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The Structural And Optical Properties Of Nanocrystalline Fe3o4 Thin Films Prepared By Pld, Khalid Abdulkareem, Suad Kadhim, Shams Ali Mar 2026

The Structural And Optical Properties Of Nanocrystalline Fe3o4 Thin Films Prepared By Pld, Khalid Abdulkareem, Suad Kadhim, Shams Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, thin films of pure iron oxide (Fe3O4) were prepared using pulsedlaser deposition technique under vacuum (2×10-3 mbar) using Nd: YAG laser atdifferent laser energies (700, 800, 900, and 1000 mJ) on quartz slides at thesubstrate temperature of 200 °C with different thickness (170,190, 220, and 250nm). The prepared thin films were examined using different techniques. The Xray diffraction showed a polycrystalline structure of cubic Fe3O4 phase, enhancedits crystallinity, and increased the crystalline size when increasing the laser energyto 1000 mJ. The results revealed that high transparency samples decreased pulselaser energy. As the laser pulse power increases, the …

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A Combining Two Ksvm Classifiers Based On True Pixel Values And Discrete Wavelet Transform For Mri-Based Brain Tumor Detection And Classification, Ali Mohammed, Mohammed Noaman, Hassan Azzawi Mar 2026

A Combining Two Ksvm Classifiers Based On True Pixel Values And Discrete Wavelet Transform For Mri-Based Brain Tumor Detection And Classification, Ali Mohammed, Mohammed Noaman, Hassan Azzawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The studies on brain tumor detection and classification are continuing to improvethe specialists’ ability in diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one ofthe most common techniques used to evaluate brain tumors diagnosis. However,brain tumors diagnosis is a difficult process due to congenital malformations andpossible errors in diagnosing benign from malignant tumors. Therefore, thisresearch aims to propose an integrated algorithm to classify brain tumors followingtwo stages using the Kernel Support Vector Machine (KSVM) classifier. Firststage classifies the tumors as normal and abnormal, and the second classifiesabnormal tumors as benign and malignant. The first KSVM employs extractionfeatures by considering the pixel values …

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The Proposition Of Three Approaching Ways To Implement Tan-Sigmoid Activation Function In Fpga, Manal Ali, Bassam Abed Mar 2026

The Proposition Of Three Approaching Ways To Implement Tan-Sigmoid Activation Function In Fpga, Manal Ali, Bassam Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Hyperbolic tangents and Sigmoid are commonly used for Artificial Neural Networks as activation functions. The complex equation of the activation function is one of the most difficult to be implemented in hardware because containing division and exponential, which gives non-linear behavior. The challenge is building a tan-sigmoid function in hardware with efficient performance. Therefore, this work will focus on implementing the activation function in FPGA. To overcome this challenge, a different approach was proposed in this paper, efficient hardware-implemented for tan-sigmoid in terms of the number of slices occupied and the resources utilization are designed. In this work, three approaches …

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Experimental Study Of F2833x/Texas Ins. For Constructing Speed Controller On A Synchronous Motor Based On Svpwm Method, Enas Hassan, Inaam Ali, Khalid Mohammed Mar 2026

Experimental Study Of F2833x/Texas Ins. For Constructing Speed Controller On A Synchronous Motor Based On Svpwm Method, Enas Hassan, Inaam Ali, Khalid Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Microprocessor programming algorithms in electrical inverter drive systems are essential in developing and formulating modern methods in closed control circuits. The microprocessor used in the current research, TMS320f28335, has a high system clock s frequency (150 MHz) that reaches up to, which gives an almost perfect ability to output the three-voltage sinewave generated from the inverter under consideration. Obtaining a sinewave voltage means the lowest possible harmonics (THD) and thus the best performance of the induction motor at starting and dynamic stability. The current research used the directional inclusion method to implement the six inverter switches (IGBTs) mechanism. Mathematical calculations …

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A Dynamic Optimal Power Flow Of A Power System Based On Genetic Algorithm, Afaneen Anwer, Ali Almosawi Mar 2026

A Dynamic Optimal Power Flow Of A Power System Based On Genetic Algorithm, Afaneen Anwer, Ali Almosawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The traditional concepts and practices of power systems are superimposed by economic market management. So OPF has become complex, and classical optimization methods were used to solve OPF effectively. But, in recent years, Artificial Intelligence methods (GA, etc.) have emerged that can solve highly complex OPF problems. In this work two algorithms, were used for the solution of dynamic optimal power flow (OPF) problem taking the transmission losses and the cost of generation as the main constraints. Both algorithms were tested on a 14-bus IEEE test system. The contingency analysis was considered in the application of the algorithms. Additionally, a …

