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السيادة الغذائية: نحو نظام غذائي عالمي جديد, أ.د.عباس غالي الحديثي

Midad AL-Adab Refereed Quarterly Journal

انشغل الانسان منذ وجوده على سطح الأرض بكيفية توفير غذاءه الكافي والمناسب. وبلغ هذه الانشغال بالغذاء ذروته بعد تركز الثورة الصناعية والهجرة من الريف الى المدينة وتقلص المساحات الزراعية وعدد العاملين في الزراعة وانقسام العالم الى دول صناعية وأخرى غير صناعية. وهنا ظهرت نظريات تربط السكان بالغذاء كان أهمها النظرية المالثوسية التي أكدت ان السكان يزدادون بمعدل أكبر من زيادة الغذاء مما يقود الى ظهور المجاعات، أي انها اعتمدت على الجانب الكمي في علاقة السكان بالغذاء. قاد هذا التطور التاريخي الى ظهور مفهوم الامن الغذائي الذي عرف بأنه إمكانية الحصول على الغذاء من قبل كل الناس، وفي كل الأوقات، وهذا …

November 15, 2022, Csusb

Coyote Chronicle (1984-)

No abstract provided.

Combining Isotopic And Genetic Analyses To Quantify Microbial Facilitation Of Recalcitrant Resource Use By Terrestrial And Aquatic Consumers, Alexi Christina Besser

Biology ETDs

Quantifying the flow of energy and nutrients through food webs is foundational to understanding the structure and function of ecosystems. Here, I utilize the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of individual amino acids to trace the movement of essential amino acids through terrestrial and freshwater food webs in New Mexico, USA. I first explore isotopic patterns among co-occurring terrestrial plants and aquatic algae. I then combine this molecular isotopic approach with 16S and 18S rRNA sequencing to demonstrate the importance of gut microbiota as sources of essential amino acids to wild mammalian hosts. Next, I explore the roles of …

Keeping An Eye On Circadian Time In Clinical Research And Medicine, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Allison Brager, Mary A. Carskadon, Christopher M. Depner, Russell Foster, Namni Goel, Mary Harrington, Et Al

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Daily rhythms are observed in humans and almost all other organisms. Most of these observed rhythms reflect both underlying endogenous circadian rhythms and evoked responses from behaviours such as sleep/wake, eating/fasting, rest/activity, posture changes and exercise. For many research and clinical purposes, it is important to understand the contribution of the endogenous circadian component to these observed rhythms. Content: The goal of this manuscript is to provide guidance on best practices in measuring metrics of endogenous circadian rhythms in humans and promote the inclusion of circadian rhythms assessments in studies of health and disease. Circadian rhythms affect all aspects …

The Effects Of Whole-Body Hot Water Immersion After Exercise Induced Muscle Damage On Exercise Performance And Inflammatory Markers, Rogelio A. Realzola

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

This study examined the effects of hot water immersion (HWI) on exercise performance and inflammatory markers after a resistance exercise-induced muscle damage protocol. Strength trained males (n = 5) and females (n = 5) completed two experimental trials separated by at least 2 weeks in a randomized crossover design; one trial involved HWI, the other temperate water immersion (TWI). For each trial, subjects performed a muscle damaging protocol followed by HWI or TWI for up to 50 minutes. The protocol consisted of 10 sets of 8 repetitions at 70% of 1-repetition maximum with 4s eccentric, 1s concentric lifting …

Rural School District Leadership And Governance: Eating Your Veggies To Stay On The Balcony, Elizabeth Wargo, Ryan Cantrell, William P. Mccaw, Ivan Lorentzen

The Rural Educator

School board trustees and superintendents must navigate overlapping roles and intersectional identities when engaging in rural school district governance work. If these individuals are not clear about the scope of their role and do not have a common understanding about the importance of high expectations for all, lack of coherent governance can negatively impact their district. Recently, one school district in rural Idaho has experienced phenomenal success. The district is in a very different place than it was just a little over five years ago. In this article insights are shared about the governance practices of trustees and the …

In Vitro Liquid Culture Of The Mollusc-Parasitic Nematode Phasmarhabditis (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae), A. Pieterse, S. Haukeland, V. Půža, J. L. Ross, A. P. Malan

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The success of the mollusc-parasitic nematode, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Schneider) Andrássy (Rhabditida: Rhabditidae), as a biological control agent in Europe has led to worldwide interest in phasmarhabditids as biocontrol agents. In this study, the mass culture potential of three phasmarhabditids, namely Phasmarhabditis papillosa, Phasmarhabditis kenyaensis and Phasmarhabditis bohemica, was assessed. In addition, ten bacterial candidates, consisting of seven associated with slugs and three associated with entomopathogenic nematodes, were investigated. The bacteria were tested for their ability to cause mortality to Deroceras invadens, as well as to support nematode growth. Initial mortality studies demonstrated that Kluyvera, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. (AP3) caused …

