Digital Commons Network^™

Exenatide As An Adjunct To Nicotine Patch For Smoking Cessation And Prevention Of Postcessation Weight Gain Among Treatment-Seeking Smokers With Pre-Diabetes And/Or Overweight: Study Protocol For A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial, Luba Yammine, Christopher D Verrico, Francesco Versace, Heather E Webber, Robert Suchting, Michael F Weaver, Thomas R Kosten, Husein Alibhai, Paul M Cinciripini, Scott D Lane, Joy M Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Obesity and smoking are the two leading causes of preventable death in the USA. Unfortunately, most smokers gain weight after quitting. Postcessation weight gain (PCWG) is frequently cited as one of the primary barriers to a quit attempt and a common cause of relapse. Further, excessive PCWG may contribute to the onset or progression of metabolic conditions, such as hyperglycaemia and obesity. The efficacy of the current treatments for smoking cessation is modest, and these treatments have no clinically meaningful impact on mitigating PCWG. Here, we outline a novel approach using glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), which have …

Covid-19: An Impetus To Reform Paediatrics Curriculum For Undergraduate Medical Students In Iraq, Mahmood Dhahir Al-Mendalawi

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

The beginning of COVID-19 infection in late 2019 in China and its global spread represent one of the stressful events of recent times. Apart from posing risks to the health, living, society, and economy, the COVID-19 pandemic has devastated various aspects of medical education. In this article, we have highlighted the journey of paediatrics curricular reform in Iraq with a special emphasis on the need to reform in the era of the pandemic. The reform is essential to arm undergraduate medical students with the necessary competency to deliver adequate paediatric healthcare to the community should COVID-19 infection comes roaring back.

Effect Of Fenugreek And Curry Leaves Powder On Dyslipidemia- A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study, Syeda Farha S, Shivani Agarwal, Vanitha Reddy P

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Background: Dyslipidemias, a disorder of lipid metabolism, is widely established as an independent major and modifiable risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The conditions are common worldwide and a leading cause of death in India, and has even riven the age bar swaying in young people too. The significant effect of an increase in dyslipidemias depends on diabetes and hypertension. Nutraceuticals, derived from food sources serve as an alternative therapy for the management of dyslipidemia. India is home to multitudinous medicinal plants, of which many remain underutilized. Murraya Koenigii (curry leaf) and Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek leaves) are well-proven as good …

Reflections On The Initiatives Of Ngos, Ingos, And Un Organizations In Eradicating Poverty In Lebanon Through The Case Study Of Rmf, Jeanne Laure Mawad, Mohammad Makki

Arab Economic and Business Journal

Despite several measures aimed at helping the poor, almost three-quarters of the Lebanese residents plunge into poverty (ESCWA, 2021), owing to a severe political, economic and financial crisis that hit the country since the last quarter of 2019 (WorldBank, 2021). These combined shocks have resulted in a drop in the living conditions for a large percentage of the Lebanese, minorities, and refugees. Many efforts have been set to lower the levels of poverty by INGOs,NGOs, and UN organizations in the country whether by providing direct relief support to the poor, minorities and refugees or by funding SMEs and startups, yet …

Second Opinion: Health, Faith, And Ethics, 1989, V11, July, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Health Care System & Park Ridge Center, Park Ridge, IL: The July 1989 issue of "Second Opinion" (ISSN 0890-1570) features:

• Initial Comment: The "No Room" Problem (James P. Wind) p. 8
• Sexuality and the Family, Part 2: The Role of the Church (Christine E. Gudorf) p. 10
• Afro-Caribbean Spirituality: A Haitian Case Study (Karen McCarthy Brown) p. 36
• Excerpts from Bill W. and Dr. Bob: A Historical Drama on the Founding of Alcoholics Anonymous (Samual Shem and Janet Surrey) p. 58
• Facing Brokenness: An Interview with David Hilfiker, p. 92
• Victims of Victims: The Unending Chain of Poverty …

Bulletin Of The Park Ridge Center, 1991, V6 N1, January, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Park Ridge, IL: Issue of "Bulletin of The Park Ridge Center", a tri-annual publication from The Park Ridge Center - An Institute for the Study of Health, Faith, and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a feature examining concerns facing America's children; a health and medicine news digest; addressing the AIDS crisis from a faith perspective; and current research summaries.

