Digital Commons Network^™

Traditional And Computational Canons, Eric H. Martinez

Faculty Scholarship

As part of the rise of modern textualism, dictionaries and linguistic canons have become a ubiquitous part of legal interpretation. One longstanding question is whether judges citing these tools sincerely attempt to follow the meaning of a text, or if their invocation is merely window-dressing for a preferred outcome. The practical significance of this question extends across all major doctrinal areas, and with the Supreme Court’s overturning of Chevron deference, its importance is only to grow, as courts are now instructed to use every tool at their disposal to resolve ambiguity when interpreting a law. This Article is the first …

The Crime Of Being Immoral, Randy D. Gordon

Faculty Scholarship

Despite a general abhorrence of retrospective laws as a matter of legal theory and Constitutional dictate, US. courts continue-in es sence-to create new crimes by injecting fazzy moral considerations into determinations under the federal fraud statutes. They do so by deeming a failure to act with "moral uprightness" sufficient to consti tute criminal fraud. Under such an amorphous standard, the unwitting find themselves in a legal bind, even though their conduct may not in volve any of the traditional elements of common-law fraud. This Article traces the roots of novel fraud theories with tools drawn from legal theory, linguistics, and …

Postgraduate Medical Education Accreditation: Why Iraq Should Act Now, Nazar Haddad

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

 Accreditation of medical education is a formalcertification process that verifies the quality ofmedical education programs and assesses theeffectiveness of medical schools in trainingfuture doctors. This process is crucial forensuring patient safety and the competence ofpractising physicians. Typically, accreditationis carried out by national governments oragencies authorised by them .Postgraduate medical education (PGME)accreditation extends this process to residencyand fellowship training. It ensures thatcurricula, supervision, assessment, and clinicallearning environments effectively prepareindependent and safe specialists. The WorldFederation for Medical Education (WFME)2023 PGME Standards serve as the primaryglobal reference framework for thisaccreditation.

Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Level Among Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Rezan Hussein, Sherwan Salih

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Abstract Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is diagnosed when free thyroxine (fT4) level is normal and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level is elevated. The prevalence of SCH is 3-15%. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) is an adipokine secreted from adipose tissue. It has a role in the regulation of lipid storage, oxidation and lipolysis. Atherogenic indices of plasma are lipid ratios that are used in predicting cardiovascular events. They include atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli’s risk indexes I and II and atherogenic coefficient. Objectives: The study was aimed to evaluate serum A-FABP level among SCH patients compared to a control …

Clinicopathological Significance Of Immunohistochemical Expression Of Sox2 Protein In Urothelial Carcinoma Of Urinary Bladder In A Sample Of Iraqi Patients, Zainab Raheem, Ali Naji

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

AbstractBackground:Bladder carcinoma is the tenth most common carcinoma worldwide. It is one of the most common ten malignancies in Iraq. Sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a transcription factor. It plays an essential role in cell fate determination. Aberrant expression of SOX2 has been reported in many types of carcinomas SOX2 expression is said to be associated with tumor progression.Objective:To evaluate the prognostic impact of SOX2 immunohistochemical expression in the urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.Materials and methods:This is a retrospective study of fifty patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder carried out in the Babylon Training Center for Histopathology …

Fatal Cases Of Poisoning Diagnosed In Medicolegal Directorate Of Baghdad, Ahmed Ghadhban, Nabeel Hashim

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Abstract: Background: Poisoning is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Providing accurate statistical data is essential to understand the different aspects of poisoning cases for the seek of diagnosis particularly at the medicolegal side, and also for the seek of better management. Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, and the postmortem findings of fatal poisoning cases referred to the medicolegal directorate of Baghdad. To identify the most common toxic agents, and the manner of death, in addition to demonstrate the demographic factors for the purpose of prevention and management.Materials and Methods: Retrospective study analyzing autopsy records …

