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Post-Acute Sequelae Of Covid-19 (Pasc) In Pediatrics: Factors That Impact Symptom Severity And Referral To Treatment., Catherine Soprano, Ryan Ngo, Casey A Konys, Ashley Bazier, Katherine Salamon Nov 2023

Post-Acute Sequelae Of Covid-19 (Pasc) In Pediatrics: Factors That Impact Symptom Severity And Referral To Treatment., Catherine Soprano, Ryan Ngo, Casey A Konys, Ashley Bazier, Katherine Salamon

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is a complex condition. While there are emerging studies on its effects in adults, there is scarce research regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection among youth. Several researchers have likened long-haul COVID-19 to chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). In adults, the prognosis for these diagnoses is less promising than that in youth; however, there is currently very little information available on the presentation of youth with PASC. A better understanding of the specific symptom presentation for youth diagnosed with PASC is necessary. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted …

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Mechanisms And Treatment Options For Hyperthyroid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review, Robert M. Branstetter 4th, Rahib K. Islam, Collin A. Toups, Amanda N. Parra, Zachary Lee, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye Nov 2023

Mechanisms And Treatment Options For Hyperthyroid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review, Robert M. Branstetter 4th, Rahib K. Islam, Collin A. Toups, Amanda N. Parra, Zachary Lee, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Normal thyroid hormone levels are crucial for the homeostasis of many metabolic cycles and processes throughout the human body. Thyroid dysfunction, such as thyrotoxicosis, can result from many different etiologies, including Graves' disease (GD), toxic multinodular goiter (MNG), and toxic adenoma. These hyperthyroid disease states can cause devastating complications and disease, including the disruption of the bone remodeling cycle and skeletal development, which can result in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and a propensity for fragility fractures. In addition to patients with overt hyperthyroidism, studies have provided evidence of other high-risk patient demographics, such …

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Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Clostridioides Difficile Sporulation, Yu Chen, Michael Sacco, James Leahy, Elena Bray, Xingmin Sun, Xiujun Zhang Nov 2023

Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Clostridioides Difficile Sporulation, Yu Chen, Michael Sacco, James Leahy, Elena Bray, Xingmin Sun, Xiujun Zhang

USF Patents

Disclosed herein are compounds that can prevent and treat C. difficile by inhibiting sporulation. Also disclosed herein are compositions and formulations comprising the compound disclosed herein. Methods of preventing and treating C. difficile comprising administering the compounds described herein are also disclosed.

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Mirna As Systemic Mediators For Environmentally Persistent Free Radical-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Ankit Aryal Nov 2023

Mirna As Systemic Mediators For Environmentally Persistent Free Radical-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Ankit Aryal

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Air pollution is consistently linked with elevations in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its mortality. Particulate matter (PM) is a pivotal factor in air pollution-associated CVD. PM containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) forms from the incomplete combustion of organic wastes. These products adhere to particulate matter carrying redox-active transition metals on its surface. To enable systematic research of the health impacts of EPFR, our colleagues developed a combustion method to produce EPFR-containing PM that closely resemble urban PM and validated their use for typical laboratory settings. We exposed mice to laboratory generated EPFR through whole-body inhalation and investigated their dose-dependent …

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Academic Senate - Agenda, 11/14/2023, Academic Senate Nov 2023

Academic Senate - Agenda, 11/14/2023, Academic Senate

Academic Senate Agendas

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of The Big-Headed Turtle (Platysternon Megacephalum) On Community And Ecosystem In Hong Kong Hill Streams, Wing Lam Fok Nov 2023

The Effects Of The Big-Headed Turtle (Platysternon Megacephalum) On Community And Ecosystem In Hong Kong Hill Streams, Wing Lam Fok

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Freshwater turtles and tortoises are ecologically important organisms; however, they are underappreciated, and conservation attention often focuses on the more charismatic animals such as birds and mammals. Although turtles are the most traded group of animals and many species are at the brink of extinction, little research has been done to understand their ecology in Asia because of the rarity of wild populations. Hong Kong is a biodiversity hotspot for freshwater turtle species. The Big-headed Turtle (Platysternon megacephalum) is a critically endangered species that still maintains small populations in Hong Kong, providing a rare opportunity to study the …