June 13, 2023 Ereporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Nutrition Interventions Addressing Structural Racism: A Scoping Review, Matthew Greene, Bailey Houghtaling, Claire Sadeghzadeh, Molly De Marco, De'jerra Bryant, Randa Morgan, Denise Holston

Faculty Publications

African Americans experience high rates of obesity and food insecurity in part due to structural racism, or overlapping discriminatory systems and practices in housing, education, employment, health care and other settings. Nutrition education and nutrition-focused policy, systems and environmental changes may be able to address structural racism in the food environment. This scoping review aimed to summarise the available literature regarding nutrition interventions for African Americans that address structural racism in the food environment and compare them with the 'Getting to Equity in Obesity Prevention' framework of suggested interventions. An electronic literature search was conducted with the assistance of a …

Disparities In Violent Fatal Injury Among Racial And Ethnic Minorities, 2009–2019: A Portfolio Analysis Of United States—National Institutes Of Health, Maria-Isabel Roldós, Tilda Farhat, Marcia M. Gómez

Publications and Research

The excess mortality burden due to violent fatal injuries is an urgent public health issue for adolescents and young adults, especially those from racial and ethnic minority populations. We examined the research portfolio of the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) related to violent fatal injuries between 2009 and 2019 to focus on adolescents and young adults from NIH-designated populations experiencing health disparities and to identify trends and research gaps. We analyzed funded projects by populations covered, geographic location of the study population, type of research (etiology, intervention, methodology), type of determinants, and publications generated. In 10 years, NIH …

Applying The Global Leadership Initiative On Malnutrition Criteria In Patients Admitted With Sars-Cov-2 Infection Using Computed Tomography Imaging, Patricia Sheean, Paula O'Connor, Cara Joyce, Amy Wozniak, Vasilios Vasilopoulos, Perry Formanek

Biostatistics Collaborative Core: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Background: Patients with low muscle mass and acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection meet the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) etiologic and phenotypic criteria to diagnose malnutrition, respectively. However, available cut‐points to classify individuals with low muscle mass are not straightforward. Using computed tomography (CT) to determine low muscularity, we assessed the prevalence of malnutrition using the GLIM framework and associations with clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted gathering patient data from various clinical resources. Patients admitted to the COVID‐19 unit (March 2020 to June 2020) with appropriate/evaluable CT studies (chest or abdomen/ pelvis) within the first 5 days of …

Juvenile Dungeness Crab Foraging Behavior And Lipid Composition Is Altered More By Food Quantity Than Seawater Ph In A Multi-Stressor Experiment, Julie Schram, Hannah G. Hayes, Erica Street, Natalie Thompson, Reyn M. Yoshioka, Aaron W. Galloway

Faculty, Staff, and Students

Increases in atmospheric, anthropogenic carbon are driving reductions in seawater pH, a process referred to as ocean acidification. Reduced seawater pH can influence behavior of marine animals, but little is currently known about how juvenile crustaceans will respond. We conducted lab experiments to improve our understanding of the consequences of pH exposure and food quantity on juvenile Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister, (Dana, 1852)) behavior and nutritional condition. To understand the foraging and pH sensing behavior of juvenile crab, and how this interacts with their nutritional status, we exposed recently settled second instar juveniles to either ambient pH or reduced pH …

Behavioral Paradigm For The Evaluation Of Stimulation-Evoked Somatosensory Perception Thresholds In Rats, Jeffrey R. Capadona

Faculty Scholarship

Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of the somatosensory cortex via penetrating microelectrode arrays (MEAs) can evoke cutaneous and proprioceptive sensations for restoration of perception in individuals with spinal cord injuries. However, ICMS current amplitudes needed to evoke these sensory percepts tend to change over time following implantation. Animal models have been used to investigate the mechanisms by which these changes occur and aid in the development of new engineering strategies to mitigate such changes. Non-human primates are commonly the animal of choice for investigating ICMS, but ethical concerns exist regarding their use. Rodents are a preferred animal model due to their availability, …

Measuring The Physiological Effects Of Methylobacterium Oryzae Foliar Inoculation Onto Salt-Stressed Tomatoes Grown In A Greenhouse Semi-Hydroponic System, Collin Dice

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

Salinity stress has been shown to improve hydroponic produce quality such as that of tomato but at the trade-off of produce yield. In order to improve demand for hydroponic produce, techniques that improve salinity tolerance could offset declines in yield without altering the improved quality of produce. In two separate trials, we tested whether foliar inoculation of the ACC deaminase-producing bacteria Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 improved salt tolerance in tomatoes grown in a semi-hydroponic system using an indeterminate variety exposed to 26mM NaCl (Trial 1) and a determinate variety exposed to 17mM NaCl (Trial 2). We also tested how salinity and …

Application Of Natural Polysaccharides And Their Novel Dosage Forms In Gynecological Cancers: Therapeutic Implications From The Diversity Potential Of Natural Compounds, Yi Li, Chuanlong Zhang, Lu Feng, Qian Shen, Fudong Liu, Xiaochen Jiang, Bo Pang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases. Globally, the number of cancers is nearly 10 million per year. Gynecological cancers (for instance, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial), relying on hidden diseases, misdiagnoses, and high recurrence rates, have seriously affected women's health. Traditional chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy effectively improve the prognosis of gynecological cancer patients. However, with the emergence of adverse reactions and drug resistance, leading to the occurrence of complications and poor compliance of patients, we have to focus on the new treatment direction of gynecological cancers. Because of the potential effects of natural drugs in regulating …