Psychological Impact And Severity Condition During The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic Among The General Population In Iraq, Kawthar Nassir, Zainab Qasim, Nesif Al-Hemiary, Zahraa Al Nedawi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Background: the COVID-19 pandemic is a global healthcare crisis that impacts multiple body systems and is linked to various psychiatric issues.Objective: this study aims to assess psychological symptoms, sleep disturbances, and insomnia associated with infection by covid-19, examining the severity of these symptoms based on the perceived threat of infection. Patients and Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study of a convenient sample of patients, involved collecting medical data by distributing questionnaires under a psychiatrist’s supervision. The data included demographics, co-morbidities, disease severity, psychological measurements, treatment response, and prognosis. The questionnaires incorporated the Anxiety and Stress Scale, along with the Impact of …

Pre_And Postoperative Evaluation Of Patients With Lumbosacral Disc Herniation (L4l5, L5s1)By Neurophysiological, Radiological And Clinical Assessment., Ahmed Al Atraqchi, Duraid Al Badawi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

AbstractObjective: Pre and postoperative evaluation of patients with lumbosacral disc herniation by neurophysiological, radiological and clinical assessment.Patient and method: This prospective and retrospective cohort study was conducted at Saad Al-Witry neuroscience teaching hospital in Baghdad in the period extended from January 2017 to October 2023. The study included a total number of 1000 cases gathered from a neurosurgical team specialized in spine cases handling. The selection of cases was based on clinical and neurological examination. In whom medical therapy failed to control patients' symptoms.The patients were observed during their initial visit to the clinic, the day of the procedure, 2 …

When The Student Becomes The Teacher: Learning-By-Teaching As A Tool For Conservation Career Development, Ana Dixon

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

Dixon, A. (2025). When the Student Becomes the Teacher: Learning-by-Teaching as a Tool for Conservation Career Development

This study explored the research question: How do teaching-centered conservation career development programs influence participants’ science identity and self-efficacy? The literature review includes context on STEM and conservation careers, social cognitive career theory, science identity and self-efficacy, and learning-by-teaching. Participants in the Zoological Society of Milwaukee’s High School Assistant (HSA) volunteer and conservation education internship programs were given the option to complete pre- and post-surveys surrounding their participation in their respective summer program. These surveys measured individuals’ science identity, science and environmental self-efficacy, …

Demand And Supply Of Criminal Governance In Latin America, Javier Osorio

LAII Events

Wednesday, October 01, 2025 | 03:30 pm

335 Ortega Hall

About:

As part of the 2025 Fall Lecture Series hosted by the UNM International Studies Institute, Dr. Javier Osorio will present on the demand and supply of criminal governance in Latin America. See below a complete list of the 2025 Lecture Series presentations.

Notes:

This event is free and open to the public.

Montana Folk Festival 2025, Butte, Montana, Rachel Baer, Ava Worbets, Kika Bradford

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This study was conducted for the Montana Folk Festival to provide insight into the characteristics of attendees of the 2025 Montana Folk Festival. 968 attendees from the event completed the survey. Results show that 80% of respondents were residents of Montana, of which 37% were from Butte-Silver Bow County. Out-of-county respondents spent an average of 4.5 nights in Montana, reporting a total spending of $263,194.25, mostly in hotel/motel/bed and breakfasts and restaurants/bars. Results provide event organizers with useful data for future event planning, making improvements to the event, event marketing/promotion, and understanding the visitor spending associated with the event.

Job-Training Programs For Older Americans, Byeongju Ryu, Cal J. Halvorsen

Harvey A. Friedman Center for Aging

The traditional notion of retirement—stopping work completely to focus on personal pursuits in one’s golden years—is not guaranteed. In the United States, three in four adults plan to work past age 65. Many older adults continue working due to financial necessity, including rising healthcare costs, insufficient retirement savings, and gaps in pension coverage. Low-wage workers, in particular, may struggle to retire at all, forced to keep working to afford basic necessities such as housing and food. Older adults also seek employment for their personal health and well-being, such as staying physically and mentally active, finding a sense of purpose, and …

Hcmv Infection Of Terminally Differentiated Neurons Disrupts Microtubule Organization, Resulting In Neurite Retraction, Jacob W. Adelman, Andrew T. Sukowaty, Kaitlyn J. Partridge, Jessica E. Gawrys, Allison Akins, Scott S. Terhune, Allison D. Ebert