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Effect Of The Waste Rubber Tires Aggregate On Some Properties Of Normal Concrete, Abdul Kamel, Ahmed Ali, Nahedh Ali, Mohammed Kadhum Mar 2026

Effect Of The Waste Rubber Tires Aggregate On Some Properties Of Normal Concrete, Abdul Kamel, Ahmed Ali, Nahedh Ali, Mohammed Kadhum

Engineering and Technology Journal

Waste rubber tires are considered to have substantial environmental and economic impacts, and they are non-biodegradable.  This study aims to get rid of waste tires as much as possible and study their benefits and effects on concrete using (chips and crumbs) as an aggregate substitution to fine and coarse aggregates together in making concrete (CRC) and at different percentages of (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25) % by volume. This use can reduce the risk and effect of waste tires. The tests reported a reduction in workability, compressive, and flexural values with the increase in the substitution rate of rubber. …

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Preparation Of Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Foam Using A Combination Of Na And K Types Of Alkali Activators, Mohammed Radhi, Ahmed Al-Ghaban, Imad Disher Mar 2026

Preparation Of Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Foam Using A Combination Of Na And K Types Of Alkali Activators, Mohammed Radhi, Ahmed Al-Ghaban, Imad Disher

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was mixed with metakaolin, activator, hydrogen peroxide, and olive oil to synthesize hybrid geopolymer foam. The obtained results indicated internal heat release throughout OPC hydration in the combination. OPC was employed as a calcium source in geopolymers (Geopolymer-Portland cement (HGPF)) to explore the curing process of geopolymers at ambient temperature. The functionality of geopolymer components and (HGPF) mixture, the elemental composition, and proportion analyses have been compared. A principal aim of this research focuses on developing geopolymer foam and conducting many tests such as physical tests related to the surface area and …

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A Modified Kalman Filter-Based Mobile Robot Position Measurement Using An Accelerometer And Wheels Encoder, Ali Madhloom, Firas Raheem, Azad Kareem Mar 2026

A Modified Kalman Filter-Based Mobile Robot Position Measurement Using An Accelerometer And Wheels Encoder, Ali Madhloom, Firas Raheem, Azad Kareem

Engineering and Technology Journal

Position measurement is an essential process of mobile robot navigation. In this research, a Kalman Filter is applied to locating a mobile robot furnisher with an encoder and accelerometer. The accelerometer updates its position off-hand. It has an acceptable short period of stability. However, this stability will be decreased over time. The odometry model is utilized to measure the mobile robot's position and heading angle using encoders equipped with the wheels of the mobile robot. Moreover, the odometry model's errors exist because of the wheel rotating speed's integrative nature and non-systematic errors. In this work, the mobile robot position estimation …

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Design Of A Sliding Mode Controller For A Prosthetic Human Hand’S Finger, Hussein Majeed, Saleem Kadhim, Alaa Jaber Mar 2026

Design Of A Sliding Mode Controller For A Prosthetic Human Hand’S Finger, Hussein Majeed, Saleem Kadhim, Alaa Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research paper, the modeling and control of a tendon-driven, instead of joint motors, the prosthetic finger that mimics the actual human index finger were deliberated. Firstly, the dynamic model of the prosthetic finger is developed based on a 3-degree of freedom (DOF) articulated robot structure and utilizing the Lagrange equation. Then, the classical sliding mode control (CSMC) strategy was implemented to control the finger motion. To overcome the cons of CSMC, such as the chattering problem, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) was developed.  MATLAB Simuphalange was used to perform the simulation after the necessary equations were derived. …

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Control Of Pv Panel System Temperature Using Pid Cuckoo Search, Fadi Khaleel, Ibtisam Hasan, Mohammed Mohammed Mar 2026

Control Of Pv Panel System Temperature Using Pid Cuckoo Search, Fadi Khaleel, Ibtisam Hasan, Mohammed Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, the PV panel behavior as a nonlinear system had been studied well. The main contribution of this work was cooling the PV panel temperature to get the optimal power using a PID-CSA controller which was never employed previously in this application. In the beginning, the system has been modeled using three artificial neural network methods which are NARX, NAR and nonlinear input output based on MSE. Then, the PID controller with the intelligent cuckoo search algorithm technique had been studied to accustom PID controller parameters () based on MSE, ASE and IAE. The results exhibited that the …

