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International Conference On Food Science, Nutrition And Agriculture, University For Business And Technology (Ubt) In Kosovo Oct 2025

International Conference On Food Science, Nutrition And Agriculture, University For Business And Technology (Ubt) In Kosovo

UBT International Conference

UBT Annual International Conference is the 14th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent …


“Tell Your Papa”: Aesthetics Of Confrontation And Visual Witnessing In Nigerian Protest Music, Omotayo Jemiluyi Oct 2025

“Tell Your Papa”: Aesthetics Of Confrontation And Visual Witnessing In Nigerian Protest Music, Omotayo Jemiluyi

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

This study analyzes the music video “Tell Your Papa” (2025), a politically charged protest song by Nigerian artiste Eedris Abdulkareem, as an exemplary case of aesthetics of confrontation, here conceptualized as a multimodal strategy in which direct address, anti-spectacle visual style, literalism, and discomfort converge to confront political power. Focusing on the song’s explicit critique of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, his son Seyi Tinubu, and other prominent political figures, the analysis demonstrates how Abdulkareem renders indistinct the line between music and political discourse through a visual-sonic language that is accusatory, documentary-stylized, and unflinchingly courageous. While building on the lineage …


Retracted: Analysis Of Energy Sector Co2 Emanations Using Wavelet-Based Numerical Technique, Yeshwanth R., Kumbinarasaiah S. Oct 2025

Retracted: Analysis Of Energy Sector Co2 Emanations Using Wavelet-Based Numerical Technique, Yeshwanth R., Kumbinarasaiah S.

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

This study aims to present the modified Chebyshev wavelet collocation method (CWCM) to investigate and obtain the numerical approximation of $CO_2$ emissions from the energy sector utilizing the fractional mathematical model. The need for energy rises as the population grows. Burning fossil fuels produces a significant portion of the world's energy, which raises the atmospheric concentration of $CO_2$ and causes global warming. The combination of mathematical modeling studies and numerical simulations allows us to understand the $CO_2$ emissions from the energy sector. Our objective is to build an operational matrix of integration (OMI) based on Chebyshev wavelets and use it …


The Roddey Mcmillan Record - October 25, 2025, Winthrop University Oct 2025

The Roddey Mcmillan Record - October 25, 2025, Winthrop University

The RMR 2020-2029

The Roddey McMillan Record (RMR) is Winthrop’s monthly multicultural student publication. The RMR has been a significant voice of the minority population of the Winthrop community since its creation by Gail Harris in April 1986. It promotes awareness and understanding of issues concerning minorities for the prosperity of the entire Winthrop community. The purpose of the RMR is to shine light on the many diverse cultures at Winthrop, focusing on issues, concerns and happenings of those who represent the multicultural community on campus. The Roddey McMillan Record is named after Dr. Cynthia Roddey and Atty, Sheila McMillan. Cynthia Roddey was …


35th Anniversary Gala, Widener University Commonwealth Law School Oct 2025

35th Anniversary Gala, Widener University Commonwealth Law School

35th Anniversary Gala

History of Widener Law Commonwealth

Widener Law Commonwealth has its roots in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where a growing need for legal education in the state capital led to the founding of the school in 1989. Established as the Harrisburg campus of Widener University School of Law, it was created with the vision of providing students with direct access to the Pennsylvania State Capitol and the many opportunities available through courts, firms, and public service organizations in the region.

The law school welcomed its first students in 1989 and quickly developed a reputation for blending rigorous academics with hands-on learning. From its …


An Introduction To Ecofeminist Thought For International Relations Students, Vivian Ike Oct 2025

An Introduction To Ecofeminist Thought For International Relations Students, Vivian Ike

International Relations - All Scholarship

This article introduces students of International Relations (IR) to ecofeminism, its diverse approaches, and critiques. Ecofeminism emerged in the 1970’s following the history of the intersection between the transnational women’s movement and the global environmental movement (Kelleher 2019).