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Chapter 10: Trends In Consumer Preference For Locally-Sourced Food Products, John White, Matthew Gorton, Barbara Tocco, Péter Csillag, Jelena Filipović Nov 2023

Chapter 10: Trends In Consumer Preference For Locally-Sourced Food Products, John White, Matthew Gorton, Barbara Tocco, Péter Csillag, Jelena Filipović

Plymouth Business School

Recent years witnessed an increase in academic, policy and consumer interest in local foods. Yet, overwhelmingly positive attitudes toward local foods are often not translated into purchases. This chapter reviews the literature regarding the conceptualization of local food as well as consumer motivations, and barriers, to purchase local food products, drawing largely on evidence from Europe and North America. This is complemented with a case study of cooperative food labelling in southern Hungary, which illustrates the market opportunities and frequently encountered obstacles faced by local food initiatives. The chapter identifies, as a critical impediment, a lack of practitioner and scholarly …

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Impacts Of Creatine Supplementation On Running Anaerobic Sprint Performance Test (Rast) Power And Velocity In Youth Soccer Players, Nia Howard, Citlaly Jauregui, Heitor P N Amorim, Sullen B. Sant'ana, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, Dailson Paulucio, Marco Machado, Steven B. Machek Nov 2023

Impacts Of Creatine Supplementation On Running Anaerobic Sprint Performance Test (Rast) Power And Velocity In Youth Soccer Players, Nia Howard, Citlaly Jauregui, Heitor P N Amorim, Sullen B. Sant'ana, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, Dailson Paulucio, Marco Machado, Steven B. Machek

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Creatine supplementation commonly enhances short-term, high-intensity effort performance such the soccer-specific ability to perform repeated sprints. Research in this regard is both generally sparse but specifically more so in youth athletes. PURPOSE: to determine the effect of 28 days of creatine monohydrate supplementation on running anaerobic sprint performance (RAST) power and velocity in youth soccer players. METHODS: Sixteen male youth soccer players were randomized in double-blinded, parallel-group fashion to either 28 days of creatine supplementation (CRE; 15.9±0.35y) or an equivalently-dosed dextrose (PLA; 15.5±0.54y; 0.3g/kg/d loading dose for the first seven days, followed by 0.03g/kg/d for the remaining period), whereby they …

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Effects Of Nitrate Supplementation On In Vivo Muscle Torque Recovery From Bacl2-Induced Injury, Dylan M. Kasper, Lloyd Marshall, Leonardo Nogueira Nov 2023

Effects Of Nitrate Supplementation On In Vivo Muscle Torque Recovery From Bacl2-Induced Injury, Dylan M. Kasper, Lloyd Marshall, Leonardo Nogueira

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

During repair from muscle injury, muscle satellite cells depend on nitric oxide production by immune cells to proliferate and differentiate. Nitrate supplementation has been shown to improve muscle endurance and oxygen consumption, but little is known about the ability of nitrate supplementation to interfere with muscle regeneration following injury. PURPOSE: To investigate whether nitrate supplementation affects muscle recovery of force after muscle injury produced by intramuscular injection of barium chloride. METHODS: Transgenic male mice (12 weeks old) that express Td-Tomato fluorescent protein in Pax7+ cells (i.e., satellite cells; Pax7CreER-Ai9 mice) were treated with tamoxifen (2 mg in corn …

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Diaphragm Force And Mitochondrial Function Ex Vivo Following Gsnor Inhibition In Vivo Preceding Mechanical Ventilation, Simon P. Pierce, Daniel T. Cannon, Leonardo Nogueira Nov 2023

Diaphragm Force And Mitochondrial Function Ex Vivo Following Gsnor Inhibition In Vivo Preceding Mechanical Ventilation, Simon P. Pierce, Daniel T. Cannon, Leonardo Nogueira

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

During mechanical ventilation (MV), force developed by the diaphragm is decreased over time much faster than locomotor muscles. This is known as ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD), and VIDD may be accelerated by intramyofiber oxidative stress. An important free radical used for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is nitric oxide (NO) which can diffuse to diaphragm myofibers during treatment. However, little is known whether NO or NO by-products such as S-nitrosothiols (RSNO), can accelerate or prevent VIDD. PURPOSE: To investigate whether inhibiting S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNORi) during MV could affect ex vivo diaphragm force and mitochondrial respiration. METHODS …

