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The M-Clean Graph Of A Finite Commutative Ring, Susan F. El-Deken, Harald Fripertinger, Aya Gamal

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

We study m-clean graphs of finite commutative rings R, which are a generalization of clean graphs. Their vertices are pairs of m-potent elements and units of R. These graphs can be described as Cartesian sums or co-normal products of two graphs. In particular we explore under which conditions the subgraph involving only non-zero m-potent elements is connected and we determine the degrees of its vertices. Moreover, we characterize under which conditions on two rings the corresponding m-clean graphs are isomorphic.

Comment On Shamsaei Et Al. The Role Of Fuel Characteristics And Heat Release Formulations In Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Simulation. Fire 2023, 6, 264, Aurélien Costes, Adam K. Kochanski

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Accurate vertical distribution of fire-induced heat fluxes in the atmosphere is critical for realistic coupled fire–atmosphere simulations. In response to concerns raised by Shamsaei et al. (2023) regarding potential energy conservation issues in the WRF-SFIRE heat distribution scheme, this study first conducts a comprehensive theoretical analysis, demonstrating that the original exponential formulation exhibits negligible error under typical domain configurations. Then, it introduces a novel formulation, called the Versatile Energy-Conservative Distribution scheme, that rigorously guarantees energy conservation while providing enhanced flexibility in specifying vertical distribution profiles. The proposed method accommodates multiple profiles, including exponential, Gaussian, and gamma, and enables the independent …

Detection Of Ultra-Trace Levels Of Copper In Seawater Using A Bare Gold Microwire Electrode And A Portable Digital Voltammeter, Luke M. Brosnan, Wade Lonsdale, Paul Pringle, Paul Lewtas, Samantha Ridgway, Sebastien Allard, Magdalena Wajrak

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The accumulation of biomass on ship hulls (biofouling) can greatly decrease their fuel efficiency. Many antifouling coatings contain copper as a biocidal agent, which can be released during hull cleanings and is of particular concern when cleaning the hulls in situ (i.e., without dry docking). Previously established voltammetric methods for the detection of copper in seawater using a gold microwire electrode have been modified and adapted to a portable on-site voltammetric technique. Notable differences from previous voltammetric methods include the use of linear sweep voltammetry, analysis under atmospheric conditions, alternating the potential during the deposition period and the use of …

Identifying Research Priorities For Post-Collision Care In The United Kingdom: Protocol For A Road Injury Priority Setting Partnership, Tim Nutbeam, Caroline Leech, Claire E Baker, Elizabeth Box, Lauren R Rodgers, Kerry Dungay, Louise Johnson, Brian Lee, Marilyn Macqueen, Rob Fenwick, Ian Marritt, Ian Dunbar, Ed B.G. Barnard

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Road traffic injury remains a significant global health challenge, causing over 1.2 million deaths and tens of millions of non-fatal injuries each year. In the United Kingdom (UK), more than 1,600 people died and nearly 30,000 sustained serious injuries on the roads in 2024. While improvements in vehicle design, road infrastructure, emergency response, and road user behaviour have contributed to a sustained reduction in road deaths over recent decades, outcomes for those injured remain variable, and post-collision care has received comparatively less research attention. The Road Injury Chain of Survival framework identifies five interdependent stages where timely, coordinated interventions …

Caster V. Chelsea Hotel Owner, Llc

All Decisions

The Supreme Court granted the landlord's motion for summary judgment, dismissing the tenant's complaint. The tenant sued for breach of contract, seeking a leasehold in an adjacent unit, and for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Both claims were dismissed due to the tenant's lack of evidentiary proof and the duplicative nature of the covenant claim. The tenant's harassment claim, based on alleged failure to repair and service disruptions, was barred by res judicata and collateral estoppel, as these issues were fully litigated as an affirmative defense in a prior non-payment action. The harassment claim …

Communication Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers' Adoption Of Climate Change Adaptation Measures In Kenya’S Embu County, Olive Wanjiru Ndwiga, Dominic Mutambu, Daniel Manguriu, Monicah Mucheru-Muna

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Climate change in Kenya has severely impacted the agricultural sector, affecting food security. It is crucial to enhance farmers’ adaptive capacity to cope with these threats. Effective communication of climate variation risks and coping measures is essential to improve farmers' adaptive capacity. Nevertheless, the adoption of adaptation measures remains low. This is because the influence of communication factors remains underexplored. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the communication factors affecting the adoption of climate variation adaptation measures in Embu County. The study was conducted in 2023 and 2024 and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The …

