Digital Commons Network^™

Genetic Analysis Of Seed Traits In Sorghum Bicolor That Affect The Human Gut Microbiome, Quinnan Yang, Mallory J. Suhr Van Haute, Nate Korth, Scott E. Sattler, John Toy, James C. Schnable, Andrew K. Benson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Prebiotic fibers, polyphenols and other molecular components of food crops significantly affect the composition and function of the human gut microbiome and human health. The abundance of these, frequently uncharacterized, microbiome-active components vary within individual crop species. Here, we employ high throughput in vitro fermentations of pre-digested grain using a human microbiome to identify segregating genetic loci in a food crop, sorghum, that alter the composition and function of human gut microbes. Evaluating grain produced by 294 sorghum recombinant inbreds identifies 10 loci in the sorghum genome associated with variation in the abundance of microbial taxa and/or microbial metabolites. Two …

Middle Eastern And North African Immigrant Parents Caring For Obese Children: A Phenomenlogical Inquiry, Sadeg Aldolaim

Dissertations

Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century in the United States and worldwide. Several studies show that children with migrant backgrounds are more likely to be at risk of becoming obese. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of physical diseases and cognitive academic deficits in children and adolescents. The Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) population is one of the fastest-growing immigrant population groups in the United States. However, there are no studies exploring parental involvement in childhood obesity prevention programs among the MENA immigrant population.

The purpose of this qualitative …

Does Crime Trigger Genetic Risk For Type 2 Diabetes In Young Adults? A G X E Interaction Study Using National Data, Fangqi Guo, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Jason D. Boardman, Jennifer W. Robinette

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Living in neighborhoods perceived as disordered exacerbates genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults. It is unknown whether this gene-neighborhood interaction extends to younger adults. The present study aims to investigate whether crime, an objectively measured indicator of neighborhood disorder, triggers genetic risk for T2D among younger adults, and whether this hypothesized triggering occurs through exposure to obesity.

Methods

Data were from the Wave I (2008) National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. A standardized T2D polygenic score was created using 2014 GWAS meta-analysis results. Weighted mediation analyses using generalized structural equation models were conducted …

Association Of Hypomagnesemia And Liver Injury, Role Of Gut-Barrier Dysfunction And Inflammation: Efficacy Of Abstinence, And 2-Week Medical Management In Alcohol Use Disorder Patients., Evan J. Winrich, Khushboo S. Gala, Abhas Rajhans, Christian D. Rios-Perez, Amor J. Royer, Zarlakhta Zamani, Ranganathan Parthasarathy, Luis S. Marsano-Obando, Ashutosh J. Barve, Melanie L. Schwandt, Vatsalya Vatsalya

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

(1) We investigated the involvement of serum magnesium level in early alcoholic liver disease (ALD), gut barrier dysfunction, and inflammation in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients; and lastly, the efficacy of 2-week abstinence and medical management to alleviate hypomagnesemia. (2) Forty-eight heavy drinking AUD patients (34 males (M)/14 females (F)) participated in this study. Patients were grouped by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (a marker of liver injury) as group 1 (Group 1 (Gr.1); ALT ≤ 40 U/L, 7M/8F, without any indication of early-stage ALD) and group 2 (Group 2 (Gr.2); ALT > 40 U/L, 27M/6F or early-stage ALD). These patients …

Effect Of Al2o3 On Nanostructure And Ion Transport Properties Of Pva/Peg/Ssa Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, Hamdy F M Mohamed, Esam E Abdel-Hady, Mostafa M Y Abdel-Moneim, Mohamed A M Bakr, Mohamed A M Soliman, Mahmoud G H Shehata, Mahmoud A T Ismail

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells have the potential to reduce our energy consumption, pollutant emissions, and dependence on fossil fuels. To achieve a wide range of commercial PEMs, many efforts have been made to create novel polymer-based materials that can transport protons under anhydrous conditions. In this study, cross-linked poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA)/poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) membranes with varying alumina (Al2O3) content were synthesized using the solvent solution method. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), water uptake, ion exchange capacity (IEC), and proton conductivity were then used to characterize the membranes. XRD results showed that the concentration of Al2O3 affected the degree of …

Anthropogenic Contaminants In Glacial Environments Ii: Release And Downstream Consequences, Dylan B. Beard, Caroline C. Clason, Sally Rangecroft, Ewa Poniecka, Kim J. Ward, Will H. Blake

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Anthropogenic contamination has been detected in glacial and proglacial environments around the globe. Through mechanisms of secondary release, these contaminants are finding their way into glacial hydrological systems and downstream environments, with potential to impact hundreds of millions of people who rely on glacial meltwater for water, food and energy security worldwide. The first part of our progress report outlined the sources and accumulation mechanisms of contaminants in glacial environments (Part I: Inputs and accumulation). Here we assess processes of contaminant release, pathways to downstream environments, and socio-environmental consequences. We reflect on the potential impacts these contaminants could have for …

Budget Recommendations Fy2023-24, Tennessee. Commission On Children And Youth.

Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Clinical And Laboratory Evaluation Of Cholestatic Jaundice In A Sample Of Iraqi Infants, Yasir Nihad Noori, Ehab Ibrahim Rady

Muthanna Medical Journal

Cholestatic jaundice most probably occurs due to a pathological condition moreover difficult diagnostic problem. The aim of the study: to determine the etiology of cholestatic jaundice in infancy and to evaluate if clinical events and different investigations could assist in the differential diagnosis of intra and extra-hepatic cholestasis. In this hospital-based study analysis of 35 cases diagnosed with cholestatic jaundice aged 3 weeks up to 12 months from two centers carried out from January 2018 to July 2018. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, histopathological results were recorded. Results: Regarding the 35 patients were (54.3% males, 45.7% females), the mean age at presentation …

Forecasting Postoperative Delirium In Older Adult Patients With Fast-And-Frugal Decision Trees, Maria Heinrich, Jan K. Woike, Claudia D. Spies, Odette Wegwarth

School of Psychology

Postoperative delirium (POD) is associated with increased complication and mortality rates, particularly among older adult patients. However, guideline recommendations for POD detection and management are poorly implemented. Fast-and-frugal trees (FFTrees), which are simple prediction algorithms, may be useful in this context. We compared the capacity of simple FFTrees with two more complex models—namely, unconstrained classification trees (UDTs) and logistic regression (LogReg)—for the prediction of POD among older surgical patients in the perioperative setting. Models were trained and tested on the European BioCog project clinical dataset. Based on the entire dataset, two different FFTrees were developed for the pre-operative and postoperative …

Study Protocol For An Adapted Personal Project Analysis To Measure Vertical Inter-Goal Relations On Physical Activity And Diet, Sara Kassas, Catherine Culot, Geert Crombez, Annique Smeding, Christophe Leys, Debbe Thompson, Ann Desmet

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: The promotion of multiple healthy lifestyles has been implemented as part of public health efforts to prevent and reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. However, these interventions have shown a heterogeneity in their effectiveness. The pursuit of multiple daily goals may influence overall progress in achieving health goals. Horizontal inter-goal relations can be conflicting (due to time constraints) or facilitating (due to goal compatibility) and impact progress towards goal achievement. Personal values also play an important role in health promotion. Personal values direct attention towards accomplishing a higher-level goal through goal setting. Identifying the conflicting or facilitating relationships between …

Positive Patient Postoperative Outcomes With Pharmacotherapy: A Narrative Review Including Perioperative-Specialty Pharmacist Interviews., Richard H Parrish, Heather Monk Bodenstab, Dustin Carneal, Ryan M Cassity, William E Dager, Sara J Hyland, Jenna K Lovely, Alyssa Pollock, Tracy M Sparkes, Siu-Fun Wong

Pharmacy Articles

The influence of pharmacotherapy regimens on surgical patient outcomes is increasingly appreciated in the era of enhanced recovery protocols and institutional focus on reducing postoperative complications. Specifics related to medication selection, dosing, frequency of administration, and duration of therapy are evolving to optimize pharmacotherapeutic regimens for many enhanced recovery protocolized elements. This review provides a summary of recent pharmacotherapeutic strategies, including those configured within electronic health record (EHR) applications and functionalities, that are associated with the minimization of the frequency and severity of postoperative complications (POCs), shortened hospital length of stay (LOS), reduced readmission rates, and cost or revenue impacts. …

International Experience And Enlightenment Of Operation Management Of Whole Grain Food Labeling: Evidence From Whole Grain Stamp, Huang Ze-Ying, Huang Bei-Xun

Food and Machinery

This study summarized the whole grain stamp operation management experience of Oldways whole grains council. It was found that there were 100%, 50%+, basic types of the whole grain stamps. There was a strict requirement of labeling application and its review process and clear label use regulations. The use value of labeling was publicized by online and offline media and cooperation with governments. Therefore, the standard management of the whole grain food labeling format, supervision of enterprises' use of labeling, publicity and education of the whole grain food labeling should be paid attention.

Volume Cxlii, Number 1, September 23, 2022, Lawrence University

The Lawrentian

No abstract provided.