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Effect Of Temperature And Humidity Factors On Water Production Using Solar Energy With Smart Controlling, Ghusoon Aboud, Hashim Hussein, Ali Numan Mar 2026

Effect Of Temperature And Humidity Factors On Water Production Using Solar Energy With Smart Controlling, Ghusoon Aboud, Hashim Hussein, Ali Numan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of the current work is to study the effect of temperature and humidity factors on the production of water from humid air using clean energy, as we have noticed that both factors have an effective impact on the atmospheric air and on the amount of water that was obtained, which is useful in areas that do not have electric power sources or fresh water, and solar energy is used as the main source of energy in open areas. The motivation is to evaluate the performance of the system in light of different air flow rates and in different …

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Electromechanical Design And Manufacturing Of Dynamic Buckling Test Rig Under Various Temperature Conditions, Shaymaa Mshattat, Hussain Al-Alkawi, Ahmed Reja Mar 2026

Electromechanical Design And Manufacturing Of Dynamic Buckling Test Rig Under Various Temperature Conditions, Shaymaa Mshattat, Hussain Al-Alkawi, Ahmed Reja

Engineering and Technology Journal

A column is a structural member that bears an axial compressive load and is more likely to fail due to buckling compared to material strength. Some of these columns work at a high temperature and this temperature affects the behavior of buckling. Therefore, the designer must take this factor (temperature) into consideration. For the purpose of studying the effect of different temperatures on the phenomenon of buckling under compression dynamic loads to evaluate the state of failure for different types of columns, the thermal buckling test device has been designed and manufactured. Using this rig, practical tests can be conducted …

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Improvement Of Surface Roughness In Single Point Incremental Forming Process By The Implementation Of Controlled Vibration, Reham Nema, Mauwafak Tawfik, Muthanna Sadoon Mar 2026

Improvement Of Surface Roughness In Single Point Incremental Forming Process By The Implementation Of Controlled Vibration, Reham Nema, Mauwafak Tawfik, Muthanna Sadoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

Vibration implementation that assists metal forming has many advantages, such as enhancement of surface equality, reducing the forming force and decreasing the stresses. The technology of single-point incremental forming with all the above-mentioned advantages has been performed with the vibration. This paper focuses on the average surface roughness (Ra) improvement of the final product by using the vibration. The average roughness was found to be affected by vibration of the sheet metal. The combination of vibration produced a better surface quality of the forming shape by using an active damper to control the vibration.  For determining the damping ratio, which …

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Modeling And Simulation Of Telescopic Hydraulic For Elevating Purposes, Istabraq Abed Al-Hady, Farag Mohammed, Jamal Mohammed Mar 2026

Modeling And Simulation Of Telescopic Hydraulic For Elevating Purposes, Istabraq Abed Al-Hady, Farag Mohammed, Jamal Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The hydraulic cylinder is widely used in industry as the load lifting structures. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder is a special design of a cylinder with a series of gradually smaller diameter tubes overlapping each other. Three-stage telescopic cylinder performance analysis is performed with the help of the Finite Element Method. Also, MATLAB Simulink is used to create a complete design of the dynamic model of the telescopic cylinder. The analysis results of characteristic curves for telescopic cylinder position, velocity, and acceleration show the simulation model's accuracy and plausibility. This package will provide a basic reference for analyzing and designing the …

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Optimization Of Design Parameters For Manufacturing A Radial Active Magnetic Bearing With 12-Poles, Mohamed Hamad, Muhannad Khalifa, Jamal Mohammed Mar 2026

Optimization Of Design Parameters For Manufacturing A Radial Active Magnetic Bearing With 12-Poles, Mohamed Hamad, Muhannad Khalifa, Jamal Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research aims to design an Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) after performing an optimization process via reducing the number of poles and by reducing air gap, Dia. Yoke, and Z-length (deep of model). To increase the performance of a radial Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB), all particular equations of design based on the Genetic Algorithm method by using ANSYS Maxwell (Version 17.1) program of electro-magnetic have been studied. Manufacturing an active magnetic bearing standing for two counts, each one containing 12 poles instead of 16, led to a significant improvement in the performance. Some conclusions were obtained, including the complications in …

