Digital Commons Network^™

Management Of Oral Cavity Mucormycosis In A Ketoacidotic Patient With Targeted Debridement And A Palate Obturator, Jennifer Adams, Adam Bender-Heine

School of Medicine Publications

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic mycosis common in poorly-controlled insulin dependent diabetic patients particularly with ketoacidosis. It often begins as a nasal and paranasal sinus infection with inhalation of spores into the paranasal sinuses of a susceptible host. In this case report we review the clinical symptoms, relevant imaging, and management of a diabetic patient with mucormycosis threatening his better seeing eye. This case report offers the clinician a review of important clinical and diagnostic findings that can help direct the need for orbital exenteration. In addition, various reconstruction options are considered to help guide informed management.

Not For Human Consumption: How To Alleviate The Cruelty Plaguing The Pet Food Industry In The United States, Bailey Frank

Animal Law Review

More than 37 billion dollars of pet food was sold in 2019, a sum that increased to approximately 42 billion dollars in 2020. In fact, forty-two of the fifty states have pet food facilities producing more than 3 million tons of animal-based pet food ingredients. Yet, in the last decade, multiple pet food brands have been found to contain trace amounts of euthanasia ‘death drugs’ and are made from 3D or 4D animals — those that are dead, dying, diseased, or disabled. While this can often cause sickness or death in companion animals, an equally urgent issue is the welfare …

Epithelial Morphogenesis In The Drosophila Egg Chamber Requires Parvin And Ilk, Athina Keramidioti, Evgenia Golegou, Eleni Psarra, Nikolaos Paschalidis, Konstantina Kalodimou, Shinya Yamamoto, Christos Delidakis, Katerina M Vakaloglou, Christos G Zervas

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Integrins are the major family of transmembrane proteins that mediate cell-matrix adhesion and have a critical role in epithelial morphogenesis. Integrin function largely depends on the indirect connection of the integrin cytoplasmic tail to the actin cytoskeleton through an intracellular protein network, the integrin adhesome. What is currently unknown is the role of individual integrin adhesome components in epithelia dynamic reorganization. Drosophila egg chamber consists of the oocyte encircled by a monolayer of somatic follicle epithelial cells that undergo specific cell shape changes. Egg chamber morphogenesis depends on a developmental array of cell-cell and cell-matrix signalling events. Recent elegant work …

Emerging Roles Of Alternative Cleavage And Polyadenylation (Apa) In Human Disease, Prakash Dharmalingam, Rajasekaran Mahalingam, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili, Tingting Weng, Harry Karmouty-Quintana, Ashrith Guha, Rajarajan A Thandavarayan

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

In the messenger RNA (mRNA) maturation process, the 3'-end of pre-mRNA is cleaved and a poly(A) sequence is added, this is an important determinant of mRNA stability and its cellular functions. More than 60%-70% of human genes have three or more polyadenylation (APA) sites and can be cleaved at different sites, generating mRNA transcripts of varying lengths. This phenomenon is termed as alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) and it plays role in key biological processes like gene regulation, cell proliferation, senescence, and also in various human diseases. Loss of regulatory microRNA binding sites and interactions with RNA-binding proteins leading to …

Hepatic Pparα Is Destabilized By Sirt1 Deacetylase In Undernourished Male Mice, Ji Ho Suh, Kang Ho Kim, Margaret E Conner, David D Moore, Geoffrey A Preidis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The nutrient sensing nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) regulates the host response to short-term fasting by inducing hepatic transcriptional programming of ketogenesis, fatty acid oxidation and transport, and autophagy. This adaptation is ineffective in chronically undernourished individuals, among whom dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis are common. We recently reported that hepatic PPARα protein is profoundly depleted in male mice undernourished by a low-protein, low-fat diet. Here, we identify PPARα as a deacetylation target of the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and link this to the decrease in PPARα protein levels in undernourished liver. Livers from undernourished male mice expressed high levels …

Pathologic Inflammation In Malnutrition Is Driven By Proinflammatory Intestinal Microbiota, Large Intestine Barrier Dysfunction, And Translocation Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide, Grace T Patterson, Elvia Y Osorio, Alex Peniche, Sara M Dann, Erika Cordova, Geoffrey A Preidis, Ji Ho Suh, Ichiaki Ito, Omar A Saldarriaga, Michael Loeffelholz, Nadim J Ajami, Bruno L Travi, Peter C Melby

