Digital Commons Network^™

Graded Decisions In The Human Brain, Tao Xie, Markus Adamek, Hohyun Cho, Matthew A Adamo, Anthony L Ritaccio, Jon T Willie, Peter Brunner, Jan Kubanek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Decision-makers objectively commit to a definitive choice, yet at the subjective level, human decisions appear to be associated with a degree of uncertainty. Whether decisions are definitive (i.e., concluding in all-or-none choices), or whether the underlying representations are graded, remains unclear. To answer this question, we recorded intracranial neural signals directly from the brain while human subjects made perceptual decisions. The recordings revealed that broadband gamma activity reflecting each individual's decision-making process, ramped up gradually while being graded by the accumulated decision evidence. Crucially, this grading effect persisted throughout the decision process without ever reaching a definite bound at the …

Deep Learning Approach For Detecting And Classifying Chaotic Driving Activity Using Video Surveillance, Fatma Abdulla Desmal Alhaddad

Theses

The growing rate of urbanization in the city of Dubai has contributed to the increase in vehicular activity and the prevalence of risky driving behavior on the road. This project proposes a deep-learning-based system, VGG-16, for the identification and classification of different patterns of driving behavior. The research methodology used for the study relies on the compilation of datasets from various resources, including ImageNet, Kaggle, UAH-DriverSet, D²-City Dataset, and confidential videos obtained from the Dubai Police command center. The findings of the study will be categorized into two parts. The first part will involve the compilation of the features based …

Using Prediction Ml Algorithm For Predicting Early Student Attrition In Higher Education, Noora Ali Mohsen Alattar Alhashmi

Theses

Abstract This study aims to use predictive models in order to figure out students that are in likelihood of attrition as well as determine the factors that may contribute to this attrition. Student attrition is the occurrence in which students leave the institution without finishing their studies or taking the degree. It includes students either willingly or involuntarily terminating their education and failing to graduate. The findings will enable relevant parties to establish successful strategies or approaches and activities to assist in reducing the number of students who leave. With the testing and analysis approaches, it was recognized that SVM …

Examining Regulatory And Social Process Traits Associated With Experiences Of Shared Decision Making, Megan Kelly

Theses

Decision-making is an important part of healthcare. In recent years, providers have started to use shared decision-making (SDM) with consumers, wherein provider and consumer reach a decision together. Personal characteristics common to Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), such as emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, and difficulties with social communication skills may impact SDM. Self-efficacy was hypothesized to mediate this relationship, as it has been described as an integral aspect of SDM. This study utilized a sample of 141 undergraduate college students. We found that emotion regulation predicted confidence in SDM, as well as differences in how individuals with …

A Panoptic System And Social Control’S Influence On The Children In Henry James’S 'The Turn Of The Screw', Taylor Whittington

The Corinthian

This paper’s purpose is to offer a new reading of the children in Henry James’s novella The Turn of The Screw (1898). The paper argues that the characters are subjects of Foucault’s panopticon and social control, which results in Flora’s loss of social status and Miles’s death due to their lack of adherence to the social control. I also argue that the social control and the panoptic system integrate themselves into the Bly household and work alongside one another to reinforce the hierarchy. A panoptic system represents a type of surveillance based on Bentham’s architectural design that subject prisoners to …

The Cure For World Peace: A Public Health Strategy, Eva Eleftheriadis

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Health and the environment impact the security and stability of the global community, as can be seen through the effects of pandemics and climate change. This paper attempts to address these factors by helping create a preventative strategy for countries to be better equipped to face these challenges, and decrease the extent of future manifestations. Starting with a comparative analysis of the Black Death and the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper explores the relationship that exists between health, the environment, and human behavior. The analysis suggests that when these aspects are mutually beneficial, there is an increase in human security, which …

Pregnant Black Bodies In Peril: A Multi-Method Analysis Of Obstetric Outcomes And Gestational Experiences, Courtney E. Williams

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

My multi-method three-paper dissertation provides a better understanding of the relationship between maternal racial identity, obstetric outcomes, and gestational experiences. Using birth certificate data from the 2016 U.S. National Vital Statistics System and binary logistic regression models, in the first paper I explore heterogeneity in severe maternal morbidity (SMM) by maternal race, maternal education, and maternal age. To complement the first paper, in the second paper I allow 35 Black and White women/birthing people to describe pregnancy, birth, and early motherhood in their own words. I situate the Covid-19 pandemic as a unique cultural backdrop in this qualitative paper to …

Analyzing The Cognitive Complexity Of The Questions On The Advanced Placement Computer Science Principles Exam, Lauren Zirpoli

