Digital Commons Network^™

Excavations At Jerusalem: The Byzantine Street (Area S2), Moran Hagbi, Joe Uziel

'Atiqot

This report presents the results of an excavation conducted on the northwestern corner of the City of David, between the Giv‘ati Parking Lot and the Ottoman walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. Six strata were exposed, spanning the Early Roman and Early Islamic periods. The main archaeological feature exposed was a section of a stone-paved street dating to the late Byzantine period. The street, previously exposed in other excavations, was a primary south–north artery running along the Tyropoeon Valley and linking between the City of David and the upper parts of Jerusalem. This street was likely an important route, …

Reemergence Of Street Planning In Yafo (Jaffa): The Late Ottoman Ha-Ẓorfim Compound, Yoav Arbel

'Atiqot

In the second half of the nineteenth century, Yafo (Jaffa) was a rapidly changing town, reemerging from centuries of stagnation. While the mound retained its unappealingly medieval character, new neighborhoods sprouted up around it, replacing the orchards and fortifications. Urban development demanded access and connections, which were ensured with the construction of broad new throughways, with stone paving and drainage systems not seen in Yafo since antiquity. All this development naturally lured traders, officials and diplomats to build their mansions and businesses along these thoroughfares. One of these was the presently named Ha-Ẓorfim (“The Jewelers”) Street, on the eastern outskirts …

Umayyad Streets Leading To The Temple Mount/Al-Ḥaram Al-Sharīf Gates In Jerusalem: Evidence Ofurban Planning, Control And Ideology, Yuval Baruch

'Atiqot

At the beginning of the eighth century CE, the Umayyad rulers initiated the construction of an extensive governmental complex at the foot of the Temple Mount/al-Ḥaram al-Sharīf, comprising at least four impressive monumental buildings. The present study shifts the focus from the architecture of these structures to the street system of the complex, arguing that it functioned not merely as infrastructure but as a sophisticated mechanism of movement and control. These streets, laid out along carefully planned axes and constructed atop artificial fills, employed wide, controlled gates and specific lines of sight to dictate a continuous experiential sequence. Through the …

Aspects Of Urban Planning In Bet She’An-Scythopolis: A View From Rhometalkes’ Alleys, Benjamin Y. Arubas, Leah Di Segni

'Atiqot

Intercity roads, colonnaded and drained streets, agoras and forums of the Roman and Late-Antiquity city of Bet She’an-Scythopolis—all have been widely studied, producing an ample bibliography. Not so are alleys, although they must have served various functions as thoroughfares for foot traffic or in relation to the buildings that overlooked them. These buildings could have been domestic, commercial or public, causing the function of the alley to surely change accordingly. This paper is dedicated to the study of two such alleys, which existed solely amidst public buildings, and whose story can be told based on the results of excavations and …

Menorah Graffiti On The Streets Of Jerusalem, Shlomit Weksler Bdolah, Nahshon Szanton

'Atiqot

This article examines three menorah graffiti incised on paving stones along Roman–Byzantine streets of Jerusalem. The engravings appear beside depictions of board games, suggesting that pedestrians paused at these locations. All three graffiti are situated along streets oriented eastward, toward the Temple Mount, raising the likelihood that visual engagement with the sacred precinct influenced the incision of this Jewish symbol in the urban sphere. The article explores the context of the menorah graffiti and their cultural and historical significance within the public sphere. Drawing on archaeological data, historical sources and comparative examples of menorah representations in public settings in the …

A Network (Capita Viarum) Of Roads, Bridges And City Gates Connecting To The Colonnaded Streets Of Roman-Period Nysa-Scythopolis: Evidence Of Efficient Traffic Planning, Walid Atrash, Gabriel Mazor

'Atiqot

This article investigates the strategic importance of Nysa-Scythopolis (Bet She’an) as a key transportation and urban center during the Roman and Byzantine periods. Located at a critical junction between the Jordan Valley and the central mountain ridges, the city comprised a complex network of regional roads and monumental gates, facilitating both local and imperial mobility. This study focuses on three of five major Roman gates—Aelia Capitolina, Gerasa, Neapolis, Damascus and Caesarea—each aligned with major intercity arteries, as well as on the construction of two Roman bridges crossing Naḥal Ḥarod, Jisr el-Khan and the skew bridge Jisr el-Maktu‘a. Gate typologies are …

The Stepped Podium : A Landmark On Jerusalem’S Main Thoroughfare In The Second Temple Period, Nahshon Szanton

'Atiqot

This article presents a small, stepped pyramidal structure that was built upon the eastern side of the Stepped Street in Jerusalem under the rule of the Roman procurators. It considers the structure’s archaeological context, architectural and functional uniqueness in light of comparable finds and sources, both historical and literary, to better understand its role and use. Based on these sources, the structure seems to have served as street furniture in the public sphere, used as a public place for trial or to announce lost-and-found artifacts.

