Digital Commons Network^™

Do Asynchronous Video Lectures Improve Student Performance In Remote Learning Environments? Evidence From A Macroeconomics Course, Lane Boyte Chadwick, Steven J. Lee, Anand Krishnamoorthy

Journal of Business, Industry, and Economics

This paper investigates the impact of a pilot policy change that mandates asynchronous video lectures (embedded recorded lectures) on student performance in undergraduate online macroeconomics courses. The researchers employed time series regression analysis to assess whether there was a statistically significant difference in student performance before and after the introduction of recorded lectures. The findings reveal that recorded lectures significantly enhance student outcomes in these courses. These results have broader implications beyond the scope of the current study.

Predicting Auditor Dismissals With Shareholder Votes On Auditor Ratification Using Data Mining Tools, Xiaoyan Cheng, Wikil Kwak, Yong Shi, Yi Qu

Journal of Business, Industry, and Economics

In this paper, we revisit the association between shareholder voting on auditor ratification and subsequent auditor changes using data mining approaches as compared to the traditional logit model. Our logit model shows that shareholder voting on auditor ratification is not associated with subsequent auditor dismissals. Although the logit model is widely used to study the relationship between dichotomous observations and influencing factors, machine learning models simulate the structure of the human brain and generate predictions through training. Our data mining tools show that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model shows the best Area Under ROC (AUC) curve, considering AUC is …

An Investigation Into Academic Clustering Among Division Ii Student Athletes, Michael Monahan, Amit Shah

Journal of Business, Industry, and Economics

Academic clustering occurs when at least 25% of the student athletes on any given team have the same academic major. In and of itself, academic clustering is neither good nor bad, however there is the temptation for students to gravitate toward a major which is perceived to be easier, to seek to associate only with team members, or to enlist in majors which do not align with their career ambitions. Is it for flexibility and scheduling to choose an academic major to have the least impact on their sport? This study examined the athletic program at a Division II four-year …

Discovering Farmers’ Views Of On-Farm Precision Experimentation, Reagen G. Tibbs, Maria A. Boerngen

Faculty Publications - Agriculture

Precision agriculture technologies (PATs) have revolutionized agriculture production and provide many benefits to farmers. Among these benefits is the ability to conduct experiments using PATs and collaborate with researchers in a process known as on-farm precision experimentation (OFPE). OFPE is a citizen-science approach that fosters relationships and knowledge-sharing to address challenges of mutual interest. While the literature on precision agriculture is extensive, little research has addressed farmers’ willingness to conduct OFPE with researchers. Interviews with 11 Illinois farmers revealed high adoption rates of PATs. Interest in collaborating with researchers to conduct OFPE was mixed, with farmers identifying clear channels of …

The Law Of The Iterated Logarithm For Lp-Norms Of Kernel Estimators Of Cumulative Distribution Functions, Fuxia Cheng

Faculty Publications – Mathematics

In this paper, we consider the strong convergence of Lp-norms (p ≥ 1) of a kernel estimator of a cumulative distribution function (CDF). Under some mild conditions, the law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) for the Lp-norms of empirical processes is extended to the kernel estimator of the CDF.

Volume Vii, Spring 2024, International Anchoritic Society

International Anchoritic Society Newsletter

No abstract provided.

It Takes A Thief…. And A Bank: Protecting Consumers From Fraud And Scams On P2p Payment Platforms, Cathy Lesser Mansfield

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article proposes statutory and regulatory changes to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act; Regulation E; and the Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering regulations to protect consumers who use instant payment platforms in the United States (such as Zelle and Venmo) from scam artists and fraudsters. After discussing current fraud scams on these payment platforms, the Article discusses the history and context of the 1978 Electronic Fund Transfer Act and Regulation E, and the definition of unauthorized payments and payments made in error therein. The second part of this Article explores changes to the Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering regulations that might make …

Reimagining The Deduction For Employee Compensation, Daniel Schaffa

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

U.S. businesses pay trillions of dollars in employee compensation, a substantial fraction of which is deductible for tax purposes. This deduction reduces the taxable income of businesses, ultimately lowering business tax burdens by hundreds of billions of dollars. With a few exceptions, the tax code confers the same deduction to a business for every dollar of employee compensation, regardless of whether that compensation goes to an employee earning millions or an employee earning minimum wage. This is consistent with a pure Haig-Simons income tax, under which any business expense incurred ought to be deductible dollar-for-dollar. But many, if not most, …

The Necessary And Proper Stewardship Of Judicial Data, Aziz Huq, Zachary Clopton

Articles

Governments and commercial firms create profit and social gain by exploiting large pools of data. One source of valuable data, however, lies in public hands yet remains largely untapped. While the deep reservoirs of data produced by Congress and federal agencies have long been available for public use, the data produced by the federal judiciary is only loosely regulated, imperfectly available to the public at large, and largely ignored by scholars.