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This convergent parallel mixed methods study with qualitative and quantitative content analysis was conducted to analyze and describe the cognitive complexity of the publicly released Advanced Placement Computer Science Principles Exam questions compared to the language of higher-order thinking found in research literature. Hess’ Cognitive Rigor Matrix was used to determine the frequency and percentage of questions categorized as higher-order thinking within each cell of the matrix. The qualitative method consisted of content analysis of the language of each question analyzed, followed by deductive coding, and culminated with categorizing the depth and type of thinking required on Hess’ Cognitive Rigor …

Recent Findings On The Effectiveness Of Peer Support For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, James J. Werner, Kelsey Ufholz, Prashant Yamajala

Faculty Scholarship

Purpose of Review: To review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2021–2023 that reported the effects of peer support interventions on outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Recent Findings: Literature searches yielded 137 articles and nine RCTs were ultimately reviewed. The reviewed trials involved in-person support groups, peer coach/mentor support, cultural peer support by community health workers, peer support during shared medical appointments (SMAs) including virtual reality-based SMAs, telehealth-facilitated programs, and telephone peer support. Most interventions combined two or more peer support strategies. Peer support was associated with significant decreases in HbA1c in 6 of the 9 reviewed …

Volume 122, Number 6 - Tuesday, May 21st, 2024, Saint Mary's College Of California

The Collegian

No abstract provided.

Concept-Based Debriefing And Concept Mastery: A Pilot Study Linking Debriefing To Nursing Concept Mastery, Crystel L. Farina

Dissertations

Increases in patient acuity and comorbidities in acute care settings require students to possess a greater depth and breadth of knowledge compared to decades ago. Additionally, there is an urgency to adapt nursing education to meet current healthcare trends. Simulation is a pedagogical strategy to enhance critical thinking and clinical decision-making in nursing education. Simulation scenarios are a psychologically safe environment where nursing students may practice patient care and learn from their mistakes (Rudolph et al., 2014). The debriefing following the simulation scenario provides opportunities for self-reflection on actions taken during the simulation scenario. Currently, five debriefing methods support students' …

A Microcosting Approach For Planning And Implementing Community-Based Mental Health Prevention Program: What Does It Cost?, Sharmily Roy, Henry Shelton Brown, Lisa Sanger Blinn, Sarah Carter Narendorf, Jane E Hamilton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Estimating program costs when planning community-based mental health programs can be burdensome. Our aim was to retrospectively document the cost for the first year of planning and implementing Healthy Minds Healthy Communities (HMHC), a mental health promotion and prevention multi-level intervention initiative. This Program is among the first to use the Community Initiated Care (CIC) model in the US and is aimed at building community resilience and the capacity for communities to provide mental health support, particularly among those disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. Our objective is to share our methods for costing a program targeting 10 zip codes that …

A Microcosting Approach For Planning And Implementing Community-Based Mental Health Prevention Program: What Does It Cost?, Sharmily Roy, Henry Shelton Brown, Lisa Sanger Blinn, Sarah Carter Narendorf, Jane E Hamilton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Estimating program costs when planning community-based mental health programs can be burdensome. Our aim was to retrospectively document the cost for the first year of planning and implementing Healthy Minds Healthy Communities (HMHC), a mental health promotion and prevention multi-level intervention initiative. This Program is among the first to use the Community Initiated Care (CIC) model in the US and is aimed at building community resilience and the capacity for communities to provide mental health support, particularly among those disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. Our objective is to share our methods for costing a program targeting 10 zip codes that …

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Late Preterm Antenatal Corticosteroids: The Alps Follow-Up Study, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman, Rebecca G Clifton, Alan T N Tita, Sean C Blackwell, Monica Longo, Jessica A De Voest, T Michael O'Shea, Sabine Z Bousleiman, Felecia Ortiz, Dwight J Rouse, Torri D Metz, George R Saade, Kara M Rood, Kent D Heyborne, John M Thorp, Geeta K Swamy, William A Grobman, Kelly S Gibson, Yasser Y El-Sayed, George A Macones, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: The Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids (ALPS) trial changed clinical practice in the United States by finding that antenatal betamethasone at 34 to 36 weeks decreased short-term neonatal respiratory morbidity. However, the trial also found increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia after betamethasone. This follow-up study focused on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after late preterm steroids.

