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The Effect Of Physical Activity Courses On The Motivation For Physical Activity In College Students: A Scoping Review, Erica Fauste Waizenhofer Hill

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

The lack of physical activity and exercise participation has been an ongoing
problem for young adults aged 18-24. Universities and colleges worldwide offer a variety of required and elective physical activity courses for college credit to increase active participation in lifelong healthy lifestyles. This scoping review collected studies on college students’ motivation to participate in physical activity. The courses were taught using methods based on motivational theories. The authors of the studies collected information from the students before and after the classes to gather data on the theoretical framework’s effect on the students, if any. This review compiles this information, …

Reliability And Validity Of A Commercial Running Power Meter To Indicate Metabolic Workload During Endurance Running, James Harris Hudgins Iii

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Commercial running power (RP) meters may provide endurance runners and coaches with improved precision for monitoring running intensity. Cyclists rely upon the relationship between cycling power and metabolic demand to regulate physiological intensity during training and racing, independent of changes in the physical environment (e.g., terrain, wind). Research demonstrates strong reliability and validity for a specific RP meter to indicate metabolic demand within controlled running conditions. However, several potential influences on this relationship have not been investigated. Therefore, four studies were conducted with the following aims:

- Study 1: Determine the inter-limb reliability and validity of a single-limb-based RP meter …

Food Insecurity On College Campuses: Addressing The Issue Through A Student-Centered Perspective, Thomas Ard

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Research indicates food insecurity (FI) has become a consistent challenge for college students. However, more is needed regarding the students' lived experiences of food insecurity following the COVID-19 pandemic. Universities play a vital role in assisting students with food insecurity through food assistance programs, on-campus resources, and financial help, which impacts their physiological needs and academic performance. A better understanding of what influences students' perceptions and decisions about whether to engage in these resources is essential.

This dissertation's purpose was to explore how college students living with food insecurity experience engaging in food assistance programs (FAP). The study used a …

The Relationship Of Multidimensional Athlete Characteristics Versus Competition Performance And Participation In American Football Players, Alex Brownell

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

BACKGROUND: Athlete evaluation in American football is dominated by the evaluation characteristics that underly key performance indicators (KPI’s) in the physical domain of performance. Team sport athlete performance is comprised of a combination of attributes in the physical, technical, tactical, and mental domains of performance. Using only KPI’s in the physical domain of performance to predict competition performance of American football athletes is challenging due to the differences in performance outcomes of the varying positions in American football and absence of the other performance dimensions that are not accounted for. Advances in athlete assessment have revolutionized the process of evaluating …

Kentucky Teacher Social-Emotional Competence, Burnout, And School Climate, Monica Mundy

Theses and Dissertations--Kinesiology and Health Promotion

Teachers are tasked with supporting student learning and academic achievement. Teachers must establish social-emotional competence within themselves to support students' social-emotional learning. Increased teachers' social-emotional competence could lead to favorable student social, emotional, and academic outcomes. To effectively do so, school officials, parents, and community members should support teachers' social-emotional competence equally.

This study examined the relationship between Kentucky teachers' social-emotional competence, burnout, and school climate. The prosocial classroom model provided the theoretical framework for this study, including the five dimensions of social-emotional competence (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision-making), teacher burnout, and school climate. The hypothesis …

Beyond The Business Case: Moving From Transactional To Transformational Inclusion, Jamillah Bowman Williams

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

While workplace diversity is a hot topic, the extent to which the diversity management movement has effectively improved intergroup relations and reduced racial inequality remains unclear. Despite large investments in diversity and inclusion training and other company wide initiatives, historically excluded groups remain vastly underrepresented in leadership and the most lucrative careers, such as finance, law, and technology. This calls the efficacy of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts into question, particularly with respect to reducing racial inequality in the workplace.

This Article explains why it is time for organizational leaders to move beyond the transactional case for diversity and …

Abila Keynote Address: Beyond International Law? A Dangerous Time, Gregory Shaffer

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

In this keynote address for the 2023 International Law Weekend conference of the American Branch of the International Law Association (ABILA), I first address the dangers of the conference theme “beyond international law” at a time when challenges to international law and institutions increase and aim to constrain international law’s normative force. We have been here before. The world today recalls that of the interwar period, a time of growing economic insecurity and inequality that helped to catalyze the rise of authoritarian movements. During that period, Carl Schmitt was a leading legal theorist who eventually became a member of the …

Cannabis Use Disorder, Suicide Attempts, And Self-Harm Among Adolescents: A National Inpatient Study Across The United States, Adeolu Funso Oladunjoye, Elijah Li, Kammarauche Aneni, Edore Onigu-Otite

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Suicide is among the top three causes of adolescent mortality. There is a scarcity of research examining cannabis use and suicidal behavior in adolescents.

