Digital Commons Network^™

Computationally Assessing Suspicion, Wesley M. Oliver, Morgan A. Gray, Jaromir Savelka, Kevin D. Ashley

University of Cincinnati Law Review

Law enforcement officers performing drug interdiction on interstate highways have to decide nearly every day whether there is reasonable suspicion to detain motorists until a trained dog can sniff for the presence of drugs. The officers’ assessments are often wrong, however, and lead to unnecessary detentions of innocent persons and the suppression of drugs found on guilty ones. We propose a computational method of evaluating suspicion in these encounters and offer experimental results from early efforts demonstrating its feasibility. With the assistance of large language and predictive machine learning models, it appears that judges, advocates, and even police officers could …

Rethinking Culpability And Wrongdoing (In The Criminal Law—And Everyday Life), T. Markus Funk

University of Cincinnati Law Review

Determining an offender’s “culpability” is fundamental to justice systems worldwide. However, this crucial concept, built on a blending of moral responsibility with legal guilt, remains significantly diluted. For instance, the U.S. Model Penal Code uses an offender’s moral culpability merely to “grade” offenses and determine sentences. This prevailing perpetrator-centric approach, mirrored in U.S. state and federal laws and academic discourse, affects individual cases and has far-reaching societal implications.

Viewed this way, “harm” narrowly refers to the concrete damage (or the “injury”), such as physical pain and damage or loss of property, the perpetrator caused. “Culpability,” on the other hand, is …

Judges Should Be Discerning Consensus, Not Evaluating Scientific Expertise, David S. Caudill, Harry Collins, Robert Evans

University of Cincinnati Law Review

One of the most constructive critiques of the Daubert admissibility regime is Professor Edward Cheng’s recent proposal for a new Consensus Rule in the Federal Rules of Evidence. Rejecting the notion that judges and juries have the capacity to evaluate scientific expertise, Cheng’s proposal would eliminate Daubert hearings—and judicial gatekeeping concerning expert testimony—and require judges and juries, in their verdicts, to follow consensus in the relevant scientific community. Significantly, Cheng argues that judges and juries would have an easier time identifying consensus than they have in deciding between experts who disagree.

We find Cheng’s emphasis on consensus compelling, and …

Constitutional Rights And Retrenchment: The Elusive Promise Of Equal Citizenship, Deborah L. Brake

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Missing Links: Why Hyperlinks Must Be Treated As Attachments In Electronic Discovery, Lea Malani Bays, Stuart A. Davidson

University of Cincinnati Law Review

This Article sheds light on a unique but centrally important “twenty-first century” issue involving electronic discovery in federal civil litigation that is just beginning to percolate in federal district courts. Historically, courts have held that a document attached to or enclosed with another document must be produced together when produced in response to a discovery request, as that is how the document was “kept in the usual course of business” and how it is “ordinarily maintained or in a reasonably usable form,” as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure have required for decades. Today, parties are pushing back on whether …

A Tribute To Professor Marjorie Corman Aaron Upon Her Retirement, Sandra F. Sperino

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Professor, Teacher, And Friend, John Ravasio

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

For The Betterment Of The World: Tikkun Olam In The Scholarship Of Marjorie Corman Aaron, Janet Moore

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Privileged To Call Her A Friend: A Tribute To Marjorie Corman Aaron, Dwight Golann

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Aaron’S Practice Focus—In Focus At The Cpr Institute, Russ Bleemer

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Chronic Inequities: Environmental & Structural Racism During Covid-19 And Hurricane Laura Disaster Recovery, Tomeka M. Robinson, Sabrina Singh

Critical Disaster Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified the realities of systemic health inequities within the United States. While the virus has severely impacted the entire country, people of color bear the brunt of this pandemic, from surges of COVID-19 cases in their communities to spikes in unemployment rates. Simultaneously, citizens are dealing with the impacts of natural disasters such as hurricanes along the Gulf Coast. The common denominator concerning these two stressors is that they can be exacerbated by institutional racism. This can be seen in the case of a small city in Southwest Louisiana, namely, Lake Charles, which has become a …