Assessment Of The First Presentations Of Common Variable Immunodeficiency In A Large Cohort Of Patients, Hossein Esmaeilzadeh, Armita Jokar-Derisi, Amir Hossein Hassani, Reza Yazdani, Samaneh Delavari, Hassan Abolhassani, Negar Mortazavi, Aida Askarisarvestani

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome resulting in recurrent infections, autoimmunity, and granulomatous manifestations.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: This retrospective study was conducted on an Iranian national registry of immunodeficient patients from 2010 to 2021. The frequency of first presentations of CVID and its association with sex, age of onset, and family history of CVID was evaluated.

RESULTS: A total of 383 patients entered the study, 164 of whom were female, and the rest were male. The mean age of the patients was 25.3 ± 14.5 years. The most frequent first presentations of CVID were pneumonia (36.8%) …

Second Opinion: Health, Faith, And Ethics, 1986, V2, July, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General Health Care System & Park Ridge Center, Park Ridge, IL: The July 1986 issue of "Second Opinon" (ISSN 0890-1570) includes a focus on the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit:

• Initial Comment: Confronting Brute Facts (James P. Wind) p. 7
• The NICU: Medical Realities (pictorial essay) p. 10
• Imperiled: A Case Study (William G. Bartholome) p. 12
• The Best Interests of the Baby (Richard A. McCormick) p. 18
• Imperiled in the Wilderness (Karen Lebacqz) p. 26
• Responsibilities to the Imperiled Infant (William G. Bartholome) p. 32
• The NICU: Family Involvment (pictorial essay) p. 40
• When Is It Justifiable Not to …

Healthy Eating Interventions Delivered In Early Childhood Education And Care Settings For Improving The Diet Of Children Aged Six Months To Six Years, Sze Lin Yoong, Melanie Lum, Luke Wolfenden, Jacklyn Jackson, Courtney Barnes, Alix E. Hall, Sam Mccrabb, Nicole Pearson, Cassandra Lane, Jannah Z. Jones, Lauren Dinour, Therese Mcdonnell, Debbie Booth, Alice Grady

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

Background

Dietary intake during early childhood can have implications on child health and developmental trajectories. Early childhood education and care (ECEC) services are recommended settings to deliver healthy eating interventions as they provide access to many children during this important period. Healthy eating interventions delivered in ECEC settings can include strategies targeting the curriculum (e.g. nutrition education), ethos and environment (e.g. menu modification) and partnerships (e.g. workshops for families). Despite guidelines supporting the delivery of healthy eating interventions in this setting, little is known about their impact on child health.

Objectives

To assess the effectiveness of healthy eating interventions delivered …

Home And Community-Based Service Utilization Patterns For Seniors With Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias, Margaret E. Saari

Dissertations

Half a million Canadians are living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Approximately half these individuals live in the community, supported by informal caregivers. In this population, utilization of formal services is low and patterns of utilization are not well understood. Previous studies examining predictors of service use have examined services in isolation however, often multiple services are utilized, with little coordination between services.

The purpose of this study was to provide a better understanding of the community-based services utilized concurrently by seniors with dementia and their caregivers.

Putting Your Money Where Your Mouth Is: Maternal Health Policy After Dobbs, Elizabeth Tobin-Tyler

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Arianna Medina

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

No abstract provided.

Impacts Of Human Disturbances On Alaskan Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos): A Literature Review, Stephanie J. Menjivar

University Honors Theses

This thematic literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of the existing research on the various human disturbances that impact Alaskan brown bears (Ursus arctos). It explores key findings, trends, and gaps in the literature, focusing on the overarching themes of Land-Use Overlap, Hunting and Poaching, Noise Pollution, and Industrial Development. By synthesizing and critically evaluating a wide range of studies, this review aims to deepen our understanding of the common sources of disturbances and their implications on the spatial, feeding, and social behaviors of brown bears. A brown bear's response to human activities varies …

Improving Restoration Success Of Winterfat: Influences Of Hydrophobic Seed Coatings And Planting Depth On Seedling Emergence, Kyle Andrew Cook

Theses and Dissertations

In western North America, winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A. Meeuse & Smit) is a valuable protein-rich subshrub whose restoration has been limited by poor seed flowability and low rates of seedling establishment. Seed flowability can be limited by a dense covering of hairs on winterfat fruits that can cause them to clog in mechanized equipment. Seedling establishment can be limited by premature germination of fall-sown seeds that can cause over-winter seedling mortality from freezing, pathogen attack, and winter drought. Seed coatings may provide a way to overcome both of these barriers to winterfat restoration. Coatings can compress hairs against the …

