Digital Commons Network^™

Judicial Ethics, The Supreme Court, And The Rule Of Law, Charles G. Geyh

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This Essay begins with a short history of judicial ethics regulation in the United States, ending with the adoption of codes of conduct by every state and federal judicial system except the Supreme Court of the United States. It then turns to a series of ethics controversies encircling the Supreme Court and its justices, which culminated in the Supreme Court adopting a Code of Conduct in 2023. Tapping into the social science literature, it argues that for codes to improve the ethical climate of an institution they must encourage psychological ownership of and “buy-in” to a code by those subject …

The Icj’S Advisory Opinion On Climate Change, Maria Antonia Tigre, Maxim Bönnemann, Antoine De Spiegeleir

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

This open-access edited volume offers the first comprehensive analysis of the International Court of Justice’s 2025 Advisory Opinion on the obligations of States in respect of climate change, one of the most consequential developments in international climate law since the adoption of the Paris Agreement. Bringing together leading scholars and practitioners from across public international law, human rights law, environmental law, and global governance, the book examines how the Court reframed climate change as a matter of binding legal obligation rather than political discretion.

The contributions explore the Opinion’s articulation of state duties under treaties, customary international law, and general …

Material Differentiation On The Yellow Point Ridge Lithic Landscape, Gabriel Boghosian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This paper identified material use differences on the Yellow Point Ridge Lithic Landscape, utilizing flake morphology to identify use stages of materials found on site. This research confirmed the viability of methods like PXRF in conjunction with Infield material identifications and geologist identifications, as well as expanded the understanding of South-west Wyoming land use by hunter-gatherers.

Design And Soft-Switching Analysis Of Resonant Converters In Unfolding-Based Ac-Dc Topologies For Wide Operating Range Electric Vehicle Charging Applications, Shubhangi Gurudiwan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

As the global community becomes increasingly aware of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels, transitioning to electric mobility emerges as a critical step towards a more sustainable and energy-efficient future. One of the major barriers to the mass adoption of battery electric vehicles is the lack of convenient, fast, and accessible charging stations. Long charging times and limited charger availability contribute to range anxiety. To address this challenge, improvements in public charging infrastructure and the development of reliable, high-efficiency, high-power converters are required.

Typically, a grid-tied ac-dc converter with a two-stage architecture, consisting of …

Built For Participation: A Set Of Measures For Evaluating Community Living For People Of All Abilities As Supported By The Built Environment, Christopher A. Wilson Ii

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

As the world enters a new era of urban living, it is important to develop cities that allow residents of all ages and abilities to fully participate in society. Integration of people with disabilities into daily community living involves looking beyond site- or product-specific features to community- and city-wide systems. Some tools have been developed to begin evaluating cities’ levels of inclusive social participation and to provide recommendations for city planning professionals. However, the tools that have been developed often are too complex for practical use or rely on data that varies in obtainability. Therefore, the purpose of this series …

Reconstruction And Texturing Of 3d Surfaces From Fused Low-Cost Aerial Lidar And Optical Imagery, Samuel Kiguthi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Drones equipped with laser scanners (LiDAR) and cameras capture detailed 3D scenes. Combining the laser points with photos builds realistic, photo-textured 3D maps used in surveying, agriculture, and infrastructure planning. Conventional methods to create these maps often misrepresent inward shapes such as doorways, overhangs, and outcrops. These shapes are misrepresented because drones mainly view top surfaces and do not collect significant data on vertical or hidden areas.

This study introduces a surface-reconstruction method that groups LiDAR points into clusters, reconstructs smooth surfaces for each cluster, and uses information from recorded camera poses to stitch clusters together. Tests on real drone …

Data-Driven Streamflow Forecasting In The Upper Colorado River Basin Using Spatio-Temporal Graph Networks, Akhila Akkala

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Forecasting river flow is essential for managing water supplies, reducing flood risk, and supporting healthy ecosystems. In the Upper Colorado River Basin, much of the yearly water comes from melting snow. However, many traditional models struggle to capture how snowpack and river flow interact, especially across such a large and complex region.