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The Effect Of Process Parameters On The Compression Property Of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Produced By 3d Printer, Sabreen Oudah, Hind Al-Attraqchi, Nassir Nassir Mar 2026

The Effect Of Process Parameters On The Compression Property Of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Produced By 3d Printer, Sabreen Oudah, Hind Al-Attraqchi, Nassir Nassir

Engineering and Technology Journal

Additive manufacturing (AM) by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) provides an innovative manufacturing method for complex geometry components. 3D printers have become easily accessible to the public. The technology used by these 3D printers is Fused Deposition Modelling. The majority of these 3D printers mainly use acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) to fabricate 3D objects. This study aims to investigate the influence of some printing parameters like infill pattern (Tri-Hexagon, Zig - Zag, and Gyroid), infill density (25%, 50%, and 75%), and layer thickness (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm) on the compressive strength of ABS materials. The design of the experiment was …

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The Effect Of Secondary Slow On Droplets Behavior In Gas-Liquid Mixing Process Downstream Of A Curved Duct, Abdulsattar Mohammed, Akeel Nazzal Mar 2026

The Effect Of Secondary Slow On Droplets Behavior In Gas-Liquid Mixing Process Downstream Of A Curved Duct, Abdulsattar Mohammed, Akeel Nazzal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Experimental and numerical investigations are carried out on water injection in a humidification process of air traveling steadily through the curved part with a constant cross-section. A principal aim is to study the flow behavior through the curved duct and the generation of secondary flow. The effect of bend angle on the development of secondary flow and flow structure intensities and enhancement of the heat and mass transfer downstream the curved duct. Moreover, the influence of the mixing process between liquid and gas in an air humidification process was examined. Experiments were performed with an average air velocity range from …

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Effect Of Machining Parameters On Surface Roughness And Metal Removal Rate For Aisi 310 L Stainless Steel In Wedm, Muayad Ali, Abbas Ibrahim Mar 2026

Effect Of Machining Parameters On Surface Roughness And Metal Removal Rate For Aisi 310 L Stainless Steel In Wedm, Muayad Ali, Abbas Ibrahim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a non-traditional machining process that is widely used in the machining of conductive materials. This paper presents the investigation on surface roughness and metal removal rate of stainless steel using the wire-cut EDM process. Process input parameters wire feed (WF), wire tension (WT), servo voltage (SV), pulse on time (TON) and pulse off time (Tuff), and the output parameters surface roughness and metal removal rate. The work piece material was used stainless steel 310 L, zinc-coated brass wire of 0.25mm diameter used as a tool and distilled water is used as dielectric fluid. ANOVA …

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Solving Mixed-Model Assembly Lines Using A Hybrid Of Ant Colony Optimization And Greedy Algorithm, Huthaifa Al-Khazraji, Sohaib Khlil, Zina Alabacy Mar 2026

Solving Mixed-Model Assembly Lines Using A Hybrid Of Ant Colony Optimization And Greedy Algorithm, Huthaifa Al-Khazraji, Sohaib Khlil, Zina Alabacy

Engineering and Technology Journal

The assembly line balancing problem deals with the assignment of tasks to work stations. Mixed-model assembly line problem is a type of assembly line balancing problem at which two or more models of the same product are assembled sequentially at the same line. To achieve optimality and efficiency of solving this problem, tasks at each work station have to be well balanced satisfying all constraints. This paper deals with the mixed-model assembly line balancing problem (MALBP) in which the objective is to minimize the cycle time for a given number of work stations. The problem is solved by using a …

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Development The Mechanical Properties Of The Acrylic Resin (Pmma) By Added Different Types Of Nanoparticles, Used For Medical Applications, Sura Ahmed, Waffa Salih Mar 2026

Development The Mechanical Properties Of The Acrylic Resin (Pmma) By Added Different Types Of Nanoparticles, Used For Medical Applications, Sura Ahmed, Waffa Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research is studying the effect of reinforcement the acrylic resin (PMMA) by two types of nanoparticles, which included: Walnut shell (WSP) and Talc particles (TP) that practical sizes are (40.8 and 29.2 nm) in individually form, and utilize at three various concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3wt.%), to improve in the mechanical properties of composite materials. The results showed that the Tensile and Hardness shore D properties became better with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles. The highest value of (tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and elongation at break) was (28 MPa. 1.28 GPa and 2.35%) for (PMMA: 0.3% WSP) composite …