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a prolific human herpesvirus that infects most individuals by adulthood. While typically asymptomatic in adults, congenital infection can induce serious neurological symptoms, including hearing loss, visual deficits, cognitive impairment, and microcephaly in 10%–15% of cases. HCMV has been shown to infect most neural cells, with our group recently demonstrating this capacity in stem cell-derived forebrain neurons. Infection of neurons induces deleterious effects on calcium dynamics and electrophysiological function paired with gross restructuring of neuronal morphology. Here, we utilize an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived model of the human forebrain to demonstrate how HCMV infection induces syncytia, drives …

Caremark's Politics, Itai Fiegenbaum

Cardozo Law Review

What propels the evolution of Delaware corporate law? In a series of persuasive articles, Professor Mark Roe explains Delaware corporate law developments as an effort to preempt federal intervention. If public outrage over corporate governance failures reaches Congress, federal lawmakers may impose reforms that undercut Delaware’s prominence and ultimately harm those that benefit from the prestige and lucre that come with it. To avoid this, Delaware courts strategically adjust doctrines to appear vigilant in protecting investors. Delaware’s adjudication of director oversight failures aligns with this account. In re Caremark, the seminal case renowned for its declaration of a proactive board-level …

Disability-Related Misconduct And The Untapped Potential Of The Disparate Impact Theory, Kelly Cahill Timmons

Cardozo Law Review

Disabilities often manifest themselves in behavior that could be characterized as misconduct. Since the early days of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), courts have struggled with how to treat disability-related misconduct in the workplace. In Raytheon Co. v. Hernandez, the Supreme Court indicated that terminating an employee for violating a neutral, generally applicable conduct rule is not disparate treatment because of disability. Instead, the Court suggested that concern about the effect of such a rule on a disabled employee should be addressed under the disparate impact theory of discrimination. In the years that followed, Congress enacted the ADA Amendments …

Memories Of Trees Past: Coexistence Implications Of Legacy Conspecific Density Dependence, Lukas J. Magee, Daniel J.B. Smith, David Bauman, Po-Ju Ke, Helene C. Muller-Laudau, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Jessica Shue, David A. Orwig, Sean M. Mcmahon, Stephanie Bohlman, Raelene M. Crandall, Ben Weinstein, Sergio Marconi, Jeremy W. Lichstein, James F. Gillooly, Robert Bagchi, Joseph A. Lamanna, Daniel J. Johnson

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The Janzen-Connell Hypothesis posits that plant species diversity is maintained by a reduction in seedling survival near living conspecific trees relative to heterospecifics–known as negative conspecific density dependence (CDD). CDD facilitates coexistence if stronger than heterospecific density dependence (HDD). However, whether and how long CDD persists after trees die is unknown. In a three-year study across three forests, we monitored seedling survival near living and dead trees, both conspecific and heterospecific, across a seven-year chrono-sequence since tree death. CDD persisted for at least 5 years after tree death (‘legacy CDD’), and most species showed stronger CDD relative to HDD through …

In Sources We Trust (Sometimes): Verifying Citations In The Age Of Ai, Daniel G. Kipnis

Library Workshops

Learning objective:

1.Learn strategies to determine if an AI generated citation is fake or real

AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude are powerful research aids—but they sometimes generate citations that don’t actually exist, a phenomenon known as “hallucination.” As these tools become more common in academic work, verifying the accuracy of citations is more important than ever.

Join Dan Kipnis, STEM Librarian at Rowan University Libraries, for a concise, hands-on workshop where you’ll learn practical strategies to identify fake citations and verify legitimate sources in navigating AI-generated content responsibly.

