Digital Commons Network^™

Cool-Season Perennials And Stability In Year-Round Forage Production Systems, C. D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Changes in long-term climate normals have resulted in warmer and wetter summers and milder winters in the humid eastern United States. This will likely impact regional forage species adaptation in the long-term and varietal adaptation in the short term. Variety evaluation has been occurring at the University of Kentucky for almost 100 years. There are several considerations for selecting forage species and varieties including regional and local adaptation, productivity, distribution of growth, palatability, nutritive value, anti-quality factors, tolerance to stress, and persistence. Two of the most important criteria are long-term productivity and persistence under grazing, both of which are currently …

Effect Of The Hydrological Keyline Design On The Growth And Quality Of The Naturalized Grassland In The Dry Central Zone Of Chile, P. Toro-Mujica

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The effect of climate change in the central, semi-arid zone of Chile has altered precipitation patterns, shortening the growing season of the naturalized annual grasslands and reducing forage yields. Water harvesting techniques such as the hydrological keyline design, may improve the distribution of precipitation, reduce erosion, and enhance soil water harvesting. It may therefore reduce the impact of climate change in rainfed areas. A trial was implemented to evaluate the effect of the keyline water harvesting practice on soil variables, and pasture production and quality in three farms of the semi-arid O'Higgins region. Rains began in April and amounted to …

Diet-Mediated Heart Disease Risk Via The Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review Of Human Intervention Studies, Emily Bolton

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Evidence-Based Intervention For Decreasing Chronic Kidney Progression In Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Lynn M. Johnson

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The overall management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM II) and the complications that accompany along with comorbidities are debilitating and financially exhausting. The American Diabetes Association dietary recommends a consistent low-carbohydrate diet to maintain optimal blood glucose levels to prevent complications and progression of other comorbidities. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus leads to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which can lead to the progression to End Stage Renal Disease.

PICOT: In patients in the outpatient setting aged 18 years and older(P), how does the ADA dietary guidelines for patients with type II DM(I) compared with patients self-reported …

Protracted Respiratory Failure In A Case Of Global Spinal Syringomyelia And Chiari Malformation Following Administration Of Diazepam: Illustrative Case, Luke Bauerle, Brandon Rogowski, Aakash Shingala, Habib Emil Rafka, Timothy Webb, Brian F. Saway, Edward F. Kilb, Julio A. Chalela, Nathan C. Rowland

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

BACKGROUND: Syringomyelia is defined as dilation of the spinal cord's central canal and is often precipitated by skull base herniation disorders. Although respiratory failure (RF) can be associated with skull base abnormalities due to brainstem compression, most cases occur in pediatric patients and quickly resolve. The authors report the case of an adult patient with global spinal syringomyelia and Chiari malformation who developed refractory RF after routine administration of diazepam.

OBSERVATIONS: A 31-year-old female presented with malnutrition, a 1-month history of right-sided weakness, and normal respiratory dynamics. After administration of diazepam prior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), she suddenly developed …

Exploring Pathways To Food Science Careers In Southern California: A Case Study In Food Science Career Development, Jeremy L. Hsu, Sarah Ahles, Lilian W. Senger, Anuradha Prakash

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Southern California is a diverse region that is home to a high concentration of food science companies, with an increasing demand for additional food scientists and technologists to join this workforce. Despite this abundance of food science companies and the high demand for jobs, there is currently a shortage in the number of qualified food scientists and technologists in the region. This shortage is also observed within higher education, with declining enrollments in the food science graduate and undergraduate programs across Southern California. Here, we conduct a case study to explore the factors that influence students from Southern California to …

A Spatial Data Analysis Of Tennessee Accountability School Designations (Tasd) And Their Social, Economic, And Academic Make-Up, Taylor Ray Tartera

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This study looks closely at geography in education and the impact it has on the schools in Memphis, Tennessee. The location of a school can directly correlates with how successful the school will be- both with proficient test scores as well as funding and support from community stakeholders. Specific schools in Tennessee receive Tennessee Accountability School Designations (TASD). These designations are given to the highest and lowest-performing K-12 public schools in Tennessee. Memphis is Tennessee’s largest school district with a list of 36 schools who received a TASD for low-performing; while on the contrary, 44 schools earned a TASD for …

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor – A Key Player In The Gastrointestinal System, Arjun Singh