Roads To The Holy City: An Integrated Archaeological And Spatial Analysis Of Access Routes Leading To Jerusalemin The Second Century Bce–Seventh Century Ce, Yosef Spiezer, Boaz Zissu, Yehiel Zelinger

'Atiqot

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of Jerusalem’s transportation network by integrating archaeological evidence from rescue excavations with Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based spatial analysis and literary sources. Three distinct development phases were observed. In the Hasmonean and Early Roman periods (63 BCE–70 CE), roads primarily served Jewish pilgrimage and were accompanied by religious infrastructure such as miqwa’ot (ritual baths), water reservoirs and elaborate tombs reflecting Jerusalem’s sacred status. In the Middle and Late Roman periods (70–324 CE) systematic road construction followed the Jewish revolts, emphasizing military and administrative functions through straight, paved routes marked with milestones, including forts, watchtowers, water …

The Roman Legionary Base At Legio As Capita Viarum And Its Role In The Development Of The Roman Imperialroad Network In Northern Israel, Yotam Tepper

'Atiqot

Roman Imperial roads were typically paved in a standardized manner by the engineering corps of the Roman army to enable continuous movement in all weather and terrain conditions, for wheeled transport and pedestrians alike. The roads were constructed from specific points of origin to designated destinations and served the Roman army and administration. Milestones were placed along the roads at fixed intervals, some of which bear inscriptions that provide information concerning their location along the road relative to its starting point and destination, as well as the date of road construction or repair according to the reigns of the Roman …

Global Trends In Dietary Exposure To Polychlorinated Naphthalenes (Pcns): A Review Of Contamination Levels And Health Implications, Vhodaho Nevondo, Okechukwu Jonathan Okonkwo

Engineering and Technology Journal

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) belong to a class of persistent organic pollutants that are structurally related to chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and other chlorinated biphenyls as a result of the presence of benzene rings in their respective structures. Additionally, they display high levels of persistence in the environment, bioaccumulative, and dioxin-like toxicities characteristics. Although the production and use of PCNs is either banned or greatly regulated in several countries around the globe, unintentional production in industrial thermal processes and legacy usage have resulted in the ubiquity of these compounds in the environment and the food chain. Several studies have shown various exposure …

Exploring The Dual Advising System For Students’ Success: A Developmental Advising Model, Louisa Godwyll, Eugene Kwarteng-Nantwi, Pious Jojo Adu-Akoh

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

This qualitative study explored the dual advising system for student success at a U.S. higher education institution. Research has indicated that approximately 40–60% of students enrolled in doctoral programs do not complete their doctoral degrees. High attrition rates have led some institutions to adopt a dual advising system, a form of developmental advising, to support doctoral students’ success. Creamer and Creamer’s (1994) developmental advising model served as the conceptual framework of the study. The model defines the first stage of advising as defining task, where advisors engage in teaching and utilize strategies to help students attain educational, career, and individual …

Prinsip-Prinsip Sistem Perseroan Terbatas Menurut Undang-Undang No.1 Tahun 1995, Muchyar Yara

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Tanggung Jawab Profesi Penunjang Pasar Modal Di Indonesia, A. Zen Umar Purba

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Penculikan Transnasional Dan Kewenangan Pengadilan Amerika Serikat, D. Sidik Suraputra

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Ex-04-142 Modeling Distress And Evaluating Chatbot Safety For Suicide-Related Social Media Texts, Rehma Razzak

C-Day Computing Showcase

This project addresses the urgent need for transparent chatbot safety evaluations amid rising concerns about AI-facilitated self-harm. Using public social media datasets, we simulate two tasks: (1) detecting suicidal ideation via emotion-based risk scoring, and (2) stress-testing a support-style chatbot against 888 high-risk prompts, including euphemisms and “for a story” framing. A multi-label classifier trained on GoEmotions feeds emotion profiles into a logistic regression model to generate suicidality risk scores. These scores guide a local chatbot built with Ollama’s llama3, which analyzes user messages and steers responses toward safe, empathetic behavior. Evaluation shows ~90% of replies were safe or supportive. …

Grm-010-170 Ai-Enabled Water Quality Framework For E. Coli Prediction And Forecasting, Sangeetha Devaraj, Jui Mhatre