This study uses a modern machine learning approach called a Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network (STGNN) to improve streamflow prediction. The model uses Snow Water Equivalent (SWE)—a measure of how much water is stored in the snowpack—along with river flow data. By treating each river gauge as part of …

Navigating Challenges In Management Of Difficult-To-Treat Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps In The Greater Gulf, Osama A. Marglani, Abdul Razzak Juratli, Athari Maatouq Alwael, Ghassan Hussain Alokby

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) poses significant management challenges, particularly in treatment-resistant cases, greatly affecting patients’ quality of life. This paper provides consensus-based recommendations to guide clinicians in managing difficult-to-treat CRSwNP in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. A modified Delphi method was used to gather expert opinions from GCC specialists through surveys and discussions, achieving consensus on 14 key statements for CRSwNP management. Key criteria identified for difficult-to-treat CRSwNP included early recurrence after surgery, comorbid atopic diseases, and frequent need for oral steroids. The importance of structured histopathology reporting and understanding inflammatory characteristics to differentiate patients with …

Evaluation Of Computed Tomography Radiation Dose Metrics In Saudi Arabia: Comparison To National And International Diagnostic Reference Levels, Mohammad Esmael Alsulimane

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT This review evaluates CT radiation dose levels in Saudi Arabia relative to national Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) established by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the United Kingdom (UK). A total of 31 studies published between 2015 and 2025 were reviewed, covering adult and pediatric CT protocols for head, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and multiphase scans. The review highlights variations in the volumetric computed tomographic dose index (CTDIvol), and the dose-length product (DLP) values among different institutions in KSA. For adult protocols, fifteen studies reported dose metric values below the KSA NDRLs, while 8 studies reported values below the …

Satisfaction With The Saudi Healthcare System: Findings From The 2019 Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey, Ali M. Alzahrani, Holly C. Felix

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To provide details on patient satisfaction with the Saudi healthcare system and patient characteristics associated with satisfaction levels using nationally representative survey data. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted using the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey (KSAWHS 2019) data, which collected information on demographics, health status, chronic conditions, and access to and use of healthcare services among Saudi adults aged ≥15 years. Descriptive statistics and logistics regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors of satisfaction with Saudi healthcare services. Results: Between April and July 2019, 8,912 individuals completed the KSAWHS 2019 individual questionnaire. Out …

Rising Cancer Burden Among Older Adults In Saudi Arabia: A Longitudinal Analysis Of Incidence Rates By Demographics, 2013–2022, Hissah A. Alzahrani

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To analyze cancer incidence trends in Saudi Arabia from 2013 to 2022 by age group, gender, and nationality, identify significant temporal patterns or shifts, and determine the most prevalent cancer types across age groups and years. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the Saudi Cancer Registry, which included 185,567 reported cancer cases between 2013 and 2022. Descriptive statistics, generalized estimating equation (GEE), and Joinpoint regression were used to examine the crude incidence rate (CIR), age-specific incidence rate (AIR), and age-standardized rate (ASR) across demographic subgroups. Results: Saudi nationals had higher cancer rates than non-Saudi residents, …

Nutritional Knowledge Of The Phenylketonuria Diet Among Healthcare Providers In Saudi Arabia, Nouf A. Alghamdi, Rouba K. Naaman

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is associated with detrimental impacts on factors contributing to the etiology of obesity, and metabolism disorders. Therefore, we hypothesized that physicians and dietitians demonstrate a sufficient level of nutritional knowledge of the PKU type diet. The aim of this study is to assess understanding of the PKU diet in relation to current guidelines among dietitians and metabolic physicians in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study involved 238 participants, primarily Saudi and non-Saudi dietitians and metabolic physicians working in Saudi Arabia, who asked to complete an electronic questionnaire assessing their nutritional knowledge of the PKU diet. The questionnaire …

Examining Public Satisfaction With The Saudi Health System: Findings From The 2019 Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey, Ali M. Khashab

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Prevention: Bend It Like Bekham, Mirvat Alasnag, Adel Tash

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Genodermatosis Among The Southwestern Saudi Population: The Pattern And The Need For A Premarital Genetic Screening Protocol, Hamad A. Alfahaad

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To characterize the clinical and genetic spectrum of genodermatoses in Southwestern Saudi Arabia, the present study examines the impact of consanguinity on this particular population, and proposes a tailored premarital genetic screening protocol. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 32 patients diagnosed with genodermatoses during the study period at a tertiary hospital (King Khalid Hospital, Najran) were included. Genetic screening was performed for patients with suspected genodermatoses based on clinical findings, using whole-exome sequencing (WES), specifically employing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Clinical and genetic analysis data were extracted from medical records. Results: Among 32 patients diagnosed with genodermatoses, …

Stronger Infection Prevention And Management, Better Maternal Outcomes

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Antipsychotic Misuse: A Silent But Growing Public Health Hazard, Sumeet Bhardwaj, Karisma Pathak, Myra Mclenon, Steven Spector, Kevin Tu