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is highly expressed throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and plays a critical role in the regulation of intestinal motility, secretion, sensation, immunity, and mucosal integrity. Dysregulation of BDNF signalling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various GI disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, and diabetic gastroenteropathy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of BDNF localization, synthesis, receptors, and signalling mechanisms in the gut. In addition, current evidence on the diverse physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of BDNF in the control of intestinal peristalsis, mucosal transport processes, visceral sensation, neuroimmune interactions, gastrointestinal mucosal …

Radiofrequency Inactivation Of Salmonella In Black Pepper And Dried Basil Leaves Using In-Package Steaming, Surabhi Wason, Rossana Villa-Rojas, Jeyamkondan Subbiah

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Radiofrequency (RF) heating has been extensively studied for pasteurizing low‐moisture foods. Currently, bulk foods are treated with radiofrequency; potential cross‐contamination may occur during packaging of pasteurized products. As an alternative, in‐package RF processing was evaluated for Salmonella inactivation on black peppercorns and dried basil leaves and prevention of cross‐contamination during storage postprocessing. Inpackage steaming refers to the process in which the samples were heated in a steam vent package to generate and retain steam during the treatment. This treatment achieved good heating uniformity which could be because of the circulation of steam within the package. One‐way steam vent allowed the …

Extraction Of Knowledge From Uncertain Data Employing Weighted Bipolar And Neutrosophic Soft Sets, Sonali Priyadarsini, Ajay Vikram Singh, Said Broumi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

The Social And Emotional Experiences Of Gen Z Who Are Caring For An Older Family Member, Alisa C. Norris

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Prediagnostic Selenium Status, Selenoprotein Gene Variants And Association With Breast Cancer Risk In A European Cohort Study, David J Hughes, Lutz Schomburg, Mazda Jenab, Carine Biessy, Catherine Méplan, Aurelie Moskal, Qian Sun, Kamil Demircan, Veronika Fedirko, Elisabete Weiderpass, Maryam Mukhtar, Anja Olsen, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Matthias Schulze, Therese Haugdahl Nøst, Guri Skeie, Karina Standahl Olsen, Fulvio Ricceri, Sara Grioni, Domenico Palli, Giovanna Masala, Rosario Tumino, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Pilar Amiano, Sandra M Colorado Yohar, Antonio Agudo, Maria-Jose Sánchez, Eva Ardanaz, Malin Sund, Anne Andersson, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Ruth Travis, Alicia K Heath, Laure Dossus

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Selenium (Se) may help prevent breast cancer (BC) development. Owing to limited observational evidence, we investigated whether prediagnostic Se status and/or variants in the selenoprotein genes are associated with BC risk in a large European cohort. Se status was assessed by plasma measures of Se and its major circulating proteins, selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), in matched BC case-control pairs (2208 for SELENOP; 1785 for GPX3 and Se) nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, n = 452) in 55 selenoprotein and Se metabolic pathway genes and an additional …

The Effect Of Social Support On Social Media On Asian College Students' Intention To Participate In Physical Activity In The United States, Ni Zhang, Kele Ding, Chulwoo Park, Jane Vo, Katrina Marie Cantos

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: College students who identified themselves as Asians in the United States (i.e., Asian college students) are facing health inequalities and engaging in increasingly low levels of physical activity (PA). Although social support was found to be effective in increasing college students' PA and social media is an important channel for social support for Asian students, few studies have explored how to provide social support through social media interventions to promote Asian students' PA level. Thus, this study aimed to explore the effects of social support on social media on Asian college students' intention to participate in PA based on …

The Role Of Vitamin D In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Vedolizumab, Bincy P Abraham, Christopher Fan, Theresa Thurston, Joshua Moskow, Hoda M Malaty

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Many clinical factors can contribute to the efficacy of medical therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). We assessed their effects on the efficacy of vedolizumab therapy in a cohort of patients with IBD.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on patients between 18 and 80 years of age with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) who were seen in the IBD program at Houston Methodist in Houston, TX and treated with vedolizumab for at least 6 months from 2018 to 2022. We investigated factors prior to the initiation of therapy that best predicted treatment response, with an emphasis …

Safety And Immunogenicity Of Etvax®, An Oral Inactivated Vaccine Against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Diarrhoea: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Amongst Finnish Travellers To Benin, West Africa, Anu Kantele, Marianna Riekkinen, T Sakari Jokiranta, Sari H Pakkanen, Jukka-Pekka Pietilä, Anu Patjas, Mari Eriksson, Tamim Khawaja, Peter Klemets, Kati Marttinen, Heli Siikamäki, Anna Lundgren, Jan Holmgren, Agneta Lissmats, Nils Carlin, Ann-Mari Svennerholm

Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: No licensed human vaccines are available against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a major diarrhoeal pathogen affecting children in low- and middle-income countries and foreign travellers alike. ETVAX®, a multivalent oral whole-cell vaccine containing four inactivated ETEC strains and the heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB), has proved promising in Phase 1 and Phase 1/ 2 studies.