Objectives: To determine the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and suicide attempt/self-harm in a hospitalized sample of adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observation study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected over four years from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2019. We included adolescents aged 10-19 hospitalized during the above period (N = 807,105). The primary outcome was suicide attempt/self-harm and the main predictor was CUD. The International Classification of Diseases …

Learning A Healthy Rhythm: An Intervention To Increase Children’S Resources For Stress Management, Kristin Haglund, Amanda L. King, Abir K. Bekhet, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Karen Olson, Rashs Atshan, Angela Ortiz, Johanna De Los Santos, Ruth Ann Belknap

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This article describes a pilot test of a community engaged, culturally relevant, arts-based intervention. The purpose was to increase children’s personal protective buffering resources. Protective buffering resources help children cope with stressful stimuli, reduce activation of their systemic stress response, mitigate allostatic load, and promote optimal health. The “Learning a Healthy Rhythm” intervention included a stress management component and an ongoing Afro-Latino percussion program for 18 children ages 9–11. The stress management component included educational content about stress, self-assessment of stress symptoms, and stress management techniques. A mixed-method intervention evaluation design was used. Qualitative data, quantitative data, and biometrics including …

The Value Of Multiple Medication Trials Prior To Balloon Sinuplasty In The Management Of Chronic Sinonasal Disease, Anand G. Shah, Macaulay Ojeaga, Josephine Novak, Vincent Honrubia

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, conservative interventions with extended medical trials are often attempted prior to procedural treatment. Balloon sinuplasty (BSP) is an established procedure for symptomatic relief from chronic rhinosinusitis. However, data suggesting the suboptimal efficacy of prolonged medication management trials, prior to BSP, is lacking.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of prolonged medication management trials, prior to BSP, for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Methods A retrospective review was performed for all adults with chronic rhinosinusitis who received extended medical management prior to their BSP at two outpatient clinics, from November 1, …

A Swimming Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessing Critical Parameters From Caregivers’ Perspectives, Abir K. Bekhet, Norah L. Johnson, Tana Karenke, Amy V. Van Hecke

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

One in 54 individuals is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Swimming can impact the physical and mental well-being of persons with ASD, which in turn may improve their caregivers’ well-being. The purpose of this qualitative evaluation study is to assess the necessity, acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, and beginning effectiveness of a 12-session swimming training program (STP) at an indoor university pool designed to teach persons with ASD how to swim, and to teach caregivers precautions for safety around water. Participants included 7 boys, and 3 girls with ASD [mean age 7.05 years (SD 1.17)] and their caregivers. Results indicated that …

Physical Activity, Inflammation, And Physical Function In Older Adults: Results From The Health & Retirement Study, Jeanne L. Hlebichuk, Randall J. Gretebeck, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Linda B. Piacentine, Maharaj Singh, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Physical function declines with aging due to physical and biological changes. The biological process of aging has been associated with increases in systemic inflammation and a greater risk for chronic conditions. In older adults, physical activity aids in maintenance of function. However, the influence of inflammatory biomarkers and adiposity on physical activity and physical function needs to be further explored. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary data analysis from Wave 13 of the Health & Retirement Study (HRS) core biennial data and Venous Blood Study (VBS) was conducted. Structural equation modeling was used to establish the model and test the relationships. Results: …

Donepezil Alone And Combined With Intensive Language-Action Therapy On Depression And Apathy In Chronic Post-Stroke Aphasia: A Feasibility Study, Marcelo L Berthier, Lisa Edelkraut, Francisco J López-González, Diana López-Barroso, Bettina Mohr, Friedemann Pulvermüller, Sergio E Starkstein, Ricardo E Jorge, María José Torres-Prioris, Guadalupe Dávila

