Digital Commons Network^™

The Ten Commandments, Stripped Of Slavery, Exodus & Jubilee, Christopher D. Hampson

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

The Ten Commandments are back on public classroom walls and in federal court, after several states passed new laws requiring school districts to post the text. As attorneys, judges, and amici debate whether First Amendment law has changed enough since Stone v. Graham in 1980 to allow the posting of the ancient religious text, this Essay comes at the situation from an entirely different angle. The precise text proposed by the states might be a good example of “ceremonial deism,” but it removes biblical law from biblical narrative – and, in doing so, unsets the Ten Commandments from their original …

Scraping Bad: The Case For A Unified Scraping Framework, Eunchong Moses Park

Washington and Lee Law Review Online

This Note explores the growing legal and regulatory landscapes of web scraping in the United States and argues that web scraping should be regulated through a unified federal framework tailored to its unique technological and economic realities. Web scraping allows organizations to collect massive amounts of data essential to their operational needs—often without the consent of data holders. Thus, web scraping has become a powerful engine of innovation used across virtually every sector of the economy but with a serious risk to privacy and property interests. Yet the current U.S. legal framework lacks a coherent regulating structure. Courts and litigants …

Expanding Food Insecurity Screening Across Pediatric Clinical And Community Settings In The South Bronx: A Quality Improvement Initiative, Sana Amreen, Merve Ladik, Emmy Trinidad, Shanta Neupane, Anju Paudel, Yossef Alnasser

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Improving Early Detection Of Diastolic Dysfunction Through Community-Based Cardiovascular Screen In Underserved Adults, Roya Sakhizada

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Water Insecurity, Health Risks, And Policy Gaps Linked To Galamsey In Ghana: A Scoping Review, Anne-Vanessa Vanderpuije

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Characterizing Obesity Phenotypes Through Fitness And Metabolic Markers In Women, Jordyn Walters, Andrea Osorio, Felipe Cabello, Allison Chetta, Gianna Filippou, Clara De Torres Ensenat, Karla Cordero-Ortega, Shery Kamel, Carmen P. Ortega-Santos

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Accelerating Research Excellence Through Cross-Sector Engagement: The Impact Of Gwsph Research Day (2023-2025), Imomotimi Imomotebegha, Paul Ndebele, Adnan Hyder

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

Background: Research Day at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (GWSPH) serves as a cornerstone for showcasing scholarly excellence, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and strengthening engagement across academic and professional sectors. Over recent years, the event has evolved from a traditional academic showcase into a dynamic platform that connects students, faculty, alumni, and external stakeholders while amplifying the reach and impact of public health research.

Methods: This descriptive analysis synthesizes participation metrics, disciplinary representation, award distributions, engagement data, and dissemination trends from GWSPH Research Day events held between 2023 and 2025. Data sources included event records, presenter …

Evaluating The Educational Influence And Impact Of The George Washington School Of Public Health Bioethics Webinars (2020-2025), Imomotimi Imomotebegha, Deborah Nyonator, Paul Ndebele, Melissa Goldstein, Bridget Martin, Adnan Hyder

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

Background: Bioethics has emerged as a critical discipline within public health, providing essential frameworks for ethical decision-making in research, policy development, and clinical practice. However, significant disparities persist in access to bioethics education and resources, disproportionately affecting clinicians and researchers in underrepresented regions and resource-constrained settings. Digital learning platforms, particularly webinars, present a transformative opportunity to democratize bioethics education by offering accessible, interactive, and geographically unrestricted learning experiences. The George Washington University School of Public Health Bioethics Interest Group (GWSPHBIG) has leveraged this modality to develop a comprehensive webinar series aimed at strengthening understanding of core ethical principles and fostering …

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Web-Based Student Research Ethics Oversight System: A Case Study At The George Washington School Of Public Health, 2019-2024, Imomotimi Imomotebegha, Deborah Nyonator, Paul Ndebele, Bridget Efua Martin, Joseph Schmitthenner, Kethelyn Papp, Adnan Hyder

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

Background: Robust ethical oversight is fundamental to ensuring the responsible conduct of human-subjects research, particularly within public health settings where complex ethical challenges frequently arise. Academic institutions face mounting pressure to balance rigorous ethical review with efficient processes that support student learning and research productivity. The Milken Institute School of Public Health (GWSPH) at The George Washington University identified critical gaps in its student research oversight infrastructure, prompting the development of a systematic approach to strengthen ethical review processes while enhancing operational efficiency.

