Digital Commons Network^™

Experiences Of Social Workers Providing Sentencing Advocacy For Youth Of Color, Steven Robinson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The punitive sentencing of minority youthful offenders is contrary to the juvenile justice system’s founding principles of rehabilitation. Moreover, the introduction of mitigation helps to inform the courts’ decisions on the most appropriate recourse; however, few researchers have studied the experiences of social workers who provide sentencing advocacy for minority youth. This basic qualitative study explored the experiences of social workers in Louisiana involved in addressing sentencing disparities of minority youth and the changes social workers perceive as necessary to reduce these disparities. Six social workers in Louisiana were interviewed regarding their experiences related to providing sentencing advocacy for minority …

Employment Barriers For Tanf Recipients In Kentucky, Omar Khalid Said

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Though Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) beneficiaries receive appropriate training and education within a 5-year time limit, many encounter challenges finding and maintaining employment. In this qualitative case study, constraints hindering the employability of TANF benefits recipients were explored to understand how some TANF program benefit recipients find and keep a job after completing 5-year term limits. The central research question examined the types of constraints that recipients of TANF benefits in the state of Kentucky experienced in finding and maintaining employment after completing a five-year term limit, and how some TANF recipients overcome such constraints. The conceptual framework …

Public Safety Personnel And The Use Of Peer-To-Peer Mental And Emotional Support Through Social Media, Tiffany R. Shinton-Truitt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The emotional and mental health of public safety personnel has been a topic that is continuing to receive attention. Being exposed to multiple traumatic events takes a mental and emotional toll on those who place their lives in harm’s way to help others. The study was based on social cognitive theory which focused on self-efficacy through social influences and environment. The purpose of this study was to understand the experience of public safety personnel’s training regarding their perceptions to mitigate emotional stress; the experience of public safety personnel with seeking mental health services; experience of public safety personnel with the …

The Efficacy Of Juvenile Treatment Program Services As Evidenced By Posttreatment Re-Offenses, Michelle R. Valenzuela

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe determination of whether juvenile intervention programs are effective in the reduction of future delinquency has been an ongoing research concern among scholars for over a century. Researchers have established that intervention programs are helpful for some juveniles but have not determined if intervention treatment outcomes continued beyond adolescence. The purpose of this quantitative study was to address the efficacy of services provided within juvenile intervention programs. This study addressed these gaps in previous research, focusing on the services provided within the intervention program and outcomes of continued delinquent behaviors beyond 3 years using multiple regression analysis. Social control theory …

Terrorism Preparedness, Collaboration, And Organizational Culture In The National Capital Region, Anderson Percival Padmore

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract Terrorism preparedness is essential for federal, state, and local governments. However, literature indicated that local governments may not be ready to respond to a terrorist event. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine terrorism preparedness levels related to collaboration in the National Capital Region (NCR) of the United States to determine first responders’ perspectives regarding challenges of organizational change. The research questions for this study concentrated on the evaluation of terrorism- preparedness and organizational changes among first response agencies since 2014, Schein’s ideas of organizational cultural change were the theoretical foundation. Four NCR public safety agencies were …

Prison Medical Professionals’ Perspectives On Dignity In Death For End-Of-Life Inmates, Charlene Lupo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health care requirements of older persons in prison are complicated, and many may require palliative care before their term is completed. The purpose of this qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis was to explore perspectives on dignity in death for end-of-life inmates through the lens of nine prison medical professionals. Concepts of dignity provided the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected from one-to-one audio-recorded Zoom interviews and reflective literature articles. Axial coding and thematic data analysis were used to identify five themes: committed to their vocation, lack of services in administering proper health care, institutional barriers prohibiting death with dignity, …

Compassion And Empathy: Comparing Police Officers With And Without Military Experience, Harlyn Alexander Montealegre

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Interpersonal characteristics, including compassion and empathy, are an essential part of the relationship that police officers have with local communities. Historically, recruitment departments of law enforcement agencies have favored military veterans as candidates because of the similarities between the two professions, such as weapon handling and organizational structure. However, it is possible that prior military experience may negatively impact characteristics of compassion and empathy, given that military personnel are often exposed to conditions (e.g., combat) that can degrade compassion and empathy. The purpose of this study was to compare levels of compassion and empathy between police officers with and without …