Book Review: The Shaming State: How The U.S. Treats Citizens In Need, Steve Matthewman

Critical Disaster Studies

Salman’s book centers two different constituencies, in two different locations, in the 2010s, who have been impacted by two different disasters. The first group are Iraqi refugees who have been resettled in Wayne County, Michigan. Trying to start again over half a world away, they are trapped in the transit lounge of life, never able to move on, never able to properly belong. They found a state in recession, the automobile industry collapsing, the city of Detroit bankrupt. Their particular county had higher unemployment than the state’s average and a poor median income as well. Economically speaking, ‘Michigan fared worse …

More Of Less: Optimizing Opioid Prescriptions For Acute Fractures In The Emergency Department At A Children’S Hospital, Colton Schwarz, Spencer Wittmeyer, Mitch Kinkor, Michelle Dephillips, Elizabeth Edmundson, Ryan Mcdonough, Warren Teachout, Nicholas Clark

Research Days

Quality improvement project that aims to improve opioid stewardship in acute fracture management.

Bridging The Gap: Women's Leadership Roles In Disaster Management, Kirsten Tse, Chelsea Tse

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

Gender disparities significantly influence how people prepare for, respond to, and recover from natural disasters. This poster investigates how gender gaps impact women's leadership roles in emergency management at local levels before, during, and after natural disasters. It seeks to assess the qualities of women in emergency management and how they contribute to efficacy and inclusivity throughout all phases of the disaster management cycle. By analyzing existing literature, including leadership, socio-cultural factors, gender roles and dynamics, and personality studies, this paper will identify key areas where women can provide meaningful contributions to emergency management. This study uses thematic analysis to …

Gpt-4 Assisted Categorization And Visualization Of Ntsb Uav Accident Reports, Eugene Z. Pik

Discovery Day - Daytona Beach

The 731% increase in the professional Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) fleet size, from 2016 to 2023, highlights the growing reliance on UAVs for commercial operations. This surge in usage has been accompanied by escalating safety concerns, highlighted by the National Transportation Safety Board’s (NTSB) investigations into UAV-related incidents. Addressing the gap in systematic categorization and visualization of UAV accident reports, this study leverages GPT-4's natural language processing capabilities and a suite of Python-based scripts and data analysis libraries. By analyzing 34 NTSB UAV accident reports, the research enhances the understanding of accident causality through the alignment of incidents with predefined …

Characterization Of Nationally Reported Pediatric Deaths Involving Fentanyl Ingestions In Missouri, Margaret Campbell, Mary Moffatt, Emily Killough, Terra Frazier

Research Days

There has been a dramatic rise in pediatric deaths associated with synthetic opioid use, with the most prominent being Fentanyl. This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Center for Fatality Review and Prevention with the goal of identifying risk factors that increase the vulnerability of children to Fentanyl ingestion. Ultimately this research may help lead to improved identification of at risk children with the goal of implementation of targeted prevention programming.

Electrical Stimulation Of The Medial Pin After Insertion Is Safe And Effective In Preventing Iatrogenic Ulnar Nerve Neuropraxias In Type Iii Supracondylar Fractures. A Case Series Of 128 Consecutive Patients., Lucas Georger B.A., Mckenna Noe B.S., Richard M. Schwend M.D.

Research Days

This case series explores the safety and efficacy of using a disposable nerve stimulator for intraoperative stimulation of both medial and lateral pins in Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures, revealing no instances of ulnar nerve stimulation response or postoperative iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury, thereby highlighting the potential for this cost-effective approach to ensure stable medial column pin fixation without ulnar nerve complications.