A Structured, Competency-Based Framework For Aspiring Cardiothoracic Surgeons, Adham Ahmed, Samantha Colon, Gianna J. Dafflisio, Purab Kothari, Nina Uzoigwe, Alice Zhou, Juli Buchwald, Betemariam Sharew, Carter Glenn, Steven Medvedovsky, Justin Olivera, Ryan Kramer, Gabrielle Colon, Jonathan M. Tomasko, Sara J. Pereira, Mara Antonoff, Marc Pelletier, Irbaz Hameed Oct 2025

A Structured, Competency-Based Framework For Aspiring Cardiothoracic Surgeons, Adham Ahmed, Samantha Colon, Gianna J. Dafflisio, Purab Kothari, Nina Uzoigwe, Alice Zhou, Juli Buchwald, Betemariam Sharew, Carter Glenn, Steven Medvedovsky, Justin Olivera, Ryan Kramer, Gabrielle Colon, Jonathan M. Tomasko, Sara J. Pereira, Mara Antonoff, Marc Pelletier, Irbaz Hameed

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

OBJECTIVE: Cardiothoracic surgery requires mastery of a broad knowledge base and advanced skillset to manage critically ill patients. Although competency-based assessment frameworks have been developed in several specialties, there remains a paucity of resources to guide practical progression for early cardiothoracic surgical trainees.

METHODS: Members of the Thoracic Surgery Residents Association, Thoracic Surgery Medical Student Association, and attending cardiothoracic surgeons with a strong track record of surgical education were invited to share their insights and experiences. A structured, milestone-driven roadmap was developed on the basis of their contributions.

RESULTS: We developed a structured, competency-based framework for early surgical trainees, with …


Multi-Year Tracking Of European Sea Bass Shows Large-Scale Connectivity, Summer Site Fidelity, And Repeatability In Migration Timing, Jena E. Edwards, Allert I. Bijleveld, Anthonie D. Buijse, Peter Davies, Alice E. Hall, Jeroen Huisman, Inge Van Der Knaap, Melanie P. Meijer Zu Schlochtern, Jan Reubens, Emma V. Sheehan, Thomas Stamp, Hendrik V. Winter Oct 2025

Multi-Year Tracking Of European Sea Bass Shows Large-Scale Connectivity, Summer Site Fidelity, And Repeatability In Migration Timing, Jena E. Edwards, Allert I. Bijleveld, Anthonie D. Buijse, Peter Davies, Alice E. Hall, Jeroen Huisman, Inge Van Der Knaap, Melanie P. Meijer Zu Schlochtern, Jan Reubens, Emma V. Sheehan, Thomas Stamp, Hendrik V. Winter

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Movement data are essential to the effective conservation and management of migratory species. European sea bass, an ecologically and economically important migratory species in the northeast Atlantic, has expanded its range northward in recent decades. However, the dynamics of its large-scale and seasonal movement patterns across much of its range remain poorly understood. Notably, increasing sea bass abundance in the Wadden Sea, amidst widespread population declines across its broader range, highlights the potential significance of seasonal habitats for the species’ overall stability. We used acoustic telemetry to explore the importance of northern summer foraging grounds for sea bass, including examination …


Shu World Review- October 25th 2025, Diplolab Oct 2025

Shu World Review- October 25th 2025, Diplolab

SHU World Review

No abstract provided.


Unmasking The 1920s Ku Klux Klan In Tillamook County, Oregon, David A. Horowitz Oct 2025

Unmasking The 1920s Ku Klux Klan In Tillamook County, Oregon, David A. Horowitz

History Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) arrived in Oregon in the early 1920s, during the history of the second Klan. The Klan quickly spread throughout the state, aided by a mostly white, Protestant population, as well as by racist and anti-immigrant sentiments which were already embedded in the region.

Much of the influence of KKK Tillamook Chapter No. 8 came between 1921 and 1928, when the lodge pursued an anti-Catholic agenda and supported Prohibition and law enforcement through its dominance of local government, the police, and the courts.

Ultimately, the struggles and decline of the Klan in Oregon coincided with the …


Exploring The Impact Of Guangdong Province's Talent Policies On The Retention Of Fresh Master's Graduates For Employment In Guangdong, Kai Hong Sun Oct 2025

Exploring The Impact Of Guangdong Province's Talent Policies On The Retention Of Fresh Master's Graduates For Employment In Guangdong, Kai Hong Sun

Lingnan Theses (Doctoral degree)

University graduates' choice of local employment serves as a core driver for promoting regional economic innovation, by effectively meeting corporate talent demands and injecting high-quality talent resources into regional development. This dynamic holds strategic significance for sustaining regional economic growth and fostering social stability. Talent policies attract graduates to local employment by offering preferential conditions and development opportunities while advancing their career growth and achieving mutual benefit and win-win outcomes for both talent and regions. Investigating the influence of talent policies on graduates' employment location decisions holds practical relevance in the current context.