September 23, 2022 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Reducing Modifiable Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease, David Asebiode, Francis Lauzier, Jonathan Lutchka, Megan Rasaiah, Min Yi Wu, Sanjana Rao

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Improving Dietary Habits Among Undergraduate Students To Combat Anxiety/Depression, Aditi Kappagantu, Adrienne-Denise Bilbao, Alexander Buendia, Anuj Kavi, Lana Zalt, Mark Gregory, Rachel Puentes

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention In Patients With Hypertension And Diabetes., Ruchi Mangal, Lara Zraik, Nicolas Baroni, Sara Ma, Tulsi Sadasivan, Wouter Ritsema

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

End-Use Quality Of Historical And Modern Winter Wheats Adapted To The Great Plains Of The United States, Sujun Liu, Lan Xu, Yifan Wu, Senay Simsek, Devin J. Rose

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Improving milling and baking properties is important during wheat breeding. To determine changes in milling and baking quality of hard winter wheat, 23 adapted cultivars released in the Great Plains between 1870 and 2013 were grown in triplicate in a single location (Mead, NE, USA) over two crop years (2018 and 2019). Grain yield and kernel hardness index increased by release year (p < 0.05). The observed increase in hardness index was accompanied by a decrease in percent soft kernels (p < 0.05). Diameter and weight decreased with release year in 2019 (p < 0.05), and their standard deviation increased with the release year (p < 0.05). Flour protein content decreased with release year (p < 0.05) and dough mixing quality increased (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was found for baking property variables, but bran water retention capacity (BWRC), which is correlated with whole wheat bread quality, increased with release year (p < 0.05). In conclusion, wheat kernels have become harder but more variable in shape over a century of breeding. Mixing quality showed significant improvements, and loaf volume and firmness remained constant, even in the presence of a decrease in protein concentration. Bran quality decreased across release year, which may have implications for whole grain baking quality and milling productivity.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Addressing Common Causes Of Hypertension In The Detroit Adult Population, Kassandra Solrud, Crisshy Auguste, Kayvon Sanjasaz, Matthew Zabat, Rana Khamis, Soham Desai, Zeynoire Anderson

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Preventing Or Managing Childhood Obesity Through Healthy Eating For Parents And Children, Kelsey Trulik, Brandon Hudson, Erin Markley, Nicole Ashley Hao, Nikhil Sundaram, Rommy Alaiwat

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Heart Disease: Ways Of Combating The Silent Killer, Amer Tamr, Alexander Wind, Alexandra Breves, Brandon Holland, Coltrane Groves, Mina Juma, Sydney Colbert

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Food Choices Made Easy: Eating Well With Ckd, Arqam Husain, Amir Kalantar, Ismail Aijazuddin, Nada Jaradat, Raisa Zahir, Rubab Imtiaz, Tristan Papcun

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Helping Patients Access Low-Cost Diabetes Supplies And Medications, Iyanna Peppers, Laial Baltaji, Lucas Edgren, Lyndsay Archer, Molly Wilson

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Hiv Drug Adherence In Adolescents (Ages 15-17) In Detroit, Alix Charles, Alem Cizmic, Elise Turke, Hope Baldwin, Justin Lee, Katherine (Katya) Parker, Rabe Al-Silwadi

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Childhood Obesity, Rebecca Schultz, Connor Dasbach, Genevieve Joseph-Mofford, Mohamad Saleh, Natalie Amodei, Thomas Tracy, Yusuf Yasarlar

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Raising Awareness About Perinatal Hiv Transmission Risks And Preventions, Muhammad Ahmed, Emma Streveler, John Lloyd, Joseph Cavataio, Mackenzie Howard, Riya Shah, Rooshan Arshad

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: Week In The Life Of Heart Health, Rebecca Schultz, Bria Elrod, Jacfar Hassan, Julia Chase, Keinnan Hares, Sadaf Hashemian

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2022: The Management Of Diabetes And Chronic Kidney Disease (Ckd) In Adults Aged 65+, Varag Abed, Bhargav Ayloo, Jessica Declercq, Mohamad Bazzi, Nicholas Righi, Rebecca Bilich, Sydney Jansen

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Skeletal Muscle Loss During Conversion Therapy On Clinical Outcomes In Lavage Cytology Positive Patients With Gastric Cancer, Ping'an Ding, Peigang Yang, Li Yang, Chenyu Sun, Shuya Chen, Min Li, Scott Lowe, Honghai Guo, Yuan Tian, Yang Liu, Qun Zhao

Student Publications

Background: The relationship between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes during conversion therapy in patients with lavage cytology positive gastric cancer (GC-CY1) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of sarcopenia and skeletal muscle loss on the efficacy of conversion therapy, tumour response and survival in GC-CY1 patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from a prospective trial of conversion therapy conducted between April 2018 and August 2019 in patients with GC-CY1 (NCT03718624). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured at the level of the third lumbar (L3) vertebra and the sarcopenia was defined using published cut-off points in all …

Out Of The Octagon And Into The Courtroom: The Ufc’S Antitrust Lawsuit, John Milas

DePaul Journal of Sports Law

No abstract provided.