The Concise Guide To Pharmacology 2025/26: Catalytic Receptors, Stephen P. H. Alexander, Doriano Fabbro, Chloe J. Peach, Alasdair J. Gibb, Eamonn Kelly, Alistair A. Mathie, Emma L. Veale, Jane F. Armstrong, Elena Faccenda, Simon D. Harding, Christopher Southan, Jamie A. Davies, Annie Beuve, Peter Brouckaert, Clare Bryant, John C. Burnett, Richard W. Farndale, Andreas Friebe, John Garthwaite, Adrian J. Hobbs, Gavin E. Jarvis, Laura Kilpatrick, Doris Koesling, Michaela Kuhn, Birgit Leitinger, David Macewan, Tom P. Monie, Lincoln R. Potter, Michael Russwurm, Harald H. H. W. Schmidt, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Scott A. Waldman

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2025/26 marks the seventh edition in this series of biennial publications in the British Journal of Pharmacology. Presented in landscape format, the guide provides a comparative overview of the pharmacology of drug target families. The concise nature of the Concise Guide refers to the style of presentation, being clear, accessible, and well-structured, rather than the scope of the content, which spans approximately 500 pages. The Concise Guide summarises the key pharmacological properties of around 1900 human drug targets, and nearly 7000 interactions, involving around 4400 ligands. While the content is a substantially condensed version of …

Limited Therapeutic Efficacy Of N-Acetyl-L-Leucine In A Mouse Model Of Cln1 Disease, Ewa A Ziółkowska, Nicole A Pagán Torres, Hsintsung Chen, Letitia L Williams, Elizabeth M Eultgen, Agnieszka Nowacka, Joshua T Dearborn, Hemanth R Nelvagal, Ineka T Whiteman, Frances M Platt, Jonathan D Cooper

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: CLN1 disease, one of the most severe forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCLs or Batten disease), is a rapidly progressing pediatric neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-32984-x.

Food Safety Concerns: A Review On Pathogenic Microbes Associated With Common Edible Insects, Anitha Philbert

Tanzania Journal of Science

This review explored the pathogenic microbes associated with common edible insects. With rising human populations and fluctuating food supplies, edible insects offer a rich source of protein, vitamins, and minerals and are culturally accepted in many regions. Despite their nutritional benefits, knowledge on microbial hazards associated with edible insects is fragmented. The review focuses on commonly consumed species, including Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio, Acheta domesticus, Gryllus bimaculatus, Locusta migratoria, Ruspolia differens, Bombix mori, Bunaea alcinoe, and Oryctes monoceros. A total of 43 pathogenic bacteria and 20 pathogenic fungi linked to these edible insect species were identified. The most frequently reported …

Geochemical Fingerprinting Of Tanzanian Uranium Deposits: The Insights Of Ree Ratios (La/Ce, Nd/Ce, And Sm/Nd) As A Provenance Tool, Lazaro H. Meza, John W. Kondoro, Iyabo T. Usman, Najat K. Mohammed, Titus A. Msagati, Mwingereza John Kumwenda, Mohamed S. Mazunga

Tanzania Journal of Science

Accurate uranium provenance determination is crucial for nuclear non-proliferation and environmental protection, yet a forensic-level geochemical framework for Tanzanian uranium deposits has been lacking. This study establishes a robust analytical method using forty-five samples from three major deposits (Mkuju, Manyoni, and Bahi), analyzing elemental compositions, particularly Rare Earth Elements (REEs), via ICP-MS, and validating results using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). Despite their proximity, the deposits exhibit distinct geochemical signatures as revealed by key REE ratios and anomalies. Mkuju (mean La/Ce 1.17, Nd/Ce 0.62, Sm/Nd 0.56) is characterized by a positive Europium (Eu) anomaly and heavy …

Short- Term Effects Of Cypermethrin Pesticide On Nutrient Levels And Microbial Communities In Tropical Soil Of Uganda, Mama N. Simon

Tanzania Journal of Science

Cypermethrin is an insecticide widely used by farmers in Uganda to control pests and diseases. The widespread use leads to biomagnification, affecting humans and the ecosystem. This study examined the short-term effects of cypermethrin on soil macronutrients (N, P, K), meso-nutrients (Ca, Mg), and microbial communities (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) in tropical Ugandan soils. Soil samples treated with cypermethrin and control were collected and analysed using standard methods of flame photometry for potassium (K), atomic absorption spectroscopy for calcium and magnesium, Wet-acid oxidation for nitrogen and phosphorus, and standard plate count techniques for microbial populations. The study used a Randomized …

Meta-Alignment Directive And Capability Card Architecture For Governance And Configuration Of Ai Systems, Fulton D. Bridwell