Understanding The Needs Of Georgia’S Hispanic/Latinx Population Regarding Adolescent Health, Aylin Diaz, Evelina W. Sterling

Symposium of Student Scholars

Georgia’s Department of Public Health’s Adolescent Health and Youth Development (AHYD) Program is based on the Positive Youth Development Approach as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This approach engages youth within their communities, schools and organizations, peer groups, and families in a productive and constructive manner. Overall, the AHYD program aims at preventing HIV, STIs, and pregnancy among all youth. In Georgia, the Hispanic/Latino population has grown to over 10% of our total population. However, adolescent health programs within Georgia have not specifically focused on the cultural differences among the large Hispanic/Latino community. This study takes …

Michigan Reading Journal General Call For Manuscripts & Graphics

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Michigan Notable Books 2024

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Homegrown Joy: Celebrating Michigan Authors, Melinda Babarskis, Adam Oster, Leah Van Belle

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Blended Genres: Pairing Picturebooks And Poems Across The Curriculum, William P. Bintz

Michigan Reading Journal

Abstract

This article reports on an action research project conducted by a teacher educator in literacy education as part of a graduate course entitled Reading and Writing across the Content Areas. The purpose of the project was to actively engage graduate students, all of whom were pre-service and in-service teachers, in a course-related project in which students developed and implemented blended genres across the curriculum. It begins by situating blended genres within the traditional notion of paired text as a curricular resource and instructional strategy to support the process of intertextuality. It provides a brief overview of the course-related …

Safeguarding Learning Before, During, And After Emergency Remote Teaching, Carol Ann Paul, Lisa Reason

Michigan Reading Journal

This qualitative study explores 25 elementary educators’ experiences after Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) and examines the role of technology and face-to-face (f2f) interactions in the literacy classroom. Teachers in the study found substantial learning lags and extreme difficulty getting students reacclimated back into the classroom postpandemic. While they found technology to be adequate for differentiation and instant feedback, they noted the importance of f2f interaction for building relationships, social and emotional learning (SEL), reading, language, and fine motor skills. Aligned with Duke and Cartwright’s (2021) Active View of Reading Model, the study’s results advocate integrating SEL and literacy instruction, along …

Supporting Students’ Social-Emotional And Literacy Development With Read-Alouds, Allison Phillippe

Michigan Reading Journal

Literacy practices involving children’s literature, such as interactive read-alouds, are one way to integrate transformative SEL and literacy to simultaneously support children’s academic and social-emotional education goals. While there is plenty of evidence that supports social-emotional learning (SEL) and literacy integration, more research is needed to explore approaches that integrate transformative SEL aimed at fostering more equitable learning enviornments and providing suggestions for teachers to replicate this type of instruction in their own classrooms. In this article, I describe my researcher-practitioner collaboration with a fifth-grade teacher to design a justice-oriented approach to integrate SEL and literacy called Read Alouds for …

President-Elect’S Message…, Liz Lietz

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Full Issue: Volume 56, No. 3

Michigan Reading Journal

No abstract provided.

Mugsi: Distilling Gnns With Multi-Granularity Structural Information For Graph Classification, Tianjun Yao, Jiaqi Sun, Defu Cao, Kun Zhang, Guangyi Chen

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Recent works have introduced GNN-to-MLP knowledge distillation (KD) frameworks to combine both GNN's superior performance and MLP's fast inference speed. However, existing KD frameworks are primarily designed for node classification within single graphs, leaving their applicability to graph classification largely unexplored. Two main challenges arise when extending KD for node classification to graph classification: (1) The inherent sparsity of learning signals due to soft labels being generated at the graph level; (2) The limited expressiveness of student MLPs, especially in datasets with limited input feature spaces. To overcome these challenges, we introduce MuGSI, a novel KD framework that employs Multi-granularity …

Pour Une Diffusion Éthique Des Connaissances De La Médecine Traditionnelle: L’Intersection De La Culture Yoruba Et Des Besoins Médicaux, Isabel Sala

CISLA Senior Integrative Projects

No abstract provided.

Toward Automated Knowledge Discovery In Case-Based Reasoning, Sherri Weitl-Harms, John Hastings, Jay H. Powell

Research & Publications

Automated Case Elicitation (ACE) enables case-based reasoning (CBR) systems to automatically acquire knowledge through real-time exploration and interaction with environments. CBR is an explainable AI methodology, where decisions are based on previous encounters. ACE combined with CBR continues learning as it is being deployed, and produces specific cases that can be reviewed by humans, unlike pretrained large language models (LLMs) that learn by training offline on prior data. ACE and CBR may be useful methods to gather training data for use with generative AI, or to help them to adapt on the fly. This research explores ACE's potential by applying …