Digital Commons Network^™

Effect Of Single-Gender Education On Girls' Success In Math, Joseph Moody

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prior research suggested that all students were not treated equally in the educational setting and that boys perform better than girls on standardized tests. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine how class composition affected performance on the math section of the Educational Records Bureau (ERB) test and Preliminary SAT (PSAT) among girls who took single-gender classes and girls who remained in coed math classes. Gender essentialism and gender constructivism are important to the study of single-gender education because the foundation of single-gender education is in understanding brain development to design a classroom that allows for differences to …

Cultural Humility As A Predictor Of Intention To Leave Moderated By Authentic Leadership, Dennis Whitfield

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this research was the inappropriate treatment of multicultural individuals by their immediate supervisors and the need for a thorough examination of cultural humility in organizational settings. This quantitative study used linear regression and moderation analyses to examine the relationship between cultural humility and intention to leave moderated by authentic leadership to determine how the participants’ perception of cultural humility in their immediate supervisor predicted their intention to leave. Another purpose was to examine whether authentic leadership moderated the relationship with intention to leave. The theoretical framework for this study included cultural humility, authentic leadership, and intention …

Strategies For Increasing Employee Engagement In Media Organizations, Mercedeez Porsché, Ellexus Byrd

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee engagement is crucial for the success of any organization, and disengaged employees can reduce productivity and increase costs. Media leaders are concerned with the negative impact that employee disengagement can have on firms’ profitability and competitiveness. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies leaders use to increase employee engagement in media organizations. Participants comprised five leaders within media organizations with a local presence in Georgia who successfully implemented strategies to increase employee engagement. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and a review of online and public platforms. Data were analyzed …

Ethics For Real Estate Lawyers Today, John G. Cameron Jr., Nancy B. Rapoport

Scholarly Works

This essay discusses various ethics issues that real estate lawyers experience: everything from new ABA Model Rule 8.4(g) (avoiding discrimination) to rules that apply when a lawyer works from home to technological competence and social media to the attorney-client privilege and to advance conflicts waivers. There is also a social science overlay that discusses why smart people do dumb things.

Clients And Lawyers Unite: The Dysfunction Of Law Firm Teams Need A Cure, Joseph Regalia, David Wallace

Scholarly Works

Attorneys and clients have made clear: Dysfunctional law firm teams are not working. Gone are the days when lawyers had to quietly endure poor management, poor planning, and all-around poor work dynamics. Growing pressure on lawyers to get more efficient and produce more value—and a welcome focus on lawyer wellbeing—means that law firms can no longer ignore their responsibility to cultivate better workplaces.

It is no secret that law firm lawyers consistently rank as among the least happy workers in the world. And team dynamics—how attorneys and other legal professionals work together—may be a bigger piece of that puzzle than …

Racial Pay Equity In “White” Collar Workplaces, Nantiya Ruan

Scholarly Works

Part I outlines the many ways that corporate employers fail in racial equity efforts and the barriers that have been put into place to keep BIPOC workers from succeeding. Drawing from industrial organizational psychology and sociology, I identify six distinct challenges that must be remedied or ameliorated in order for BIPOC to achieve pay equity in the corporate climate. Part II identifies and analyzes the decades of litigation and class action settlements that have tried and failed to address the persistent lack of BIPOC representation in the financial industry. I categorize these cases into three waves of litigation intended to …

Attorney Competence In The Algorithm Age, Nantiya Ruan

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Of Marks And Markets: An Empirical Study Of Trademark Litigation, Jessica M. Kiser, Sean P. Wright, Benjamin P. Edwards

Scholarly Works

Trademarks are increasingly valuable assets, and some companies aggressively enforce and protect these assets. Such aggressive tactics can harm small businesses and chill creativity and speech, but trademark owners are routinely told that the law requires them to stop all similar third-party trademark usage or risk abandonment of their rights. While prior scholarship has discussed how the risk of trademark abandonment is quite low, incentives built into trademark law still push companies to court. This Article presents the results of an event study utilizing an established database of trademark infringement cases to provide insight to decisionmakers on whether the stock …