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Blind Assistive System Based On Real Time Object Recognition Using Machine Learning, Mais Kadhim, Bushra Oleiwi Mar 2026

Blind Assistive System Based On Real Time Object Recognition Using Machine Learning, Mais Kadhim, Bushra Oleiwi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Healthy people carry out their daily lives normally, but the visually impaired and the blind face difficulties in practicing their daily activities safely because they are ignorant of the organisms surrounding them.  Smart systems come as solutions to help this segment of people in a way that enables them to practice their daily activities safely as possible.  Blind assistive system using deep learning based You Only Look Once algorithm (YOLO) and Open CV library for detecting and recognizing objects in images and video streams quickly. This work implemented using python. The results gave a satisfactory performance in detecting and recognizing …

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Experimental And Numerical Flexural Properties Of Sandwich Structure With Functionally Graded Porous Materials, Emad Njim, Sadeq Bakhi, Muhannad Al-Waily Mar 2026

Experimental And Numerical Flexural Properties Of Sandwich Structure With Functionally Graded Porous Materials, Emad Njim, Sadeq Bakhi, Muhannad Al-Waily

Engineering and Technology Journal

Functionally graded porous materials (FGPMs) are porous structures with a porosity gradient distributed over the entire volume. They have many applications in the aerospace, marine, biomedical, automotive, and shipbuilding industries. High strength to weight and excellent energy absorption is the most important features that make these structures unique. In this paper, the flexural properties of simply-supported sandwich beams with functionally graded porous core under flexural load were evaluated experimentally and numerically based on various parameters. A three-point bending test for 3D printed sandwich specimens with porous metal core bonded with aluminum face sheets using various porosity parameters and core heights …

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Experimental Investigation On The Effect Of Adding Butanone To Gasoline In Si Engine Emissions And Performance, Abed Al-Khadhim Hassan, Sadeq Jassam Mar 2026

Experimental Investigation On The Effect Of Adding Butanone To Gasoline In Si Engine Emissions And Performance, Abed Al-Khadhim Hassan, Sadeq Jassam

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research is performed to study and investigate the influence of adding some ketone compounds on performance, emissions, and heat balance of spark ignition engine. The compound used in this study is butanone (C4H8O). The importance of the research lies in increasing the octane number by adding specific percentages of butanone and showing its impact on improving the combustion process, performance and reducing pollutants. This ketone has been added to the basic fuel (gasoline) with three concentration ranges (3, 6 and 9%), respectively.  All experimental tests were carried out on gasoline engine type (Nissan QG18DE), four cylinders, and 4-stroke. The …

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A-Review For The Cooling Techniques Of Pv/T Solar Air Collectors, Wisam Saleh, Abdullateef Jadallah, Ahlam Shuraiji Mar 2026

A-Review For The Cooling Techniques Of Pv/T Solar Air Collectors, Wisam Saleh, Abdullateef Jadallah, Ahlam Shuraiji

Engineering and Technology Journal

A solar thermal collector is one of the most popular applications of solar energy. It is a photovoltaic (PV) cell system with a thermal collector system, this system is utilized in the production of electrical energy and many applications. The system is able to produce electrical energy directly from the sunlight using the photoelectric effect. Meanwhile, it also extracts heat from the PV and heats the fluid (airflow) inside the collector. In this review, the solar PV system and solar thermal collectors are discussed. Usually, solar collectors are exposed to damage and their efficiency decreases when the temperature rises. Need …

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Experimental Investigation Of Artificial Cavities Effect Of Single-Phase Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer In Single Microchannel, Qahtan Al-Nakeeb, Ekhlas Fayyadh, Moayed Hasan Mar 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Artificial Cavities Effect Of Single-Phase Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer In Single Microchannel, Qahtan Al-Nakeeb, Ekhlas Fayyadh, Moayed Hasan

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, an experimental study has been conducted to investigate the influence of artificial cavities (artificial nucleation sites, ANS) in a single microchannel on the characteristics of flow and heat transfer at a single-phase flow. The experiments were performed with deionized water as a working fluid at 30OC inlet temperature with a range (108.6-2372) of Reynolds numbers. Three models of the straight microchannel (model-1, model-2, and model-3) were manufactured of brass having a rectangular shape with a hydraulic diameter of (0.42 mm). Model-1 has a smooth surface, while model-2 has artificial cavities with a number of 40 ANS located …