The ordinary process of litigation in federal courts generates an enormous volume of data. Especially after recent developments in large language models, this data holds immense potential. It can …

Labor Mobility And The Problems Of Modern Policing, John Rappaport, Jonathan Masur, Aurelie Ouss

Articles

We document and discuss the implications of a striking feature of modern American policing: the stasis of police labor forces. Using an original employment dataset assembled through public records requests, we show that, after the first few years on a job, officers rarely change employers, and intermediate officer ranks are filled almost exclusively through promotion rather than lateral hiring. Policing is like a sports league, if you removed trades and free agency and left only the draft in place.

We identify both nonlegal and legal causes of this phenomenon—ranging from geographic monopolies to statutory and collectively bargained rules about pensions, …

Comparing Population-Level Humoral And Cellular Immunity To Sars-Cov-2 In Bangalore, India, Anup Malani, Jayashree Aiyar, Andrea Sant, Neha Kamran, Manoj Mohanan, Saloni Taneja, Bartek Woda, Wanran Zhao, Anu Acharya

Articles

Two types of immunity, humoral and cellular, offer protection against COVID. Humoral protection, contributed by circulating neutralizing antibodies, can provide immediate protection but decays more quickly than cellular immunity and can lose effectiveness in the face of mutation and drift in the SARS‑ CoV‑2 spike protein. Therefore, population‑level seroprevalence surveys used to estimate population‑ level immunity may underestimate the degree to which a population is protected against COVID. In early 2021, before India began its vaccination campaign, we tested for humoral and cellular immunity to SARS‑Cov‑2 in representative samples of slum and non‑slum populations in Bangalore, India. We found that …

What Do Oral Contraceptive Pills Have To Do With Human Rights Abuses In Sport?, Michele Krech, Katrina Karkazis

Articles

No abstract provided.

Standing And Probabilistic Injury, Curtis Bradley, Ernest Young

Articles

Standing to sue often turns on questions of probability. For example, public law plaintiffs must show that they are likely to be affected by allegedly unlawful government surveillance or environmental policies, and consumers may wish to sue private defendants over false credit reporting or data breaches that may or may not cause them financial or reputational harm in the future. This Article offers a framework for resolving a wide range of these “probabilistic standing” issues. Our core claim is that courts and commentators ask too much of standing doctrine in probabilistic cases. First, scholars sometimes seek a unified theory of …

The Role (And Limits) Of Developmental Neuroscience In Determining Adolescents’ Autonomy Rights: The Case For Reproductive And Voting Rights, Emily Buss, Julie Maslowsky, Laura Wray-Lake

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Bottini Saga: Why Housing Shortages Are Endemic In California, Richard Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Diffusion, Adam Chilton, Anu Bradford, Katerina Linos

Articles

Research on legal diffusion typically focuses on laws’ initial adoption and ignores their later evolution. We develop a typology of three subsequent diffusion patterns: convergence, when countries revise laws to move closer to leading regulators; customization, when countries revise laws to move away from leading regulators; and stagnation, when countries cease legislating, leaving initially adopted laws in place. We then propose a general theory suggesting that economic size and geographic distance from leading regulators predict which of the three patterns countries follow. We explore this theory with case studies on the dynamic diffusion of antitrust laws in Russia, Colombia, and …

The Constitution And Charter In 2022: The Court, The Chief Justice, And Justice Brown, Jamie Cameron

The Supreme Court Law Review: Osgoode’s Annual Constitutional Cases Conference

Osgoode Hall’s 26th Annual Constitutional Cases Conference — the 2022 Year in Review — was held on April 14, 2023. This paper is drawn from the Opening Address, which provides an overview of the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence and is a longstanding feature of the conference. As it explains, the Court’s 13 decisions in 2022 focused almost exclusively on the Charter’s legal rights and remedies, though R. v. Sharma considered and dismissed a claim under section 15, and the Court rendered one decision on public interest standing. The paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the 2022 jurisprudence, adding commentary …