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acute malnutrition, or wasting, is implicated in over half of all deaths in children under five and increases risk of infectious disease. Studies in humans and preclinical models have demonstrated that malnutrition is linked to an immature intestinal microbiota characterized by increased prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae. Observational studies in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) have also observed heightened systemic inflammation and increased circulating bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS; endotoxin). However, the mechanisms that underpin the systemic inflammatory state and endotoxemia, and their pathophysiological consequences, remain uncertain. Understanding these pathophysiological mechanisms is necessary to design targeted treatments that will improve the unacceptable rate …

Clinical Outcome And Gut Development After Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Supplementation To Preterm Pigs, Kristine Holgersen, Martin Bo Rasmussen, Galen Carey, Douglas G Burrin, Thomas Thymann, Per Torp Sangild

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Elevation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) within normal physiological levels may alleviate several morbidities in preterm infants but safety and efficacy remain unclear. We hypothesized that IGF-1 supplementation during the first 1-2 weeks after preterm birth improves clinical outcomes and gut development, using preterm pigs as a model for infants.

METHODS: Preterm pigs were given vehicle or recombinant human IGF-1/binding protein-3 (rhIGF-1, 2.25 mg/kg/d) by subcutaneous injections for 8 days (Experiment 1, n = 34), or by systemic infusion for 4 days (Experiment 2, n = 19), before collection of blood and organs for analyses.

RESULTS: In both …

The Third International Hackathon For Applying Insights Into Large-Scale Genomic Composition To Use Cases In A Wide Range Of Organisms, Kimberly Walker, Divya Kalra, Rebecca Lowdon, Guangyi Chen, David Molik, Daniela C Soto, Fawaz Dabbaghie, Ahmad Al Khleifat, Medhat Mahmoud, Luis F Paulin, Muhammad Sohail Raza, Susanne P Pfeifer, Daniel Paiva Agustinho, Elbay Aliyev, Pavel Avdeyev, Enrico R Barrozo, Sairam Behera, Kimberley Billingsley, Li Chuin Chong, Deepak Choubey, Wouter De Coster, Yilei Fu, Alejandro R Gener, Timothy Hefferon, David Morgan Henke, Wolfram Höps, Anastasia Illarionova, Michael D Jochum, Maria Jose, Rupesh K Kesharwani, Sree Rohit Raj Kolora, Jędrzej Kubica, Priya Lakra, Damaris Lattimer, Chia-Sin Liew, Bai-Wei Lo, Chunhsuan Lo, Anneri Lötter, Sina Majidian, Suresh Kumar Mendem, Rajarshi Mondal, Hiroko Ohmiya, Nasrin Parvin, Carolina Peralta, Chi-Lam Poon, Ramanandan Prabhakaran, Marie Saitou, Aditi Sammi, Philippe Sanio, Nicolae Sapoval, Najeeb Syed, Todd Treangen, Gaojianyong Wang, Tiancheng Xu, Jianzhi Yang, Shangzhe Zhang, Weiyu Zhou, Fritz J Sedlazeck, Ben Busby

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In October 2021, 59 scientists from 14 countries and 13 U.S. states collaborated virtually in the Third Annual Baylor College of Medicine & DNANexus Structural Variation hackathon. The goal of the hackathon was to advance research on structural variants (SVs) by prototyping and iterating on open-source software. This led to nine hackathon projects focused on diverse genomics research interests, including various SV discovery and genotyping methods, SV sequence reconstruction, and clinically relevant structural variation, including SARS-CoV-2 variants. Repositories for the projects that participated in the hackathon are available at https://github.com/collaborativebioinformatics.

Problems In Csf And Ophthalmic Disease Research, Ryan Machiele, Benjamin Jay Frankfort, Hanspeter Esriel Killer, David Fleischman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There has been significant interest and progress in the understanding of cerebrospinal fluid pressure and its relationship to glaucoma and other ophthalmic diseases. However, just as every physiologic fluid pressure fluctuates, cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) is similarly dynamic. Coupling this with the difficulty in measuring the pressure, there are many obstacles in furthering this field of study. This review highlights some of the difficulties in CSFP research, including fluid compartmentalization, estimation equations, and pressure fluctuation. Keeping these limitations in mind will hopefully improve the quality and context of this burgeoning field.