Terror And Tenderness In Criminal Law, M. Eve Hanan

Scholarly Works

The criminal legal system is at a crossroads. Calls for abolition are met with calls for modest adjustments or maintenance of the status quo. What frequently emerges from these polarities is a promise that police, prosecutors, judges, and other government actors will use their vast discretion to reduce the harmful excesses of criminal legal practices. Initiatives like “compassionate release,” “second look sentencing,” and the progressive prosecutor’s pledge to “charge with restraint” are examples of this promise to exercise discretion with care. In word choice and design, these discretionary reforms suggest tempering harsh criminal legal practices with leniency and individualized consideration—a …

Cultivating Sense: Cultural Change In The Prosecutor's Office, Shih-Chun Steven Chien

Scholarly Works

Prosecutors exercise broad discretion. They are widely viewed as the gatekeepers of the criminal justice system. To date, studies on prosecutors in different jurisdictions have largely focused on how to conceptualize, manage, and eventually control the exercise of prosecutorial discretion. Scholars have recently turned their attention to the importance of internal organizational management and leadership's role in changing office culture as a means to regulate prosecutorial discretion. But we have limited empirical evidence as to how changes occur within a prosecutor's office and what precise role organizational leaders play during this process.

This Article constructs a new paradigm for the …

Law Enforcement Leaders’ Perceptions Of The Attributes Of Emotional Intelligence, Gordon A. Broussard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractAlthough there have been numerous studies conducted on emotional intelligence and effective leadership, there is a need for increased emotional intelligence among law enforcement leaders. This study aimed at determining how law enforcement leaders perceive the importance of emotional intelligence attributes when leading their organization. A phenomenological qualitative study was used with purposive and snowball sampling of 12 participants who held senior leadership positions for over five years as chiefs and sheriffs throughout the United States. Semistructured interviews were conducted to determine participants’ perceptions of the importance of the four attributes of emotional intelligence: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship …

Jamaican College Administrators’ Perceptions Of Providing Accommodations For Students With Disabilities, Tracey Ann Anderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem that was explored in this study was that many students with learning disabilities are enrolled in Jamaican teachers’ colleges but were not provided with accommodations. The purpose of the study was to determine the perceived and barriers that Jamaican college administrators experience in facilitating the accommodation of students with disabilities. The conceptual framework for this study was social exclusion theory, which helped analyze the insufficiencies in integrating persons with disabilities. The research questions addressed Jamaican college administrators’ perceptions of barriers in providing accommodations for students with learning disabilities. A basic qualitative design was used for this study. Data …

Assessing African American Perceptions Of Racial Discrimination By Law Enforcement In Rural South Georgia, Joseph Bacot

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African Americans make up a very small percentage of our nation’s population. However, studies have shown that they are treated unfairly by law enforcement at higher rates than their white counterparts. The purpose of this qualitative study was to utilize a phenomenological approach to assess the perceptions of the lived experience of African Americans who claim to have been the recipients of racial discrimination by police. The study specifically focused on targeted rural areas in South Georgia to determine if “rural” life would alter how recipients perceived the overall legitimacy of policing after encountering a racially discriminatory interaction with police. …

Current Practices For Forensic Assessments Of Offenders, Garet Bradford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractCurrent Practices for Forensic Assessments of Offenders by Garet Bradford MA, University of Cincinnati, 2017 BA, University of Nevada, 2014 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Forensic Psychology Walden University August 2023

The Relationship Between Exercise Self-Efficacy, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs, And Exercise In Individual’S With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, Mary Bridget Collins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a form of dysautonomia in which the autonomic nervous system malfunctions. An effective treatment for POTS is exercise; however, many individuals with POTS are unable to complete a standardized exercise regimen. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of why individuals with POTS may or may not engage in the beneficial practice of exercise by exploring factors such as low exercise self-efficacy (ESE) and elevated fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB). The theoretical foundation that grounded this study was the social learning theory (SLT) and social cognitive theory (SCT). The research questions explored the …

Organizational Strategies For Improving The Present State Of A Behavioral Health Center Within A Historically Black College And University, Tonya Channell Cleveland

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study aimed to explore the perceptions of university behavioral health counselors and other healthcare professionals relevant to the funding strategies and initiatives they used to help college students access the high-quality behavioral health services they need. On-campus counseling centers are valuable resources that benefit student well-being, including academic performance and retention. Understanding what factors create barriers for students who desire to seek counseling can help higher education professionals work to improve access to counseling. This qualitative case study focused on a university counseling center at a Southern Historically Black College and University serving a population of majority African American …