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A Case Study Examining Health And Fitness Effects Of Thru Hiking The Pacific Crest Trail, Holland Gaston, Dante Argento, Anna Grexton, Cory Greever Nov 2023

A Case Study Examining Health And Fitness Effects Of Thru Hiking The Pacific Crest Trail, Holland Gaston, Dante Argento, Anna Grexton, Cory Greever

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Pacific Crest Trail (PCT), a long-distance hiking route spanning from the U.S.-Mexico Border to the U.S.-Canada border, is a compelling research topic for studying human performance. Thru hiking involves enduring high volumes of moderate-vigorous exercise, load carriage of survival gear, environmental conditions, hydration, nutrition, sleep, and psychological well-being, alongside addressing challenges like navigation, limited resupply, encounters with wild animals and injury/illness. PURPOSE: This case study investigated the impact of thru hiking the PCT on physical fitness and health in a cohort of three non-elite male hikers. METHODS: The participants had two visits to the lab, following an 8-12 hour …

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Abdominal Adiposity Indexed By The Sagittal Abdominal Diameter And Risk Of Mortality In 14,119 U.S. Adults, Joshua A. Brockbank, Larry A. Tucker Nov 2023

Abdominal Adiposity Indexed By The Sagittal Abdominal Diameter And Risk Of Mortality In 14,119 U.S. Adults, Joshua A. Brockbank, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The body mass index (BMI) is frequently used as a general measure of overweight and obesity. It is a good predictor of disease and premature death. However, research shows that indices of abdominal adiposity tend to be better predictors of disease risk and mortality than BMI. To date, the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), an index of abdominal adiposity, has never been evaluated as a predictor of mortality. PURPOSE: The present study was conducted to determine the extent that adults with different levels of SAD vary in their risk of all-cause mortality over an average follow-up of 6 years. METHODS: A …

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Single-Leg Resistance Exercise Training In Mice Leads To A Fast Increase In In Vivo Torque Of Anterior Crural Muscles, Lloyd K.T. Marshall, Dylan M. Kasper, Leonardo Nogueira Phd Nov 2023

Single-Leg Resistance Exercise Training In Mice Leads To A Fast Increase In In Vivo Torque Of Anterior Crural Muscles, Lloyd K.T. Marshall, Dylan M. Kasper, Leonardo Nogueira Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Resistance exercise is known to produce muscle hypertrophy. However, little is known about the role of muscle satellite cells in generating new myofibers or in incorporating satellite cells to live myofibers during exercise training. PURPOSE: To investigate whether single-leg resistance exercise training can activate the incorporation of muscle satellite cells in mice. METHODS: Transgenic male mice (12 weeks old) that express Td-Tomato fluorescent protein in Pax7+ (i.e., satellite cells) cells (Pax7CreER-Ai9) were treated with tamoxifen (2 mg in corn oil, i.p.) once a day for 5 days. Three days later, mice were single-leg exercise trained (i.e stimulation of …

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The Effects Of A High-Carbohydrate Versus A High-Fat Shake On Biomarkers Of Metabolism And Glycemic Control When Used To Interrupt A 38-Hour Fast: A Randomized Crossover Study, Cameron Jacobsen, Landon Deru, Bruce W. Bailey Nov 2023

The Effects Of A High-Carbohydrate Versus A High-Fat Shake On Biomarkers Of Metabolism And Glycemic Control When Used To Interrupt A 38-Hour Fast: A Randomized Crossover Study, Cameron Jacobsen, Landon Deru, Bruce W. Bailey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

As the link between metabolic health and chronic diseases have come into focus, it has highlighted the need to establish methods for improving metabolic flexibility. The ability to efficiently switch metabolic fuels from glucose to fatty acid-derived ketones is an indication of good metabolic health. Regular fasting allows the body to make the metabolic switch to ketones more often, which is commonly identified through the measurement of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). Measuring both BHB and glucose levels can provide information about the body’s response to various foods, fasting regimens, or other metabolic stressors, and give valuable insights to measuring a …

