Digital Commons Network^™

The Missing Caselaw Of Reverse-Payment Settlements, Michael A. Carrier, Edward Bank

St. John's Law Review

In 2013, the Supreme Court issued one of the most important antitrust rulings in the past generation. In FTC v. Actavis, the Court held that agreements by which brand drug firms pay generics to delay entering the market could violate antitrust law.

Some have criticized the Court for not providing sufficient guidance on the type of analysis courts should apply to settlements involving “reverse payments” (in which patentees pay infringers to delay entry in contrast to more typical agreements by which alleged infringers pay patentees to enter). For example, in his dissent in Actavis, Chief Justice Roberts wrote: …

Guaranteeing The Press, Jacob M. Schriner-Briggs

St. John's Law Review

A vibrant press is vital to meaningful self-government. Indeed, the indispensability of investigative journalism to democracy raises the stakes of the news industry’s ongoing collapse. Many of the country’s most prominent outlets are shedding jobs as local operations shutter entirely. The downstream effects of this market contraction frustrate the informed exercise of popular sovereignty.

Because journalism is a public good in the economic sense, the state must intervene to provision it. To this end, scholars have generally endorsed one of two legal bases for government action. The first argues that the First Amendment can constitutionalize press-favoring market interventions. The second …

Gender Sidelining In Schools And The Scourge Of Single Sex School Leadership, Kelley King, Jessica Fink

St. John's Law Review

Concerns about unequal gender representation have plagued virtually every workplace in recent decades. In countless professions, even those in which women comprise a majority of the workforce, leadership positions are dominated by men. Often, the inability of women to rise within the professional hierarchy stems not only from overt acts of sex discrimination, but also from more subtle and nuanced bias in the workplace—bias referred to in other research as “gender sidelining.” This sidelining seems particularly paradoxical when it arises in professions in which women already have been funneled due to their gender—including the education sphere. In this way, the …

Officers Of Administration And Faculty

St. John's Law Review

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

St. John's Law Review

No abstract provided.

Improving Solar Air Heater Performance By Using New Novelty Perforated V-Shaped Barriers Experimental Solar Air Collector, Absorber Surface, V-Shaped, Friction Factor, Sajjad Tariq A. Shafi, Mohammed K. Al-Saadi, Ameer Abed Jaddoa

Terra Joule Journal

To enhance the heat transfer rate and the thermal performance of solar air heaters, specific methodologies such as artificial roughness, barriers, and obstructions should be employed to augment the heat exchange between the working fluid and the absorber surface. In this study, perforated V-shaped obstructions were utilized, featuring circular, hexagonal, square, rectangular, and triangular geometries. These obstructions were securely affixed to the absorber plate within a channel measuring 150 × 50 × 5 cm, increasing the exit temperature of the air traversing through the channel. The experimental investigation comprises six distinct cases conducted in November in Baghdad, Iraq, aimed at …

Optimizing Wind Turbine Performance: The Impact Of Atmospheric Factors And Advanced Control Strategies, Alaa Abdulhady Jaber, Latif Ibraheem, Harshil Patel

Terra Joule Journal

Wind energy, a cornerstone of renewable energy solutions, provides a sustainable means of meeting global energy demands while minimizing environmental impact. This study investigates the influence of meteorological factors—wind speed, temperature, air pressure, and turbulence—on wind turbine performance and energy yield. Numerical techniques employed in the work include Euler's Method, Runge-Kutta 4th Order (RK₄), and Physics-Informed Neural Networks, which were applied to simulate dynamics for turbine performance optimization. In addition, the Jensen's Wake Model has been applied for wake effect analysis and optimization of turbine spacing in wind farms. Moreover, yaw and pitch control strategies have been investigated …

Accessibility To Menstrual Products At The University Of Northern Iowa, Catrina Tounjian, Disa Cornish

Research in the Capitol

Period poverty is the inability to access menstrual products due to economic vulnerability. In the US, 1 in 5 menstruating students miss school due to period poverty. Educational disparities that derive from period poverty must be investigated. At the University of Northern Iowa (UNI), a student-led initiative aims to reduce academic barriers created by period poverty. Within one semester, nearly 3,000 tampons and 2,500 pads were distributed across 17 academic buildings. This study evaluates the impact of free menstrual products on campus by analyzing usage and student feedback, revealing a positive effect on academic attainability. However, the initiative's sustainability is …