Objective: To systematically document and evaluate the design, implementation, and impact of a web-based Student Project Oversight …

Assessing The Effect Of Precipitation Anomalies On Aedes Aegypti-Borne Viruses In Low Middle Income Countries Of The Indo-Pacific Region: A Systematic Review, Carolyn Skotz

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Framing The Future: How Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health Made The Global Agenda, Cassandra Smith, Bridget Kelly, Jessica Deutsch, Mikayla Mason, Abigail Quashie, Emily Schilpp, Karen Mcdonnell

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Mobile Dna Activity In Parkinson's Disease: A Locus-Specific View Of Endogenous Retroviruses, Elizabeth Banda-Arnold, Charles S. Venuto, Keith A. Crandall

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Graduate Student Self-Perceptions Of Interprofessional Collaboration: Preliminary Findings From The D.C. Interdisciplinary Student Health Alliance (Dcisha) Case Series, Justin Chang, Alex Abramson, Sarah Anstice, Preeyanka Rao, Sophie Gorup, Addie E. Boone

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Financial Investment And Immunization Outcomes: The Influence Of Gavi Funding On Hpv Vaccination Uptake And Completion In Zambia And Lesotho, Jordan Amoako, Karen Mcdonnell, Anne Markus

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Lipoprotein(A) And Incident Peripheral Artery Disease The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Kaleb Lema, Emma K. Stapp, Minghao Kou, Shoshana H. Ballew, Ning Ding, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Christie M. Ballantyne, Maya J. Salameh, Kunihiro Matsushita, Melinda C. Power

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Marijuana Use Patterns And Respiratory Disease And Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Brfss 2024, Deborah Nyonator

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Trifluoroacetic Acid (Tfa) Exceeds All Other Extractable Organoflourine In Drinking Water From Eastern Massachusetts, United States, Jahred M. Liddie, Euna Kim, Faiz Haque, Anton Roche, Elsie M. Sunderland

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Compendium Of Federal Proposals To Support Family Caregivers: A Bipartisan Tool To Empower Policymakers In Efforts To Improve The Lives Of 63 Million Americans, Alison Barkoff, Marc Cohen, Eileen Tell, Mary Kate Vorisek, Elizabeth Leiser, Rachel Jordan

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Understanding Perceptions Of Food Is Medicine Among Low-Income Cancer Survivors To Address Food And Nutrition Security, Mritika Rahman, Roya Sakhizada, Sherrie Wallington, Karina R. Lora

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of A Human Donor Breastmilk Education Program On The Usage Rates Of Pasteurized Human Donor Breastmilk For Supplementation Of Breastfed Infants In The Well-Baby Nursery, Nicole Sadorra, Mercedes Echevarria, Cara Padovano

GW Research Showcase 2021-2026

No abstract provided.

Life, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of A Sustainable Catch: Using Maine's Right To Food To Encourage Sustainability In The Lobster Industry, Emma Rodgers

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Every year, millions of sharks, turtles, whales, and other marine life are swept up in fishing gear never meant for them. This collateral damage, known as by-catch, is a persistent and deadly problem in the fishing industry. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) estimates that around 38 million tonnes of global marine catch each year—40% of all fish pulled from the ocean—is unintended by-catch. Unfortunately, the WWF approximation of annual by-catch likely underestimates the proper amount of by-catch because their estimation includes little information on large marine animals, such as turtles and cetaceans which are also caught in the by-catch process. …

Now You Sea Me, Now You Don't: A "Climate Displacement Equity" Framework For Sinking Nations, Meera S. Aiyer

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are a unique set of states that are disproportionately impacted by climate change impacts and are highly vulnerable to economic, cultural, and environmental harms. While many are islands, SIDS also include non-island states populated with predominately coastal communities. The United Nations recognizes 39 sovereign states and 18 associate members as SIDS. SIDS account for over 1,000 islands across the globe, but the total population across them amounts to 65 million people, less than one percent of the global population. SIDS contribute less than one percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, the main cause of modern-day …

The Vicious Cycle Of 'Disaster-Recovery-Disaster' And Sids: Lessons From The Icj Advisory Proceedings On Climate Change, Chhaya Bhardwaj

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

The core argument of this Article is that the current theoretical and legal frameworks are insufficient to fully comprehend the circumstances of the Small Islands Developing States (SIDS), which claim to be in a “constant state of recovery or disaster.” The SIDS continue to suffer, as the extreme climate events become more frequent, severe, and compounding. The existing theoretical and legal frameworks assume that every disaster that begins must end, as does the recovery period following the disaster. However, in the case of some SIDS, the disaster or recovery period never ends. For example, sometimes, another disaster strikes even before …

Climate Justice For Puerto Rico: The Right To Stay And Energy Sovereignty, Camila Bustos, Mercè Martí Exposito

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Following Hurricane María and subsequent disasters, Puerto Rico has experienced displacement, infrastructure collapse, and intensified economic exploitation through austerity policies championed as part of a disaster capitalist agenda. Climate change threatens self-determination globally, but its impacts are amplified by asymmetrical power relations. For Puerto Rico, climate vulnerability cannot be separated from colonial subordination. The Trump administration’s contemptuous response to María, PROMESA’s imposition of austerity, and the redirection of renewable energy funding toward fossil fuel infrastructure—each reveals how climate injustice compounds colonial injustice.