Student Publications

Antipsychotic drugs are essential in the management of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric illnesses, but their use is closely linked to cardiometabolic side effects. Cardiometabolic side effects include weight gain, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Mechanisms of cardiometabolic side effects involve disruption of the central nervous system’s ability to regulate appetite, peripheral metabolic effects, which are changes in metabolism outside the CNS, and receptor-level interactions, with second-generation antipsychotics generally posing a greater risk than first-generation agents. This review addresses current evidence on the cardiometabolic consequences of antipsychotic therapy, increasing inappropriate off-label use of antipsychotic drugs, …

Constitutional Obiter Dicta On Male-Male Sex And Fundamental Rights In Singapore, Benjamin Joshua Ong

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The Singapore Court of Appeal held a law prohibiting male–male sexual intercourse (s 377A of the Penal Code) unenforceable on non-rights-based grounds. The court's remarks about the rights to life and liberty (including whether sexual orientation is mutable), freedom of expression, and equality are obiter. But they are significant, since in Singapore, there are few constitutional rights cases and the courts focus on spelling out the limits to executive and legislative power without necessarily striking down exercises of such power on rights grounds. Indeed, the obiter dicta prompted the Legislature to repeal s 377A. Given the repeal, the obiter dicta …

Preparing For “Disease X”: Lessons From Tax And Non-Tax Policy Responses To The Covid-19 Pandemic In Singapore And Australia, Vincent Ooi

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

During the Covid-19 pandemic, a lack of pre-pandemic planning resulted in sub-optimal policy outcomes. Crucial lessons can be drawn from the experience of Singapore and Australia in the pandemic in implementing various tax and non-tax economic measures; lessons that can help in preparing for the next pandemic (“Disease X”). This article analyses and critically evaluates three main categories of economic measures: direct payments, tax measures and non-tax “other” measures. It finds that direct payment measures such as jobs support had a very significant impact on preserving jobs and supporting the economy. However, eligibility conditions have to be carefully designed for …

Preliminaries

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

Abstract not applicable.

Did Copyright Fail Music Artists?, Rachel Landy

Articles

Music soundtracks our lives, supports over two million domestic jobs annually, and is listened to more than ever before. The record industry is thriving, having made over $17 billion in 2024. Yet, many professional artists are barely surviving. Artists signed to record deals lament royalty payments that amount to a fraction of a penny for each stream of their songs. So where is all the money going, and who, or what, is to blame? Public rhetoric and existing legislative proposals implicate copyright as a guilty party. But are those concerns justified?

This Article unpacks the music supply chain. It builds …

From Mechanisms To Management: Implications Of Biogeochemical Controllers And Land Management For Soil Carbon Cycling And Storage, Savannah R. Adkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Climate change and its cascading effects are driven by increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). Many climate solutions exists to remove this excess carbon (C) from the atmosphere, and soils, in particular, represent one of the few win-win solutions. Soils play a vital role in the global C cycle because they store more C than plants and the atmosphere combined, however, they also release more CO₂ annually than fossil fuel combustion (a major contributor to accelerating climate change). Therefore, preventing CO₂ loss from soil could help slow the progression of climate change, and increasing overall soil …

Cognitive Dynamics In Undergraduate Engineering Education: Effects Of Need For Cognitive Closure And Achievement Goal Orientation On Cognitive Engagement, Zain Ul Abideen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Cognitive and motivational factors play an important role in students’ engagement during problem-solving, which can lead to academic and professional success. Among these factors, Need for cognitive closure (NFCC) and achievement goal orientation (AGO) have been studied extensively individually, but their interaction and impact on engineering students’ problem-solving is still not explored. NFCC refers to the person’s desire for quick answers, and AGO is the student’s approach to learning and success. This research investigated the impact of NFCC on gender and engineering major, and the relation between NFCC (five facets) and AGO (Mastery, Performance) at their different levels. Additionally, this …

Predicting Major Solar Flares Using Convolutional Neural Networks And Multivariate Magnetic Field Time-Series Data, Arash Azizian Foumani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Major solar flares are sudden, intense bursts of X-ray energy from the Sun, capable of severely impacting critical technological infrastructure like satellites, communication networks, and power grids on Earth. Accurate prediction of these high-intensity events is crucial but presents a significant challenge. This is largely due to their infrequent occurrence and the complex, dynamic nature of the Sun's underlying magnetic activity which drives these events. This research focuses on improving the prediction of major solar flares by utilizing detailed historical data that tracks the evolution of magnetic properties within solar active regions over time. This time-based data, however, contains inherent …

Understanding Impact Of Starter Culture Blends On The Ph Variation In Cheddar Cheese During Early Aging, Samuel J. Clarke