Who Owns Their Dead: Unequal Access To Reptriation In The United States, Sydney Blum

Research in the Capitol

Museums and scientific institutions in the United States house human remains and important cultural objects in their collections; materials obtained in various manners over the past few centuries. In 1990, Congress passed the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which mandated that federally funded institutions return Native remains and cultural objects to the affiliated tribe. Over the last three decades the rules have been modified a couple of times with the input of tribes and institutions. This has become an ongoing negotiation process as both public and professional conversations change. In recent conversations of repatriation, the topic has even …

Benchmarked For Arbitration: Work Avoidance As An Explanation For Why Judges Have Become Increasingly Favorable Toward Compelled Arbitration, Michael Conklin

Pepperdine Law Review

The clear trajectory over the last 100 years has been for judges to become increasingly more favorable toward sending disputes to compelled arbitration and enforcing arbitration awards. This results in a modern widespread proliferation of compelled arbitration that has become increasingly controversial. Some have alleged that the steady trend toward courts favoring compelled arbitration is the result of a corresponding building up of trust among judges in the arbitration process. This Article posits an alternative theory: Namely, judges face immense incentives to clear their dockets, and compelled arbitration is a highly efficient tool to that end. Exploring the historical trajectory …

Investigating Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Using Assistive Technology In Teaching Students With Hearing Impairments, Salma Masoud

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aims to investigate Jordanian teachers’ attitudes towards using assistive technology to teach students with impaired hearing. The research was conducted during the academic year 2022-2023, utilizing one data collection tool: an online questionnaire distributed to 347 special education teachers from Al-Amal Schools for the Deaf in Jordan. The data was analyzed using SPSS, with mean, standard deviation, and percentage calculations. The results indicate that teachers have positive attitudes toward the use of assistive technology for students with impaired hearing.

Arbitration Fees, Expenses And Determination Controls, Muhanned Al-Taani, Tawfiq Al-Majali, Rageh Mosabeh, Yousef Mayah

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

The Jordanian Arbitration Law No. 31 of 2001, along with its amendment No. 16 of 2018, addresses arbitration fees and expenses. Article 41/D (1, 2, 3) outlines how to determine the arbitrators' fees, their distribution, and how to handle situations when one party fails to pay its share, assigning the second party to pay on their behalf. Once the final arbitration decision is issued, the arbitration fees and expenses are determined. Decisions regarding these fees are subject to appeal before the relevant appeals court within fifteen days. However, the law does not comprehensively regulate this matter. Unless a written agreement …

Manifestations Of Referential And Methodological Dualities In Postcolonial Literary And Critical Discourse, Omar Al-Anber

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

Postcolonial discourse is a literary and critical postmodern discourse that operates both internally and externally, intertwining politics, knowledge, literary texts, and critical analysis to examine the effects of the postcolonial experience. This study aims to uncover the referential and methodological dualities which shape postcolonial discourse and guide its methodological approaches and tools. The study concluded that postcolonial discourse exhibits two main types of dualities. The first is referential dualities, which can be categorized into five types: colonial literature vs. postcolonial literature, colonialism vs. imperialism, postcolonial literature vs. postcolonial criticism, the relationship between innovation and tradition in postcolonial literature and criticism, …

The Role Of Kindergarten Curriculum In Developing Soft Skills Among Children From The Perspective Of Kindergarten Teachers, Najat Horani

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

The present study aimed to explore the role of kindergarten curriculum in developing soft skills among children from the perspective of kindergarten teachers. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey approach and utilized a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The study sample consisted of 275 kindergarten teachers from public schools under the Mafraq District Directorate of Education. The results indicated that the role of the kindergarten curriculum in developing children's soft skills was high, with a mean score of 3.76. Furthermore, the findings showed no statistically significant differences at the (α ≤ 0.05) significance level in participants’ assessments based …

The Effectiveness Of The Reciprocal Teaching Strategy In Improving The Learning Of Basic Stage Students From The Perspective Of Islamic Education Teachers, Yousef Samhann

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of the reciprocal teaching strategy in improving the learning of basic stage students from the perspective of Islamic education teachers in public schools under the First Zarqa Directorate of Education. The study adopted a descriptive survey approach, utilizing a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The sample consisted of 175 male and female teachers from public schools in the First Zarqa Directorate of Education, selected through a cluster random sampling method. The results indicated that the effectiveness of the reciprocal teaching strategy in improving students' learning, as perceived by Islamic education teachers, …