Juvenile Probation Officers' Perceptions Of Strategies To Reduce Juvenile Delinquency In Maryland, Ebenezer Nwaedozie Obonna

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractYoung offenders aged 10 to 17 years have increasingly become involved with the juvenile justice system, causing concerns about their future prospects and their role in positively contributing to the prosperity of society, particularly in Maryland. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to provide detailed descriptions of the strategies that stakeholders in the juvenile criminal justice system and the offenders can use to reduce youth crime in Maryland. Cognitive-behavioral therapy theory provided the framework for the study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with 11 probation officers from Maryland. Findings from thematic analysis demonstrated that some juvenile justice …

Gaps In Immunization Prevention In The State Of Ohio, Audrey Shaw

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, the total cost for vaccine preventable diseases was $8.95 billion in 2015. The unvaccinated accounted for 80% of the total costs. This quantitative study was conducted to investigate the success and/or gaps in the implementation of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine through the Vaccine for Children (VFC) Program by the Ohio Department of Health. General systems theory was chosen as a theoretical framework due to the complicated nature of the healthcare system. Healthcare is a complex system composed of multidisciplinary units that have their own structure and purpose that interact to accomplish the mission …

A Case Study Of Senate Bill 123 Nonviolent Felony Offenders Suboxone Use, Jessica Scott

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2003, a midwestern state passed legislation implementing a program with the goal of treating nonviolent felony offenders leaving prison sentences for more severe crimes. The current study examined legislation focusing on substance abuse treatment rather than incarceration. The purpose of this was to bridge this gap in knowledge by investigating the legislative session’s actions to aid members in the provision of services related to the Senate Bill 123 program. The central research question of this study examined the experiences of healthcare practitioners and addiction counselors associated with SB 123 nonviolent adult offenders requiring drug and alcohol treatment concerning Suboxone …

Cultural Responsiveness In Policing, Stacy Berry Workman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Over the last decade, headlines have highlighted police-citizen conflicts. With the continuing change in communities to an increasingly diverse population, communication and interactions between officers and citizens must progress towards fairness and transparency. The delivery of culturally competent public safety services facilitates more favorable client outcomes, more effective interpersonal communication, and increased service satisfaction from clients. Although this is heavily stressed in public safety agencies and can decrease the possibility of tort liability for failing to provide adequate services or appropriate treatment, the emphasis varies. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the policies and influences of law …

What Might Encourage The Male Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv) Victim To Speak Out To End The Abuse?, Dr. Madeline Kelley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractWhat Might Encourage the Male Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Victim to Speak Out to End the Abuse? by Madeline W. Kelley MA, Walden University, 2017 BS, Liberty University, 2016 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Criminal Justice (CRJS) – Leadership; Teaching Walden University May 2021 Abstract In over 55%-80% of intimate partner violence (IPV) cases, the victim is male. Nonetheless, the police arrest the male as the perpetrator in over 80% of IPV cases. Embarrassed at being regularly beaten by his female domestic partner, the male IPV victim commonly says nothing …

Law Enforcement As A Career Choice Among Undergraduate Criminal Justice Students At Texas State University, Jessie Mcmahon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The number of police officers in the United States is decreasing amid ongoingrecruitment and retention issues. The low staffing levels compromise community and officer safety. Although criminal justice is a popular undergraduate college major, many graduates pursue other careers for reasons that are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the reasons why some undergraduate criminal justice students are no longer interested in policing as a career choice. A phenomenological qualitative research design was used. The theoretical framework was rational choice theory. Eight undergraduate criminal justice students at Texas State University who were no longer seriously …

Juvenile Sex Offender Motivation To Stop Offending While Engaged In Residential Treatment, Lemeita Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe treatment of sex offenders is a controversial issue, yet research on the effectiveness of treatment interventions is limited. There is a great amount of research analyzing the connection between motivation and recidivism; however, what is known about the juvenile sex offender pales in comparison to what is known about adult sex offenders. Utilizing Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory as the theoretical foundation, the purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the lived experiences of male juvenile sex offenders, to better understand how residential treatment impacted their motivation to lead an offense-free lifestyle. Obtaining this information from the first-person …