C-Day Computing Showcase

Water quality monitoring is essential for public health and environmental sustainability, yet existing monitoring infrastructures remain sparse, fragmented, and incomplete. Data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) indicate that while over 1.5 million sites are cataloged in the USGS Water Data for the Nation, only a small fraction are actively reporting water quality measurements, with significant reductions observed in recent years. Moreover, critical parameters such as pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and microbial indicators like Escherichia coli are inconsistently measured, with widespread missing and irregular data. This work presents an AI-enabled water quality data framework designed to address …

Grm-134-128 Neurovision: Mapping Brain Signals To Language And Visual Meaning, Siri Yellu

C-Day Computing Showcase

NeuroVision presents a unified framework for mapping electroencephalography (EEG) signals to language and visual meaning. Extracting semantic information from EEG remains a fundamental challenge due to its low signal-to-noise ratio, high dimensionality, and inter-subject variability. To address these challenges, we propose a multimodal representation learning framework that aligns EEG signals with both textual and visual embeddings through temporal modeling, spatial brain-region decomposition, and contrastive learning. The framework integrates self-supervised pretraining with supervised multimodal alignment to learn robust and transferable representations. Experimental results demonstrate BLEU-1 of 0.1106 and ROUGE-1 of 0.1493 for EEG-to-text generation, alongside a 52% improvement in retrieval performance …

Gc-172-139 Detection Of Sms Spam Using Transformer Bert Model, Nathan Bonner, Zachary Kandell, Michael Hayes, David Quintanilla, Leon Greenberg

C-Day Computing Showcase

This project evaluates automated SMS spam classification by comparing traditional machine learning against modern transformer architectures. We built a Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) baseline using TF-IDF feature extraction and NearMiss-1 undersampling to handle severe class imbalances. We then compared this against a fine-tuned Hugging Face Sentence-BERT model. Preliminary results show Sentence-BERT significantly outperformed the BiLSTM baseline (99.01% vs. 95.65% accuracy). These findings demonstrate that transformer-based embeddings offer a highly accurate, scalable solution for spam mitigation without relying on aggressive data undersampling.

Grm-179-195 A Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Rag) System For Bible Question Answering Using Scriptural Text And Commentary, Maryam Koya, Pragya Mishra

C-Day Computing Showcase

This project develops and evaluates a question-answering (QA) system designed to address theological and interpretive questions about the New Testament. It uses a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework that integrates a pretrained large language model with a structured knowledge base consisting of public-domain Berean Standard Bible (BSB) New Testament and New Testament commentaries. User queries are embedded to retrieve semantically relevant passages, which are then supplied as contextual input for answer generation. The system is evaluated based on retrieval quality, answer faithfulness, and comparison to ground truth. Performance is benchmarked against a baseline BM25 keyword retrieval system without commentary, demonstrating that …

Gc-154-201 Evaluation Of Generative Ai Responses To Pharmacy Prompts, Abrar Syed

C-Day Computing Showcase

Generative AI (GenAI) is increasingly used in pharmacy for drug information and decision support, yet accuracy remains variable. We systematically reviewed studies that reported full prompts and model responses to evaluate correctness across pharmacy‑relevant tasks. GenAI performed well on basic drug facts but was inconsistent for patient-specific recommendations and interaction checking, with occasional hallucinations. Findings support cautious, supplementary use in pharmacy practice and education.

Grm-175-233 From Leakage To Reliability In Dementia Detection, Crystal Tubbs

C-Day Computing Showcase

Automated dementia detection from speech offers a scalable approach to cognitive screening, but its reliability depends on rigorous experimental design. In this work, we reconstructed a Wav2Vec2-based dementia classification pipeline and identified critical methodological flaws, including speaker leakage, nondeterministic preprocessing, and invalid test partitions. We rebuilt the dataset using strict speaker-level separation, deterministic segmentation, and validation checks to ensure reproducibility. The corrected baseline achieved an accuracy of 44.74 percent and macro F1 score of 0.4439, reflecting a more realistic performance estimate than prior inflated results. This work establishes a scientifically valid foundation for evaluating augmentation strategies such as SpecAugment in …

Grp-0100-193 Are Tgnn-Based Intrusion Detection Results Trustworthy? A Dataset Audit And Evaluation Framework, Faysal Chowdhoury, Sait Suer, Yinning Zhang

C-Day Computing Showcase

Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) have reported near-perfect accuracy in Network Intrusion Detection (NID). However, this research reveals these results are often artifacts of dataset flaws rather than genuine model capability. Through a systematic audit of five benchmark datasets, we identify critical issues: node identity leakage, feature extraction artifacts, train/test contamination, and temporal sparsity. We demonstrate that models often learn to recognize specific attacker IP addresses instead of generalizing attack behavior. We propose a standardized evaluation framework featuring leakage-aware relabeling and attack-aware chronological splitting to provide a more reliable basis for future TGNN-NID research.