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This study explored the feasibility and effectiveness of a short-term (10-week) intervention trial using Donepezil administered alone and combined with intensive language action therapy (ILAT) for the treatment of apathy and depression in ten people with chronic post-stroke aphasia. Outcome measures were the Western Aphasia Battery and the Stroke Aphasia Depression Questionnaire-21. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography were acquired at baseline and after two endpoints (Donepezil alone and Donepezil-ILAT). The intervention was found to be feasible to implement. Large treatment effects were found. Donepezil alone and combined with ILAT reduced aphasia severity, while apathy and depression …

Habenular Molecular Targets For Depression, Impulsivity, And Addiction, Snigdha Srivastava, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Ramiro Salas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

‘Why Aren’T You On Prep? You’Re A Gay Man’: Reification Of Hiv ‘Risk’ Influences Perception And Behaviour Of Young Sexual Minority Men And Medical Providers, Kevin Hascher, Jessica Jaiswal, Julianna Lorenzo, Caleb Loschiavo, Wanda Burton, Amanda Cox, Kandyce Dunlap, Benjamin Grin, Marybec Griffin, Perry N. Halkitis

Faculty and Staff Publications

Public health models and medical interventions have often failed to consider the impact of reductionist HIV 'risk' discourse on how sexual minority men interpret, enact and embody biomedical knowledge in the context of sexual encounters. The aim of this study was to use an anthropological lens to examine sexual minority men's perception of HIV risk and experience within the medical system in order to examine the influence of risk discourse on their health, behaviour and social norms. In-depth interviews (n = 43) were conducted with a racially, ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of young sexual minority men and explored …

Inspiring Macro Practice Through Rural Social Work: Teaching Notes On Experiential Learning, Dana C. Branson

Contemporary Rural Social Work Journal

Experiential learning is the cornerstone of social work education and has been shown to be highly beneficial to students, especially with increased self-confidence in skills, interest in similar work post-graduation, cultural humility, application of theory to practice, problem solving skills, and critical thinking. Additionally, experiential learning opportunities support the nine competencies of social work education and provides students with an opportunity to try out their budding skills with the guidance and supervision of seasoned social workers. This paper discusses an innovative course project that allowed a group of social work students to engage in macro-level social work practice and grant …

A Clinico-Epidemological Study Of Genital Dermatoses Of Adolescent And Adult Males, Husam Salman, Omar Abdullah

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: Male genital dermatoses are one of the commonest problems in Dermatologist practice. This study is               an overview of patterns of dermatoses affecting male genitalia which induce a concern for the patients and inflect a real psychological trauma. OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency and pattern of infectious & non- infectious  dermatoses and find out most common condition of the male genital region attending Dermatological Department at Baghdad Medical City. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive clinico-epidemiological case series study that was carried out on 350 cases at                      the Centre of Dermatology and Venereology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Iraq …

Risk At The Boundaries Of Social Work: An Editorial, Rory Crath, Jeremy Dixon, Jo Warner

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

In this editorial we introduce a special thematic collection of articles which focus on how risk operates, or is conceptualised, at the boundaries of social work practice. The collection includes theoretical, empirical, and practice-oriented articles, each of which critically engages with contemporary debates about risk and social work and its complex intersections with boundary making in diverse fields. These fields include social work with older people, child sexual abuse and exploitation, and people with learning disabilities. We begin the editorial with a brief account of how social work can be defined and the competing ideological traditions that underpin differing forms …

A Practitioner's Guide To Geospatial Analysis In A Neuroimaging Context, Julie K Wisch, Ganesh M Babulal, Kalen Petersen, Peter R Millar, Enbal Shacham, Stephen Scroggins, Anna H Boerwinkle, Shaney Flores, Sarah Keefe, Brian A Gordon, John C Morris, Beau M Ances

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Health disparities arise from biological-environmental interactions. Neuroimaging cohorts are reaching sufficiently large sample sizes such that analyses could evaluate how the environment affects the brain. We present a practical guide for applying geospatial methods to a neuroimaging cohort.

METHODS: We estimated brain age gap (BAG) from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from 239 city-dwelling participants in St. Louis, Missouri. We compared these participants to population-level estimates from the American Community Survey (ACS). We used geospatial analysis to identify neighborhoods associated with patterns of altered brain structure. We also evaluated the relationship between Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and BAG.