Objective: To evaluate whether administration of late preterm (34-36 completed weeks) corticosteroids affected childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Design, setting, and participants: Prospective follow-up study of children aged 6 years or older whose birthing parent had enrolled in the multicenter randomized clinical trial, conducted at 13 centers that …

Executive Gender And Capital Structure: New Evidence From Rebalancing Events, Karolina Krystyniak, Viktoriya Staneva

Faculty Publications

Existing literature shows that female-led companies exhibit lower leverage compared to their male-led counterparts, a trend frequently attributed to the traditional view of higher risk aversion among women. We explore firms with female CFOs at or close to their optimal leverage and find that their capital structure is no different than that of firms with male CFOs. We argue that female CFOs reveal their true preferences and risk appetite during significant capital structure adjustments and find that their tolerance for risk aligns closely with that of their male counterparts. Our study challenges the conventional narrative by demonstrating that the financing …

Executive Gender And Capital Structure: New Evidence From Rebalancing Events, Karolina Krystyniak, Viktoriya Staneva

Faculty Publications

Existing literature shows that female-led companies exhibit lower leverage compared to their male-led counterparts, a trend frequently attributed to the traditional view of higher risk aversion among women. We explore firms with female CFOs at or close to their optimal leverage and find that their capital structure is no different than that of firms with male CFOs. We argue that female CFOs reveal their true preferences and risk appetite during significant capital structure adjustments and find that their tolerance for risk aligns closely with that of their male counterparts. Our study challenges the conventional narrative by demonstrating that the financing …

Contested Places: A Typology For Responding To Place-Based Harms, Amie Thurber, Amy Krings, Mónica Gutiérrrez, Jason Sawyer, Greer A. Hamilton

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

In response to historic and ongoing devaluation of certain people, and concurrently, the places they live, many communities are grappling with how to respond to place-based harms. This has produced a wide range of responses, such as calls for “Land Back,” reparations programs, arts-based neighborhood regeneration, and local history initiatives. This paper explores the potential roles community practitioners can play in these contested places. Drawing on a review of the literature, this paper offers an emerging typology for responding to place-based harms.

What Does ‘Sex’ Mean To You? The Rainbow Bench Gives Their Opinion. A Discussion On Textualism By Amicus Curiae Briefs Written By Nonprofits In Bostock V. Clayton County, Isabella Rojas

Political Analysis

Isabella Rojas is a recent Magna Cum Laude graduate of Seton Hall University Class of 2023, holding a B.A. in Political Science. She is an incoming J.D. Candidate at Rutgers Law School. Ms. Rojas hopes to pursue a career in legal academia while continuing research in LGBTQ+ scholarship. The objective of her research was to critically analyze the influence of the nonprofit sector on the interpretation of legal text. Her thesis was inspired by her interest in judicial interpretation and the philosophical framework underlying court opinions.

Analysis Of Inequality In Household Internet Utilization And Policy Implications, Shanisara Chamwong, Thoedsak Chomtohsuwan, Narissara Charoenphandhu

Journal of Demography

This research investigates the pervasive inequality in household internet access and use that contributes to the digital divide. As the internet becomes an integral part of daily life, variations in access and use carry significant implications for social and economic opportunities. A quantitative approach is applied, analyzing data from The National Statistical Office of Thailand to capture a comprehensive understanding of inequality in household internet access and use, as measured by the Gini coefficient. Five aspects of internet access and use are considered as the determinants of inequality, including internet connectivity, internet affordability, internet quality, device availability, and flexibility and …

Caffeine’S Impact On Heart Rate Variability During Short-Term Exercise In University Students, Maya J. Spinler, Morgan M. Payne, Christopher Carroll Dr.

Applied Health Sciences Student Works

The primary objective is to explore the physiological effects of caffeine on intra-bout exercise-induced blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) deceleration resulting from repeated anaerobic exercise cycling in active university students. Use of caffeinated stimulants has increased in recent years, particularly in the exercise setting. The cardiovascular system (CS) is an essential piece of exercise physiology and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Caffeine has a known effect on the CS during acute exercise. What is not well solidified is the connection between caffeine and exercise-induced markers, such as heart rate recovery (HRR) and BP. Participants underwent …

Commencement Program [Spring 2024], Clark University

Commencement Programs

Annual Commencement Program for graduation ceremonies at Clark University, held on May 20th, 2024.

Conference Attendee List, Dusty Laton, Angela Williams

Conference Documents

Attendee list for the Future of Research Integrity Conference.