Il-17 Producing Lymphocytes Cause Dry Eye And Corneal Disease With Aging In Rxrα Mutant Mouse, Jehan Alam, Ghasem Yazdanpanah, Rinki Ratnapriya, Nicholas Borcherding, Cintia S De Paiva, Dequan Li, Rodrigo Guimaraes De Souza, Zhiyuan Yu, Stephen C Pflugfelder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: To investigate IL-17 related mechanisms for developing dry eye disease in the Pinkie mouse strain with a loss of function RXRα mutation.

METHODS: Measures of dry eye disease were assessed in the cornea and conjunctiva. Expression profiling was performed by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to compare gene expression in conjunctival immune cells. Conjunctival immune cells were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The activity of RXRα ligand 9-cis retinoic acid (RA) was evaluated in cultured monocytes and γδ T cells.

RESULTS: Compared to wild type (WT) C57BL/6, Pinkie has increased signs of dry eye disease, including decreased tear …

Loss Of H2r Signaling Disrupts Neutrophil Homeostasis And Promotes Inflammation-Associated Colonic Tumorigenesis In Mice, Zhongcheng Shi, Yuko Mori-Akiyama, Wa Du, Robert Fultz, Yanling Zhao, Wenly Ruan, Susan Venable, Melinda A Engevik, James Versalovic

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We previously showed that histamine suppressed inflammation-associated colonic tumorigenesis through histamine type 2 receptor (H2R) signaling in mice. This study aimed to precisely elucidate the downstream effects of H2R activation in innate immune cells.

METHODS: Analyses using online databases of single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal epithelial cells in mice and RNA sequencing of mouse immune cells were performed to determine the relative abundances of 4 histamine receptors among different cell types. Mouse neutrophils, which expressed greater amounts of H2R, were collected from the peritoneum of wild-type and H2R-deficient mice, of which low-density and high-density neutrophils were extracted …

Eviction Courts, Kathryn A. Sabbeth

Faculty Publications

This Article examines the legal mechanics of the courts that issue eviction orders. It analyzes these courts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the federal eviction moratoria. The eviction phenomenon preceded the pandemic, but the pandemic exaggerated many of its features. How the eviction courts responded to the eviction moratoria reveals a great deal about how these fora have been functioning all along. While the eviction moratoria were important, the design of eviction courts limited their impact.

The Article identifies ten groups of laws that structure critical design features of eviction courts: (1) filing fee statutes that make …

Automated Legal Guidance At Federal Agencies, Joshua D. Blank, Leigh Z. Osofsky

Faculty Publications

When individuals have questions about Federal benefits, services, and legal rules, they are increasingly seeking help from government chatbots, virtual assistants, and other automated tools. Current forms of automated legal guidance platforms include the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services’s “Emma,” the U.S. Department of Education’s “Aidan,” and the Internal Revenue Service’s “Interactive Tax Assistant.” Most scholars who have studied artificial intelligence and Federal government agencies have not focused on the government’s use of technology to offer guidance to the public. The absence of scholarly attention to automation as a means of communicating government guidance is an important gap in the …

M.C. 4-H - Food Show Recipe Card Example, Hannah Majewski

UNH Cooperative Extension

M.C. 4-H - Food Show Recipe Card Example

M.C. 4-H - Food Show Recipe Card Scoresheet, Hannah Majewski

UNH Cooperative Extension

M.C. 4-H - Food Show Recipe Card Scoresheet

M.C. 4-H - County 4-H Presents Food Show Guide, Hannah Majewski

UNH Cooperative Extension

M.C. 4-H - County 4-H Presents Food Show Guide

2022 Deerfield Fair Animal Premium Book, Extension

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Severe Inflammatory Colitis Related To Encorafenib And Binimetinib Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Aaron G Issac, David Szafron, Dongguang Wei, Jennifer L Mcquade, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Encorafenib, a BRAF kinase inhibitor, in combination with binimetinib, a selective MEK inhibitor have known gastrointestinal adverse events; however, adverse colitis events have not been well studied. We report a case series of 4 patients with melanoma who developed inflammatory colitis after BRAF and MEK inhibition with encorafenib and binimetinib, respectively. In the setting of immune checkpoint inhibitor use, BRAF and MEK inhibitors can cause significant inflammatory colitis with endoscopic patterns of predominant right colon ulcerations. It can lead to significant morbidity and frequent interruption of cancer treatment. Early recognition and prompt intervention are critical to improving patient outcomes.

