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The Effect Of Eichhornia Crassipes Biodiesel/Lpg Dual-Fuel On Performance And Emissions In A Single-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine, Hawraa Mohammed, Mahmoud Mashkour Mar 2026

The Effect Of Eichhornia Crassipes Biodiesel/Lpg Dual-Fuel On Performance And Emissions In A Single-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine, Hawraa Mohammed, Mahmoud Mashkour

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the effects of Eichhornia Crassipes Biodiesel (ECB) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) dual-fuel on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions characteristics. A four-stroke, single-cylinder and water-cooled diesel engine was used. The engine was operated with pure Iraqi diesel (PID) as a reference fuel, 40% ECB-60% PID, and duel fuel mode (DFM) (40% ECB-60% PID-2.4 l/min LPG). The experimental testing was carried out at 1500 rpm constant engine speed, compression ratio 18, and time injection 23° bTDC under various load conditions (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) full load. Using a gas analyzer, the engine emissions, including carbon dioxide …

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The Effect Of Rectangular Grooves On The Lubrication Mechanism In An Inclined Slider Bearing, Muhannad M.Mrah, Ammar S.Hamid Merza Mar 2026

The Effect Of Rectangular Grooves On The Lubrication Mechanism In An Inclined Slider Bearing, Muhannad M.Mrah, Ammar S.Hamid Merza

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research aims to study the effect of rectangular grooves on the lubrication mechanism in an inclined slider bearing. Reynolds' equation was used in the theory part to calculate the pressure gradient in a one-dimensional fluid film. The tilted sliding bearing compared the practical results, where the researcher manufactured and developed the device by adding pressure sensors along with the pad. These sensors will give accurate readings because they will read the pressure directly from the bottom of the pads without manometer tubes. Four pads were manufactured, one without grooves and three with rectangular grooves, varying slot widths (3, 5, …

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Experimental Study Convection Heat Transfer Inside The Triangular Duct Filled With Porous Media, Sabah Mahdi, Suhad Rasheed Mar 2026

Experimental Study Convection Heat Transfer Inside The Triangular Duct Filled With Porous Media, Sabah Mahdi, Suhad Rasheed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Convection heat transfer inside an empty triangular channel when filled with porous media heated proportionally with a constant heat flux (1300 W/m²) at the Reynolds number range (3165- 10910) with packed beds has been studied. The present work investigates porous media experimentally. The packed duct has a length (1 m) and (0.1 m) hydraulic diameter packed with porous material made from spherical glass particles of two different diameters (5 mm, and 10 mm). The value of porosity for the channel is (0.468,0.616 and), respectively. This research studies the effect of changing the Reynolds number and porosity on the enhanced heat …

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Thermoelectric Generators As A Heat Recovery System For Exhaust Gases Of Vehicles Driving At Low Speeds, A. Al-Janabi, O. Al Salmi, E. Al Subhi, A. Al Hadhrami Mar 2026

Thermoelectric Generators As A Heat Recovery System For Exhaust Gases Of Vehicles Driving At Low Speeds, A. Al-Janabi, O. Al Salmi, E. Al Subhi, A. Al Hadhrami

Engineering and Technology Journal

To save the environment and utilize the waste heat associated with exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, it is crucial to design an efficient system that can recover this heat loss and convert it into useful energy. This study is devoted to developing, through an experimental approach, a practical technical solution to minimize the waste heat of the exhaust gases and convert it into a source of power for further applications in the vehicle. Six thermoelectric generators (TEG1-1263-4.3) were attached to the exhaust pipe in an arrangement of three connected in parallel and three connected in series. The thermoelectric generators …

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Omnidirectional Mobil Robot With Navigation Using Slam, Hiba Najim, Iman Kareem, Wisam Abdul-Lateef Mar 2026

Omnidirectional Mobil Robot With Navigation Using Slam, Hiba Najim, Iman Kareem, Wisam Abdul-Lateef