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Consumer expectations govern what is acceptable when it comes to the flavor, texture, and color of the cheese. These quality attributes of cheese are all influenced by the pH of the cheese which is in turn controlled by the acid production of the starter lactic acid bacteria (SLAB) used to make cheese. Whatever the final pH of the cheese is, is what determines the quality of the cheese. Unfortunately, there are some Cheddar cheese manufacturers that have observed pH variation during the early aging of their cheeses. We hypothesize that the addition of thermophilic, fast-acid producing bacteria, like Streptococcus thermophilus …

Student Library News - Late Fall 2025, Rit Libraries

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Prednisolone Ingestion And Acute Exercise On Lipocalin-2 And Its Variants In Young Men: A Pilot Randomised Crossover Study, Carlie Bauer, Rhiannon K. Patten, Qiyang Sun, Haoyun Li, Daniels Konja, Mary Woessner, Xuzhu Lin, Andrew Garnham, David L. Hare, Peter R. Ebeling, Marc Sim, Joshua R. Lewis, Yu Wang, Lewan Parker, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has three main variants; polyaminated (hLCN2) and non-polyaminated (C87A and R81E). The polyaminated form is proposed to positively influence energy control, whereas the non-polyaminated forms negatively impact energy control in mice. Glucocorticoids negatively affect glucose regulation and exercise has a positive effect. We hypothesise that glucocorticoids will suppress, while exercise will increase hLCN2, and decrease C87A and R81E, which will be associated with improved insulin sensitivity. In a randomised crossover design, nine young healthy men (aged 27.8 ± 4.9 years; BMI 24.4 ± 2.4 kg/m2) completed 30 min of high-intensity aerobic exercise (90–95% heart rate reserve) after glucocorticoid …

State Of Stroke Rehabilitation In Australia: A Who Stars Assessment To Identify Strengths And Gaps Across Policy, Practice And Funding, Lauren J. Christie, Erin Godecke, Maddison Smith, Katharine Scrivener, Kelvin Hill, Joosup Kim, Maria Crotty, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Angela Dos Santos, Natasha A. Lannin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose of Review: Rehabilitation following stroke is a complex series of assistive and catalytic interventions enabling a survivor to recover and adapt to their stroke. To achieve adaptation, rehabilitation should supplement healthcare across the continuum, however comprehensive evidence on the provision of stroke rehabilitation in Australia is lacking. The aim of this paper was to describe stroke rehabilitation provision, collecting data using the World Health Organisation (WHO) template for rehabilitation information collection (TRIC). Data were analysed descriptively to complete the Systematic Assessment of Rehabilitation Situation (STARS) assessment. Recent Findings: Challenges include inadequacies in reporting and poor data integration between state- …

Promises And Perils Of Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Narrative Review Informing Its Ethical And Practical Applications In Clinical Exercise Physiology, Oscar Lederman, Alessandro Llana, James Murray, Robert Stanton, Ritesh Chugh, Darren Haywood, Amanda Burdett, Geoff Warman, Joanne Walker, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming various sectors, including healthcare, offering both promising opportunities and notable risks. The infancy and rapid development of GenAI raises questions regarding its effective, safe, and ethical use by health professionals, including clinical exercise physiologists. This narrative review aims to explore existing interdisciplinary literature and summarise the ethical and practical considerations of integrating GenAI into clinical exercise physiology practice. Specifically, it examines the ‘promises’ of improved exercise programming and healthcare delivery, as well as the ‘perils’ related to data privacy, person-centred care, and equitable access. Recommendations for the responsible integration of GenAI in clinical exercise …

Feasibility Of A Co-Designed And Personalised Intervention To Improve Vegetable Intake In Rural-Dwelling Young Adults, Katherine Mary Livingstone, Jonathan C. Rawstorn, Stephanie R. Partridge, Yuxin Zhang, Eric O, Stephanie L. Godrich, Sarah A. Mcnaughton, Gilly A. Hendrie, Kathleen M. Dullaghan, Gavin Abbott, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Ralph Maddison, Scott Barnett, John C. Mathers, Laura Alston

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: This study determined the feasibility, acceptability, engagement and efficacy of a co-designed and personalised digital intervention to increase vegetable intake (Veg4Me) in young (18-to-35 years) rural-dwelling Australian adults. Methods: Participants living in rural Australia were recruited via local government networks and social media and randomised to receive 12-weeks’ access to personalised (intervention) or non-personalised (control) versions of the free Veg4Me web application. The intervention included: (1) personalised recipes, (2) geo-located food environment map, (3) healthy eating resources, (4) goal-setting portal, and (5) personalised e-newsletters. The primary outcome was feasibility (recruitment, participation, and retention rate). Secondary outcomes were user engagement, …