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Improvements In Mood State Following An 8-Week Strength Training Intervention In Healthy Adult Subjects, Emily Dow, Carol S. Johnston, Mario Hernandez Nov 2023

Improvements In Mood State Following An 8-Week Strength Training Intervention In Healthy Adult Subjects, Emily Dow, Carol S. Johnston, Mario Hernandez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recently, a growing body of literature has identified the potential role of exercise in modulating the microbiome-gut-brain axis, by which changes in the gut microbiome have been associated with improved markers of psychological health. PURPOSE: To introduce the potential role of strength training, an underrepresented exercise modality in this field, as a modifiable lifestyle factor that may improve mental health outcomes via the microbiome-gut-brain axis. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial implicates an 8-week, remotely monitored strength training intervention consisting of three total-body exercise sessions per week in healthy adults. The intervention arm (ST; n=11; 91% female; 38.5±10.3 y) received …

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Predictors Of Performance During A 161 Km Mountain Footrace, Omar B. El-Kurd, Patrick Bialy, Soolim Jeong, Braxton A. Linder, Nina L. Stute, Joseph D. Vondrasek, C. M. Lee Facsm, Kent A. Lorenz, Austin T. Robinson, Joseph C. Watso, Matthew C. Babcock, James R. Bagley, Gregory J. Grosicki Nov 2023

Predictors Of Performance During A 161 Km Mountain Footrace, Omar B. El-Kurd, Patrick Bialy, Soolim Jeong, Braxton A. Linder, Nina L. Stute, Joseph D. Vondrasek, C. M. Lee Facsm, Kent A. Lorenz, Austin T. Robinson, Joseph C. Watso, Matthew C. Babcock, James R. Bagley, Gregory J. Grosicki

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Training volume and cardiovascular dynamics influence endurance performance. However, there is limited information on the interplay between training volume, cardiovascular dynamics, and performance in ultra-marathon athletes. PURPOSE: We aimed to determine predictors of performance in finishers of the 2023 Western States Endurance Run (WSER). METHODS: Sixty participants who finished the race (49 males/11 females; mean age: 44.7 ± 9.6 y, range: 26–66 y; BMI: 22.7 ± 2.2 kg/m2) completed pre-race surveys including average training volume (AV) and peak training volume (PV), as well as resting cardiovascular measures including resting heart rate (RHR) and augmentation index (AIx), a measure …

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Influence Of Acute Turkesterone Dosing On Resting Metabolic Rate And Substrate Utilization In Recreationally-Active Males, Nicolle Leon, Dillon Harris, Steven B. Machek, Tracey Sulak, Jeff Forsee, Leslee Funderburk Nov 2023

Influence Of Acute Turkesterone Dosing On Resting Metabolic Rate And Substrate Utilization In Recreationally-Active Males, Nicolle Leon, Dillon Harris, Steven B. Machek, Tracey Sulak, Jeff Forsee, Leslee Funderburk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Turkesterone is a relatively novel phytoecdysteroid compound that has become increasingly popular amongst recreationally active adults seeking to improve body composition. Although many of the these hypothetical benefits arose from prior rodent data demonstrating enhanced substrate utilization, no data presently exist amongst humans in this regard. PURPOSE: to determine the effect of multiple turkesterone doses on both resting metabolic rate (RMR) and substrate utilization in a healthy human population. METHODS: Eleven recreationally active males (23.3±2.2y) visited the laboratory on three occasions separated by at least seven days and were randomized in single-blind, placebo-controlled, and counter-balanced crossover fashion to either 2000mg …

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Food And Mood: Investigating The Correlation Between Vitamin B12 Intake And Depression, Jana Soucar, Hawley Almstedt Nov 2023

Food And Mood: Investigating The Correlation Between Vitamin B12 Intake And Depression, Jana Soucar, Hawley Almstedt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that metabolizes homocysteine, which is a potentially neurotoxic molecule when in excess. Studies show that a deficiency in vitamin B12, as well as folate, may be associated with mental health conditions. Additionally, the prevalence of depression is higher in college students than other demographic populations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate a correlation between vitamin B12 and folate intake with signs and symptoms of depression in college students. METHODS: This study was conducted by first providing participants with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to measure signs and symptoms of …