Physical Activity And Diet Quality In Relation To Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study In A Representative Sample Of Us Adults Using Nhanes 2017–2018, Natalia I Heredia, Xiaotao Zhang, Maya Balakrishnan, Carrie R Daniel, Jessica P Hwang, Lorna H Mcneill, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The association of physical activity (PA) and diet quality with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related fibrosis have never been examined in a representative sample of U.S. adults using a more precise form of measuring NAFLD. The purpose of this study was to assess the associations of PA and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI]-2015) with NAFLD and a subset with advanced fibrosis (F3-4) as assessed by vibration-controlled transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter in a representative sample of U.S. adults. This cross-sectional analysis uses data from 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. NAFLD was defined as controlled …

Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients With Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Kavea Panneerselvam, David Szafron, Rajan N Amin, Dongguang Wei, Dongfeng Tan, Mehmet Altan, Pablo C Okhuysen, Malek Shatila, Gottumukkala Subba Raju, Anusha S Thomas, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), used for the treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies, come with the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Opportunistic infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus [CMV]) mimic irAE symptoms and are understudied in this population. We aimed to describe the incidence, characteristics, treatment and outcomes of CMV infection in ICI-treated patients.

METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of all adult patients who were CMV-positive after ICI therapy between 06/2011 and 05/2020. A CMV-positive non-ICI cohort was matched to the ICI group based on age, sex and cancer type. Variables of interest were collected through electronic medical records. …

Hypermethylation Of Pi3k-Akt Signalling Pathway Genes Is Associated With Human Neural Tube Defects, Tian Tian, Xinyuan Lai, Kuanhui Xiang, Xiao Han, Shengju Yin, Robert M Cabrera, John W Steele, Yunping Lei, Xuanye Cao, Richard H Finnell, Linlin Wang, Aiguo Ren

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of common and severe congenital malformations. The PI3K-AKT signalling pathway plays a crucial role in the neural tube development. There is limited evidence concerning any possible association between aberrant methylation in PI3K-AKT signalling pathway genes and NTDs. Therefore, we aimed to investigate potential associations between aberrant methylation of PI3K-AKT pathway genes and NTDs. Methylation studies of PI3K-AKT pathway genes utilizing microarray genome-methylation data derived from neural tissues of ten NTD cases and eight non-malformed controls were performed. Targeted DNA methylation analysis was subsequently performed in an independent cohort of 73 NTD cases and …

Decidualization Of Human Endometrial Stromal Cells Requires Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3, Vineet K Maurya, Maria M Szwarc, David M Lonard, William E Gibbons, San-Pin Wu, Bert W O'Malley, Francesco J Demayo, John P Lydon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3; also known as NCOA3 or AIB1) is a member of the multifunctional p160/SRC family of coactivators, which also includes SRC-1 and SRC-2. Clinical and cell-based studies as well as investigations on mice have demonstrated pivotal roles for each SRC in numerous physiological and pathophysiological contexts, underscoring their functional pleiotropy. We previously demonstrated the critical involvement of SRC-2 in murine embryo implantation as well as in human endometrial stromal cell (HESC) decidualization, a cellular transformation process required for trophoblast invasion and ultimately placentation. We show here that, like SRC-2, SRC-3 is expressed in the epithelial and stromal …

A Qualitative Study Of Emergency Department Delirium Prevention Initiatives, Anita Chary, Shan W Liu, Ilianna Santangelo, Kyler M Godwin, Christopher R Carpenter, Aanand D Naik, Maura Kennedy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Delirium is a serious but preventable syndrome of acute brain failure. It affects 15% of patients presenting to emergency care and up to half of hospitalized patients. The emergency department (ED) often represents the entry point for hospital care for older adults and as such is an important site for delirium prevention.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize delirium prevention initiatives in EDs in the United States and Canada.

METHODS: We conducted qualitative interviews with 16 ED administrators representing 14 EDs with delirium prevention initiatives. We used a combined deductive-inductive approach to code responses about involved staff, target patient population, …

Racial/Ethnic Variations In Alcohol And Cigarette Use By Pregnancy Status Among 20- To 44-Year-Old Women, Nhanes 2001–2018, Jacqueline M Hirth, Catherine Valadez, Sandra Gonzalez, Alicia Kowalchuk, Judith A Gutierrez, Roger Zoorob

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: This study examines alcohol consumption and smoking behaviors by pregnancy status and race/ethnicity in order to inform improved interventions designed to assist women of all races to avoid alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy for their health and to prevent potential fetal exposure.