Methods: We conducted a Phase 2b double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial amongst Finnish travellers to Benin, West Africa. This report presents study design and safety and immunogenicity data. Volunteers aged 18-65 years were randomized 1:1 to receive ETVAX® or placebo. They visited Benin for 12 …

Dietary Analysis For Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis: An Integrative Review, Evan Thompson, Alison Hultquist

Master of Science in Nursing Final Projects

Abstract

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is the leading cause of primary hypothyroidism in the United States. In HT, there is an infiltration by lymphocytes which leads to the production of autoantibodies against the thyroid gland. Throughout this integrative review, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation and dietary management as adjunct treatments in HT. The purpose was to assist primary care providers in the development of a more holistic plan of care. Literature published within the past seven years was gathered and reviewed from PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. Findings indicate that many patients with HT may benefit …

Blue Economy Coastal Resources: Economic Valuation And Governance For Achieving Sustainable Development Goals, Unmana Sarangi

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

The research paper entitled "Blue Economy Coastal Resources its Economic Valuation and Governance for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals" is an attempt to define and analyze the concept of Blue Economy, Coastal Resources, its Economic Valuation and Governance and its implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) slated by United Nations. The research study covers aspects such as development of coastal resources for building a blue economy to achieve SDGs, economic valuation of coastal resources to develop appropriate and suitable mechanisms for achieving healthy ocean and its importance for current and future generations, sustainability of coastal resources and coastal management …

Spectral Reflectance Indices Associated With Biomass Production Of Cold Stress Resistant White Clover Genotypes Collected In Argentine And Chilean Patagonia, Hernán Acuña, Luis Inostroza, Catalina Vásquez, Joel Ibañez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the main forage legume species in grazing pastures in central and southern Chile and many other temperate regions of the world. Its growth rate is limited by low temperature, therefore, the selection of cold stress resistant genotypes is an important step for breeding cultivar to improve the clover growth curve and extend the grazing season in early spring and autumn. The main objective of this experiment was to determine the relationship between phenotypic traits, measured by the high-throughput phenotyping procedures based on canopy reflectance at different wavelengths (spectral reflectance indices, SRIs), and dry …

Plantain (Plantago Lanceolata L.) Growth Islimited Under Waterlogging, S. S. Wilson, Daniel J. Donaghy, D. J. Horne, Soledad Navarrete, P. D. Kemp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.; PL) is becoming an increasingly important component of New Zealand dairy pastures because of its ability to reduce nitrogen losses to the environment. However, widespread suggestions of its poor persistence, have led to industry concern over its suitability for dairy systems. Anecdotal evidence suggests that PL does not cope well in waterlogged soil, yet there is little scientific literature relevant to this issue. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of waterlogging stress on PL growth and survival. In a glasshouse, the performance of PL under waterlogging was evaluated against perennial …

Impact Of The Brachiaria Hybrids On Both Soil Health And Carbon Stock On Livestock Production, A. Silva, T. Madeira, D. Florian, E. A. Pizarro, R. N. Jauregui, G. Lobato, A. Santi, D. Fagundes, F. Pinheiro, A. Rieger, A. Cagliari

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Pastures occupy 30% of Earth and 80% of the entire agricultural area of the planet. To ensure food to the world and contribute to the quality of the environment, pasture-based animal production systems will also have to undergo through a more intense evolution. The intensification of tropical grasslands is an important strategy of land utilization in developing countries, contributing to increase production and minimize environmental impact through the best management practices. In this sense, the use of Brachiaria hybrids represents an excellent option, since combining the best traits of different Brachiaria species, with higher nutritive value, forage, and seed yield. …