The Role Of Metformin In Treatment Of Weight Gain Associated With Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment In Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Zeeshan Mansuri, Ramkrishna Makani, Chintan Trivedi, Mahwish Adnan, Ramu Vadukapuram, John Rafael, Ashutosh Lodhi, Abhishek Reddy

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction: Second-generation antipsychotics are associated with significant weight gain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of metformin for the treatment of weight gain in children and young adults treated with second-generation antipsychotics.

Methods: We followed PRISMA guidelines to evaluated studies published before March 2020 in Medline, Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library database, annual scientific sessions of the American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Child and Adolescent, Psychiatry, and American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology. Studies included compared metformin with the placebo for management of weight gain in children and adolescents taking atypical …

The Conquest Of Milk: The Rise Of Lactase Persistence And The Fall Of Scandinavian Hunter-Gatherers, Nicholas Mays

James Madison Undergraduate Research Journal (JMURJ)

Over half of the global human population suffers from lactase nonpersistence, a condition marked by losing the ability to digest lactose after infancy. However, a minority of the global population, primarily located in Central and Northern Europe, has a genetic mutation that results in lactase persistence, which is the continued ability to process lactose after infancy. This interdisciplinary analysis blends archaeology, cultural anthropology, evolutionary biology, and archaeogenetics to explore the origin and rise of lactase persistence in Europe and its contribution to the end of hunter-gatherer societies in Scandinavia. Furthermore, the paper uses gene-culture coevolutionary theory to argue that lactase …

Bridging The Divide: Connecting Urban And Rural Care Through The Right! From The Start Initiative, Tess Lefmann, Sannie Snell, Mobolaji E. Famuyide, Sushmitha Inguva, John J. Green

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Disparities in health and barriers to healthcare are prominent in rural areas, particularly in the Delta region of Mississippi where high rates of premature births, infant mortality, low weight births, and maternal mortality exacerbate the dearth of access to care. Extending the reach of healthcare providers and services between urban and rural areas is of utmost importance in improving the landscape of maternal and child health. Community health workers (CHWs), trusted individuals in the community, play a valuable role in this through social support. This research note delineates the importance of community health workers as connectors in establishing a trusted …

The Utah Statesman, November 14, 2022, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Student Athlete Wellness Portal: Translating Student Athletes’ Prescription Opioid Use Narratives Into A Targeted Public Health Intervention, Anne E. Pezalla, Hyejeong Choi, Francis Mckee, Michelle Miller-Day, Michael L. Hecht

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Background and Objectives: The opioid epidemic has permeated all strata of society over the last two decades, especially within the adolescent student athletic environment, a group particularly at risk and presenting their own challenges for science and practice. This paper (a) describes the development of a web-based intervention called the Student Athlete Wellness Portal that models effective opioid misuse resistance strategies and (b) details the findings of a single-group design to test its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: Formative research included 35 student athletes residing in the United States, ages 14 to 21, who had been injured in their …

Evaluating Microneedle Impedance For Monitoring Water Potential In Vitis Vinifera And Helianthus Annuus, Erica Grace Pauer

Biology ETDs

Measurements of plant water potential provide fundamental insights into how plants are interacting with the environment to manage water needs. However, monitoring water potential is difficult, time consuming, and frequently destructive. Several methods have been in development that attempt to monitor the water status of plant tissues in a simple, continuous, and non-destructive manner. One of these methods, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is emerging as a particularly promising tool that has several applications in plant biology. I used a new microneedle system that applies small electrodes to a range of tissues. By utilizing this tool in conjunction with a standard …

Understanding The Economic And Health Benefits Of Agroecology With Leopoldo Rodriguez, Leopoldo Rodriguez

PDXPLORES Podcast

In this episode of PDXPLORES, International and Global Studies professor Leopoldo Rodriguez discusses the sustainable farming practice known as agroecology. Rodriguez is leading a study examining the impact of agroecological practices on environmental, social, and economic sustainability and health outcomes near Buenos Aires, Argentina. To complete this work, Rodriguez has partnered with small-scale farmers, some of whom have adopted agroecology and some who farm using conventional methods.