This research examines the mechanisms through which …


Social Vulnerability Associations With Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma Treatment And Prognostic Disparities, Camaren M. Cuenca, David M. Bruss, David J. Fei-Zhang, Jill N. D'Souza, Anthony M. Sheyn, Jeffrey C. Rastatter, Daniel C. Chelius Oct 2025

Social Vulnerability Associations With Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma Treatment And Prognostic Disparities, Camaren M. Cuenca, David M. Bruss, David J. Fei-Zhang, Jill N. D'Souza, Anthony M. Sheyn, Jeffrey C. Rastatter, Daniel C. Chelius

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: Prior studies investigating the impacts of social determinants of health (SDoH) on hypopharyngeal cancer have only assessed the impact of individual factors on patient outcomes. This study uses the CDC's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and a national patient cohort to examine how the interrelational influence of SDoH affect hypopharyngeal cancer prognosis, treatment, and follow-up. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed patients from 1975 to 2017 with a diagnosis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma in the NCI-SEER database. Net social vulnerability and its contributions from 15 SDoH variables were ranked and scored across all US counties, yielding a SVI. SVI scores were …


A Story Within Stories: Using An Analytic Framework To Move From Individual To Collective Storying In The Analysis Of Academic Entrepreneurship Narratives, Olga Gusak, Elena Lyutykh Oct 2025

A Story Within Stories: Using An Analytic Framework To Move From Individual To Collective Storying In The Analysis Of Academic Entrepreneurship Narratives, Olga Gusak, Elena Lyutykh

The Qualitative Report

In this article the objective is to tell a story of one narrative inquiry that employed paradigmatic analytic procedures to explore academic entrepreneurship. Participating twelve college leaders in executive positions in vocational education schools in the USA, invited as information rich cases from personal networks, were powerful storytellers, comfortable with sharing representative anecdotes and shaping the strategic story for their organizations. Their stories were gathered during two rounds of in-depth interviews. Relational ontology and constructivist epistemology underpinned data collection and inductive analysis with assumptions about researchers and participants as co-constructors of the meaning of the social phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship. …


Unraveling Historical Carbon Records Of Zostera Marina Seagrass Meadows: High-Resolution Analysis, Dating, And Methodological Evaluation Of Deep Sediment Cores, Jessica A. Cramp, Jodie K. Fisher, Geoff E. Millward, Siân E. Rees, William Blake, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill Oct 2025

Unraveling Historical Carbon Records Of Zostera Marina Seagrass Meadows: High-Resolution Analysis, Dating, And Methodological Evaluation Of Deep Sediment Cores, Jessica A. Cramp, Jodie K. Fisher, Geoff E. Millward, Siân E. Rees, William Blake, Mark Parry, Martin J. Attrill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Understanding long-term carbon storage in temperate seagrass habitats is crucial for assessing their role as a “nature-based” climate solution. However, many studies often use shallow cores, low-resolution analyses, and inconsistent methodologies, limiting the ability to infer large-scale carbon storage potential. This study presents the first high-resolution carbon analysis of temperate seagrass sediments to 3 m depth and provides first estimates of sediment and carbon accumulation rates for UK subtidal meadows. Three sediment vibrocores were collected from a subtidal Zostera marina meadow at Drakes Island, Plymouth Sound, UK. High-resolution sampling at 1 cm intervals in the upper meter, and every 5 …


Thrombi From Stroke Due To Cardioembolic Etiology Have Higher Cd11b-Positive Cells Compared To Large Artery Atherosclerosis, Carson Finger, Gomana Emara, Gabriel S Chiu, Kelly Li, Sunil Sheth, Chunfeng Tan, Maria Parekh, Mehmet Enes Inam, Deepa Dongarwar, Bharti Manwani Oct 2025

Thrombi From Stroke Due To Cardioembolic Etiology Have Higher Cd11b-Positive Cells Compared To Large Artery Atherosclerosis, Carson Finger, Gomana Emara, Gabriel S Chiu, Kelly Li, Sunil Sheth, Chunfeng Tan, Maria Parekh, Mehmet Enes Inam, Deepa Dongarwar, Bharti Manwani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Identifying the underlying etiology of ischemic stroke is crucial for implementing effective stroke prevention measures. In the era of thrombectomy, ischemic stroke thrombus composition has gained considerable interest in the recent years. However, only a limited studies have analyzed the inflammatory milieu of the thrombus in association with stroke etiology. Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a common etiology of large strokes, is difficult to detect, but is known to be an inflammatory disease with a dominance of CD11b cell types (characterizes bone marrow derived myeloid cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells) in the atria. We hypothesized that thrombi …