Engineering and Technology Journal

As mobile robots have become widespread in indoor environments with narrow and crowded corridors, such as institutions, the demand for mobile robots has recently increased, especially for service purposes (homes, hospitals, and nursing homes for the elderly). The most important factor of autonomous navigation is the mobile robot's awareness of its surroundings, with the robot's ability to move from one place to another smoothly and safely in terms of avoiding obstacles. In this paper, a mobile robot with multi-directional wheels was designed to work in indoor environments and narrow corridors. SLAM was used to map the environment in which the …

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Thermal Performance Of A Counter-Flow Double-Pass Solar Air Heater With The Steady And Pulsating Flow, Nassr Hussein, Sabah Ahmed, Ali Ekaid Mar 2026

Thermal Performance Of A Counter-Flow Double-Pass Solar Air Heater With The Steady And Pulsating Flow, Nassr Hussein, Sabah Ahmed, Ali Ekaid

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work studied the influence of pulsating flow as an active method on the thermal performance of a double-pass solar air heater with a tubular solar absorber. A ball valve has been used as a pulse generator mounted at the downstream flow of the solar air heater. The experiments were under indoor conditions with a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m2, and different air mass flow rates ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 kg/s. Moreover, the study covered three pulsation frequencies varied from 1 to 3 Hz. Based on the experimental outcomes, it can be observed that the heat transfer …

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Investigation Of Offshore Wind Turbine Structure Deflection Using Experimental Work, Numerical, And Theoretical Approach, Hayder Ali, Hassan M. Alwan, Israa Al-Esbe, Kochneva V Mar 2026

Investigation Of Offshore Wind Turbine Structure Deflection Using Experimental Work, Numerical, And Theoretical Approach, Hayder Ali, Hassan M. Alwan, Israa Al-Esbe, Kochneva V

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical energy from offshore wind turbines is an important source of clean, renewable energy production. One of the reasons for the low efficiency of wind turbines is the change in the flow angle of attack, denoted by the symbol (α), as a result of the deflection of the structure. The study aims to know the values of the maximum deflection of the proposed structure under the environmental conditions of the Arabian Gulf water area. Our research adopted a novel approach to extracting results; the characteristics of sea waves were extracted from the experimental work after fixing five sea waves, knowing …

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Numerical Simulation Of Powering Turbofan Propulsion Aircraft With Electricity, Thomas Onah, Christian Aka, Bethrand Nwankwojike Mar 2026

Numerical Simulation Of Powering Turbofan Propulsion Aircraft With Electricity, Thomas Onah, Christian Aka, Bethrand Nwankwojike

Engineering and Technology Journal

The gas turbine-based propulsion systems were responsible for the emission of pollutants that damage the ecosphere. Commercial aviation represented a large portion of carbon emissions within the aviation industry, so this study focused on novel aircraft propulsion systems for large commercial aircraft. Electric propulsion was considered to be an alternative to conventional propulsion systems. Therefore, this report analyzed the various electric aircraft concepts within the aerospace industry to see whether they have environmental benefits. A flying wing aircraft was compared to a conventional tube-and-wing aircraft using Computational Fluid Dynamics to determine which aircraft requires more power. The lift forces acting …

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Determination Of Impingement Cooling Fluid Temperature-Time Profile For Extracted Tiger-Nut Juice (Cyperus Esculentus) By Lumped Thermal Mass Analysis, Nwankwo, Azubuike, Onah Okechukwu, Egwuagu Onyekachi Mar 2026