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Impacts Of Creatine Supplementation On Body Weight And Running Anaerobic Sprint Performance Test (Rast) Time Performance In Youth Soccer Players, Citlaly Jauregui, Heitor Pn Amorim, Suellen B. Sant'ana, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, Dailson Paulucio, Steven B. Machek, Marco Machado Nov 2023

Impacts Of Creatine Supplementation On Body Weight And Running Anaerobic Sprint Performance Test (Rast) Time Performance In Youth Soccer Players, Citlaly Jauregui, Heitor Pn Amorim, Suellen B. Sant'ana, Juan Mielgo Ayuso, Dailson Paulucio, Steven B. Machek, Marco Machado

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Creatine supplementation commonly increases intracellular water and/or lean mass-associated weight gain and concomitantly improved short-term, high-intensity effort performance such as repeated sprint ability. Research in this regard is both generally sparse but specifically more so in younger soccer athletes. PURPOSE: to determine the effect of 28 days of creatine monohydrate supplementation on body weight and running anaerobic sprint performance (RAST) time in youth soccer players. METHODS: Sixteen male youth soccer players were randomized in double-blinded fashion to either 28 days of creatine supplementation (CRE; 15.9±0.35y) or an equivalently-dosed dextrose (PLA; 15.5±0.54y; 0.3g/kg/d for the first 7 days, followed by 0.03g/kg/d …

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Influence Of Acute Turkesterone Dosing On Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (Igf-1) And Subjective Digestibility Scores In Recreationally-Active Males, Stephanie E. Scagliotti, Dillon Harris, Steven B. Machek, Nicolle Leon, Jeff S. Forsse, Leslee Funderburk, Tracey Sulak Nov 2023

Influence Of Acute Turkesterone Dosing On Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (Igf-1) And Subjective Digestibility Scores In Recreationally-Active Males, Stephanie E. Scagliotti, Dillon Harris, Steven B. Machek, Nicolle Leon, Jeff S. Forsse, Leslee Funderburk, Tracey Sulak

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Turkesterone is a relatively novel phytoecdysteroid compound that has become increasingly popular amongst recreationally active demographics. Despite prior in vitro data suggesting that this compound may support enhanced body composition via both insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-mediated protein synthesis, no human evidence exists in this regard nor how well its digestibility is tolerated. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of multiple turkesterone doses on serum IGF-1 and to report any gastrointestinal (GI) distress symptoms in a healthy human sample. METHODS: Eleven recreationally active males (23.3±2.2y) visited the laboratory on three occasions separated by at least seven days and were randomized in …

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The Effects Of A High Carbohydrate Vs. High Fat Pre-Fast Meal On Incretin Hormone Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Study, Parker Graves, Landon Deru, Bruce Bailey Nov 2023

The Effects Of A High Carbohydrate Vs. High Fat Pre-Fast Meal On Incretin Hormone Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Study, Parker Graves, Landon Deru, Bruce Bailey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Chronic illness such as strokes, heart disease and diabetes all rank among the leading causes of death in the United States. Recently, fasting has gained popularity as a means of preventing and treating chronic illness. PURPOSE: Fasting produces multiple beneficial physiological responses that have been shown to aid in chronic disease prevention, one of which is observed in relation to incretin hormones such as glucose-dependent insulin tropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). These incretin hormones are released by the gut to augment the secretion of insulin to regulate postprandial glucose levels. During a fast, the decrease in incretin …

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Gastrointestinal Cell Injury And Percieved Symptoms After Running The Boston Marathon, Malone T. Levanger, Melani R. Kelly, Dawn M. Emerson, Brendon P. Mcdermott, Whitley C. Atkins, Cory L. Butts, R Mark Laursen, Christopher Troyanos, Andrew Duckett, Jacob A. Siedlik Nov 2023

Gastrointestinal Cell Injury And Percieved Symptoms After Running The Boston Marathon, Malone T. Levanger, Melani R. Kelly, Dawn M. Emerson, Brendon P. Mcdermott, Whitley C. Atkins, Cory L. Butts, R Mark Laursen, Christopher Troyanos, Andrew Duckett, Jacob A. Siedlik