RESULTS: …

Factors Associated With Persistent Postsurgical Pain After Total Knee Or Hip Joint Replacement: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Arunangshu Ghoshal, Shivam Bhanvadia, Som Singh, Lauren Yaeger, Simon Haroutounian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Studies have identified demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and perioperative variables associated with persistent pain after a variety of surgeries. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of factors associated with persistent pain after total knee replacement (TKR) and total hip replacement (THR) surgeries. To meet the inclusion criteria, studies were required to assess variables before or at the time of surgery, include a persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) outcome measure at least 2 months after a TKR or THR surgery, and include a statistical analysis of the effect of the risk factor(s) on the outcome measure. Outcomes from studies …

Cognition And Education Benefits Of Increased Hemoglobin And Blood Oxygenation In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Joanna P. Macewan, Allison A. King, Andy Nguyen, Anuj Mubayi, Irene Agodoa, Kim Smith-Whitley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Among individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), decreased hemoglobin is associated with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased risk of stroke, both of which are associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Thus, increasing hemoglobin and SpO2 in individuals with SCD may increase IQ and educational attainment.

METHODS: A cohort simulation model was built to determine academic performance and educational attainment based on cognitive function (measured by IQ) of a pediatric SCD cohort randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The model contained two key stages: childhood (<10 years) and adolescence (≥10 years). In stage 1, increased hemoglobin and increased SpO2 (assigned to the treatment group) were determinants of higher IQ, prevention of IQ deterioration over time. Increased hemoglobin was also a determinant of decreased stroke risk. In stage 2, improvement in adolescent IQ as a result of treatment was a determinant of academic performance.

RESULTS: In a simulated cohort of 2000 children and adolescents with …

Eating Disorders In Weight-Related Therapy (Edit): Protocol For A Systematic Review With Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Of Eating Disorder Risk In Behavioural Weight Management, Hiba Jebeile, Denise E. Wilfley, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Eating Disorders In weight-related Therapy (EDIT) Collaboration brings together data from randomised controlled trials of behavioural weight management interventions to identify individual participant risk factors and intervention strategies that contribute to eating disorder risk. We present a protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis which aims to identify participants at risk of developing eating disorders, or related symptoms, during or after weight management interventions conducted in adolescents or adults with overweight or obesity. We systematically searched four databases up to March 2022 and clinical trials registries to May 2022 to identify randomised controlled trials of …

Study Protocol: A Cross-Sectional Survey Of Clinicians To Identify Barriers To Clinical Practice Guideline Implementation In The Assessment And Treatment Of Persistent Tic Disorders, Jaclyn M. Martindale, Harini Sarva, Davide Martino, Donald L. Gilbert, Christos Ganos, Tamara Pringsheim, Kevin J. Black, Irene A. Malaty

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Eight members of the International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Society Tic and Tourette Syndrome Study Group formed a subcommittee to discuss further barriers to practice guideline implementation. Based on expert opinion and literature review, the consensus was that practice variations continue to be quite broad and that many barriers in different clinical settings might negatively influence the adoption of the American Academy of Neurology and the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome published guidelines.

OBJECTIVES: 1) To identify how clinical practices diverge from the existing American Academy of Neurology and European Society for the Study of …

Open-Source Statistical And Data Processing Tools For Wide-Field Optical Imaging Data In Mice, Lindsey M. Brier, Joseph P. Culver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Wide-field optical imaging (WOI) can produce concurrent hemodynamic and cell-specific calcium recordings across the entire cerebral cortex in animal models. There have been multiple studies using WOI to image mouse models with various environmental or genetic manipulations to understand various diseases. Despite the utility of pursuing mouse WOI alongside human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and the multitude of analysis toolboxes in the fMRI literature, there is not an available open-source, user-friendly data processing and statistical analysis toolbox for WOI data.