Determination Of Impingement Cooling Fluid Temperature-Time Profile For Extracted Tiger-Nut Juice (Cyperus Esculentus) By Lumped Thermal Mass Analysis, Nwankwo, Azubuike, Onah Okechukwu, Egwuagu Onyekachi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Determination of Temperature-Time Profile by the Lumped thermal mass analysis (LTMA) method using Tiger-Nut Juice as the impinging fluid on the cooling system was carried out. With a stationary hot steel plate on a modified run-out table for the top surface controlled the accelerated cooling process. This was evaluated with pipe diameters of 10mm, 15mm, 30mm, 35mm, and 40mm by single jet Tiger-Nut Juice impinging fluid, impingement gaps of 115mm, 125mm, 135mm, 145mm, and 155mm, initial surface temperatures from 450oC – 410oC and at sub-cooled temperatures from 150oC–110oC. The analysis reveals a faster cooling rate for both diameters at an …

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Effects Of Magnetic Field On The Performance Of Solar Distillers: A Review Study, Karrar A. Hammoodi, Hayder Dhahad, Wissam H. ِAlawee, Z.M. Omara, Fadl Essa, A.S. Abdullah, M Amro Mar 2026

Effects Of Magnetic Field On The Performance Of Solar Distillers: A Review Study, Karrar A. Hammoodi, Hayder Dhahad, Wissam H. ِAlawee, Z.M. Omara, Fadl Essa, A.S. Abdullah, M Amro

Engineering and Technology Journal

Due to the rising demand for treated water, the enhancement of potable water yield technologies, such as traditional solar distillers, is a pressing concern. Solar desalination is one of the easiest techniques for producing fresh water from salt water. It has several benefits, not the least. It utilizes free solar energy. Moreover, it is a simple and inexpensive technique compared to other alternatives. They are, nevertheless, relatively inefficient devices. Many studies have been done to boost the daily output of solar stills by using many active strategies to produce a large amount of evaporation and condensation compared to a basic …

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Optimization Process Of Double Spots Welding Of High Strength Steel Using In The Automotive Industry, Hayder Khaleel, Ibtihal Mahmood, Fuad Khoshnaw Mar 2026

Optimization Process Of Double Spots Welding Of High Strength Steel Using In The Automotive Industry, Hayder Khaleel, Ibtihal Mahmood, Fuad Khoshnaw

Engineering and Technology Journal

Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) is one of the most important welding techniques used in the automotive industry because it is an economic process and is suitable for many materials. Many parameters affect the mechanical and microstructural properties of nugget formation and its strength, like welding current, electrode force, and welding time. Therefore, optimizing the RSW process to get the optimum welding parameters is necessary for automobile manufacturing companies. High-strength steel is widely used in the automotive industry because of its superior characteristics such as high strength-weight ratio, ductility, fatigue, and corrosion resistance. This paper presents an optimization process for RSW …

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Dynamic Response Analysis Of The Rotor Using The Jeffcott Method And Performance Improvement Using Active Magnetic Bearing, Karrar Tuaib, Qasim Atiyah, Imad Abdulsahib Mar 2026

Dynamic Response Analysis Of The Rotor Using The Jeffcott Method And Performance Improvement Using Active Magnetic Bearing, Karrar Tuaib, Qasim Atiyah, Imad Abdulsahib

Engineering and Technology Journal

The most common component of mechanical systems today is rotating machines. In these systems, vibration is caused by rotating components. As a result, to decrease the amplitude of vibrations created by rotating equipment, it’s required to understand the behavior of the system. In this work, the problem of vibrations in conventional bearing systems and the effect of adding active magnetic bearings to rotating machines to reduce the amplitude of vibrations are discussed. In this paper, the vibrations in the rotary bearing system were studied theoretically and analytically by using simulation programs to calculate the natural frequencies and parameters affecting the …

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Bearings Health Monitoring Based On Frequency-Domain Vibration Signals Analysis, Saja Jawad, Alaa Jaber Mar 2026

Bearings Health Monitoring Based On Frequency-Domain Vibration Signals Analysis, Saja Jawad, Alaa Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

Rotating machine health monitoring is critical for system safety, cost savings, and increased reliability. The need for a simple and accurate fault diagnosis method has led to the development of various monitoring techniques. They incorporate vibration, motor’s current signature, and acoustic emission signals analysis in condition monitoring. So, based on using vibration signal analysis, a test rig was built for bearing fault identification. The test rig replicates and investigates various bearing problems, such as those found in the inner and outer races. An accelerometer, type ADXL335, was interfaced to a data acquisition device (DAQ USB-6215) for collecting vibration signals under …