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances are a prevalent cause of marathon related complaints, and in extreme cases can promote life-threatening conditions such as exertional heat stroke. PURPOSE: Our aim was to study intestinal cell injury (via intestinal fatty acid binding protein [I-FABP]) and perceived GI distress symptoms among marathon runners. Potential risk factors (e.g., inadequate sleep) that could exacerbate GI disturbances in healthy, trained endurance runners were also examined. METHODS: A parallel mixed-methods study design was utilized. 2019 Boston Marathon participants were recruited via email. Before the race subjects completed surveys describing demographics and training history. Immediately pre-race, post-race, and 24-hours post-race …

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Effects Of Stair Stepping On Late Day Postprandial Glycemia, Austin M. Morales, William Wong, Jochen Kressler Nov 2023

Effects Of Stair Stepping On Late Day Postprandial Glycemia, Austin M. Morales, William Wong, Jochen Kressler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Increased postprandial glycemia is problematic as chronic increases make one more susceptible to diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality. It is important to explore exercise interventions that are convenient and effective in reducing postprandial glycemia. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether the benefits of very short, single bout stair stepping established for early day food consumption extend to late day food consumption. METHODS: Seven participants without glycemic control abnormalities performed two standard oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), consuming 75g of glucose dissolved in 350mL of water followed by assessment of blood glucose response for 2 …

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Comparing Physiological Responses During Rowing High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Versus High Intensity Functional Training (Hift), Madison Mower, Marissa Flannery, Adam Geschwindt, Kionte Storey, Todd A. Astorino Facsm Nov 2023

Comparing Physiological Responses During Rowing High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Versus High Intensity Functional Training (Hift), Madison Mower, Marissa Flannery, Adam Geschwindt, Kionte Storey, Todd A. Astorino Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High intensity interval training (HIIT) improves cardiorespiratory fitness, glycemic control, and body composition, yet the majority of studies used cycling which employs a smaller muscle mass. Less data have examined the acute response to whole-body HIIT. PURPOSE: To compare physiological responses between HIIT rowing and high intensity functional training (HIFT). METHODS: Healthy, non-obese men and women (N=18, age=25±8 yr) who are physically active (PA=7±2hr, VO2max=39±8mL/kg/min) underwent graded exercise testing to determine VO₂max and peak power output (PPO) on the rowing ergometer. On two separate days, subjects performed a time-matched bout of HIFT or HIIT rowing. HIIFT required …

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Effects Of Social Jetlag On Exercise-Induced Adaptations In Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Content In Mice, Austin R. Cooper, Michael Dial, Nikoleta Vasileva, Greco Neblina, Elias M. Malek, Graham Mcginnis 8954626 Nov 2023

Effects Of Social Jetlag On Exercise-Induced Adaptations In Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Content In Mice, Austin R. Cooper, Michael Dial, Nikoleta Vasileva, Greco Neblina, Elias M. Malek, Graham Mcginnis 8954626

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Social jetlag (SJL) occurs when the sleep/wake schedule differs on work days (weekdays) and free days (weekends). Previous studies have shown that individuals with SJL have lower physical fitness and are prone to obesity. While exercise reverses this phenotype (i.e. - via increasing skeletal muscle mitochondrial content), the effects of social jetlag on exercise training adaptations have yet to be shown. PURPOSE: To determine how social jetlag impacts skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise training in mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice aged 10-weeks (n=40) were assigned to four groups, with experimental conditions persisting for 6-weeks; control sedentary (C-SED), control with voluntary …

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Strength Training And Waist Circumference: Evidence Based On 5,581 Randomly Selected U.S. Men And Women, Carson J. Bates, Larry A. Tucker Nov 2023

Strength Training And Waist Circumference: Evidence Based On 5,581 Randomly Selected U.S. Men And Women, Carson J. Bates, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for many serious diseases. Waist circumference is a good measure of abdominal adiposity. A number of investigations show that regular exercise reduces abdominal obesity. However, few studies have focused on strength training and abdominal fat. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the association between time spent strength training (ST) and abdominal adiposity, indexed by waist circumference (WC), in a random sample of 5,581 U.S adults. METHODS: Data collected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used to answer the research question using a cross-sectional design. The findings are applicable …