Newspapers And Schooling: A Comparative Field Analysis Of England And Germany, Christian Herzog, Peter Kelly Oct 2025

Newspapers And Schooling: A Comparative Field Analysis Of England And Germany, Christian Herzog, Peter Kelly

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

This study establishes a field analytic approach for investigating and comaparing the influence of the print news media on educational politics in England and Germany. We identify cases from each country where national, regional and local newspapers act as intermediaries between actors engaged in discussions about schools and then subject these to field analyses focused on the form and content of press coverage. This allows us to identify in each country the role of newspapers as sites of political debate, as political actors and as shapers of public opinion.


Neutrosophic Decision Making Methodology For Sustainable Diabetic Diet: Balancing Health And Environment, Rayan Hussein Oct 2025

Neutrosophic Decision Making Methodology For Sustainable Diabetic Diet: Balancing Health And Environment, Rayan Hussein

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Sustainable diabetic diet for balancing health and environment is a decision-making problem and contain uncertainty affect negatively in different decisions. So, this paper proposes a decision-making methodology with the neutrosophic set to solve uncertainty in this decision-making problem. We use the MOOSRA method to rank the alternatives. The criteria weights are computed using the average method. Case study with nine criteria and 16 alternatives are proposed for sustainable diabetic diet. The sensitivity analysis is conducted in this case study to show the stability of the ranks. Nine cases are proposed in this study. The results show the ranks of alternatives …


Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures For Precise Uncertainty Quantification In Outcome-Based Education Systems: A Rigorous Case Study Analysis, Mona Gharib, Imran Siddique, Miin Shen Yang Oct 2025

Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures For Precise Uncertainty Quantification In Outcome-Based Education Systems: A Rigorous Case Study Analysis, Mona Gharib, Imran Siddique, Miin Shen Yang

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Outcome-Based Education (OBE) emphasizes measurable learning results, yet the evaluation of professional talent training in physical education often involves uncertain, incomplete, or even contradictory indicators. Traditional assessment models are limited in capturing these indeterminacies. To address this challenge, we propose a novel neutrosophic algebraic framework that integrates neutrosophic probability, measure, and algebraic structures with OBE evaluation. This study introduces a neutrosophic evaluation framework that captures both determinate and indeterminate aspects of brand competitiveness. A case study on physical education professional training demonstrates how the proposed model captures hidden uncertainty and provides a more balanced assessment than classical methods. The results …


Neutrosophic Set Model For Effective Earthquake Disaster Risk Management: Results And Discussion, Emadaldeen Hassan Alomar, Abdullah Ali Salamai Oct 2025

Neutrosophic Set Model For Effective Earthquake Disaster Risk Management: Results And Discussion, Emadaldeen Hassan Alomar, Abdullah Ali Salamai

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Secondary effects including landslides, tsunamis, and fires can cause significant damage and fatalities following an earthquake. Effective disaster risk management has been predicted to be built on regional fire-following earthquake (FFE) risk. Specifically, a target region’s building and geographical factors might impact the fire danger and spread. The percentage of fire-resistant building types as building characteristics and the distribution of building densities as regional characteristics were the primary factors used in this study to determine FFE risk. This study develops a decision-making methodology for risk management in the FFE. We use the single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) to overcome uncertainty. …


Evaluation Of Soil Quality Index For Sugar Beet Cultivation Under Neutrosophic Set Framework, Asiye Yilmaz Adkinson Oct 2025

Evaluation Of Soil Quality Index For Sugar Beet Cultivation Under Neutrosophic Set Framework, Asiye Yilmaz Adkinson

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Evaluation of soil quality index for sugar beet cultivation is a decision-making problem. So, we use the decision-making methods to solve this problem. We use the ARAS method is a decision-making method to rank the alternatives. The average method is used to compute the criteria weights. Evaluation this problem contains uncertainty information. So, the neutrosophic set is used to solve this uncertainty information. This study uses ten criteria and 15 alternatives. The sensitivity analysis is conducted to show the stability of the ranks. We change the criteria weights by ten cases. Then we apply the steps of the proposed approach …


Sustainable Assessing Cross-Border Renewable Energy Alliances Using Neutrosophic Numbers With Long-Term Energy Transition Planning, Kamal Alieyan, Amr A. Abd El-Mageed Oct 2025