Individuals’ Lived Experiences With Pharmaceutical Patient Assistant Programs, Marcia Clarke-Burke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractPharmaceutical patient assistance programs (PAPs) were introduced as an alternative to address patients’ inability to obtain necessary prescription drugs. However, individuals were not fully exploring the beneficial nature of PAPs due to a poor understanding of the programs. Additional research is needed to understand how PAPs impact patients’ outcomes and costs of care. Grounded in Andersen and Newman’s model of health care utilization, this qualitative research was guided by the hermeneutic phenomenological research design. Data were collected during interviews with 11 participants located in various states regarding their participation in PAPs and their lived experiences in using PAPs. Collected data …

Help-Seeking And Stigma Experienced By Arab American Immigrant Parents Of Children With Autism, April Demasters

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Because of cultural and religious norms and associated stigma, some parents of a child with a mental illness or developmental disorder are hesitant to seek help for their child. The purpose of the study is to better understand how religious and ethnic culture reinforces stigma and its impact on a parent’s decision to seek help. This phenomenological qualitative study was conducted with Muslim Arab American immigrant parents, including first and second generations, in the United States who had a child diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) within the last 15 years. Semistructured interviews were conducted to gather data exploring …

Administrator Experiences With Placement Of Transgender Women In Coed Residential Homeless Facilities, Monica Lee Discolo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have found that transgender women have difficulty accessing appropriate and inclusive services due to inadequate housing placements. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore the experiences of administrators of coed homeless facilities when making housing placement decisions for transgender women. Queer theory provided the theoretical lens for the study. As part of the qualitative generic study design, 10 interviews were conducted via telephone with participants selected through snowball sampling. The interviews were transcribed, and several iterations of thematic analysis were conducted to construct codes, categories, and themes. The findings revealed that there is (a) a lack …

Experiences Of Older Adults With Hiv/Aids Enrolled In Case Management Programs In Northwest Indiana, Antoinette Cardenas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIn 2016, more than half of those infected with HIV/AIDS were age 50 years or older. Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the survival rate of HIV patients has been on the rise with a predicted increase by 2030, but this has also contributed to early onset of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and kidney failure. The purpose of this generic qualitative study, driven by ecological systems theory, was to explore the experiences of older adults (age 50 and older) with HIV/AIDS who were enrolled in case management programs in Northwest Indiana. Data were collected from semi structured interviews …

The Perceived Impact Of Effective Leadership On Employee Engagement And Compliance, Ayana Gilham

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The focus of this study was the perceived impact of effective leadership on employee engagement and compliance. The Baldridge Excellence Framework was used as a guide for this qualitative case study of a behavioral health organization (BHO) located in the southeastern region of the United States. Research questions were used to examine the definition of effective leadership, the impact effective leadership has on employee engagement and compliance, and training needed to implement effective leadership practices. Data sources were semi-structured interviews with the organization’s Vice President of Operations and Clinical Director, the organization’s website, government websites, archival data provided by the …

Admission Timing, Age, Sex, Pain, And Disability As Outcome Predictors Of Short-Term Pain Programs, Nanesha Courtney

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have found that age, sex, education level, and pretreatment pain levels may be significant predictors of patient outcomes; however, it remained unknown whether the timing of treatment predicts pain and disability after a multidisciplinary short-term intensive pain treatment program. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study was to use archival data to examine whether the timing of entry into a multidisciplinary short-term intensive pain treatment program predicted pain and functioning levels at posttreatment. Glasser’s choice theory was used to examine whether the combined effect of pretreatment pain, occupational disability level, age, sex, education level, and time of entrance predicted …

Strategies Hotel Leaders Use To Improve Employee Engagement, O'Neil Orlando Dacres

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee engagement is a significant factor that drives performance and productivity in many organizations. Hotel leaders are typically concerned with the negative impact of disengaged employees, which reduces profitability. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies hotel leaders use to improve employee engagement. The participants were five hotel leaders in Jamaica who have successfully implemented strategies to improve employee engagement. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review of organizational documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and five themes emerged: staff engagement, communication, rewards and recognition, employee training and …

