Digital Commons Network^™

Fourth Amendment Hydraulics And Programmatic Surveillance, David C. Gray

American University Law Review

There is a hydraulic relationship between Fourth Amendment rights and remedies. When rights expand, remedies shrink, and vice versa. That makes good sense. At its heart, the Fourth Amendment requires striking a reasonable balance between the competing interests of citizens and their government. Expanding rights by, say, adopting a more expansive definition of “searches,” or applying the Fourth Amendment to a new category of government conduct, compromises government interests. When this happens, courts can, and should, bring things back into balance by adjusting remedies.

Sometimes the Court is cognizant of this hydraulic relationship. When the Court expanded Fourth Amendment rights …

Federal Compassionate Release Principles: Defining The Contours Of Analyses Under The “Other Reasons” Bucket, Hannah Jacobs

American University Law Review

The U.S. Sentencing Commission’s new policy statement regarding 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A) informs federal judges’ sentence reduction analyses. The statement expands the extraordinary and compelling reasons for which district courts may grant compassionate release under the statute’s “Other Reasons” provision. A proper application of this catchall provision requires striking a balance between the broad judicial discretion codified in that provision and the flexibility, certainty, and fairness principles Congress and the Sentencing Commission intended to shape modern compassionate release. This discretion is bound by statutory, policy, and prudential considerations, including fidelity to the totality-of-the-circumstances framework and a case-by-case approach to individual …

Town Of Dummer, Nh Annual Report Of The Town Officers For The Year Ended December 31, 2024, Dummer Town Representatives

Dummer, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

A Systematic Review And Evaluation Of The Tools Measuring Work-Related Psychosocial Factors In Prospective Research On Sickness Absence Of Health Care Workers, Laurent Corthésy-Blondin, Simona Margheritti, Samantha Vila Masse, Andrea Gragnano, Alessia Negrini

Revues de littérature, synthèses de connaissances

Purpose:

This systematic literature review aims to list the validated tools measuring work-related psychosocial factors (WRPFs) influence health care workers’ (HCWs) sickness absence (SA), and to evaluate their psychometric and practical properties.

Methods:

Using the PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases, the search targeted prospective studies on WRPFs and SA in HCWs published between 2012 and 2023. The validated, self-report tools that measured WRPFs and that yielded at least one significant predictor of SA in HCWs were identified. An evaluation of the psychometric and practical properties was performed.

Results:

Based on inclusion criteria, three prospective studies on HCWs were …

Updating Rainfall Zones And Intensities In Nebraska For Improved Design Of Non-Bridge-Sized Drainage Structures, Rezaul Mahmood, Tirthankar Roy, Chanchal Gupta, Kanak Kanti Kar, William Sorenson

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

This study assesses the effectiveness of precipitation zones and Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves used by the Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) for designing drainage structures. Twenty stations were selected for the analysis of revised IDF curves out of forty-two stations. Datasets have been considered from the National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI). By Comparing the new curves with existing ones, the study efforts examine the frequency, duration and severe rainfall. The results show that the IDF curves for various zones and stations varied noticeably from one another. Also, noticed that Zone A and B shows lower rainfall intensities in short to …

Control System Development To Improve Outcomes In Policing Of Gun Crimes, Raylene Guo, Sara Magdalena Gómez, Sean Lee, Hongke Lu, Mihir Singh, Scottie Yang

ENGS 89/90 Reports

Law enforcement officials struggle to identify perpetrators of shootings quickly, reliably, and effectively. Data indicates that certain areas are more prone to shootings. Most shootings occur in dense urban areas that makes it difficult to discern relevant individuals related to a shooting and perpetrators of shootings often flee the scene of the crime. We created a cost effective control system that rapidly and accurately identifies individuals in the area in which a gunshot is fired. In order to accomplish this, we integrate existing acoustic sensor technology with cellular phone identification techniques. The acoustic sensors detect and distinguish gunshots and then …

Designing A More Accessible Wheelock Street, Kevin Hogan, Olivia Mcfield, Evelyn Piech, Karson Smith