Sustainable Assessing Cross-Border Renewable Energy Alliances Using Neutrosophic Numbers With Long-Term Energy Transition Planning, Kamal Alieyan, Amr A. Abd El-Mageed

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper proposes a decision-making methodology for Sustainable assessing cross-border renewable energy alliances. We used two decision-making methods such as Entropy and MABAC methods. Entropy method is used to compute the criteria weights. The MABAC method is used to rank the alternatives. Two methods are used under the neutrosophic number to solve uncertainty in the decision making. Three stages of the proposed approach are conducted. In the first stage, we compute the criteria weights. In the second stage, we rank the alternatives. In the third stage, we conducted the sensitivity analysis to show the stability of the ranks. The results …


Reproduction And Embryonic Development Of Monkeyface Prickleback Cebidichthys Violaceus In Captivity, Kevin D. Hinterman, Matthew R. Hoehn, Luke D. Gardner, Scott L. Hamilton Oct 2025

Reproduction And Embryonic Development Of Monkeyface Prickleback Cebidichthys Violaceus In Captivity, Kevin D. Hinterman, Matthew R. Hoehn, Luke D. Gardner, Scott L. Hamilton

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Understanding the sequence of embryonic and larval development and the factors necessary to induce reproduction in captivity are critical for developing new species for commercial or conservation aquaculture. In this study, we describe the adult reproductive behaviours and development of eggs, embryos and early larvae of captive monkeyface pricklebacks, Cebidicthys violaceus, compared to previously documented wild observations. Eggs were laid in cohesive clutches and guarded by the male parent until hatching began 23 days post fertilization at 13°C. Fertilized eggs were spherical, approximately 1.5 mm in diameter, covered in an opaque chorion, and contained six adhesive pads around the outside. …


The Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Exercise On Cancer-Related Fatigue Over Time In Cancer Patients, Deborah Middleton Oct 2025

The Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Exercise On Cancer-Related Fatigue Over Time In Cancer Patients, Deborah Middleton

Doctorate in Kinesiology

Current evidence suggests that exercise is safe and well-tolerated by cancer patients and may have great potential in mitigating CRF, one of the most common adverse events experienced by patients (Campbell et al., 2019). This study aimed to evaluate if supervised group exercise for 60 minutes (30 minutes aerobic/30 minutes strength) for 12 weeks at low-to-moderate intensity can impact CRF levels over time in cancer patients. Each of the 35 participants were screened for CRF at four timepoints (Week 1, 4, 8, and 12) using the FACIT-FS self-reported questionnaire. A paired samples t-test was conducted to compare the mean FACIT-FS …


Decreasing Barriers To The Utilization Of Cryopreserved Sperm In Male Cancer Survivors: An Expert Review And Guide, Megan V Alexander, Hailie Ciomperlik, Anna Claire Reynolds, Allyson Nevins, Luwam Ghidei, Jordan Kassab, Kevin Campbell, John Sullivan, Michael D Jochum, Laura Detti, Terri L Woodard, Larry I Lipshultz, Laurie J Mckenzie Oct 2025

Decreasing Barriers To The Utilization Of Cryopreserved Sperm In Male Cancer Survivors: An Expert Review And Guide, Megan V Alexander, Hailie Ciomperlik, Anna Claire Reynolds, Allyson Nevins, Luwam Ghidei, Jordan Kassab, Kevin Campbell, John Sullivan, Michael D Jochum, Laura Detti, Terri L Woodard, Larry I Lipshultz, Laurie J Mckenzie

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cryopreservation of sperm offers male cancer patients a critical opportunity to preserve fertility prior to gonadotoxic treatments. Despite its increasing availability, utilization rates remain modest at typically less than ten percent. This expert review provides a framework for an optimal Oncofertility Patient Care Pathway, explores the multifaceted barriers to cryopreserved sperm use, and proposes specific solutions. We focus on key timepoints for intervention, including the post-treatment fertility care return visit, continued sperm cryopreservation while remote from family building, eventual readiness for family building, and posthumous considerations. Patients often face difficulty engaging in post-treatment reproductive follow-up, with one-third of patients missing …


Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake In Ethnically Diverse Women Living With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sebastian Bruera, Yinan Huang, Savannah Bowman, Maria E Suarez-Almazor, Grace H Lo, Maria A Lopez-Olivo, Elizabeth Chiao, Jennifer R Kramer, Frederick A Pereira, Sandeep K Agarwal Oct 2025