The Church And Child Welfare: Exploring Faith-Based Support For Foster, Kinship, Adoptive, And Biological Families, Elizabeth Deagle

Orphans and Vulnerable Children Senior Capstone

The child welfare system relies on foster, kinship, adoptive, and biological families to provide care, stability, and permanency for vulnerable children. Despite their critical role, these families often face complex challenges, including trauma exposure, placement instability, caregiver burnout, socioeconomic and legal barriers, and limited access to supportive resources. Historically, churches and faith-based organizations have played a significant role in caring for orphaned and vulnerable children. This paper examines the unique contribution of the church and faith-based organizations in strengthening child welfare efforts across three dimensions: (1) biblical and theological foundations for caring for vulnerable children and families, (2) trauma-informed ministry …

Smokejumper Magazine, October 2025, National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper and Static Line Magazines

This issue of the National Smokejumper Association (NSA) Smokejumper Magazine, contains the following articles:

Message from the President; Silk Stories; Jumper Turned Forensic Pioneer; Wild Bill’s Hardest Two-Manner; Some Thoughts in Defense of Today’s USFS; Dick Tracy: Best Boss I Ever Had; The Youngest Smokejumper; Pioneer Smokejumping Pilots; The Down-to-Earth Smokejumper and His “Moon Trees”; To the Moon!; Smokejumpers Deserve More; NSA Honors Extraordinary Service at Reunion Banquet; Notes From the Ranks; How Spider Got His Name; A Question of Leadership; Legacy Firefighter Bob Wilken Retires; Three Minutes, Seven Seconds; Smokejumper Takes National Spotlight; Sounding Off; Odds and Ends; The …

Investigating The Effects Of Cbd And Caffeine Interaction On Embryonic Development In Xenopus Laevis, Jeanesia M. Pierre

Theses

This study examined the interactive effects of cannabidiol (CBD) and caffeine on Xenopus laevis embryos over a 96-hour exposure period. Developmental toxicity was assessed using toxic unit isobole analysis, with LC₅₀, EC₅₀, and teratogenic index (TI) values calculated for CBD, caffeine, and mixtures at 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 ratios.

Results showed that mixtures produced concentration-dependent interactions. When caffeine levels were higher, the mixtures displayed synergistic toxicity; as the proportion of CBD increased, the interaction shifted toward a concentration-addition model. Mortality was elevated in mixtures relative to single-compound exposures, while malformation rates decreased, indicating reduced teratogenicity. Overall, findings suggest that CBD …

Ruthless: The Revolution Of Gangsta Rap, Laci D. Lavoy

Theses

The popularization of gangsta rap in the United States was pivotal to the advancement of Black America following the close of the Civil Rights Movement. The ruthlessness of gangsta rap created a distaste of authority that became a catalyst for Black American unity and change. Artists quickly started writing songs that spoke out against issues plaguing Black and poor Americans, realizing the power of the microphone and the radio. These rappers created an awareness for White audiences that had not been present before and even created a space for White artists with shared experiences. Female rappers took this activism a …

Hr Newsletter, Minnesota State University Moorhead

HR Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Genome-Wide Identification Of Essential Genes For Microbial Insecticide Bioremediation, Mary Snook

AES Theses

Insecticides pose a threat to ecological, wildlife and human health when they are carried in runoff water from agricultural fields to surface and ground waters. Microbial bioremediation provides a promising avenue for degrading and removing these pollutants from runoff water before they dissipate into downstream ecosystems. While effective bioremediators for various target pesticides have been identified, we do not yet understand exactly how microbes degrade insecticides in most cases. In this study, I examined three bacterial strains with the ability to metabolize imidacloprid (strain Imidl Y) or malathion (strains Mal4 and Mal6), both common insecticides, and used transposon-mediated mutagenesis to …

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Heat And Cold Tolerance In Galapagos Pocillopora Spp. Communities, Katrina Giambertone

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Galapagos corals in the Eastern Tropical Pacific inhabit marginal, suboptimal environments and experience frequent, intense thermal stress-increasingly common conditions for reefs under recurrent climate anomalies. Marginal populations may host resilient individuals, providing insight into climate-driven acclimatization and adaptation. In the Galapagos, coral community resilience has been highest in the far northern island sites of Darwin and Wolf, and experimental thermal assays show that Pocillopora colonies from these sites are more heat- and cold-tolerant than colonies from the southwestern island of Isabela.