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A Comparative Study Between Two Lubrication Nano-Additives (Bi2o3 & Tio2) Based On Vibration Response Analysis, Sarah Jaffar, Wafa Soud, Ihsan Baqer Mar 2026

A Comparative Study Between Two Lubrication Nano-Additives (Bi2o3 & Tio2) Based On Vibration Response Analysis, Sarah Jaffar, Wafa Soud, Ihsan Baqer

Engineering and Technology Journal

The purpose of this paper is to present a vibration monitoring analysis of a hydrodynamic journal bearing working with nano-additives lubricants.The vibration response is generated on bearings at various rotational speeds and dynamic load conditions.These bearings were tested experimentally by adding two types of nano additives; Bismuth (3) oxide (Bi2O3), which is considered a green, nontoxic metal, as well as a new additive, and nano Titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is moderately toxic, with SN150 base oil.The performance of additives was studied on the base oil. The comparisons between the two nano-additives Bi2O3 with (1, 2, and 4 wt. %) and …

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Study The Performance Of A Novel Desiccant Heat Exchanger, Hind Taresh, Amar Abdul-Zahra, Ahmed Saleh Mar 2026

Study The Performance Of A Novel Desiccant Heat Exchanger, Hind Taresh, Amar Abdul-Zahra, Ahmed Saleh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Conserving energy and reducing emissions has become a global consensus. However, most air conditioning systems are highly energy-consuming, affecting global warming and the ozone layer because they use chlorine and fluorine refrigerating fluids. Evaporative cooling systems are one of the most important environmentally friendly air conditioning systems with low energy consumption. However, their performance is negatively affected by the high humidity of the inlet air. One of the solutions to control the relative humidity of the inlet air is using desiccant material. In this paper, a silica gel-coated heat exchanger was designed and constructed as a dehumidifying unit. The effect …

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Modal Analysis Of Specific Composite Sandwich Structures, Mustafa Al-Khazraji, Sadeq Bakhy, Muhsin Jweeg Mar 2026

Modal Analysis Of Specific Composite Sandwich Structures, Mustafa Al-Khazraji, Sadeq Bakhy, Muhsin Jweeg

Engineering and Technology Journal

Composite sandwich structures are gaining attention due to their inherent properties, such as lightweight, low density, and high strength. The forced vibration response of these structures was studied experimentally to investigate the effects of external loads on these structures. In this work, four composite sandwich structures were manufactured using carbon fiber, glass fibers, and foam and tested on a specially designed vibration test rig by hitting the specimen with an impact hammer. The response was recorded by an accelerometer attached to the specimens. The accelerometer signal was amplified, and the input and output signals were transferred to LABVIEW via a …

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Heat Pipe Thermal Performance Analysis By Using Different Working Fluids, Ali Soud, Qusay Abdul Ghafoor, Akeel Nazzal Mar 2026

Heat Pipe Thermal Performance Analysis By Using Different Working Fluids, Ali Soud, Qusay Abdul Ghafoor, Akeel Nazzal

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigated the thermal performance of the heat pipe and conducted on the effects of working fluids with wick and vertical position. The experiments were conducted using a copper heat pipe with ) a 20.8( mm inner diameter, and the length of the evaporator, the condenser, and the adiabatic regions were 300 mm, 350 mm, and 300 mm, respectively. The working fluids selected were water, Methanol, Ethanol, and different binary mixtures (50: 50) %, (30: 70) %, and (70: 30) % mixing ratios. The filling ratio for all working fluids remained constant with the value of  50% of the …

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Epoxy-Nanoceramic Composites For 5g Antennas, Hasanain Altalebi, Alaa Atiyah, Saad Farid Mar 2026