METHODS: This retrospective secondary data analysis utilized nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2001 and 2018. Smoking and alcohol use were evaluated by race/ethnicity and pregnancy risk. Sexual behavior, reproductive health, and prescription drug use determined pregnancy risk, categorized as low pregnancy risk, at risk of becoming pregnant, and pregnant. Binary and …

Socioeconomic, Clinical, And Molecular Features Of Breast Cancer Influence Overall Survival Of Latin American Women, Liz Maria De Almeida, Sandra Cortés, Marta Vilensky, Olivia Valenzuela, Laura Cortes-Sanabria, Mirian De Souza, Rafael Alonso Barbeito, Eliana Abdelhay, Nora Artagaveytia, Adrian Daneri-Navarro, Andrea S Llera, Bettina Müller, Osvaldo L Podhajcer, Carlos Velazquez, Elsa Alcoba, Isabel Alonso, Alicia I Bravo, Natalia Camejo, Dirce Maria Carraro, Mónica Castro, Sandra Cataldi, Alfonso Cayota, Mauricio Cerda, Alicia Colombo, Susanne Crocamo, Alicia Del Toro-Arreola, Raul Delgadillo-Cristerna, Lucia Delgado, Marisa Dreyer Breitenbach, Elmer Fernández, Jorge Fernández, Wanda Fernández, Ramon A Franco-Topete, Fancy Gaete, Jorge Gómez, Leivy P Gonzalez-Ramirez, Marisol Guerrero, Susan A Gutierrez-Rubio, Beatriz Jalfin, Alejandra Lopez-Vazquez, Dora Loria, Silvia Míguez, Andres De J Moran-Mendoza, Gilberto Morgan-Villela, Carina Mussetti, Maria Aparecida Nagai, Antonio Oceguera-Villanueva, Rui M Reis, Javier Retamales, Robinson Rodriguez, Cristina Rosales, Efrain Salas-Gonzalez, Laura Segovia, Juan M Sendoya, Aida A Silva-Garcia, Stella Viña, Livia Zagame, Beth Jones, Moysés Szklo, United States-Latin American Cancer Research Network (Us-Lacrn)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Molecular profile of breast cancer in Latin-American women was studied in five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. Data about socioeconomic characteristics, risk factors, prognostic factors, and molecular subtypes were described, and the 60-month overall cumulative survival probabilities (OS) were estimated. From 2011 to 2013, 1,300 eligible Latin-American women 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of breast cancer in clinical stage II or III, and performance status ≦̸1 were invited to participate in a prospective cohort study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and clinical and outcome data, including death, were extracted from medical records. Unadjusted associations were evaluated by …

Sensory Descriptors For Three Edible Chilean Seaweeds And Their Relations To Umami Components And Instrumental Texture, Valentina Figueroa, Andrea Bunger, Jaime Ortiz, José Miguel Aguilera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although seaweeds exhibit many benefits as a food source, few studies have characterized their sensory attributes. An expert nine-member panel developed a vocabulary with 25 descriptors to describe the appearance, aroma, flavor, texture, and aftertaste of raw and cooked seaweeds consumed in Chile: Durvillaea antarctica, Pyropia spp., and Ulva lactuca. Subsequently, the vocabulary was used in a ranking descriptive analysis (RDA) to evaluate the sensory properties and relate them with physicochemical and physical data. Sensory attributes of the three seaweeds were very different from each other but similar between treatments (raw and cooked). Pyropia spp., both cooked and …

Western Herbalism: What Drives Individuals Within Rhode Island To Study This Ancient Healing Modality?, Kyla Shea

Student Publications

People globally rely on herbal practices as their main form of healing, yet few people in the West understand how to properly identify and effectively use herbs. This loss of knowledge regarding traditional healing practices was done so intentionally during enslavement and colonization, resulting in exploitation and misinterpretation of herbal practices. By reclaiming this knowledge, it is not only a way to improve the health of communities and the land, but it is also a way of reclaiming ancestral traditions and connection with oneself. Furthermore, this research paper explores the complexities of Western herbalism and determines what drives individuals within …

A Faith For Today: Saving The Planet, Oystein S. Labianca

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Obesity And Asthma: A Focused Review, Rubabin Tooba, Tianshi David Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

About 4-H & Unh 4-H Camp: Mission, Vision And 4-H Pledge, Andy Schafermeyer

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.