R. V. Sharma: Reckoning With Destabilizing Truths In Constitutional Equality Adjudication, Debra Parkes, Sonia Lawrence

The Supreme Court Law Review: Osgoode’s Annual Constitutional Cases Conference

The Supreme Court of Canada’s 2022 decision in R. v. Sharma provides a window on contemporary but divergent judicial approaches to systemic racism in the criminal legal system and how these inform equality challenges based on race. The Sharma majority follows a trend identified by Efrat Arbel in recognizing the “crisis” of Indigenous mass incarceration using language which diffuses the causes of the crisis and does not generate urgent redress. However, in some cases, including in the Sharma dissent, recognition by judges can be an acceptance of accountability as part of the system which has produced these effects. We then …

Real-World Prior Art, Jonathan Masur, Lisa Ouellette

Articles

No abstract provided.

Competition And Congestion In Trademark Law, Jonathan Masur, Christopher Buccafusco, Mark Mckenna

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Magnet School Wars And The Future Of Colorblindness, Sonja Starr

Articles

The Supreme Court’s recent decision striking down the use of race-based classifications in university admissions reflects its growing commitment to the concept of “colorblindness,” which has implications well beyond education. In anticipation, many schools and other actors are already moving toward alternative, facially race-neutral strategies for promoting diversity and reducing racial disparity. But what will happen when those policies too are challenged because they have race-related motives? Will courts soon find all race-conscious policymaking unlawful based on its ends? This is the next stage of the legal battle over colorblindness, and it is already underway.

The first wave of this …

Grid Reliability In The Electric Era, Joshua Macey, Hannah Wiseman, Shelley Welton

Articles

The United States has delegated the responsibility of keeping the lights on to a self-regulatory organization called the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). Although NERC is a crucial example of industry-led governance—and regulates in an area that is central to our economy and basic human survival—this unusual institution has received scant attention from policymakers and scholars. Such attention is overdue. To decarbonize its economy, the United States must enter a new “electric era,” transitioning many sectors to run on electricity while also transforming the electricity system itself to run largely on clean but intermittent renewable resources. These new resources …

On The Genealogy Of Intimate Digital Harm, Aziz Huq

Articles

No abstract provided.

Insolvency Courts: General Principles For Systems Design, Anthony Casey, Joshua Macey

Articles

This article sets out general principles for designing the role of corporate insolvency courts. The authors identify four general considerations relevant to that design: (a) the sophistication and development of the relevant private markets and private law, (b) the applicable background corporate law principles, (c) the competence—in terms of experience and sophistication, capacity and resources, efficiency, and neutrality and lack of corruption—of the courts in question, and (d) the availability of alternative systems through forum and venue shopping or other forms of exit. Having identified these considerations, the article then explores how each affects the role that insolvency courts should …

The Shadow Of The Law Of The Police, Adam Davidson

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Town Of Meredith, New Hampshire 2023 Annual Report For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2023., Meredith Town Representatives

Meredith, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Of The Officers Of The Town Of Eaton, New Hampshire 2023., Eaton Town Representatives

Eaton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Raymond, New Hampshire 2023 Annual Report., Raymond Town Representatives

Raymond, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

The Harm In The Fiduciary Myth, Kelli Alces Williams

Scholarly Publications

Fiduciary law has become the doctrine of choice in scholarship aiming to protect vulnerable parties from powerful decisionmakers. But fiduciary law cannot fill all the gaps in those impersonal, public relationships because the beneficiary class is large, disparate, and widely dispersed. Public leaders and decision makers cannot zealously pursue the interests of all parties vulnerable to their decision making and they are often driven by various personal interests in choosing which set of beneficiary interests to prioritize. The persistent myth that leaders of large groups are fiduciaries and that fiduciary obligation is the answer to all power imbalance problems harms …

Institutional Racism In The United States Revisited, Carmichael Peters, Louis L. Knowles, Rodè F. Cramer, Glennan Keldin, Hayley Nelson, Lucia Beatty

Open Educational Resources

This book aims to examine the current state of systemic racism in the United States as compared to baseline data collected in 1969. Using recent findings in the fields of history, economics, education, political science and public health, the work reveals the ways in which systemic racism in the US has and has not been addressed in the past five decades.