Epoxy-Nanoceramic Composites For 5g Antennas, Hasanain Altalebi, Alaa Atiyah, Saad Farid

Engineering and Technology Journal

Epoxy–nanoceramic composites of BiVO4 (BVO), LaNbO4 (LNO), and Li6Mg7Ti3O16 (LMT) were prepared using the solvent mixing method. The ceramic nano-fillers volume fractions were (5, 8, 10, and 12%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) were used to investigate the crystal structure and size distribution of nanoceramics, respectively. The dielectric constant and loss tangent were measured in the frequency range of (4-8) GHz. The measurement technique was the waveguide approach via a Vector Network analyzer (VNA). The effect of the volume fraction of ceramic fillers on the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the composites at 5.28 GHz (5G) …

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Supplier Ranking In Dental Sector Using Integrated Fuzzy (Ahp-Topsis), Asma Mohammed Ali, Allaeldin Kassam Mar 2026

Supplier Ranking In Dental Sector Using Integrated Fuzzy (Ahp-Topsis), Asma Mohammed Ali, Allaeldin Kassam

Engineering and Technology Journal

Choosing a suitable supplier of materials and equipment in the healthcare sector is essential because it directly affects the patient's health and the organization's effectiveness and quality of services. Moreover, studies on supplier ranking are few in the field of health, particularly in the dental sector. For this purpose, an integrated fuzzy (AHP-TOPSIS) model has been developed for supplier ranking in the dental sector. The F-AHP is used to evaluate the importance of criteria, and then the F-TOPSIS method is applied to the supplier ranking process. A real case study is conducted on dental composite filling suppliers. Six evaluation criteria …

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Investigation Of Compression And Hardness For Uhmwpe Bio-Composites As Internal Bone Plate Fixation, Tamara Kadhim, Jawad Oleiwi, Qahtan Hamad Mar 2026

Investigation Of Compression And Hardness For Uhmwpe Bio-Composites As Internal Bone Plate Fixation, Tamara Kadhim, Jawad Oleiwi, Qahtan Hamad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Bone plates are essential for bone fracture healing because they modify the biomechanical microenvironment at the fracture site to provide the necessary mechanical fixation for fracture fragments. This paper addresses the use of composite bone plates in healing long-bone fractures such as transverse fractures of the femur. However, stress shielding in the bone due to metal plates can be reduced by designing implants with Bio-composites that involve Ultra high molecular polyethylene reinforced (UHMWPE) with Nano hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and Nano titanium dioxide (n-TiO2) particles at different weight fraction (0,1.5,2.5,3.5and 4. 5%) and 5% of carbon and Kevlar fibers. FRIT spectrum was …

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Improving Fatigue Corrosion Resistance Of Turbine Blades Using Laser Processing, Zaman Abdulwahab, Sami Jafar, Sami Ajeel Mar 2026

Improving Fatigue Corrosion Resistance Of Turbine Blades Using Laser Processing, Zaman Abdulwahab, Sami Jafar, Sami Ajeel

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present paper investigates the nanomaterial coatings effect on turbine blades by laser processing. The present paper explores the impact of laser cladding parameters on the corrosion behavior of the resulting surface. Powders of Inconel 600 were deposited on the steel substrate. The surface can be thought of as the most important part of every engineering component. Unlike the rest of the component's volume, the surface is exposed to wear and becomes the place where most cracks form and corrosion initiates. Corrosion is one of the most harmful problems affecting turbine blades. In the current investigation, coating nanomaterials, namely Inconel …

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An Investigation On The Effect Of Carbon Nanoparticles On The Properties Of Carbon Brushes, Ahmed Alasady, M. Mohammad, Suleyman Basturk Mar 2026

An Investigation On The Effect Of Carbon Nanoparticles On The Properties Of Carbon Brushes, Ahmed Alasady, M. Mohammad, Suleyman Basturk