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The Genome Of Orychophragmus Violaceus Provides Genomic Insights Into The Evolution Of Brassicaceaepolyploidizationandits Distinct Traits, Kang Zhang, Yinqing Yang, Xin Zhang, Lingkui Zhang, Yu Fu, Zhongwei Guo, Shumin Chen, Jian Wu, James C. Schnable, Keke Yi, Xiaowu Wang, Feng Cheng

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Orychophragmus violaceus, referred to as ‘‘eryuelan’’ (February orchid) in China, is an early-flowering ornamental plant. The high oil content and abundance of unsaturated fatty acids in O. violaceus seeds make it a potential high-quality oilseed crop. Here, we generated a whole-genome assembly for O. violaceus using Nanopore and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The assembled genome of O. violaceus was ~1.3 Gb in size, with 12 pairs of chromosomes. Through investigation of ancestral genome evolution, we determined that the genome of O. violaceus experienced a tetraploidization event from a diploid progenitor with the translocated proto-Calepineae karyotype. Comparisons between the reconstructed subgenomes …

Piglet Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induces Intestinal Dysbiosis And Barrier Dysfunction Associated With Systemic Inflammation, Jeffrey D. Salomon, Haowen Qiu, Dan Feng, Jacob Owens, Ludmila Khailova, Suzanne Osorio Lujan, John Iguidbashian, Yashpal S. Chhonker, Daryl J. Murry, Jean-Jack Riethoven, Merry L. Lindsey, Amar B. Singh, Jesse A. Davidson

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The intestinal microbiome is essential to human health and homeostasis, and is implicated in the pathophysiology of disease, including congenital heart disease and cardiac surgery. Improving the microbiome and reducing inflammatory metabolites may reduce systemic inflammation following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to expedite recovery postoperatively. Limited research exists in this area and identifying animal models that can replicate changes in the human intestinal microbiome after CPB is necessary. We used a piglet model of CPB with two groups, CPB (n=5) and a control group with mechanical ventilation (n=7), to evaluate changes to the microbiome, …

Increased Circulating Cortisol After Vaginal Birth Is Associated With Increased Fgf19 Secretion In Neonatal Pigs, Caitlin Vonderohe, Gregory Guthrie, Barbara Stoll, Valeria Melendez Hebib, Harry Dawson, Douglas Burrin

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The influence of birth modality (scheduled cesarean or spontaneous vaginal) on the development of the newborn has been a source of controversy in neonatology. The impact of cesarean vs vaginal birth on the development of bile acid and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) signaling is unknown. Our aim was to determine the effect of birth modality and gestational age (preterm vs term) on plasma hormone levels, bile acid pool distribution, expression of genes in the bile acid-FXR-FGF19 pathway, and plasma levels of FGF19 at birth and on day 3 of life in neonatal pigs. Four sows underwent cesarean delivery on …

Effectiveness Of Skill‑Building Interventions For Informal Caregivers Of Adults With Cancer: A Systematic Review, M. Courtney Hughes, Sadia Afrin, Tamara Hamlish

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Over 19 million people worldwide were diagnosed with cancer in 2020. Informal caregivers of adults with cancer play an important role in helping their loved ones with cancer yet often receive little support in developing the necessary skills for caregiving. A systematic review of skill-building interventions for informal caregivers of adults with cancer was conducted across three electronic databases for academic articles published through February 2022. PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed throughout this review, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess study quality, and results were summarized in a narrative synthesis. The main components of skill-building interventions examined …

Copy Number Variants Are Ovarian Cancer Risk Alleles At Known And Novel Risk Loci, Amber A Devries, Joe Dennis, Jonathan P Tyrer, Pei-Chen Peng, Simon G Coetzee, Alberto L Reyes, Jasmine T Plummer, Brian D Davis, Stephanie S Chen, Felipe Segato Dezem, Katja K H Aben, Hoda Anton-Culver, Natalia N Antonenkova, Matthias W Beckmann, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, Andrew Berchuck, Natalia V Bogdanova, Nadja Bogdanova-Markov, James D Brenton, Ralf Butzow, Ian Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Linda S Cook, Anna Defazio, Jennifer A Doherty, Thilo Dörk, Diana M Eccles, A Heather Eliassen, Peter A Fasching, Renée T Fortner, Graham G Giles, Ellen L Goode, Marc T Goodman, Jacek Gronwald, Opal Study Group, Aocs Group, Niclas Håkansson, Michelle A T Hildebrandt, Chad Huff, David G Huntsman, Allan Jensen, Siddhartha Kar, Beth Y Karlan, Elza K Khusnutdinova, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Susanne K Kjaer, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Marilyne Labrie, Diether Lambrechts, Nhu D Le, Jan Lubiński, Taymaa May, Usha Menon, Roger L Milne, Francesmary Modugno, Alvaro N Monteiro, Kirsten B Moysich, Kunle Odunsi, Håkan Olsson, Celeste L Pearce, Tanja Pejovic, Susan J Ramus, Elio Riboli, Marjorie J Riggan, Isabelle Romieu, Dale P Sandler, Joellen M Schildkraut, V Wendy Setiawan, Weiva Sieh, Honglin Song, Rebecca Sutphen, Kathryn L Terry, Pamela J Thompson, Linda Titus, Shelley S Tworoger, Els Van Nieuwenhuysen, Digna Velez Edwards, Penelope M Webb, Nicolas Wentzensen, Alice S Whittemore, Alicja Wolk, Anna H Wu, Argyrios Ziogas, Matthew L Freedman, Kate Lawrenson, Paul D P Pharoah, Douglas F Easton, Simon A Gayther, Michelle R Jones