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Comparing Waist Circumference, Sagittal Abdominal Diameter, And Bmi As Predictors Of Cardiovascular Disease In 11,449 U.S. Adults, Chloe Cory, Larry A. Tucker Nov 2023

Comparing Waist Circumference, Sagittal Abdominal Diameter, And Bmi As Predictors Of Cardiovascular Disease In 11,449 U.S. Adults, Chloe Cory, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Although the body mass index (BMI) is a good indicator of weight for height and cardiometabolic risk, indices of abdominal adiposity may be better screening tools for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. PURPOSE: This study compared the sagittal abdominal diameter, with correction for height (SADHtR), and waist circumference, with correction for height (WHtR), and BMI, which includes a height correction, as predictors of CVD. METHODS: A total of 11,449 randomly selected adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. SADHtR and WHtR were measured by trained technicians. For SADHtR, the subject was in the supine position and …

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Does Handedness Impact Pulmonary Measures During Pickleball?, Samantha E. Cruz, Tashari A. Carballo, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Jae K. Bovell, Matahn A. Blank, Thea S. Sweder, Zhihao Yu, Setareh Zarei, James W. Navalta Nov 2023

Does Handedness Impact Pulmonary Measures During Pickleball?, Samantha E. Cruz, Tashari A. Carballo, Dustin W. Davis, Bryson Carrier, Jae K. Bovell, Matahn A. Blank, Thea S. Sweder, Zhihao Yu, Setareh Zarei, James W. Navalta

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Pickleball is a racquet sport that originated in the 1960s. Due to its beginner-friendly nature, it attracts players of all ages and fitness levels. Despite becoming the most quickly growing sport in the nation, it is still underresearched. The sport’s physiological demands based on pulmonary measures, and whether the demands differ by handedness, are not fully understood. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze and assess whether differences were evident in performance and physiological responses in players when using the dominant (DH) and nondominant hand (NDH) during pickleball. METHODS: Participants were selected through convenience sampling and consisted of …

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Fluid Intake And Hydration Responses To Mass Participation Gravel Cycling, Brandon Raik, Francis Salmon, Grace Handler, Matthew M. Schubert Nov 2023

Fluid Intake And Hydration Responses To Mass Participation Gravel Cycling, Brandon Raik, Francis Salmon, Grace Handler, Matthew M. Schubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gravel cycling is a relatively new cycling discipline, with the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) hosting their first UCI Gravel World Championships in 2022. Gravel races combine features of road racing, cyclocross, and mountain biking, including various terrain of varying technical difficulty (paved roads, dirt roads, fire roads, single- and double-track trails), long distances, substantial vertical elevation gain, obstacles, and limited opportunities to stop for in-race nutrition. PURPOSE: To date, gravel racing has not been scientifically examined to determine the demands of the sport. Data from cycling road races indicate substantial fluid loss, which may impair exercise performance. This study assessed …

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Inhibition Of Chromium(Iii) Oxidation Through Manganese(Iv) Oxide Passivation And Iron(Ii) Abiotic Reduction, Miranda L. Aiken, Macon J. Abernathy, Michael V. Schaefer, Ilkeun Lee, Samantha C. Ying Nov 2023

Inhibition Of Chromium(Iii) Oxidation Through Manganese(Iv) Oxide Passivation And Iron(Ii) Abiotic Reduction, Miranda L. Aiken, Macon J. Abernathy, Michael V. Schaefer, Ilkeun Lee, Samantha C. Ying

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Manganese (Mn) oxides are strong oxidants that are ubiquitous in soils and can oxidize redox-active metals, including chromium (Cr). In soil environments, trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is a benign, immobile micronutrient, whereas the hexavalent Cr(VI) form is present as a highly mobile, toxic chromate oxyanion. Although many studies have characterized the capacity of Mn(III/IV) oxides to oxidize Cr(III) to toxic Cr(VI), the oxidative capacity of Mn oxides in the presence of potentially passivating soil constituents, specifically reduced soluble iron (Fe(II)aq), remains unresolved. We hypothesized that chemical processes at redox interfaces, such as diffusion-limited environments within soil aggregates, can lead to decreased …

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