Engineering and Technology Journal

The demand for carbon brushes with specific properties and improvements in production economics in recent years has led to increased interest in metal-graphite composites. Metal matrix composites are considered excellent materials to obtain properties superior to those of the constituent phases and meet the specific requirements of material application. In the present study, we suggested a new composite material by utilizing nanomaterials to improve the properties of metal-graphite composite material usually used as carbon brushes. This has been achieved by adding different percentages of 0.1-0.5wt % of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanospheres, or both to the metal matrix composite. The samples …

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Nanocatalyst For The Degradation Of Plastic Waste To Produce Paints, Shams Almutalabi, Mohammed Alzuhairi, F. Hashim Mar 2026

Nanocatalyst For The Degradation Of Plastic Waste To Produce Paints, Shams Almutalabi, Mohammed Alzuhairi, F. Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recycling consumed commercial polymers is considered a highly important issue that chemists and engineers must take care of to develop the proper recycling techniques. The main objective of this study is to find a radical solution to the problems of plastic waste by recycling plastic waste (water bottles) and studying the effect of the produced Degraded Polyethylene Terephthalate (DPET) on the properties of paints. DEPT was added in six quantities to the paint mixture (1, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 14 grams). The paints were evaluated using various tests, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), viscosity, adhesion, brightness, color, ultraviolet reflectance, …

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Effect Of Adding Mgo On Microstructure Of Zirconia Toughened Alumina (Zta) Composite For Medical Applications, Alaa Taeh, Farhad Othman, Alla Abdul-Hameed Mar 2026

Effect Of Adding Mgo On Microstructure Of Zirconia Toughened Alumina (Zta) Composite For Medical Applications, Alaa Taeh, Farhad Othman, Alla Abdul-Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Zirconia toughened alumina (Biolox delta) is a new-generation ceramic with four times the strength of alumina alone, used in artificial joints. The composite ZTA, consisting of 82 wt. %Al2O3, 17 wt. % ZrO2, 0.5 wt. % Cr2O3, and 0.5 wt. % SrO, was made using the sol-gel process, starting with salts. To investigate the effects of MgO on the ZTA microstructure, two concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 wt. %) of MgO were added to biolox during gelation to study the ZTA microstructure. Powders were sintered in the air for 2 hrs. at 1450 ºC. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), …

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The Effect Of Ceo2 Addition On Transformation Temperatures And Wear Resistance Of Cu-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloys, Dina Hammadi, Raad Ahmed Adnan, Mohammed Al-Sarraf Mar 2026

The Effect Of Ceo2 Addition On Transformation Temperatures And Wear Resistance Of Cu-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloys, Dina Hammadi, Raad Ahmed Adnan, Mohammed Al-Sarraf

Engineering and Technology Journal

SMAs can switch from one crystallographic structure to another in response to temperature or stress stimuli. When SMAs are exposed to mechanical cyclic stress, they can absorb and discharge mechanical energy by experiencing a reversible hysteretic shape change. SMAs are widely used for sensing, actuation, impact absorption, and vibration damping. This work studied the effect of  CeO2 addition on the transformation temperature and wear resistance of Cu-Al-Ni SMAs. WhereCeO2 was added at different percent’s 0.5, 1, and 3 wt% to the base alloy, followed by casting and homogenization at 900oC. Some tests were carried out: Differential scanning calorimeter, Optical Microscope, …

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Investigating The Effect Of Different Parameters On Physical Properties Of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers, Ahmed Abed Al-Jabar, Hanna Al-Kaisy, Sarmad Ibrahim Mar 2026

Investigating The Effect Of Different Parameters On Physical Properties Of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers, Ahmed Abed Al-Jabar, Hanna Al-Kaisy, Sarmad Ibrahim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, geopolymers have received widespread attention due to their ability to completely replace ordinary cement with better efficiency, lower cost, and less damage to the climatic environment. This paper aimed to prepare MK-based geopolymer cement at ambient temperature with different alkaline activators and processing parameters. XRD, PSA, DTA-TGA, SEM, and other techniques have characterized the prepared samples. ANOVA test was employed to identify the main effect of the processing parameters. Results showed that the incorporation of potassium ions has a negative effect on the physical properties of GP, in which the presence of such ions tends to decrease the density …