To identify drivers of this variation, we sequenced the mitochondrial open reading frame (mtORF) to determine host haplotype and …

Lung Cancer In Patients Of African Descent: A Transcontinental Review Of Epidemiology, Disparities, Outcomes, And Opportunities For Equity In Africa, North America, South America, And The Caribbean, Elvis Obomanu, Colton Jones, Verna Vanderpuye, Nazik Hammad

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Lung cancer in people of African descent is characterized by transcontinental disparities driven by epidemiologic heterogeneity, systemic inequities, and unequal access to health care. Globally, lung cancer incidence and mortality rates vary; however, underdiagnosis and late-stage presentation in low- and middle-income countries obscure the true prevalence of lung cancer because of limited cancer registries and diagnostic infrastructure. In Africa, most patients with lung cancer present at an advanced stage, primarily because of health illiteracy, misdiagnosis, delayed referrals, and inadequate treatment infrastructure. Although tobacco smoking remains a dominant risk factor worldwide, African populations are disproportionately exposed to environmental and occupational hazards, …

Hiv And Lung Cancer: A Single Cancer Center Experience, Julia Palecki, Matthew Tucker, Andrew Bernstein, Garrett Melby, Tingting Zhan, Ida Micaily

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death in people living with HIV (PLWH) and disproportionately affects this group regardless of CD4 count. At the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC) at Jefferson Health, we treat an underserved PLWH population with LC and aim to study their clinical course, as they are often excluded from LC trials. We retrospectively reviewed 36 PLWH diagnosed with LC at Jefferson Health from 2016 to 2023. We found that 24 patients were male, 20 patients were Black, and that the median age of LC diagnosis is 66 years (range 38-83 years). 27 …

Using Markets To Decarbonize, Jonathan H. Adler

Popular Media

"Traditional environmental regulation is not powerful enough for problems on the scale of climate change."

Computational Dataset Of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium-Anion Complex Structures And Simulated Infrared Spectra, Arun K. Sharma, Owen Mcmillan

Biology, Agriculture and Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

This dataset presents computationally derived geometries and vibrational spectra of cetyl trimethyl ammonium ion pairs formed with three environmentally and chemically relevant anions: bisulfate, nitrate, and methyl sulfonate. Data were obtained using quantum chemical calculations performed using the Gaussian 16 software package, utilizing the ONIOM method at the second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) level. To account for solvent effects and electrostatic screening, calculations incorporated an implicit solvent environment via the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The dataset includes optimized geometric coordinates, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and simulated infrared (IR) spectra for each cetyl trimethyl ammonium-anion pair. Additional computational details, including input parameters, …

Integration Of Sco2 Brayton Cycles With Carbon Capture Systems, Nathan C. Stearns, Rajarshi Roy, Brian Schooff, Andrew Chiodo, Andrew R. Fry, Brian D. Iverson

Faculty Publications

Increasing global energy consumption and greater market penetration of intermittent energy sources require a baseline power source to enable renewable energies. Here, a case is made for pairing supercritical CO₂ Brayton cycles with carbon capture to create low-emission, high-efficiency, combustion-based power generation systems. Pairing carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems with supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) Brayton cycles enables the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in combustion systems, but with an associated energy cost. Three different representative models of CCS systems (oxyfuel combustion, amine scrubbing, and cryogenic carbon capture) are considered for pairing with an sCO2 Brayton cycle, …

Will Systematic Stewardship Save The Planet?, Zohar Goshen, Assaf Hamdani

Faculty Scholarship

The largest institutional investors have solidified their status as “universal owners,” holding almost eighty percent of the U.S. stock market. The growing influence of these investors over the companies they invest in has sparked optimism among scholars and activists that asset managers will use their clout to steer firms towards Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) objectives. But such optimism may be misplaced. Focusing on carbon emission reduction, we argue that universal owners lack the necessary incentives and competence to pressure corporations to lower emissions.

Universal owners market ESG investments with conflicting promises of “doing well while doing good.” The untenable …