Choosing The Ideal Husband From A Girl's Perspective: The Case Of University Students In Jordan, Nesreen Attieh, Haya Tarawneh

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

The study aims to identify the factors and reasons that influence the decision to choose an ideal husband from the perspective of university students. A descriptive approach was applied in this research, and a questionnaire was developed as the primary tool for data collection. The questionnaire included general characteristics of the study sample and 16 items. Additionally, a non-probability convenience sample of 100 undergraduate students from the University of Jordan was selected. The results revealed that the largest percentage of the study sample had an average economic income, with many participants residing in Amman and Fuhais. Regarding the importance of …

The Level Of Job Gratitude Among Special Education Teachers In Arab Schools Within The Green Line From The Perspective Of Principals And Teachers, Shereen Azab, Nouwar Al-Hamad

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aimed to identify the level of job gratitude among special education teachers in Arab schools in the Haifa district within the Green Line, from the perspectives of both principals and teachers, and to explore the impact of variables such as gender, academic qualification, job title, and years of experience on this level. The study sample consisted of 348 principals and teachers, selected conveniently. A descriptive survey method was used, and a questionnaire was designed with three domains and distributed electronically. The results of the study showed that the level of job gratitude among special education teachers in Arab …

The Economic Effects Of The Russian-Ukrainian War Of 2022 On Global Food Security, Ahmed Al-Hiyary

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aims to shed light on the economic effects of the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022 on global food security and to examine its repercussions on international food markets and the global food supply shortage. The war has directly contributed to further disruptions in global food supply chains due to rising shipping costs. Both Ukraine and Russia play major roles in global food markets, as they are among the world’s most significant producers and exporters of arable crops. Consequently, the war has had profound global repercussions, particularly on food security, leading to a surge in the prices of most food …

The Role Of Public School Principals In The University District Education Directorate In Enhancing Teachers' Professional Growth From Their Perspective, Nadia Dahbour

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aimed to identify the role of school principals' self-management practices in enhancing teachers' professional growth from their perspective. The study utilized a descriptive method with a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The sample consisted of 275 male and female teachers from public schools in the University District Directorate of Education, selected through simple random sampling. The results showed that school principals' self-management practices in enhancing teachers' professional growth in the University District Directorate of Education, from their perspective, were rated high, with a mean score of 3.85. Additionally, the results indicated that there were statistically significant differences …

The Degree Of Commitment Of Public School Teachers In The Ramtha District To The Ethics Of The Teaching Profession In Light Of Post-Covid Developments From The Perspective Of Principals And Teachers, Reem Al-Batainah, Saleh Oleimat

Jordan Journal of Applied Science-Humanities Series

This study aimed to assess the degree of commitment of public school teachers in the Ramtha district to the ethics of the teaching profession, considering post-COVID developments from the perspectives of principals and teachers. A descriptive survey method was employed, utilizing a questionnaire as the data collection tool. This was administered to a sample of 347 principals and teachers, selected through simple random sampling. The study's findings indicated a high degree of commitment among public school teachers in the Ramtha district to the teaching profession's ethics post-COVID. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were found at the significance level (α=0.05) in …

Making Their Mark: Women Judges On The U.S. Courts Of Appeals, Laura P. Moyer, John Szmer, Susan Haire, Robert Christensen

ConLawNOW

Women who reach the bench in the U.S. Courts of Appeals have endured the gauntlet of law school, legal practice, and Senate confirmation to secure their prestigious place in the federal judiciary. How do these exceptional individuals approach their role in shaping judicial policy—and how do their colleagues receive their work? In this paper, we will draw on findings from an original dataset of published decisions from 2009-2016 that suggests that women judges invest more time and effort in crafting majority opinions than their male counterparts, but that this investment has a comparatively lower yield in influencing the development of …

Navigating The Paths To Justice: A Study On The Role Of Social Supports In Responding To Justiciable Events, Andrew Pilliar

Journal of Law and Social Policy

This article reports the results of an in-depth qualitative study of advice-seeking behaviours in a large Canadian city. Nine participants were recruited from neighbourhood houses in the Vancouver area to discuss their experiences in responding to one of two kinds of justiciable event: a personal injury or a government benefits problem. The paper offers a detailed discussion of nuances in how individuals experienced, characterized, and took action in response to their justiciable problem. Notably, many of the research participants spoke about the importance of social supports and the contingent nature of those supports, both in understanding what they had experienced …

19th Annual Research In The Capitol [Program], March 31, 2025, University Of Northern Iowa. University Honors Program. Iowa State University. Honors Program. University Of Iowa. Honors Program.