ENGS 89/90 Reports

This project proposes new designs of West Wheelock Street - a minor arterial road in Hanover, New Hampshire that experiences heavy pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicular traffic. The guiding objectives of the redesigns are improving the safety of and quality of the experience for‬ pedestrians and cyclists, whose needs have been neglected by traditional transportation‬ engineering design. Three alternative streetscape designs are proposed, guided by the‬ Department of Transportation’s Complete Streets ideology, recommendations from the Hanover‬ Bike Walk Committee, and user feedback from Dartmouth College students and Upper Valley‬ residents. The first alternative centers around pedestrians, the second on cyclists, and …

Safer, More Useable 3d Printers For Schools, Maeve Conneely, Lauren Kidman, George Richards, Josh Meise, Suzan Eskalen

ENGS 89/90 Reports

With recent technological advances, 3D printing has become widely accessible. This has allowed for greater ease in producing and obtaining machine gun conversion devices (MCDs). MCDs have the capacity to turn semi-automatic rifles and handguns into fully automatic machine guns. Even though it is illegal to print, own, or sell MCDs, print files for these devices are freely available on file sharing websites and easy to produce via 3D printing. It naturally follows that this increase in access to MCDs increases the potential risk for mass shootings. Additionally, 3D printing technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent in educational settings, such as …

The Silent Cycle Of Violence: The Consequences Of Forced Return Migration And Strategies For Sustainable Reintegration, Guadalupe Loza-Mendez

CMC Senior Theses

The consequences of weaponizing deportations reshape human security in countries receiving high levels of forcibly returned migrants. Through a comparative case study, this thesis examines how different forms of organized crime — cartels in México and gangs in El Salvador — interact with and capitalize on returnee populations. While the origins and manifestations of organized crime differ between México and El Salvador, both demonstrate clear linkages between forced return migration from destination countries and declining human security in countries of origin through three key mechanisms: imported criminal structures, targeted recruitment of vulnerable returnees, and trickle-down effects on local communities.

Many …

Casd 2482 Introduction To Rehabilitative Audiology, Rosette Reisman

Open Educational Resources

Auditory intervention for children and adults; implications for early hearing detection and intervention; assessing communicative needs. Amplification devices, cochlear implants, hearing assistive technology, hearing protection and modes of communication. Experiential clinical-related activities.

Intro To Puerto Rican And Latinx Studies, Jasmine Mitchell

Open Educational Resources

“Survey and theoretical foundations in Puerto Rican and Latinx Studies. Case study on Puerto Rico. Pertinent themes in Puerto Rican and Latinx history, culture, literature, contemporary society, and politics. Impact of the United States’ economic policies on Puerto Rico and the causes of Puerto Rican and Latinx migration to New York City and urban centers. Satisfies Pathways Flexible Core US Experience in Its Diversity requirement.”

Optimization, Machine Learning, And Networking Solutions For Cyber-Physical Systems, Xu Tao

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) represent a transformative paradigm that integrates sensing, computation, and actuation through networked systems to enable intelligent, context-aware applications across various domains. Despite their growing potential, CPS still face critical challenges, particularly in maintaining reliable, low-latency communication and efficient data processing in resource-constrained and dynamic environments. These challenges are further magnified in rural or remote deployments, where traditional network infrastructure is often unavailable or unreliable. This dissertation addresses these challenges through the development of optimization and inference algorithms that enhance network performance in Software-Defined Networks (SDN), using techniques such as reinforcement learning and network tomography for efficient routing. …

Covid-19 Impacts On Refugee-Serving Ngos In Clarkston And The Atlanta Metropolitan Area, Georgia, United States, Ghazal Khaksari

Theses and Dissertations--Anthropology

This study provides a unique anthropological perspective on how technology, language, NGO staff, and culture intersect during emergency times, which can affect NGOs’ abilities to reach and help communities. Findings of this study emphasize the importance of equality in digital access and of available and culturally competent interpreters in reducing the gap between NGOs and refugee communities. The digital divide has played a fundamental role during the pandemic, often leading to other problems for both NGOs and refugees. This issue has taken a variety of forms in terms of access to education, language classes, community cohesion, and communication with and …

Upcycled Waste-Derived Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Sustainable Energy Harvesting, Archana Panda, Basanta Kumar Panigrahi, Subhendu Pati, Sunit Gourav Mohanty, Kushal Ruthvik Kaja