Influences Of Race/Ethnicity In Periodontal Treatment Response And Bacterial Distribution, A Cohort Pilot Study, Bing-Yan Wang, Grayson Burgardt, Kavitha Parthasarathy, Daniel K. Ho, Robin L. Weltman, Gena D. Tribble, Jianming Hong, Stanley Cron, Hua Xie

Pacific Faculty Work

Objectives: Periodontitis disproportionately affects different racial and ethnic populations. We have previously reported the higher levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis and lower ratios of Streptococcus cristatus to P. gingivalis may contribute to periodontal health disparities. This prospective cohort study was designed to investigate if ethnic/racial groups responded differently to non-surgical periodontal treatment and if the treatment outcomes correlated to the bacterial distribution in patients with periodontitis before treatment. Methods: This prospective cohort pilot study was carried out in an academic setting, at the School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Dental plaque was collected from a total …

Family Needs, Family Leave In 2023, Katharine Silbaugh

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Real Choice: Abortion Rights Reconstruction, Nancy E. Dowd

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Singing In The Key Of Dobbs: Historical Inquiries Into The Institutionalization Of Support For Families And Children, Sacha M. Coupet

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Exposure Levels Of Airborne Fungi, Bacteria, And Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Cotton Farms During Cotton Harvesting And Evaluations Of N95 Respirators Against These Bioaerosols, Atin Adhikari, Pratik Banerjee, Taylor Thornton, Daleniece Higgins, Caleb Adeoye, Sonam Sherpa

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The USA is the third-leading cotton-producing country worldwide and cotton farming is common in the state of Georgia. Cotton harvest can be a significant contributor to airborne microbial exposures to farmers and nearby rural communities. The use of respirators or masks is one of the viable options for reducing organic dust and bioaerosol exposures among farmers. Unfortunately, the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR Part 1910.134) does not apply to agricultural workplaces and the filtration efficiency of N95 respirators was never field-tested against airborne microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during cotton harvesting. This study addressed these two information gaps. …

Sio-Asco Guideline On Integrative Medicine For Cancer Pain Management: Implications For Racial And Ethnic Pain Disparities, Kevin T. Liou, Rebecca Ashare, Brooke Worster, Katie F. Jones, Katherine A. Yeager, Amanda M. Acevedo, Rebecca Ferrer, Salimah H. Meghani

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Racial and ethnic disparities in pain management pose major challenges to equitable cancer care delivery. These disparities are driven by complex interactions between patient-, provider-, and system-related factors that resist reductionistic solutions and require innovative, holistic approaches. On September 19, 2022, the Society for Integrative Oncology and the American Society of Clinical Oncology published a joint guideline to provide evidence-based recommendations on integrative medicine for cancer pain management. Integrative medicine, which combines conventional treatments with complementary modalities from cultures and traditions around the world, are uniquely equipped to resonate with diverse cancer populations and fill existing gaps in pain management. …

Perioperative Nutritional Considerations In Orthopaedic Surgery: A Review Of The Literature, William Curtis, Timothy Choi, Aamir Ahmad, Christopher Shultz

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Macronutrients and micronutrients play an essential role in the surgical process, beginning in preoperative preparation and extending well into postoperative recovery. It is important that orthopaedic surgeons and their patients understand the physiological impact of the surgical stress response and the ways in which adequate perioperative nutrition can help combat its negative effects. Throughout this article, the authors discuss the important roles of macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, protein, and fatty acids, and that of micronutrients, including zinc and vitamins C, D, A, and E, in the perioperative period. The authors aim to explain the physiological effects of surgery on nutrition …

Diet Quality Among Pre-Adolescent African American Girls In A Randomized Controlled Obesity Prevention Intervention Trial, Debbe Thompson, Yiming Mirabile, Noemi Islam, Chishinga Callender, Salma M A Musaad, Julie Miranda, Jennette P Moreno, Jayna M Dave, Tom Baranowski

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Consuming an unhealthy diet increases health risks. This study assessed the impact of a culturally adapted behaviorally innovative obesity prevention intervention (The Butterfly Girls and the Quest for Founder’s Rock) on diet quality in pre-adolescent non-Hispanic Black/African American girls. The RCT consisted of three groups (experimental, comparison, and waitlist control); block randomization allocated participants to each group. The two treatment groups varied in terms of whether or not they set goals. Data were collected at baseline (prior to receiving the intervention), post 1 (3 months post-baseline), and post 2 (6 months post-baseline). Two dietitian-assisted 24 h dietary recalls …