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Known risk alleles for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) account for approximately 40% of the heritability for EOC. Copy number variants (CNVs) have not been investigated as EOC risk alleles in a large population cohort.

METHODS: Single nucleotide polymorphism array data from 13 071 EOC cases and 17 306 controls of White European ancestry were used to identify CNVs associated with EOC risk using a rare admixture maximum likelihood test for gene burden and a by-probe ratio test. We performed enrichment analysis of CNVs at known EOC risk loci and functional biofeatures in ovarian cancer-related cell types.

RESULTS: We identified …

Extracellular Dnases Facilitate Antagonism And Coexistence In Bacterial Competitor-Sensing Interference Competition, Aoi Ogawa, Christophe Golé, Maria Bermudez, Odrine Habarugira, Gabrielle Joslin, Taylor Mccain, Autumn Mineo, Jennifer Wise, Julie Xiong, Katherine Yan, Jan A.C. Vriezen

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Over the last 4 decades, the rate of discovery of novel antibiotics has decreased drastically, ending the era of fortuitous antibiotic discovery. A better understanding of the biology of bacteriogenic toxins potentially helps to prospect for new antibiotics. To initiate this line of research, we quantified antagonists from two different sites at two different depths of soil and found the relative number of antagonists to correlate with the bacterial load and carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio of the soil. Consecutive studies show the importance of antagonist interactions between soil isolates and the lack of a predicted role for nutrient availability and, therefore, …

Applications Of Covalent Chemistry In Targeted Protein Degradation, Dong Lu, Xin Yu, Hanfeng Lin, Ran Cheng, Erika Y Monroy, Xiaoli Qi, Meng C Wang, Jin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and targeted covalent inhibitors (TCIs) are currently two exciting strategies in the fields of chemical biology and drug discovery. Extensive research in these two fields has been conducted, and significant progress in these fields has resulted in many clinical candidates, some of which have been approved by FDA. Recently, a novel concept termed covalent PROTACs that combine these two strategies has emerged and gained an increasing interest in the past several years. Herein, we briefly review and highlight the mechanism and advantages of TCIs and PROTACs, respectively, and the recent development of covalent PROTACs using irreversible and …

Academic Dishonesty Among Health Science Students In Chennai, Abishek Jayapal Rajeshwari, Kamalanathan Parasuraman

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Academic dishonesty is not only a serious threat to academic integrity but also to the late professional life of a health science professional. Lack of professionalism leads to decreased treatment outcomes thereby leading detoriation of reputation.

Objective: To find out the prevailing academic dishonest behavior among health science students in Chennai.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 health science students of both the genders in Chennai and their level of academic dishonesty was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results: The study results were analyzed in general and the dishonesty behavior was compared between both men and …

Interdisciplinary Management Of People With Communication And/Or Swallowing Disorders: Confidence, Knowledge And Experience Of Undergraduate Allied Health Students, Matthew Kelly, Rachael Unicomb, Sally Hewat

Health Professions Education

Purpose. Interprofessional collaboration is an important aspect of health practice. Individuals with communication and/or swallowing impairments are often managed by interdisciplinary teams including speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and other healthcare professionals. Literature reports that other allied health professionals may not be confident working with this caseload and little evidence exists that explores undergraduate allied health students’ confidence, knowledge, and experience working with this caseload, and as part of an interdisciplinary team. Such knowledge is essential in order to inform curriculum and to improve overall professional practice and patient outcomes. This research aimed to investigate: (1) the knowledge and confidence of non-SLP …

Status Of Toxicology Education In Us Doctor Of Pharmacy Programs, Mohammed A. Islam, Paniz Hazrati, Fred Farris

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Pharmacists play a significant role in toxicology from research to clinical practice. Adequate toxicology content coverage is expected in the curricula of US PharmD programs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the status of toxicology education in the professional PharmD programs in US schools and colleges of pharmacy.