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The proliferation of disposable paper-based materials in laboratories has raised significant environmental concerns due to their rapid discard and accumulation. This study explores the upcycling of commonly discarded laboratory waste, specifically butter paper and polyurethane (PU) foam, into a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for mechanical energy harvesting. The fabricated device employs butter paper as the positive triboelectric layer and PU foam as the negative layer, with an aluminium tape electrode. Electrical tests reveal a peak voltage of 21 V and current of 47 nA, reaching a maximum power of 438 nW at 500 MΩ load. The TENG demonstrates stable performance …

Capital Punishment, Crimmigration, And The Necropolitical Agenda Against Noncitizens, Erin R. Collins

Law Faculty Publications

On January 20, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14164, Restoring the Death Penalty and Protecting Public Safety. This Order, one of twenty-six signed on Inauguration Day, directs the Attorney General to seek the death penalty for any “capital crime committed by an alien illegally present in this country,” and specifies the mandate applies “regardless of other factors.” In other words, the Order requires federal prosecutors to set aside their duty to determine what punishment comports with justice in an individual case, and instead seek the authority to kill anyone who is within the country without lawful status upon …

A Small Price To Pay For Better Mental Health Crisis Care: Why States Should Be Funding The New 988 Hotline Through Phone Fees, Katherine Menello

Law Student Publications

Mental health care in the United States is uncoordinated, underresourced, and overall insufficient. Mental health crisis care is much the same, but with much higher stakes. The lack of a comprehensive mental health crisis care system across the country has led to law enforcement involvement becoming the default system in most communities. Yet, an overwhelming majority of Americans want a better way; in a survey conducted in summer 2023, “85% of people sa[id] they want a mental health response to someone experiencing a mental health, drug or suicide crisis, not a police response.”...

Town Of Lempster, New Hampshire, Incorporated 1767, Annual Reports For The Year Ending December 31, 2024, Lempster Town Representatives

Lempster, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Promoting Public Health And Public Safety By Ending The Exclusion Of Incarcerated Children From Access To Medicaid, Eduardo R. Ferrer

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This essay is a response to Professor Den Houter's article entitled Children are Not Inmates in which she effectively calls eliminating the exclusion of indigent incarcerated children from Medicaid coverage pursuant to the Medicaid Inmate Exclusion Policy (MIEP). This essay affirms and builds upon Professor Den Houter's recommendation. Part I of this response provides additional support for why ensuring system-involved youth receive timely, uninterrupted, high-quality behavioral health services is critical to improving both public health and public safety. Part II analyzes the benefits and risks attendant to excluding indigent incarcerated children from the MIEP. Part III proposes the implementation of …

Contextualizing Tree Defects And Risks In An Urban Tropical Campus, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Sirintra Vanno

NAKHARA (Journal of Environmental Design and Planning)

Tree failure poses a risk to property and people; however, there is limited data on tropical tree risk assessment, hindering effective risk management. Chulalongkorn University (CU) is an urban tropical forest campus in the heart of Bangkok, Thailand. The campus provides essential cultural, social, and ecological services but is subject to structural failure due to extreme weather and climate change that can cause severe consequences for property and public safety. This study aimed to carry out a tree risk assessment at CU using a form based on that of the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA).  Altogether, 4,255 trees representing 256 …

Reentry Realities: Examining The Role Of Aftercare Programs In Supporting Justice-Involved Youth, Lynda Girven

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The current study examined if aftercare and reentry programs helped to reduce recidivism among youth who have been involved in the juvenile system, and specifically, youth released from residential placement facilities. Different components of aftercare programs were also examined, such as the inclusion of mentoring or family support, how many services were offered, and if the program followed the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model. Through completing a systematic review of studies published since 2008, five studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All five studies found that the youth who received services through aftercare programs were less likely to reoffend than youth …

State V. Liverpool, 314 A.3d 948 (R.I. 2024), Ryan Claudino

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

2024 Rhode Island Public Laws

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Integration Over Institutionalization: Addressing Rhode Island’S Institutionalization Of Developmentally Disabled Children Through An Olmstead Compliance Framework, Anna Macgillivray