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Evaluating The Adhesive Properties Of Four Types Of Conventional Adhesives, Muhanad Mosa, Mohsin Hamzah Mar 2026

Evaluating The Adhesive Properties Of Four Types Of Conventional Adhesives, Muhanad Mosa, Mohsin Hamzah

Engineering and Technology Journal

The development of manufacturing technology led to the appearance of various products that need effective types of adhesives with good strength and durability in different types of joints. Accordingly, the issue is how to choose the appropriate adhesive for the specific application relying on the properties of adhesive besides, the work conditions. This work deals with the experimental testing of four types of an adhesives that have been prepared to test by the two types of joints to comprehend the behavior of adhesives then choose the most effective and optimum type. The Butt and single lap joint tests were achieved …

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Heat Transfer In Electronic Systems Printed Circuit Board: A Review, Mustafa Kadum, Ahmed Imran, Sattar Aljabair Mar 2026

Heat Transfer In Electronic Systems Printed Circuit Board: A Review, Mustafa Kadum, Ahmed Imran, Sattar Aljabair

Engineering and Technology Journal

Thermal regulation has now become a staple in the design of electronic devices. As a result of technological advances in the electronic industry, component miniaturization and thermal system management are becoming more and more important. Due to the high demand for device performance and the need for better thermal management, this paper present a detailed theoretical review of heat transfer by conventional methods in electronic devices and equipment such as air cooling, water cooling, etc. to provide an ideal framework for a practical application in electronic cooling. With reference to the possibility of investing unconventional ways to reduce the energy …

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A Comparative Experimental Study Analysis Of Solar Based Thermoelectric Refrigerator Using Different Hot Side Heat Sink, Nora Numan, Mahmmoud Mahdi, Majida Ahmed Mar 2026

A Comparative Experimental Study Analysis Of Solar Based Thermoelectric Refrigerator Using Different Hot Side Heat Sink, Nora Numan, Mahmmoud Mahdi, Majida Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The heat sink influences heat dissipation at the hot junction of the Peltier module and, hence, affects the performance of the thermoelectric refrigerator. The present work compares the performance of solar-powered thermoelectric refrigerator units with capacity (30 Liter) for two cases by employing two different heat sink types. In case (I) The Peltier module (12706) is connected with a heat sink type of Hot wall air-cooled (HWAC). In case (II) the Same Peltier is connected with a heat sink type of hot wall air-cooled with a heat exchanger (HWACHE). The exergy analysis method can help to determine the exergy losses …

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Experimental Exergetic And Energetic Analysis Of Different (Pv) Array Configurations, Dalya Omer, Mahmoud Mahdi, Ahlam Shuraiji Mar 2026

Experimental Exergetic And Energetic Analysis Of Different (Pv) Array Configurations, Dalya Omer, Mahmoud Mahdi, Ahlam Shuraiji

Engineering and Technology Journal

It is well known that photovoltaic (PV) can be connected in parallel, series, and parallel series. In this study, four PV panels are connected in four different ways, i.e., 4panels parallel (4p), 3panels parallel*1panel series (3p*1s), 2panels parallel*2panels parallel (2p*2p) connected in series, and 2panels series *2panels series (2s*2s) connected in parallel, to determine the best PV panels configuration for supplying DC power to the Variable Speed Compressor (VSC) with the highest average exergy efficiency and minimum exergy losses under sunny daylight hours. Experimental data is used to calculate the exergy efficiency of the mentioned configurations. The best results are …

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Manufacturing And Calibration Of Conical Springs Lateral Stiffness Meter, Muhammad Tahir, Shakir Hassan, Jumaa Chiad Mar 2026

Manufacturing And Calibration Of Conical Springs Lateral Stiffness Meter, Muhammad Tahir, Shakir Hassan, Jumaa Chiad

Engineering and Technology Journal

The spring is an important mechanical part of which widely used in many industrial applications. There is an urgent need to know its stiffness property before use in any application. Since the stiffness varies according to the method of using the spring in this research, it is suggested to calculate the lateral stiffness of spring by the moment effect. the device meter of the lateral stiffness of conical springs has been designed and manufactured working principle applying a torque to the head of the spring and calculating the angle of inclination. This research includes an experimental aspect (tensile test of …

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