Motivations Of Youth Engaged In International Drug Smuggling Through The Perceptions Of Law Enforcement In San Diego County, Gabrielle Suzanne Smyth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The use of illegal narcotics in the United States is an epidemic that requires significant and measurable results. Not only are illegal drugs crossing from Mexico into the United States a threat to public safety, but the involvement of juveniles is also becoming increasingly dangerous. Since early 2018, the Drug Enforcement Administration’s (DEA’s) San Diego Field Division has seen a disturbing trend of Mexican cartels increasingly recruiting juveniles from high schools in southern San Diego County to smuggle drugs through the ports of entry. The theoretical framework utilized in this study was social learning theory. The logical connection between social …

Ethical Leadership Effects On Medical Laboratory Personnel Accountability Behaviors, Claude-Marthe Daverdine Cherizard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ethical scandals have continued to generate disturbances in the corporate world and have encouraged ethics studies in organizations. Research has shown there is a relationship between ethical leadership and employee accountability in a variety of organizational settings, including healthcare. However, in medical laboratories that relationship has not been explored. A quantitative study was conducted to examine if medical laboratory employee perceptions of manager ethical leadership was associated with their own accountability behavior. A total of 69 participants responded online to three instruments to measure the study variables: ethical leadership was assessed by the Ethical Leadership at Work Questionnaire, employee accountability …

The Psychosocial Experiences Of Retired Police Officers: A Phenomenological Study, Steven Maurice Kelsey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThis phenomenological study was conducted to explore retired police officers’ perceptions of their retirement and the factors that positively or negatively affected their retirement. This issue is critical to explore to ensure that officers receive the support they need to transition out of their career into retirement positively and manage some of the emotional turmoil that have been seen to result from retirement (e.g., denial, stress, anger, anxiety). A conceptual framework was designed integrating the theory of continuity and the role theory of retirement. Three research questions were designed to focus the inquiry: How do retired police officers perceive their …

Strategies To Reduce Nonconformance Of Parts In Aerospace Manufacturing, John Louis Lloyd Jr

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The cost of nonconformance of parts can impact the aerospace industry globally, resulting in revenue loss and consumer confidence degradation. Grounded in the eight disciplines of problem solving, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies aerospace manufacturing quality managers in the United States used to implement successful change initiatives to address the nonconformance of parts. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with four aerospace quality executives and supporting company documents. Data were analyzed using methodological triangulation, coding, and thematic analysis. Four themes emerged: (a) identify and implement a specific problem-solving strategy, (b) identify and mitigate employee …

Stakeholder Success Measures Of A Safe Parking Pilot Program For Individuals Sheltering In Vehicles, Obiageri Constance Aginam

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Safe Parking Pilot Program was a crisis response to the recent increase in vehicular homelessness in a Northern Californian city. The city identified issues of unsheltered individuals due to the increase housing cost and unaffordable housing. The city partnered with faith-based organizations to provide safe locations for individuals sheltering in vehicles. The current research aimed to evaluate benchmarks and metrics to measure the safe parking pilot program. The purpose of the study was to help the city leaders and the key stakeholders identify measures of success and how they might improve the program in one Northern Californian city. Semistructured …

Using Korematsu In Law School Orientation And Introduction To Law Courses, Lorraine Bannai

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Using Korematsu In A Civil Procedure Course, Lorraine Bannai, Margaret Chon, Eric K. Yamamoto

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Using Korematsu In A Constitutional Law Course, Lorraine Bannai, Eric K. Yamamoto

Using Korematsu to Teach Across the Law School Curriculum

No abstract provided.

Remorse, Relational Legal Consciousness, And The Reproduction Of Carceral Logic, Kathryne M. Young, Hannah Chimowitz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

One in seven people in prison in the US is serving a life sentence, and most of these “lifers” will someday be eligible for discretionary parole. But little is known about a key aspect of parole decision-making: remorse assessments. Because remorse is a complex emotion that arises from past wrongdoing and unfolds over time, assessing the sincerity of another person’s remorse is neither a simple task of lie detection, nor of determining emotional authenticity. Instead, remorse involves numerous elements, including the relationship between a person’s past and present motivations, beliefs, and affective states. To understand how parole board members make …

Strange Bedfellows? Representative Democracy And Academic Engagement With The Defense Industry, Steven L. Schooner, Evan Matsuda

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This chapter concludes a book that grew out of 2015 a conference hosted by the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Ethics and the Rule of Law, which brought together defense industry leaders, academics, and lawyers to discuss ethical challenges to the defense industry. Authors from the academy, practitioners, and policy-makers offer perspectives and insights such that the collection spans a broad range of disciplines, from philosophy, economics, law, and political science, to the management of corporate compliance.