AIM: To assemble a MATLAB toolbox for processing WOI data, as described and adapted to combine techniques from …

Simple And Complex Cells Revisited: Toward A Selectivity-Invariance Model Of Object Recognition, Xin Li, Shuo Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This paper presents a theoretical perspective on modeling ventral stream processing by revisiting the computational abstraction of simple and complex cells. In parallel to David Marr's vision theory, we organize the new perspective into three levels. At the computational level, we abstract simple and complex cells into space partitioning and composition in a topological space based on the redundancy exploitation hypothesis of Horace Barlow. At the algorithmic level, we present a hierarchical extension of sparse coding by exploiting the manifold constraint in high-dimensional space (i.e., the blessing of dimensionality). The resulting over-parameterized models for object recognition differ from existing hierarchical …

Training, Supervision, And Experience Of Coaches Offering Digital Guided Self-Help For Mental Health Concerns, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft, Elsa Rojas, Naira Topooco, Gavin N Rackoff, Nur Hani Zainal, Daniel Eisenberg, Jillian Shah, Christina Desage, Denise E Wilfley, Craig Barr Taylor, Michelle G Newman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Accessible, low-cost intervention options are necessary to address the rise in mental health problems among college students. Digital guided self-help, or coached, programs have been developed to provide such services, with many commercially available. As such, there are a large and growing number of individuals coaching these programs. However, an unmet need is to evaluate and assess best practices for training and supervising individuals in these positions. To this end, we describe how we recruited, trained, and supervised coaches as part of a large randomized controlled trial using a widely available digital commercial platform. Coaches were trained to provide digital …

Migraine Among Neurology Outpatient Attendants In Mansoura University: Sociodemographic And Migraine Comorbidities Analysis, Mohammad Youssif Ismail Ibrahim, Tamer Mohammad Belal, Hossam Mohammad Egila, Ahmed Gamal Azab

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Twelve percent of the population is thought to suffer from migraines. 1% to 2% of individuals worldwide suffer from chronic migraine (CM). Approximately 2.5% of cases who have episodic migraine (EM) develop CM. A number of risk factors are linked to the development of CM. Independent of medication; there is a sizable short-term variance in migraine frequency. Sleep difficulties, psychological illness, and cardiovascular disease are all linked to migraine. It is the second most incapacitating illness globally. Objectives: To evalaute the sociodemographic characteristics of migraineurs and their different co-morbidities. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study with analytic component was …

The Effect Of Adding Magnesium Sulphate Versus Dexmedetomidine As An Adjuvant To Bupivacaine In Ultrasound Rectus Sheath Block On Postoperative Analgesia In Patients Undergoing Abdominal Aortic Surgery, Ghada Fouad Amer, Mohamed Younes Yousef Abd Allah

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: With significant advancements in the area, post-operative pain management after abdominal procedures has garnered attention lately. Despite these developments, post-operative pain is still difficult to manage and is sometimes not sufficiently addressed, which causes worry, tension, and discontent in the patient. In addition to having negative medical impacts, inadequate pain management may also have negative psychological, economic, and societal repercussions. Aim and objectives: To assess the analgesic impacts of dexmedetomidine against magnesium sulphate when used as a bupivacaine adjuvant during ultrasound-guided bilateral rectus sheath block during abdominal aortic surgery. Patients and methods: Over the course of five months, 40 …

Professional Teaching Standards And Inclusion In Teacher Education: Insights From A Hearing-Impaired Health And Physical Education Pre-Service Teacher’S Professional Experience, Donna Barwood, John O'Rourke, Dawn Penney, Andrew Jones, Jordan Thomas

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Initial Teacher Education (ITE) is a critical arena for advancing inclusion in Health and Physical Education (HPE). This paper reports research that is engaging with the diversity of the HPE profession and practitioners. It centres on a unique case study that critically explored the school-based professional experience of an Australian secondary HPE Pre-service Teacher (PsT) who has a hearing impairment. Specifically, to enable PST success in HPE professional experiences as defined by the professional standards for teachers in Australia and to which, PSTs’ must evidence to graduate and attain teacher registration. Drawing on documentary and interview data the paper focuses …

"Having It Both Ways: Containing The Champions Of Feminism In Female-Led Origin And Solo Superhero Films", Jessica Taylor, Laura Glitsos

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In this article, we consider the emerging trend of solo, female-led superhero films, and their repeated location in aesthetically distinct pasts or “closed moments.” This pastness, we contend, serves to distinguish the concerns of the protagonists, which are often read as feminist, as redundant for the contemporary audience. This framing is in keeping with a postfeminist cultural context, wherein feminist values and successes are celebrated, while simultaneously declared irrelevant.

We examine the historical or closed settings in Wonder Woman (2017), Wonder Woman 1984 (2020), Captain Marvel (2019) and Black Widow (2021), and consider how this collective investment in the past …