Grade 3 Teachers’ Perceptions Of Challenges And Supports In Addressing Socioemotional Needs Of African American Students, Lavina Nicole Covin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Empirical evidence from researchers suggested that socioemotional learning is essential to academic success, reducing negative behaviors, and building confidence and resilience. The problem explored in this basic qualitative study was that Grade 3 teachers in Title I schools were not adequately equipped to handle African American students’ socioemotional and mental health needs. Guided by Seligman’s positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishments theory, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of 10 local district Title I Grade 3 teachers regarding the challenges they face, and support they need to provide adequate socioemotional and mental health interventions …

High School Science Students’ Cognitive Load Using Virtual Reality Compared To Traditional Instruction, Maria Carmen R. Lagalante

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cognitive load is the effort needed to process and store information in memory and can be measured via subjective, physiological, and performance methods. Virtual reality learning environments (VRLEs) enhance science aptitude and motivate students to pursue science careers. Cognitive load is divided into three types: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. Using cognitive load theory as the framework, the problem addressed through this study was that it is not yet fully understood what the effect of VRLEs is on students’ cognitive load, which can hinder their learning if it is too high. Secondary science education comprises many complex topics with significant levels …

The Externalization Of The Triarchic Psychopathy Model’S Boldness In Successful Female Psychopathy, Michelle F. Linski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The study of successful female psychopathy is one that is under researched in the field of psychopathy. Current research focuses on the criminal male psychopath which has also led to a deficit of research on boldness, a construct of psychopathy found within the triarchic psychopathy model (TriPM). It is crucial that these gaps be addressed because these individuals still can harm those around them. The more researchers understand about the roles of gender and boldness and how they work together, the more equipped they will be when piecing together the psychopathy puzzle. The current study was grounded in Bem’s gender …

Cross-Functional Team Collaboration For Enhancing Timely And Effective Emergency Department Care, Osaigbovo Osemwegie

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMany US hospitals report overcrowding in the emergency department (ED) with increased ambulance diversion. Operating at overcapacity risks staff members' ability to provide timely and effective emergency care to patients, exposing them to poor health outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate whether a correlation exists between cross-functional team collaboration and timely and effective ED care for patients who left 548 national hospital EDs before being seen between 2020 and 2021. The study's independent variable was cross-functional team collaboration, and the dependent variables were Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Quality Measure scores: left before being …

Firefighters’ Views Associated With Mental Health Counseling, Jessica H. Ridgway

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Decades of research show that firefighters’ trauma-filled tasks and work environments are associated with decreases in the quality of their everyday lives. Firefighters experience trauma on a regular basis which is leading to mental health issues contributing to work and non-work-related issues. Since stigma is present toward mental health counseling, firefighters are not always seeking the help they need. Through qualitative research, the purpose of the study was to explore thoughts and views of experienced, male firefighters to establish ways of improving their life quality. Semi structured interviews were used to gather data from nine participants regarding their views on …

Comparing Cigarette-Cue Attentional Bias Between People With Hiv/Aids And People With Opioid Use Disorder Who Smoke, Gopalkumar Rakesh, Joseph L Alcorn, Rebika Khanal, Seth S Himelhoch, Craig R Rush

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Special populations like people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and people with opioid use disorder (OUD) smoke tobacco cigarettes at rates three to four times greater than the general population. Patients with tobacco use disorder exhibit attentional bias (AB) for cigarette cues. Eye tracking can quantify this bias by measuring fixation time (FT) on cigarette and matched neutral cues, to calculate an AB score. Although previous studies have measured this bias in people who smoke without any other comorbid conditions, no study, to our knowledge, has measured or compared this bias in special populations.

METHODS: We performed exploratory analyses on …

Self Care Education For Nurses Following An Assault, Barbara Lynn Schwarz

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractSelf-Care Education for Nurses Following an Assault by Barbara Lynn Schwarz MS, Nebraska Wesleyan University, 2008 BS, Nebraska Wesleyan University, 2004

Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice

Walden University August 2023 Abstract Every day, 1 in 4 nurses experience physical and/or verbal assault, surpassing the rates among police officers and prison guards. This issue is particularly widespread among nurses working in mental health settings. The local practice problem for this project was the absence of self-care education for nurses following workplace assaults. The literature revealed that such assaults have traumatic …