Defensive Publications Series

Disclosed is a system and method for configuring and governing artificial intelligence systems using a meta-alignment directive and a plurality of modular capability cards. Each capability card comprises explicitly defined axioms representing non-violable behavioral constraints, primitives representing typed state variables exposed to reasoning, and formulas representing permitted reasoning transformations constrained by said axioms. The meta-alignment directive provides inherited system-level constraints, interpretation rules, and objective dynamics applicable across capability cards. Capability cards may be bundled, selected, and activated to configure AI systems for distinct operational roles in a model-agnostic and platform-agnostic manner. The disclosure establishes structural prior art for modular AI …

Utilization Review Pada Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Implementasi, Tantangan Dan Komponen Essensial, Luh Putu Sinthya Ulandari, Putu Ayu Indrayathi

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Indonesia has implemented the National Health Insurance (JKN) program since 2014; however, various forms of fraud continue to be found. According to regulations, BPJS Kesehatan, as the national social security agency, is required to conduct Utilization Review (UR) as an effort to control costs and improve the quality of healthcare services. The effectiveness of UR remains questionable due to several implementation challenges. This study aims to explore the implementation of UR, identify its challenges, and examine the essential components required for its effective implementation. The study was conducted in August 2023 using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews. Samples were …

Feline Conjunctivitis In Sleman Region Indonesia: Clinical Characteristics, Bacteriological Isolation Of Staphylococcus Aureus, And Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Agung Budi Pramono, Fatkhanudin Aziz, Faiz Ihsanul Kamil, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto, Ida Tjahajati

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Conjunctivitis is a common ocular condition in domestic cats, often associated with Staphylococcus aureus. Accurate detection and resistance profiling are essential for appropriate therapy. This study aimed to characterize clinical features of feline conjunctivitis, identify S. aureus using phenotypic and genotypic methods, and assess its antibiotic susceptibility. Twenty conjunctivitis-suspected cats in Sleman, Indonesia, underwent clinical examination and conjunctival swabbing. Bacterial isolates were cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar and identified by Gram stain, catalase, coagulase, biochemical tests, and PCR targeting 23S rRNA. Susceptibility to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin was tested by Kirby-Bauer. Predominant signs included excessive tearing (95%), hyperemia …

Decolonizing Knowledge As Epistemic Justice: Key Conceptual Tendencies From The Global South, Richard Sambaiga

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The project of decolonising knowledge has gained renewed prominence as scholars confront enduring epistemic injustices and structural inequalities embedded in global systems of knowledge production. Situated within long-standing anticolonial and postcolonial intellectual struggles, this article interrogates key conceptual dilemmas that continue to shape contemporary debates on decoloniality. Adopting a commentary orientation, it examines what it means to decolonise knowledge by engaging the historical foundations of decolonial thought alongside contemporary critiques that expose the persistence of epistemic hierarchies within modern academic institutions. The article argues that, without conceptual clarity, the decolonial project risks becoming analytically misguided and politically misdirected, potentially reproducing …

Theorizing ‘Magwangala’ As An Unorthodox Livelihood In Geita, Tanzania, Albert Tibaijuka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The increasing contestation of Magwangala as a livelihood in Geita, Tanzania, invokes a scholarly desire to further the constitution of the term beyond its traditional constructs. Following the present framing of magwangala as a disruptive, hazardous, contentious, and risky engagement; including the sanctions against it and the disparaging remarks upsurging the oppression of its actors, an attempt to advance its comprehension is of paramount importance. Given the nature of Magwangala business and the evident ramifications, its contestation is inevitable and unlikely to yield a uniform understanding. This paper, therefore, draws from the grueling life experiences endured by magwangala dealers in …

The Mwanza Declaration: Magufuli, Street Vendors And The Right To The City In Tanzania, Sabatho Nyamsenda, Ng’Wanza Kamata

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This article seeks to understand the continuity and change in relations between the state and street vendors under the late President of Tanzania, John Pombe Magufuli (November 2015–March 2021). Focusing on the concessions made by the state to street vendors under the Magufuli regime, the article diverts from the standard characterisation of such gains as an expedient gift from an authoritarian leader to conceptualising them as a product of street vendors’ struggles against eviction from the city centre. It examines the key tenets of the Mwanza Declaration on the Right to the City as well as the contestations around its …

Patient And Systemic Barriers To Cancer Care: Implications For Delayed Prostate Cancer Detection In Tanzania, Jane Senga John