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake In Ethnically Diverse Women Living With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sebastian Bruera, Yinan Huang, Savannah Bowman, Maria E Suarez-Almazor, Grace H Lo, Maria A Lopez-Olivo, Elizabeth Chiao, Jennifer R Kramer, Frederick A Pereira, Sandeep K Agarwal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at an increased risk of infection from the human papillomavirus (HPV) and subsequently HPV-mediated malignancies and genital warts. The HPV vaccine is a highly effective intervention in preventing HPV infection and is recommended in SLE patients. We determined HPV vaccination rates and factors associated with decreased vaccination uptake in women living with SLE.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in which we enrolled women with SLE (aged 21–45) for whom the HPV vaccine is recommended for by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The primary outcome was self-reported HPV vaccination as …


Carbon Farming As Current Use: Proposed Amendments To The New York State Agricultural Assessment Program To Mitigate Climate Change, Jack Hornickel Oct 2025

Carbon Farming As Current Use: Proposed Amendments To The New York State Agricultural Assessment Program To Mitigate Climate Change, Jack Hornickel

Pace Environmental Law Review

This article proposes a new financial incentive for mitigating climate change by integrating the natural carbon cycle into agricultural production. The proposal is based on existing New York State programs and is consistent with the state’s climate change policy that has developed over the previous decade. While carbon credits may be familiar to many of the readers, treating carbon as a commodity subjects the associated financial models to global market forces governing goods and services. Alternatively, accounting for the carbon sequestering capacity of different soil types, amendments should be made to the agricultural assessment program to better reflect the carbon …


Why Aviation Fuel Remains Untaxed: Legal Barriers To Aviation Fuel Taxation, Giedre Lideikyte Huber Oct 2025

Why Aviation Fuel Remains Untaxed: Legal Barriers To Aviation Fuel Taxation, Giedre Lideikyte Huber

Pace Environmental Law Review

Aviation fuel remains largely untaxed worldwide, despite the sector’s growing contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions. This article examines the legal foundations of this exemption and argues that it results less from fiscal necessity than from historical international law and institutional inertia. The Chicago Convention (1944), subsequent ICAO policy instruments, and a dense network of air service agreements have collectively constrained states’ ability to tax aviation fuel, a stance reinforced by the delegation of aviation emissions to ICAO under the Kyoto Protocol. A comparative analysis of the European Union, Switzerland, and the United States shows that domestic frameworks replicate these …


Enumerating Environmental Exemptions In Section 501(C)(3), Samuel D. Brunson Oct 2025

Enumerating Environmental Exemptions In Section 501(C)(3), Samuel D. Brunson

Pace Environmental Law Review

Tens of thousands environmental charities operate with the United States. These charities operate to “preserve, protect, and improve the environment.” Roughly half of the revenue of environmental charities is sourced directly from the public. These public donations depend, at least in part, on the organizations’ tax-exempt status, which allows donors to deduct their donations for tax purposes. Because donors take into account the after-tax cost of their donations, an environmental charity’s tax exemption encourages donors to donate more than they would if the charity lacked a tax exemption. However, an environmental organization’s tax-exempt status is tenuous and contingent on agency …


Environmental Tax Incentives: Lessons From The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (So Far), Genevieve A. Tokić Oct 2025

Environmental Tax Incentives: Lessons From The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (So Far), Genevieve A. Tokić

Pace Environmental Law Review

In 2022, the United States enacted the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”), which President Biden touted as the most significant action the U.S. Congress has ever taken on clean energy and climate change. It is the primary governmental effort taken to date in furtherance of the United States’s commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (“GHGs”) under the Paris Climate Agreement. The primary tools used by the IRA are tax incentives, implemented through changes to the Tax Code that expand existing tax credits and, in some cases, create new ones. An additional important feature of the IRA is the introduction of a …


Understanding Output-Based Pricing Systems, Wei Cui Oct 2025

Understanding Output-Based Pricing Systems, Wei Cui

Pace Environmental Law Review

In recent years, Canada has implemented a distinctive carbon pricing regime, known as “output-based pricing systems” (OBPS), to incentivize emission reductions for large industrial facilities. This regime has come under heightened scrutiny as a more general carbon tax, the federal fuel charge, was cancelled in 2025 due to political controversy. However, OBPS regimes have received no prior economic analysis; commentators have mostly criticized the weakness of the emission trading markets within them. This article argues that OBPS should be viewed as primarily implementing a carbon tax with an intensity-based exemption. OBPS further introduces emissions trading into this carbon tax regime, …