Method: The websites of 142 pharmacy programs were visited. Pages with PharmD curriculum, course catalog, student handbook were identified and retrieved. The toxicology course titles and catalog descriptions were compiled and uploaded into the qualitative data analysis software, NVivo® 12. A word cloud analysis of the toxicology course descriptions …

Reducing Central Venous Infections, Desiree Banton

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Patients in the hospital are 36.6% more likely to die after a diagnosis of a Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) (Chovanec et al., 2021). The purpose of this evidence-based practice implementation is to reduce CLABSI rates in the Neurological ICU (Neuro ICU) at a private medical center through use of a CLABSI prevention bundle checklist each shift.

PICOT: In the adult neuro-ICU (P), how does implementing a CLABSI prevention bundle checklist each shift (I), compared to current practice (C), affect CLABSI rates (O) within eight weeks (T)?

Evidence: Evidence-based research supports that if clinical staff completed each part …

Ivig For Refractory Dysphagia In Antisynthetase Syndrome: A Truth Hard To Swallow, Mais Alnoukari, Oziel Garza De La Garza, Karrar Al Gburi, Niral Patel, Henderson Lopez, Muhammad Shamim, Henry Kwang

School of Medicine Publications

Refractory dysphasia could be the main symptom of Antisynthetase syndrome (ASS). IVIG may have a major impact in the successful treatment of dysphasia in patients with ASS. In our patient with ASS, IVIG treatment was an unreplaceable treatment option, and the patient regains her ability to swallow within 2 days.

A Metabolic Profile Of Escalating Density Training, Desmond Millender

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute physiological, perceptual, and enjoyment responses between a single bout of escalating density training (EDT) and traditional resistance training (TRAD).

Methods: Twelve physically active males (n = 6) and females (n = 6) (age: 21.4 ± 3.0 years; weight: 69.8 ± 7.9 kg; height: 172.9 ± 12.4 cm; maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max): 44.7 ± 9.2 ml · kg^-1 · min^-1) performed both EDT and TRAD. During the EDT trial, participants performed chest and leg press exercises in a cyclical fashion for 15 minutes with limited …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Heat-Labile Toxin Drives Enteropathic Changes In Small Intestinal Epithelia, Alaullah Sheikh, Brunda Tumala, Tim J Vickers, John C Martin, Bruce A Rosa, Subrata Sabui, Supratim Basu, Rita D Simoes, Makedonka Mitreva, Chad Storer, Erik Tyksen, Richard D Head, Wandy Beatty, Hamid M Said, James M Fleckenstein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins, and commonly cause diarrhea in resource-poor regions. ETEC have been linked repeatedly to sequelae in children including enteropathy, malnutrition, and growth impairment. Although cellular actions of ETEC enterotoxins leading to diarrhea are well-established, their contributions to sequelae remain unclear. LT increases cellular cAMP to activate protein kinase A (PKA) that phosphorylates ion channels driving intestinal export of salt and water resulting in diarrhea. As PKA also modulates transcription of many genes, we interrogated transcriptional profiles of LT-treated intestinal epithelia. Here we show that LT significantly alters intestinal epithelial gene …

Range-Based Livestock Production In Turkmenistan, R. H. Behnke, G. Davidson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Turkmenistan retains a centralized system of livestock production in which many critical assets are owned by the state. Though technically in the temperate zone, the country's climate is harsh and unstable. Groundwater resources are unevenly distributed, leaving many potential grazing areas seasonally inaccessible due to lack of drinking water for livestock. This paper summarizes the results of a three-year study of rangelands, livestock production, flock economics and land tenure at two study sites, one in central and the other in eastern Turkmenistan. The results of this study suggest that pastoral communities in Turkmenistan have coped remarkably well with the institutional …

Convergent Validity Of The Short Recovery And Stress Scale In Collegiate Weightlifters, Alec R. Perkins, S. Kyle Travis, Satoshi Miziguchi, Michael Stone, Kevin Breuel, Michael Kellmann, Caleb Bazyler

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 1457-1471, 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in collegiate weightlifters’ external training load, biochemical markers, and jumping performance correlate to changes in items of the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) throughout four microcycles. Twelve well-trained weightlifters (8 males, 4 females; age 24.30 ± 4.36 yr; height 170.28 ± 7.09 cm; body mass 81.73 ± 17.00 kg) with at least one year of competition experience participated in the study. Measurements included hydration, SRSS, biochemical analysis of blood (cortisol [C], creatine kinase [CK]), and unloaded and loaded squat jumps (SJ), …