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men in Tanzania, with most cases diagnosed at advanced stages. This study explores the interplay of patient-level and systemic barriers that contribute to delayed prostate cancer detection within a tertiary hospital context. Conducted at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, the research employed in-depth interviews with 25 purposefully selected participants, including patients, oncologists, spouses and traditional healers. Thematic analysis was used and guided by Paul Farmer’s structural violence model and Courtenay’s theory of gender and health to interpret how cultural, economic, and structural factors shape health-seeking behaviours. Findings reveal that delays …

Influence Of Household Characteristics And Incident Setting On Child Abuse Cases In Shinyanga Region., Amani Mapamba

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study investigates the influence of household characteristics and incident settings on child abuse cases in Shinyanga Region, Tanzania. Grounded in Rational Choice Theory, the study assumes that perpetrators make calculated decisions influenced by household structure and contextual settings. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, cross sectional secondary data were collected from 401 reported child abuse cases at Shinyanga Regional Referral Hospital between July 2020 and April 2023. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive influence of variables such as relationship to household head, history of abuse in the household, perpetrator identity, and location of the incident. Findings revealed …

Effects Of Corporal Punishments On Students’ Learning: A Case Of Selected Secondary Schools In Tanzania., Adenias Ishabisa

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The paper presents the practice of corporal punishment on students’ learning in Tanzania secondary schools. Specifically, the study examine how corporal punishment affects students’ learning. The study adopted a qualitative research approach with multiple embedded case study design. Data were collected from 76 participants selected purposefully from Morogoro Municipal, Mvomero District, Sumbawanga Municipal, and Nkasi District. The participants were students, teachers, Regional Educational Officers, District Secondary Educational Officers, and school board members. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation, and documentary reviews were applied to collect data while thematic analysis was used to address the research question. The findings revealed that …

Pressure Field Estimation From 2d-Piv Measurements: A Case Study Of Fish Suction-Feeding, Jensine C. Coggin, Duvall Dickerson-Evans, Erin E. Hackett, Roi Gurka

Physics and Engineering Science

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) flow measurements are common practice in laboratory settings in a wide variety of fields involving fluid dynamics, including biology, physics, engineering, and medicine. Dynamic fluid pressure is a notoriously difficult property to measure non-intrusively, yet its variation is a driving flow force and critical to model correctly. Techniques have been developed to estimate the pressure from velocity and velocity gradient measurements. Here, we highlight a novel application of boundary conditions when applying such pressure estimation techniques based on two-dimensional PIV data; the novel method is especially relevant to problems with complex boundary conditions. As such, it …

Parameter Identification Of A Pi Controller For A Wind Energy Conversion System Based On Dfig, Mariam Hesham, Dina S. M. Osheba, Mahmoud M. Khater

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In this work, three methods are proposed to identify parameters of PI controllers used for wind energy conversion systems based on DFIG. Mathematical model of generator and grid side system is depicted. Three tuning methods; bode-plot, pole-placement, and MATLAB tuner are used for grid side and rotor side converter controllers’ design. Wind turbine system with PI controller parameters obtained using the mentioned method is investigated via MATLAB/SIMULINK under three different scenarios. The wind system is subjected to step wind speed change, random wind speed, and sever symmetrical voltage dip in the grid. The handled comparison illustrates that the pole-placement tuning …

Current Trends In Industrial Gas Furnace Control And Monitoring Systems, Utkir Uktam O'Gli Kholmanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This paper presents a critical review of modern control methods applied to industrial gas-fired furnaces. Conventional PID controllers and their advanced modifications, including Advanced Process Control (APC) and cascade control schemes, are analyzed alongside Model Predictive Control (MPC) approaches. In addition, intelligent control algorithms—such as fuzzy logic and neuro-fuzzy systems (Fuzzy, ANFIS)—are examined. The study also considers advanced sensing technologies, including Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), acoustic pyrometry, and infrared pyrometers, as well as digital twins and CFD-based modeling techniques. Particular attention is given to a comparative evaluation of control strategies based on key performance criteria, including energy efficiency, …

Mechanical Improvements And Control Implementation On A Biomimetic Quadruped Model, Matthew Jack Lutz

Dissertations and Theses

Robotic development started billions of years after earth first began biological prototyping. While the evolutionary process in animals is quite different from robotic prototyping, it still remains no surprise that animals remain more agile, more efficient, and more adaptable than even the most advanced engineered robots to date, simply due to the sheer length of their improvement process. While bridging this improvement gap between deficits in robots and the abilities of animals is difficult, a specific subfield of robotics engineering has attempted to do so using biomimetic robotics. At Portland State, the Agile and Adaptive Robotics Lab (AARL) studies these …

Using Machine Learning To Predict Women At Risk Having A Child With Congenital Heart Defects, Amany M. Abdo Prof., Asmaa M. Mosallam Ms., Laila M. Abdelhamid Assoc.Prof.