Uc-123-140 P15-T2 Boating Safety Game Us Army Corps | Boating Mvp, Maryam Hamza, Saleh Hamza, Will Vanwinkle, Trevor Caffrey, Tobi Akinsunmi

C-Day Computing Showcase

This project is an interactive 2D educational boating safety game developed in Unity to teach students essential water navigation and life jacket safety practices in an engaging and immersive format. Designed in collaboration with a real-world sponsor, the game simulates a dynamic boating environment where players navigate obstacles, identify hazards, and make safety decisions under time constraints. The experience integrates instructional modules, guided character narration, and a final quiz phase that reinforces knowledge through immediate feedback, scoring, and achievement-based rewards. Players learn critical concepts such as proper life jacket fit, safe boating procedures, hazard identification, and shallow water awareness. The …

Uc-164-215 Hootnest: Ai-Powered Ksu Student Assistant, Tabitha Washington, Aspen Steele

C-Day Computing Showcase

HootNest helps prospective Kennesaw State students get clear, reliable answers about college life. It is designed for students who may not have easy access to counselors, mentors, or campus visits. The chatbot allows students to ask the chatbot anything they need to know.

Ur-171-118 Aidflow: A Predictive Financial Aid Transparency System For Students, Chaathurya Nakkana

C-Day Computing Showcase

Students frequently experience delays and confusion regarding financial aid refunds due to unclear system statuses and lack of communication. This project introduces AidFlow, a predictive financial aid transparency system that translates complex financial data into clear explanations, predicts refund timelines, and provides actionable guidance. A rule-based model and system pipeline were developed to simulate real-world scenarios and improve student understanding and decision-making.

Grm-153-198 Safecircle: Ai And Micro-Radar-Based Remote Monitoring For Patients With Ad/Adrd, Awan-Ur- Rahman, Soarov Borty, Gowtham Ankolu

C-Day Computing Showcase

Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) are irreversible and degenerative neurological conditions that severely impacts neurons, resulting in cognitive decline and memory loss. This study explores a mHealth system, including a SafeCircle iOS prototype, a novel solution that combines artificial intelligence with cutting-edge micro-radar technology. The platform offers a variety of features, including management of patient and caregiver profiles, real-time alerts in case of emergencies, emergency contact lists, one-touch SOS support, sharing of live locations, and recording of unusual events in video. It is a responsive and reliable care assistant that optimizes patient safety while reducing caregiver burden.

Toyon 68 - Full Issue

Toyon: Multilingual Literary Magazine

No abstract provided.

A Historical Analysis Of The Development Of Prenatal Care In The U. S., Kristen Montgomery Phd, Cnm, Aprn, Shelby Greene Bsn, Rn, Lauren Griffin Bsn, Rn, Destiny Lewis Bsn, Rn, Lauryn Lewis Bsn, Rn, Bryleigh Newberry Bsn, Rn, Brittany Scott Bsn, Rn

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: This paper examines the historical development of prenatal care in the United States, tracing its evolution from informal, home—based management to structured, evidence-based systems that are central to maternal and fetal health.

Aims: The specific aim of this project was to determine how prenatal care evolved in the United States.

Methods: A historical methods approach was used. Historical documents were reviewed using PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar to find relevant resources. Relevant articles were reviewed by the research team and analyzed for components regarding the development of prenatal care. All members of the research team reviewed the articles and …

Historical Development Of Vaccines And The Public's Response, Kristen Montgomery, Samantha Prince Bsn, Rn, Melissa Ealey Bsn, Rn, Jarrad Morelock Bsn, Rn, Shelby Johnson Bsn, Rn, Kokeshia Crosby Bsn, Rn, Stephanies Himes Bsn, Rn, Theresia Hinton Bsn, Rn

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: Vaccines, which have become one of the most important medical accomplishments in the prevention of communicable diseases, have a history that dates to the use of variolation as early as the 11th century. The purpose of this study is to explore the historical development of vaccines and to determine the characteristics that emerged when new vaccines were developed.

Aims: The specific aim of this study is to understand if all vaccines have been received about the same by the general public or if there are certain different or diverse characteristics associated with the introduction of different vaccines.

Methods: A …

A Systematic Literature Review On Alternative Treatment Modalities In Adults With Treatment Resistant Depression, Brian Miller

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Abstract

            Currently, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners (PMHNPs) often defer to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for individuals with TRD who fail to achieve resolution of their disorder. However, many individuals do not meet criteria for ECT or decline the treatment due to side effects and associated risks. To synthesize potential alternative treatments and address the current gap in literature that does not include first-line preferred electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a systematic literature review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA 2020). Databases searched for this review included the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature …