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University Facts 2025, Planning, Research, And Policy Analysis Oct 2025

University Facts 2025, Planning, Research, And Policy Analysis

Fact Sheet (2019-present)

Fact Sheet for Illinois State University


Woman-Centred Ethical Grid For Midwifery Education: A Content Analysis, Kate Buchanan, Darcie Bygraves, Emma Ritchie, Krystyl Toneycliffe, Sara Bayes, David Seedhouse Oct 2025

Woman-Centred Ethical Grid For Midwifery Education: A Content Analysis, Kate Buchanan, Darcie Bygraves, Emma Ritchie, Krystyl Toneycliffe, Sara Bayes, David Seedhouse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Midwives across the world are required to practice in accordance with an internationally agreed set of ethical principles. Midwifery education for many students includes ethics theory content, but this does not necessarily provide them with the skills toward ethical competence in practice. Aim: To understand students' perception of ethical issues and to use these findings as foundational information with which to create an ethical deliberation tool for practice. Methods: Qualitative Content Analysis was used for this study. Purposive sampling provided twenty-one ethics-focused reflective assignments from one Western Australian university. Ethical considerations: Institutional review board approval was obtained. Findings: Three …


University Of San Diego Magazine Fall 2025, Publications Department Oct 2025

University Of San Diego Magazine Fall 2025, Publications Department

University of San Diego Magazine (1992- )

Beauty, Goodness and Truth; Dear Toreros; Around Alcalá Park; At The Edge of It All; Faith In Action; Torero Spotlight; Torero Athletics; Toreros Making Waves; In Memoriam; Leading With Love


Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Afghanistan), Sveto Muhammad Ishoq Oct 2025

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Afghanistan), Sveto Muhammad Ishoq

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This case study examines the challenges, tactics and tools of Afghan women activists in the UK in their peacebuilding efforts for Afghan women and girls post-Taliban takeover. It shows how operating from exile, these activists employ innovative strategies to amplify Afghan women’s voices, advocating internationally and providing support despite facing complex security, funding, and community unity issues.


Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacebuilding From The Diaspora, Elena B, Stavrevska, Sveto Muhammad Ishoq, Shadi Rouhshahbaz, Kay Soe, Briana Mawby, Carolyne Komen Oct 2025

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacebuilding From The Diaspora, Elena B, Stavrevska, Sveto Muhammad Ishoq, Shadi Rouhshahbaz, Kay Soe, Briana Mawby, Carolyne Komen

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Diaspora communities have long played critical roles in peacebuilding efforts in their countries of origin, yet the contributions of women within these communities remain significantly underexplored and underappreciated. This report seeks to address this gap by focusing on the unique roles, challenges and contributions of women in diaspora-led peacebuilding initiatives. Women in the diaspora — often navigating complex identities and facing distinct challenges — are vital actors in promoting peace, reconciliation and social change in their homelands.

Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, research interviews, and detailed case studies, this report provides a nuanced understanding of how diaspora women …


Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Burma/Myanmar), Kay Soe Oct 2025

Building Peace From Afar: Women-Led Peacekeeping From The Diaspora (Case Study: Burma/Myanmar), Kay Soe

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

This case study highlights the role and strategies of Burmese/Myanmar’s women in the diaspora in the US in contributing to political transformation in their homeland. It shows how through advocacy, mobilization, women’s networks and different types of organizing, these women navigate structural and cultural challenges, leveraging their diasporic networks and unique perspectives to support democratic ideals and envision an inclusive, federal future for Burma/Myanmar.


Examining The Role Of Social Environment On Covid-19 Infections And Vaccine Uptake Among Migrants In Japan: Findings From Nationwide Surveys In 2021 And 2023, Yuanyuan Teng, Clive E Sabel, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Tomoki Nakaya Oct 2025

Examining The Role Of Social Environment On Covid-19 Infections And Vaccine Uptake Among Migrants In Japan: Findings From Nationwide Surveys In 2021 And 2023, Yuanyuan Teng, Clive E Sabel, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Tomoki Nakaya

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Studies have shown that migrants and ethnic minority groups were disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the role of the social environment in shaping their vulnerabilities remains underexplored in Japan. This study explored the experiences of migrants in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined the association between social environmental factors (i.e., population density, neighborhood deprivation, ethnic density, and social networks) and both COVID-19 infections and vaccination uptake. Two nationwide online surveys were conducted in 2021 and 2023 to capture migrants' experiences and analyze these associations during the middle and waning stages of the pandemic. Modified Poisson regressions with …


Psychological And Psychosocial Effects Of Contemplative Practices In The Athletic Population: A Systematic Review, Victoria Baker, Emily Duckett, Alison Gardiner-Shires, Lindsey Keenan Oct 2025

Psychological And Psychosocial Effects Of Contemplative Practices In The Athletic Population: A Systematic Review, Victoria Baker, Emily Duckett, Alison Gardiner-Shires, Lindsey Keenan

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Mental health concerns in athletes are becoming a primary focus for institutions, companies, coaches, and more. An athlete carries an abundant load of stressors due to their lifestyle. The stressors can negatively impact an athlete by producing anxiety, depression, insomnia, and other mental health concerns. Previous studies have found a connection between the use of contemplative practices on psychological and psychosocial effects in athletes, creating an opportunity to evaluate the research of contemplative practices in the athletic population. 5, 7, 8, 13-16 A systematic review was conducted using nine electronic databases. Seven studies were included in this review, each assessing …


Neuromuscular Deficits Following An Isolated Pcl Tear In A Collegiate Lacrosse Player: A Case Study, Mckenna G. Witlin, Erin R. Mcmullan, Courtney M. Meyer, Amy L. Fraley Oct 2025

Neuromuscular Deficits Following An Isolated Pcl Tear In A Collegiate Lacrosse Player: A Case Study, Mckenna G. Witlin, Erin R. Mcmullan, Courtney M. Meyer, Amy L. Fraley

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

This disablement model case study outlines a 21-year-old female collegiate lacrosse player attending a United States service academy who presented with a unique neuromuscular deficit following a conservative grade II PCL tear rehabilitation. Nearing the end of her rehabilitation protocol, she noticed difficulty with toe-off while running; however, she did not report to the athletic trainer due to the institution’s holiday break proximity. An unexpected transfer of care occurred when the patient returned after the holidays, and she was cleared for full participation upon return. Several days after the patient was cleared, she reported her ankle feeling “stuck.” Upon evaluation, …


Improving The Discussion Of Suicide Prevention: A Quality Improvement Project, Chelsea Reynolds, Alyssa Zeitouni, Kathryn Stephenson Oct 2025

Improving The Discussion Of Suicide Prevention: A Quality Improvement Project, Chelsea Reynolds, Alyssa Zeitouni, Kathryn Stephenson

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Suicide is currently the second leading cause of death among adolescents in the United States and the third leading cause of death in this age group worldwide.1,2 Suicide prevention is understandably a growing focus in pediatrics. Currently, at the Children’s Hospital Outpatient Clinic, that is staffed by pediatric resident physicians, suicidal ideation is screened for using a PHQ-9 screen. However, at the time this study was initiated and completed, the TEEN screen was utilized. After the screening is performed, regardless of type, it is up to the provider to address these findings in a safe and effective manner. The goal …


Law School Announcements 2025-2026, Law School Announcements Editors Oct 2025

Personality And Personnel Selection: Going Beyond Self-Reports And Linear Relationships, Filip Lievens, Jinyan Fan, Jingyi Li Oct 2025

Personality And Personnel Selection: Going Beyond Self-Reports And Linear Relationships, Filip Lievens, Jinyan Fan, Jingyi Li

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The study of personality in selection and assessment represents one of the most longstanding and voluminous literature in industrial and organizational psychology. In this paper, we review two important recent research streams. First, we review studies on alternatives to self-report personality inventories, namely the use of Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs), assessment center (AC) exercises, and a multi-rater framework. Second, we review studies that go beyond linear relationships between personality and job performance. Generally, our review reveals that these alternative approaches show promises in better understanding personality and how personality relates to performance.


The Degree Of Digital Fluency Availability Among Middle School English Teachers In Bisha City, Sharifah Al-Shahrani, Ahmad Al- Daleel Oct 2025

The Degree Of Digital Fluency Availability Among Middle School English Teachers In Bisha City, Sharifah Al-Shahrani, Ahmad Al- Daleel

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The aim of this study was to assess the dimensions of digital fluency (technical, cognitive, social, and security/privacy) among middle school English teachers in Bisha Governorate, Saudi Arabia. The study included 157 teachers selected using a simple random sampling method. The researchers employed a descriptive survey approach and used a questionnaire as the research instrument. The study results showed that the level of availability of the dimensions of digital fluency among middle school English teachers in Bisha Governorate varied: the social dimension ranked first with a mean score of 4.35, indicating a very high level of availability; followed by the …


The Role Of Scientific, Critical, And Creative Thinking Skills In Equipping Students With Problem-Solving Skills: A Field Study Among A Sample Of Sultan Qaboos University Students, Noureddine Chebbi, Wafa Al Mamaria, Suleiman Zakaria Oct 2025

The Role Of Scientific, Critical, And Creative Thinking Skills In Equipping Students With Problem-Solving Skills: A Field Study Among A Sample Of Sultan Qaboos University Students, Noureddine Chebbi, Wafa Al Mamaria, Suleiman Zakaria

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The ability to think scientifically, critically, and creatively is essential for students to meet the challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The current study sought to assess the sources and level of acquisition of scientific, critical, and creative thinking skills by Sultan Qaboos University students, and to determine the impact of these skills on their problem- solving abilities. The study random sample consisted of 384 male and female students selected from all colleges of Sultan Qaboos University. Study data was collected automatically via an electronic platform specifically developed for the study. Descriptive and correlational analyses were used to assess skill …


Differences In Cognitive Distortions And Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Between Cancer Patients And Healthy Individuals In Light Of Some Variables In The State Of Kuwait, Abdelmotaleb Abdelkader Abdelmotaleb Haggag, Dana Mubarak Al-Azmi Oct 2025

Differences In Cognitive Distortions And Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Between Cancer Patients And Healthy Individuals In Light Of Some Variables In The State Of Kuwait, Abdelmotaleb Abdelkader Abdelmotaleb Haggag, Dana Mubarak Al-Azmi

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The study aimed to examine the differences between cancer patients and healthy individuals in terms of cognitive distortions and chronic fatigue syndrome in light of certain variables in Kuwait. The study sample consisted of 250 participants, divided into two groups based on medical diagnosis: the first group included cancer patients, while the second group included healthy individuals. The study adopted a descriptive methodology. Data was collected using a questionnaire that included demographic information, as well as a cognitive distortion scale and a multidimensional fatigue scale. The results of the study showed statistically significant differences between cancer patients and healthy individuals …


A Holistic Inquiry Of Intelligent Speed-Assist Technology: Safety Impacts, Technology Implementation, And Challenges, Sahar Ghanipoor Machiani, Nusheen Baradaran, Arash Jahangiri Oct 2025

A Holistic Inquiry Of Intelligent Speed-Assist Technology: Safety Impacts, Technology Implementation, And Challenges, Sahar Ghanipoor Machiani, Nusheen Baradaran, Arash Jahangiri

Mineta Transportation Institute

Speeding is a leading contributor to roadway fatalities in the United States, and California consistently ranks among states with the highest number of speed-related crashes. Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA) technology has emerged as a solution aimed at mitigating this issue by notifying drivers of speed limits and, in some cases, intervening and lowering the speed to the posted speed limit. This work presents a comprehensive investigation into ISA system safety benefits, implementation challenges, and public perception, with a focus on California drivers. This study utilized a multi-method approach. A literature review explores the history, regulatory barriers, and international trails of …


Best Practices In Marketing And Creative Outreach For New Transportation Technologies, William Riggs, Caillou Dasalla, Cayden Rooney, Vaasu Bhartia Oct 2025

Best Practices In Marketing And Creative Outreach For New Transportation Technologies, William Riggs, Caillou Dasalla, Cayden Rooney, Vaasu Bhartia

Mineta Transportation Institute

Emerging transportation technologies—including electric vehicles (EVs), micromobility solutions, autonomous vehicles (AVs), hyperloop systems, and mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) platforms—are rapidly reshaping mobility patterns and urban environments. As these innovations gain traction, it becomes increasingly important to address concerns, communicate advantages, and foster trust across communities. This project examines marketing best practices for promoting emerging mobility solutions, synthesizing insights from scholarly research, industry standards, and case studies of successful campaigns. Emphasis is placed on the shift toward “snackable,” visually engaging content delivered through widely used social media platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and Snapchat, which are increasingly central to reaching diverse audiences. The …


Leading Employees Remotely In A Post-Covid-19 Era: A Phenomenology Study Of Remotely Working Employees, George M. Hardy Jr Oct 2025

Leading Employees Remotely In A Post-Covid-19 Era: A Phenomenology Study Of Remotely Working Employees, George M. Hardy Jr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The problem addressed in this study was that remote working employees felt disconnected from their organizations, leading to post-COVID-19 studies on phenomena such as quiet quitting and the great resignation. The purpose of this study was to investigate remotely working employees’ perspectives on connectedness to gain an understanding of commitment within their organization that ultimately leads to the decision to remain or leave. A qualitative phenomenology study was used with data collected from 12 remotely working participants across multiple industries and states. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using a thematic approach with member-checking and triangulation to ensure credibility. Two …


Dipl 4101/5101/6311 Senior/Honors Project, Martin S. Edwards Phd Oct 2025

Dipl 4101/5101/6311 Senior/Honors Project, Martin S. Edwards Phd

Diplomacy Syllabi

This class is the capstone of your undergraduate experience. As such, you will be drawing on the lessons that you have learned in DIPL 3800 to develop and execute a research project. The class will be a mix of one-on-one sessions as well as traditional class meetings. My expectation is for you to write a publishable quality manuscript that tests hypotheses head-to-head either qualitatively or quantitatively.


Dipl 6180 Wb Comparative Foreign Policy, Aaron Hale Phd Oct 2025

Dipl 6180 Wb Comparative Foreign Policy, Aaron Hale Phd

Diplomacy Syllabi

This course examines leading theoretical approaches to the study of foreign policy and their application to a variety of states and issue areas. The goal of this course is to provide students with an understanding of the key concepts necessary to address the fundamental question of foreign policy analysis: how do states define and pursue their national interests in international affairs? During the semester, we will explore some of the key debates in foreign policy analysis. Do differences in the characteristics of states (large versus small, democratic versus authoritarian, industrialized versus developing) lead to differences in their foreign policies? Or …


Dipl 3450 Comparative Homeland Security, Brendan J. Balestrieri Ph.D. Oct 2025

Dipl 3450 Comparative Homeland Security, Brendan J. Balestrieri Ph.D.

Diplomacy Syllabi

This course will introduce students to homeland security analysis and a survey of how different countries address internal security issues. Homeland security is a uniquely structured American concept, so fitting other nations’ policies and practices squarely into the U.S. model would not succeed. Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States embarked on a wholesale reorganization of its internal security and border protection institutions. In parallel, European, and other countries largely preferred to stay with and work within their existing institutional architectures to combat terrorism and respond to other security challenges and disasters, both natural and man-made. …


Dipl 2120 International Conflict And Security, Brendan J. Balestrieri Ph.D. Oct 2025

Dipl 2120 International Conflict And Security, Brendan J. Balestrieri Ph.D.

Diplomacy Syllabi

The first part of this course serves as a general introduction to the study of international security, a field primarily concerned with the threat and use of force by state and non-state actors. Topics examined include the origins of major power wars, regional conflicts, terrorism, military intervention, and alliances. The second part of this course will use alliances as a lens through which to better understanding international conflict and security and will focus predominantly on the US system of Alliances in the Asia-Pacific.


Understanding Digital Communication Gaps With Hispanic Families In A Charter School In South Texas, Ruby Cabrera Aguilar Oct 2025

Understanding Digital Communication Gaps With Hispanic Families In A Charter School In South Texas, Ruby Cabrera Aguilar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Now that access to technology is prevalent, digital communication in school districts and between schools and parents should be of high priority. Since schools do not emphasize digital communication policies and practices, a problem seen is a lack of communication across districts involving school staff, parents, and students. Determining school leaders’ roles in closing digital communication gaps through policies and procedures deserves further study because effective communication leads to awareness, involvement, relationship building, and student success. In this study, the knowledge gap theory and qualitative action research through reports and interviews assisted in understanding the perspectives of six school staff …


Advancing Medical Education With Lifestyle Medicine: A Comprehensive Program Evaluation Using The Kirkpatrick Framework, Shanna L. Mello Oct 2025

Advancing Medical Education With Lifestyle Medicine: A Comprehensive Program Evaluation Using The Kirkpatrick Framework, Shanna L. Mello

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examined how a U.S. national lifestyle medicine residency curriculum influenced resident learning and practice using a program evaluation paradigm with a convergent mixed methods design guided by Kirkpatrick’s four-level evaluation model. The problem addressed was the persistent gap between evidence for lifestyle interventions and the limited preparation residents receive to deliver lifestyle counseling in routine care. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in residents’ reactions, learning, and clinical behaviors and to identify early patient-level signals and the implementation conditions that enabled or constrained behavior change. Quantitative methods analyzed archived pre- and posttraining surveys from 148 …


Closing The Graduation Gap: Factors That Impact The Graduation And Enrollment Rates Of First Generation African American Male Students At Predominantly White Christian Universities, Byron C. Johnson Jr Oct 2025

Closing The Graduation Gap: Factors That Impact The Graduation And Enrollment Rates Of First Generation African American Male Students At Predominantly White Christian Universities, Byron C. Johnson Jr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

First-generation African American male students encounter unique challenges on their journey through higher education. These challenges include inadequate academic preparation, limited family support, financial hardships, and difficulties in finding a sense of belonging. Additionally, factors such as race and religion present significant barriers that hinder their ability to persist in and graduate from colleges and universities without institutional support. Strategic initiatives, programs, and services that address the specific needs of these students are crucial for promoting their academic and social integration, ultimately influencing their success in higher education. This study focused on the experiences of successful first-generation African American students …


Emotion Regulation, Distress Tolerance, And Experiential Avoidance In Adults With Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) And Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder, Valerie S. Swisher, Emily J. Ricketts, Tara S. Peris, Grant Jones, Erin Dunning, Stephanie Valle, Elizabeth Cavic, Christine Lochner, Dan J. Stein, Darin D. Dougherty, Joseph O'Neill, Douglas W. Woods, Jon E. Grant, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen Oct 2025

Emotion Regulation, Distress Tolerance, And Experiential Avoidance In Adults With Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) And Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder, Valerie S. Swisher, Emily J. Ricketts, Tara S. Peris, Grant Jones, Erin Dunning, Stephanie Valle, Elizabeth Cavic, Christine Lochner, Dan J. Stein, Darin D. Dougherty, Joseph O'Neill, Douglas W. Woods, Jon E. Grant, John Piacentini, Nancy J. Keuthen