Information Systems

Congenital heart defects (CHD) are heart malformations present at birth, affecting heart function and circulation, and are a leading cause of infant mortality. CHD can result from genetic, environmental, and maternal health factors, making early detection essential. Early diagnosis allows for timely intervention, reducing risks like heart failure or stroke. In countries like Egypt, CHD often remains undiagnosed due to limited healthcare resources. Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve early detection by analyzing risk factors. This study presents a predictive model for CHD using maternal and paternal health factors. Data was collected from 571 families: 260 with a CHD-affected child and …

Interdisciplinary Full-Mouth Rehabilitation Addressing Midline Shift And Gingival Discrepancies Through Crown Lengthening And Root Reshaping Procedures: A Case Report, Ghida Lawand, Roudy Khayat, Stephanie Khalaf, Tamara Rebeiz, Hani Tohme

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

This report describes a minimally invasive approach to address midline deviation and gingival discrepancies in a 50-year-old patient seeking rapid aesthetic results. Treatment included prosthetic crown lengthening, selective root modification, and biologic shaping to correct a 3 mm midline shift. Digital smile design and CAD/CAM technology guided the fabrication of zirconia restorations, achieving improved midline alignment, gingival harmony, and smile aesthetics with high patient satisfaction. This technique provides an efficient alternative for complex aesthetic cases.

Regenerative And Wellness Medicine: A Boon Or Barrier To Surgical Innovation In Degenerative Spine Care?, Álvaro Dowling, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Morgan P. Lorio, Óscar L. Alves, Rossano Kepler Alvim Fiorelli, Sergio Luis Schmidt, Hansen A. Yuan, Alexander R. Vaccaro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Regenerative and wellness medicine is rapidly reshaping health care, particularly in the management of degenerative spine conditions. Noninvasive or minimally invasive options such as stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, and holistic wellness programs are increasingly selected by patients who wish to avoid the risks, costs, and prolonged recovery associated with elective spine surgery.

PURPOSE: This perspective article examines whether regenerative and wellness approaches function primarily as a boon or a barrier to innovation in spine surgery and explores their impact on traditional, insurance-based surgical care models.

METHODS: Using a narrative, opinion-based framework, this article synthesizes current trends …

Exploring Math Word Problem Generation With Llms, Trung Hieu Vuong

Master's Theses

Math Word Problem (MWP) is an important building block for learning math. This type of problem is particularly useful for younger audiences because solving it involves two simultaneous skill sets: reading comprehension and mathematical reasoning. With publicly available large language models (LLMs), generating additional MWPs is readily achievable. While researchers have started using LLMs as MWP facilitators, there still exists a gap in studies about the diversity of MWPs generated by unmodified, publicly accessible LLMs. For that reason, our study focused on two goals: (1) to evaluate the diversity of MWPs generated by publicly available LLMs when provided with examples …

Radiographic Assessment Of Anterior Maxillary Sites Prior To Immediate Implant Placement: A Retrospective Study On Cbct, Elissa El Alam, Abdallah Menhall, Nabil Ghosn, Pierre Lahoud

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective radiographic study was to measure alveolar bone width at the alveolar crest, intraosseous root length, apical bucco-palatal bone thickness and apical bone height at the anterior maxillary teeth prior to immediate implant placement. Dehiscence and fenestration at these sites were also reported.

Methods: 50 CBCTs were included in this study. Measurements were taken on the right and left sides of the central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine using a 3d slicer program. Frequency of fenestration and dehiscence at these sites were also reported.

Results: Mean bone width at the alveolar crest of the central …

The Assessment Of Ageism In Dental Hygiene Students And Dental Hygienists: A Cross-Sectional Study, Paolo Boffano, Elena Canciani, Valeria Nikolovska, Francesca Santeusanio, Andrea Melle

International Arab Journal of Dentistry

Objectives: Ageism is a common type of discrimination and prejudice that consists in the stereotyping and discrimination against individuals or groups on the basis of their age.The purpose of this study was to assess dental hygienists and dental hygiene students’ attitudes toward geriatric patients, the perceptions of curriculum suitability, and their confidence in treating geriatric patients, together with an assessment of ageism in the study population.

Methods: A survey was conducted among dental hygienists and dental hygiene students. The first part of the questionnaire contained questions related to demographics, and regarding their opinion on treatment in the geriatric population. The …