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Vcu's Yellow Brick Road: Connection, Safety, & Navigation, Karen Bjork, Robert Chisley, Samuel Kessler, Taylor Mackillop, Sarah Midkiff

The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute Publications

Yellow Brick Road is an initiative designed to strengthen the connection between Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) and downtown Richmond by promoting outdoor activity, sustainable mobility, and shared community experiences. The project aims to enhance the health and well-being of students, faculty, and staff through walking meetings and a proposed VCU-branded e-bike fleet, while also deepening VCU’s engagement with the urban community through events such as the UNCOMMON Street Festival. Together, these efforts reflect VCU’s vision as a university fully embedded in the city, guided by the question: How can VCU thrive with Richmond, not apart from it?

State V. Ortiz, 317 A.3d 737 (R.I. 2024), Samantha Barnes

Roger Williams University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Fourth Amendment's Hidden Intrusion Doctrine, Laura Ginsberg Abelson

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

The Fourth Amendment’s concept of probable cause is the linchpin of legal standards governing law enforcement actions such as arrests, searches, and seizures. This article challenges the assumption that the same quantum of evidence can meet the probable cause standard regardless of whether law enforcement seek to conduct a search, to seize evidence, or to make an arrest, and regardless of the intrusiveness of such search or seizure. This paper demonstrates that the Supreme Court implicitly considers the degree of intrusion into privacy or liberty, not just the quantum or quality of evidence, when determining whether probable cause exists. In …

Who Decides: The Role Of Parental Rights In Abortion And Gender-Affirming-Care Decisions For Minors, Joanna L. Grossman

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

The American legal system presumes that children’s interests are best protected by their parents and, secondarily, by the state’s parens patriae authority. Yet this structure falters when parental authority and state power are infused with political and ideological agendas. This Essay examines how these dynamics have distorted decision-making authority in two contexts—minors’ access to abortion and gender-affirming medical care—and allowed children’s welfare and autonomy to be sacrificed to partisan aims. The law is inconsistent on the role of parental rights—typically empowering parents to grant or withhold consent to a minor’s abortion but categorically stripping them of the power to consent …

“People [Are] Not Dying Because Officers Aren't Following Their Training. ‘It's Because They Are.”: The Construction Of Police De-Escalation Of Individuals In Mental Health Crises In Canadian Media, Renée Haddock

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Police are often assumed to be the "de facto" response to people in mental health crises. Contact between police and Canadians with mental illness and in crisis is routine and on the rise (Livingston, 2016). Police responses to these incidences have been criticized after several, highly publicized and tragic encounters between police and people in mental health crisis and the overrepresentation of people of colour in these instances. Media outlets determine which stories are prioritized, how they are framed, and which information to include or omit (Fawzi, 2018). Notably, public knowledge of police activities greatly impacts community perceptions of police …

Leadership In Behavioral Health, Rebecca Mccoy

School of Business Student Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Leadership in healthcare is difficult when dealing with human contact in its most raw and vulnerable way. Leadership in behavioral health is just as challenging as direct practice practitioners tend to be the ones who move up into these roles. This study will exam “Identifying factors that promote successful leadership and challenges that cause barriers to having successful leadership in behavioral health.” This includes soft and hard skill knowledge, growth opportunities and the strengths and struggles in moving into leadership roles in this industry.

The study is based on phenomenological research to gain an understanding of the individual experience …

Examining Disparities In Pre-Conviction Detention: A Race And Gender Analysis Of Criminal Charging And Detention Practices In Ramsey Countyention Practices In Ramsey County, Gabriel P. Exman

School of Business Student Theses and Dissertations

Race and gender disparities in the U.S. criminal justice system are well documented, primarily in sources of national post-conviction data. However, localized and pre-conviction studies remain limited. This study examined race and gender disparities in pre-conviction detention outcomes and charge severity in Ramsey County, Minnesota, between 2017 and 2019. Using a descriptive, exploratory quantitative design and a retrospective single-cohort analysis, the researcher analyzed trends in arrests, charge severity, and pre-conviction incarceration duration across race and gender groups. Findings indicate disparities in both charge rates and pre-conviction detention durations, with Black men and Native American women experiencing longer periods of incarceration. …