In addition to attempting (no doubt unsuccessfully) to tie many of the book's themes together, the chapter itself asserts that the academic community …

Artificial Intelligence Accountability Of Public Administration, Francesca Bignami

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This article canvasses the use and regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) in US administrative agencies. It is structured as a reply to the questionnaire circulated in advance of the 2022 International Congress of Comparative Law for purposes of preparing the national reports and the general report on the topic of “Artificial Intelligence Accountability of Public Administration.” In large part, the questionnaire’s point of reference is the comprehensive regulation of AI in the European Union’s proposed AI Act. The US reply, contained in this article, highlights the many lacunae in US regulation of AI, similar to the US’s patchwork approach to …

Democracy And Demography, Paul S. Berman, Neal S. Mehrotra, Kathryn S. Sadasivan

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

American democracy is under siege. This is so because of the confluence of three trends: (1) demographic change and residential segregation, which increasingly have placed more racially diverse Democratic Party voters in cities and suburbs, while rural areas have become more white and Republican; (2) a constitutional structure—particularly the Electoral College, the composition of the Senate, and the use of small, winner-take-all legislative districts—that gives disproportionate representation to rural populations; and (3) the willingness of this rural Republican minority to use its disproportionate power to further entrench counter-majoritarian structures, whether through extreme partisan gerrymandering, increased voter suppression efforts, court-packing, or …

China’S Sanctions And Rule Of Law: How To Respond When China Targets Lawyers, Thomas D. Grant, F. Scott Kieff

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has begun to use sanctions against people who speak out against its policies. Well-known are the sanctions that the PRC’s Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced on January 20, 2021 against twenty-eight persons, both named and unnamed, who recently served or were then serving in the Trump administration, including the then-Secretary of State and National Security Adviser. On March 26, 2021, however, the PRC announced sanctions against a less conspicuous target: Essex Court Chambers, a set of barristers’ chambers in London known for commercial work and investment arbitration. What ostensibly provoked China’s unusual move was a …

Ranked Choice Voting In Mayoral Elections, Bryan Mccannon

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Numerous cities across the U.S. have recently switched to ranked choice voting in their local mayoral elections. Proponents argue that, by allowing voters to fully express their preferences over the candidates, voter satisfaction and, ultimately, turnout will improve. Opponents are concerned over the number of candidates who enter the race, as it increases the chances of someone only supported by a minority taking office. To date, there has not been an empirical analysis of ranked choice voting’s effects. First, using the Synthetic Control Method on three large U.S. cities who switched relatively recently, I explore the voting rule’s causal impact. …

This Is Not A Drill: The War Against Antiracist Teaching In America, Kimberlé W. Crenshaw

Faculty Scholarship

On January 5, 2022, Professor Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw received the 2021 Triennial Award for Lifetime Service to Legal Education and the Legal Profession from the Association of American Law Schools (AALS). In this modified acceptance speech delivered at the 2022 AALS Awards Ceremony, she reflects on the path that brought her to this moment and the crisis over antiracist and social justice education that is unfolding today. Arguing that the legal academy bears a collective responsibility to fight back against the silencing of antiracist frameworks, she calls on legal educational institutions to confront their historical agnosticism toward racial subordination and …

Professionalism In Tribal Jurisdictions, Matthew L.M. Fletcher

Articles

American Indian law is an important area of law. There are 12 federally recognized Indian tribes in the state of Michigan.1 Indian tribes throughout the United States do business in Michigan. Indian tribal governments and corporations employ hundreds of thousands of non-Indians and received billions in federal pandemic relief. Indian gaming generated nearly $40 billion in revenues nationally last year. Still, many lawyers ignore the field or claim ignorance about the basic precepts of federal Indian law.

This article will canvass several themes of professionalism in tribal practice, drawing from this author’s tribal law experience over the last few decades. …