Research in the Capitol Programs

Program of research presentations given at the Capitol by students from the University of Northern Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Iowa.

Icms3 Explainer Infographic, Conor Shaw, James O'Donnell

Tools

International standardisation is important for consistency in climate and financial governance. EU and Irish policy is moving to require Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Life Cycle Carbon Emissions (LCCE) reporting.

The Case For Expanding The Right To An Interpreter Beyond The Courtroom, Ivy Tengge Xu

Journal of Law and Social Policy

For an accused who is not proficient in an official language, interpreter assistance is critical to ensure a basic level of understanding and participation in the criminal process. Section 14 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms constitutionalizes the protection against linguistic prejudice in legal proceedings. The Supreme Court of Canada has given section 14 a generous interpretation in the criminal context, but the availability and quality of courtroom interpretation is often compromised in practice due to a shortage of qualified interpreters and concerns about delays. Outside the courtroom, however, neither the Charter nor any statutory right in Canada …

The Impact Of User-Generated Content And Online Reaction Videos On The Marketing Of Video Games, Diane R. Edmondson, Randy Clark, Trevor Golter

Atlantic Marketing Journal

Modern developments in social media, video streaming platforms, and user-generated online content from influencers have led to a growth in video game marketing. One of the prominent genres of user-generated content on video platforms is the reaction video. These videos are relied upon for spreading information and marketing in the video game industry. Providing a better understanding of the impact of this video game promotional outlet is beneficial for marketers, social media influencers, and businesses in this industry. We collected data from 623 Southeastern University undergraduate students to address this topic using a Qualtrics survey. The survey consisted of two …

Antecedents And Outcomes Of Servant Leadership: Implications For The Salesforce, James Deconinck, Drew Carnes, Julie Johnson-Busbin

Atlantic Marketing Journal

The uniqueness of a salesperson’s job makes leadership especially important in professional selling. This study examined antecedents and outcomes of servant leadership. A model analyzing the relationship among moral identity, servant leadership, organizational justice, turnover intentions, and turnover was tested with a sample of 233 business-to-business salespeople and 76 sales managers via a multilevel structural equation model using MPLUS software. Moral identity was a direct antecedent of servant leadership. Servant leadership was both an indirect predictor of turnover through organizational justice and a direct predictor of turnover. Two direct hypotheses were not supported. Both interpersonal justice and procedural justice were …

Reconceptualizing Career Plateauing: An Intrapersonal Network Identity Approach, Brian R. Kinard, Subhra Chakrabarty

Atlantic Marketing Journal

This study examined the role of contextual performance in minimizing the negative outcomes of career plateauing. Based on the intrapersonal identity network theory (Ramarajan, 2014), career plateauing was conceptualized as an identity threat. A random sample of employees was surveyed to measure their perception of career plateauing and contextual performance. The results indicated that contextual performance was negatively related to career plateauing. Consequently, employees dealt with the identity threat by working on building a positive identity (contextual performance). It was also found that age was positively related to career plateauing. Thus, in personnel evaluations, contextual performance should be equally weighted …

Faculty Senate Minutes March 31, 2025, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• Call to Order
• Approval of Minutes - March 3, 2025
• University Business
• Faculty Senate Business
• Information
• EPC Report - March 6, 2025
• Reports
• Budget and Faculty Welfare Committee
• Sustainability Council
• Policy 323, 378, 389
• New Business
• Old Business
• Adjourn - 4:00 pm

Faculty Senate Agenda March 31, 2025, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

• 3:00 Call to Order
• Approval of Minutes March 3, 2025
• 3:05 University Business
• 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
• 3:35 Information
• EPC Report - March 6, 2025
• 3:40 Report
• Budget and Faculty Welfare Committee
• Sustainability Council
• Policy 323, 378, 389
• 4:00 Old Business
• 4:05 New Business
• 2025-2026 Calendar and Committee Reports
• President-Elect Nominations
• Adjourn: 4:30 pm