How To Build A Competitive Advantage For Your Brand Using Generative Ai, Yuanyuan (Gina) Cui, Patrick Van Esch, Steven Phelan

Marketing and Hospitality, Resort and Tourism Management

Generative Artificial Intelligence––defined as AI-enabled technology that analyzes and learns from existing data and generates novel human-like content –– has emerged as a revolutionary technology for firms seeking sustainable competitive advantage. We highlight the evolution of generative AI from generic, domain tailored and collaborative systems, that are democratized and only offering demand-driven insights, to the next frontier of alternative perceptual systems. Managers who integrate these current large language models into building their brand persona will empower their firms to experiment along the evolutionary journey. By embedding alternative perceptual systems into generative AI platforms, firms can achieve novel, interactive, and personalized …

Development And Evaluation Of A Teamstepps® Program Among Cardiac Procedural Unit Staff In A Mid-Atlantic Community Hospital To Improve Teamwork And Patient Safety, Dawn K. Mutchko

Dissertations

Communication and teamwork between members of the non-provider patient care team in the cardiac procedural unit were observed to be unbalanced and at times ineffective. Team members additionally expressed concerns regarding efficiency and accuracy in patient handoff, specifically between units. The goal of this study was to improve teamwork and communication among the staff of the cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology lab. Participation in this initial, single-unit phase would include the non-physician staff of that unit.

Taming The "Dartmouth Animal", Kira Lynn Parrish-Penny

Sociology Undergraduate Senior Theses

Reflecting on Dartmouth College’s tumultuous early years of coeducation in the 1970s, former president John Kemeny remarked that several students “took it on as a sort of mission to make life miserable for women students when they first arrived… from verbal abuse to … raids on women’s dormitories and… doing everything possible that a minority of students can do to make the women feel unwelcome.” Using archival data from the Rauner Special Collections Library, this thesis explores two questions: (1) how were norms and values around masculinity constructed at Dartmouth? (2) How did this construction of masculinity shift over the …

Initiating Access To Palliative Care Earlier In Pediatric Oncology Patients, Anita Sharma

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Abstract

Background: Pediatric oncology patients should be referred to palliative care early but despite research indicating the clear benefits, there is still a delay in referring patients. One of the reasons include lack of understanding amongst providers on what palliative care is. Palliative care provides symptom management, emotional support and helps the patient and family with difficult decision making.

Objectives: This project aimed to increase the number of early referrals to palliative care. The Pediatric Palliative Care Screening Tool (PaPas) was utilized to help identify the triggers which should prompt the referral.

Methods: A chart review of patients diagnosed with …

Security Fusion Method Of Physical Fitness Training Data Based On The Internet Of Things, Bin Zhou

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Physical fitness training, an important way to improve physical fitness, is the basic guarantee for forming combat effectiveness. At present, the evaluation types of physical fitness training are mostly conducted manually. It has problems such as low efficiency, high consumption of human and material resources, and subjective factors affecting the evaluation results. ”Internet+” has greatly expanded the traditional network from the perspective of technological convergence and network coverage objects. It has expedited and promoted the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its applications. The IoT with many sensor nodes shows the characteristics of acquisition information redundancy, node …

Consider The Grecian Urn: Why Prior Art Has No Place In Analyzing Substantial Similarity Under The Copyright Act, Steven T. Lowe, Scott Alan Burroughs

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

No abstract provided.

Deep Learning-Based Breast Cancer Diagnosis With Multiview Of Mammography Screening To Reduce False Positive Recall Rate, Meryem Altın Karagöz, Özkan Ufuk Nalbantoğlu, Derviş Karaboğa, Bahriye Akay, Alper Baştürk, Halil Ulutabanca, Serap Doğan, Damla Coşkun, Osman Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Breast cancer is the most prevalent and crucial cancer type that should be diagnosed early to reduce mortality. Therefore, mammography is essential for early diagnosis owing to high-resolution imaging and appropriate visualization. However, the major problem of mammography screening is the high false positive recall rate for breast cancer diagnosis. High false positive recall rates psychologically affect patients, leading to anxiety, depression, and stress. Moreover, false positive recalls increase costs and create an unnecessary expert workload. Thus, this study proposes a deep learning based breast cancer diagnosis model to reduce false positive and false negative rates. The proposed model has …

The Effects Of Classroom Integration On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Makena Johnson

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Inclusion refers to the practice of fully educating students with special learning and/or behavioral needs within the traditional classroom. Such students participate in age-appropriate classes for the entirety of the school day, integrating them into the general school program with the intent to foster successful academic and social outcomes. Because inclusion is often driven by the desire to promote social integration, disorders that involve social dysfunction may be associated with additional challenges that hamper any potential inclusive benefits. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one such candidate. This literature review aims to integrate research exploring the impact of separating or including …