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Improvement Of Erosion Resistance Of Aluminum- Copper Alloy Type 2024 By Plasma Nitriding, Mohammed Maseekh, Ali Ataiwi, Jamal Dawood Mar 2026

Improvement Of Erosion Resistance Of Aluminum- Copper Alloy Type 2024 By Plasma Nitriding, Mohammed Maseekh, Ali Ataiwi, Jamal Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

To increase the erosion resistance of 2024 Al alloys, plasma nitriding surface treatment was used. Nitrogen and argon gases are injected into an evacuated chamber until the pressure reaches 15 Pa. The process requirements for normal plasma nitriding were heating at 440˚C for 8 hours, low voltage of 650 V, current of 25 mA, low gas consumption, and no air pollution. A continuous nitriding layer of AlN was formed. The microhardness reached a maximum value of 170 HV, about 3 times higher than that Al melts at, is transported upward through voids and capillaries in the AlN structures, and reacted …

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The Impacts Of Calcium Ions Substitution In Hydroxyapatite With Neodymium And Zinc On Biological Properties And Osteosarcoma Cells, Suha Al-Shahrabalee, Hussein Jaber Mar 2026

The Impacts Of Calcium Ions Substitution In Hydroxyapatite With Neodymium And Zinc On Biological Properties And Osteosarcoma Cells, Suha Al-Shahrabalee, Hussein Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the important biomaterials in the medical field, especially in bone treatment, because of its biological properties close to human bone. A simple co-precipitation technique was used to integrate neodymium and zinc into HA by adding neodymium nitrate and zinc nitrate as a source of substituted elements during synthesis through the wet precipitation method with controlled temperature and pH. Finally, substituted HA was sintered at 800°C after completing the biomaterial preparation. The resulting Nd-Zn/HA was globe-like with nanoparticle size. The Ca+Nd+Zn/P ratio was equal to 1.63, which is relatively close to the molar ratio of bone. …

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Obstacle Avoidance And Path Planning Of A Wheeled Mobile Robot Using Hybrid Algorithm, Tahseen Abaas, Alaa Shabeeb Mar 2026

Obstacle Avoidance And Path Planning Of A Wheeled Mobile Robot Using Hybrid Algorithm, Tahseen Abaas, Alaa Shabeeb

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the mobile robot workplace, the path planning problem is crucial. Robotic systems employ intelligence algorithms to plan the robot's path from one point to another. This paper proposes the fastest and optimal path planning of the wheeled mobile robot with collision avoidance to find the optimal route during wheeled mobile robot navigation from the start point to the target point. It is done using a modern meta-heuristic hybrid algorithm called IPSOGWO by combining Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) with Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). The principal idea is based on boosting the ability to exploit in PSO with the exploration …

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Parametric Optimization Of Laser Conduction Welding Between Stainless Steel 316 And Polyethylene Terephthalate Using Taguchi Method, Maraw Khioon, Kadhim Hubeatir, Mohanned Al-Khafaji Mar 2026

Parametric Optimization Of Laser Conduction Welding Between Stainless Steel 316 And Polyethylene Terephthalate Using Taguchi Method, Maraw Khioon, Kadhim Hubeatir, Mohanned Al-Khafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

A pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a fiber optic delivery system was used to accomplish a dissimilar joining of 316 stainless steel (SUS316) to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Laser Conduction Welding (LCW) was applied as a welding technique to achieve a lap metal/polymer joint by applying the laser from the metal side. The heat was transferred from the metal layer to the polymer layer, which caused the melting and then solidifying of the polymer at the interface. The effect of three welding parameters, laser energy density, pulse duration, and welding speed, on joint force, was studied and discussed. To measure the joint …

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