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Trichotillomania (TTM) and skin-picking disorder (SPD) are body-focused repetitive behavior disorders (BFRBDs) associated with deficits in emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and experiential avoidance. Their differential relations to TTM, SPD, and their comorbidity, and relative importance in predicting BFRBD outcomes is unclear. Therefore, this study compared these constructs in adults (n = 311) diagnosed with TTM (n = 112), SPD (n = 87), comorbid TTM and SPD (n = 40), and healthy controls (n = 72), and examined their relative importance in association with BFRBD outcomes. Participants completed questionnaires assessing BFRBD severity and impairment, functional disability, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, experiential …


Volumetric Differences Of Thalamic Nuclei Are Associated With Posttrauma Psychopathology, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald Oct 2025

Volumetric Differences Of Thalamic Nuclei Are Associated With Posttrauma Psychopathology, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Previous investigations of whole thalamus and thalamic nuclei volumes in posttrauma psychopathology have been sparse and limited in scope and have yielded inconsistent results. To address this, volumetric estimates of whole thalamus and thalamic nuclei were obtained from structural brain magnetic resonance imaging scans from 2058 participants across 20 worldwide sites in the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) working group.

Methods

Thalamic volumes were compared in trauma-exposed participants with PTSD (n = 238), major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 184), and comorbid PTSD+MDD (n = 618) and in trauma-exposed …


The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Data-Driven Marketing: Enhancing Marketing Efficiency, Customer Engagement, And Business Performance In Smes, Abdelrehim Awad Oct 2025

The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Data-Driven Marketing: Enhancing Marketing Efficiency, Customer Engagement, And Business Performance In Smes, Abdelrehim Awad

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Marketing applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have revolutionized business strategy providing Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) with superior customer engagement tools, strategic segmentation, and performance improvement. This study investigates the impact of marketing practices that are AI-based, like customer segmentation, predictive analytics, and marketing automation, on marketing efficacy, customer engagement, and on overall business performance in Egyptian small and SMEs. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, which means the integration of both quantitative (survey) and qualitative (interview) data analyzed with various methodological paradigms. The study consisted of structured surveys to 100 marketing professionals across several Egyptian SMEs and 30 executive interviews. Quantitative …


The Role Of Organizational Behavior Dimensions In Achieving Organizational Sustainability: The Moderating Impact Of Human Resource Development In The Iraqi Construction Sector, Ibraheem Ali Saadi Oct 2025

The Role Of Organizational Behavior Dimensions In Achieving Organizational Sustainability: The Moderating Impact Of Human Resource Development In The Iraqi Construction Sector, Ibraheem Ali Saadi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

This empirical research aims to examine the relationship between three core dimensions of Organizational Behavior (OB), namely, Organizational Commitment (ORC), Organizational Structure (OST), Employee Engagement (EME), and Organizational Sustainability (OS) within medium and large-scale construction firms operating in Iraq. In addition, the study explores the moderating role of Human Resource Development (HRD) on the interactions between these OB elements and OS. A structured questionnaire was administered to 216 senior executives, including CEOs and senior managers, yielding 161 valid responses that were analyzed using SPSS. The findings confirm that ORC, OST, and EME are all significantly associated with OS. However, HRD …


Everyday Norms Have Become More Permissive Over Time And Vary Across Cultures, K. Eriksson, P. Strimling, I. Vartanova, Andree Hartanto Oct 2025

Everyday Norms Have Become More Permissive Over Time And Vary Across Cultures, K. Eriksson, P. Strimling, I. Vartanova, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Every social situation that people encounter in their daily lives comes with a set of unwritten rules about what behavior is considered appropriate or inappropriate. These everyday norms can vary across societies: some societies may have more permissive norms in general or for certain behaviors, or for certain behaviors in specific situations. In a preregistered survey of 25,422 participants across 90 societies, we map societal differences in 150 everyday norms and show that they can be explained by how societies prioritize individualizing moral foundations such as care and liberty versus binding moral foundations such as purity. Specifically, societies with more …