Drawing on international human rights law—particularly the rights to self-determination and to stay—we examine how Puerto Ricans assert …

The Resilience Of What, Exactly, To What, Exactly, Along The Coast? Adapting To More Than Just Human Migration, Robin Kundis Craig

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

The world’s coastlines are changing as a result of climate change and ocean acidification, creating drivers of human adaptation efforts— efforts that may increasingly include migration inland. Rising sea levels tend to get most of the attention as coastal migration drivers, because they represent the force most likely to physically push residents away from the coast through inundation, coastal erosion, and/or destruction of coastal water supplies.

However, climate change and ocean acidification are also changing the world’s coasts ecologically, and these ecological changes also drive coastal adaptation, testing the adaptative capacity and ecological resilience of coastal communities. This Article examines …

Of Mangroves And Men: Mobilizing Legal Innovations To Protect Coastal Communities From Climate Displacement, Sarah Dorman, Monica Iyer, Kelsey Jost-Creegan

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Around the world, there is growing concern that phenomena related to climate change may render coastal areas unlivable in the coming years and decades. Scientific projections indicate that with high greenhouse gas emissions, sea levels may rise upwards of 6 feet by 2100. Studies repeatedly warn that—absent steep and urgent global emissions reductions— places where hundreds of millions of people currently live will be below projected high tide lines for 2100.

In many coastal areas, climate change often impacts historically marginalized, racialized, and low-income communities first and worst. Such communities are often located in more vulnerable areas like flood plains. …

The Federal Trust Responsibility In An Era Of Coastal Retreat: Climate Relocation, Fiduciary Governance, And The Future Of Tribal Self-Determination, Samuel Kohn

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

Climate-driven displacement is no longer a speculative concern for Indian Country. Across our country, from Alaska, to the Gulf Coast, and the Pacific Northwest, Tribal communities confront accelerating erosion, sea-level rise, permafrost thaw, and chronic flooding that threaten not just individual structures, but the territorial foundations of Tribal sovereignty itself. Schools, clinics, water systems, housing, and transportation networks are increasingly exposed to conditions that render continued habitation unsafe or impossible. These impacts do not present as isolated disasters; they manifest as cumulative, slow-onset processes that erode the capacity of Tribal governments to govern in place.

This Symposium Essay advances the …

Cyclones Of Crime: How Environmental Degradation In Haiti Strengthens Gangs In Governmental Power Vacuums And How The International Community Can Respond Beyond Military Intervention, Stephanie Minor

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

In Haiti, the ground beneath people’s feet, both politically and literally, has never stopped shifting, as cycles of gang violence and environmental disasters feed each other in a relentless spiral of instability. This Note intends to be an analysis of the cycle of gang violence and environmental disasters, along with possible legal and organizational solutions. It begins with a very brief historical analysis of how the situation has progressed from state creation to present day and how Haiti’s colonial past shaped its current governance problems. At its creation in 1804, Haiti became the first state founded by enslaved persons through …

Social Murder, Marissa Jackson Sow

Washington and Lee Law Review

In recent years, variations on Engels’s concept of social murder have been adopted into British legal and sociological lexicons to conceptualize the state’s reckless sacrifices of its most vulnerable populations—people deemed socially undesirable, legally undeserving, and economically redundant. The state allows these populations to die a multitude of deaths by failing to protect them; notably, victims of social murder are relegated to society’s underclasses, if not completely excluded from the body politic, before they are physically eliminated. Social murder is neither genocide nor ethnic cleansing; instead, social murder captures the elimination of groups of people via atrocious events for which …

1981, Carliss Chatman

Washington and Lee Law Review

42 U.S.C. § 1981 should have solved a pervasive problem in American capitalism—when white economic interests do not converge with the contract rights of Black people, they are excluded from the market in a way that causes systemic harm. This Article proposes that the failure to enforce 1981 in the past may render it more harmful than beneficial in the present climate of retrenchment. The realities of racism combine with the lack of economic interest convergence to make combatting contract inequality on a contract-by-contract basis legally precarious, nearly impossible to properly evaluate, and difficult to economically incentivize. This is in …