Evaluating Functional Diversity As Potential Early-Warning Indicator Of Rangeland Degradation, L.-M. Schwarz, C. P. Carmona, M. C. Bilton, F. Munyebvu-Chambara, K. Behn, A. Linstädter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Droughts and overgrazing play a crucial role in the degradation of semi-arid rangelands. This is evident in the loss of palatable long-lived grass species and bush encroachment. Early warning indicators are needed to mitigate long-term degradation and decline in essential forage provision. Functional diversity provides valuable information on ecosystem health. However, functional diversity indices have not yet been tested regarding their applicability as early warning indicators, revealing non-linear threshold behaviour. We therefore examined the following questions: (1) How do functional diversity indices respond to grazing pressure? (2) Does land tenure affect the relationship between functional diversity and grazing pressure? (3) …

Integrating Grazing With 2,4-D And Florpyrauxifen To Control Broadleaf Weeds And Maintain Red Clover Productivity In Grass-Legume Pastures, M. J. Renz, G. M. Imhoff

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In grass-legume pastures, 2,4-D-amine + florpyrauxifen-benzyl controls broadleaf weeds but red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is eliminated. Grazing within a week prior to herbicide application is likely to reduce leaf surface area and may reduce red clover injury and maintain productivity. Experiments were conducted in 2020 and in 2021 to determine if red clover could be productive when 560 g ae ha^-1 2,4-D-amine + 6.3 g ae ha-1 of florpyrauxifen-benzyl with 1% v/v methylated seed oil applied in the spring was grazed before or after herbicide application. Grazing timings occurred 6, 4, or 2 days prior to herbicide …

Enhancing Milk Production Of Lactating Camels In Kenya Via Supplementation Of The Invasive Cactus (Opuntia Stricta) In The Diet, W. O. Owino, Lucy W. Ikanya, J. G. Maina, C. K. Gachuiri, José C. B. Dubeux Jr.

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Climate change leading to prolonged and recurrent droughts, changes in land use, primarily settlement of pastoralists, followed by overgrazing and subsequent land degradation, has made the highly drought resistant opuntia flourish and be aggressively invasive in the Kenya’s rangelands. Camel keeping has increasingly replaced cattle as a climate adaptation strategy and also as a result of a steady increase in demand for camel milk due to the associated nutritional and health benefits,To address the challenge of lack of pasture during prolonged drought, there is the need to utilize the invasive cactus as fodder. The invasive cactus can be a kind …

Perceived Fatigue And Physical Activity Enjoyment Following Indoor And Outdoor Moderately Heavy Superset Resistance Training, Korina K. Ziegler, Aaron Mckenzie, Wesley Ziegler, Spencer Maxwell, Bryson Carrier, Charli Aguilar, Alexandra Routsis, Talon Thorton, Jae Bovell, Setareh Zarei, Devin Green, Kathryn Lei A. Lavin, Amanda Hawkes, Jeffrey Cowley, Merrill Funk, James W. Navalta Facsm, Marcus M. Lawrence

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ACSM has again determined that resistance training (RT) and outdoor activities are two of the top ten worldwide fitness trends for 2023. We previously found that RT outdoors had a significantly lower perception of effort (RPE) compared to indoor RT, despite no physiological differences in heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE). However, no study has examined other feelings during RT in indoor or outdoor settings. PURPOSE: To determine how indoor or outdoor environments effect perceptions of fatigue and physical activity enjoyment following RT in recreationally resistance trained adults. METHODS: Twenty-three adult participants (n=10 female, n=13 male) completed …

Repetition Count Concurrent Validity Of Various Garmin Wrist Watches During Light Circuit Resistance Training, Wesley F. Ziegler, Bryson Carrier, Charli D. Aguilar, David Pearce, Jocelyn M Graffius, Brynlie Ellingford, Wyatt Fullmer, Jeffrey Cowley, Merrill Funk, Nathaniel Bodell, James W. Navalta Facsm, Marcus M. Lawrence

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Wearable technology and strength training with free weights are two of the top 5 fitness trends worldwide. However, minimal physiological research has been conducted on the two together and none have measured the accuracy of devices measuring repetition counts across exercises. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity of four wrist-worn Garmin devices, Instinct (x2), Fenix 6 Pro, and Vivoactive 3, to record repetition counts while performing 4 different exercises during circuit resistance training. METHODS: Twenty participants (n=10 female, n=10 male; age: 23.2 ± 7.7 years) completed this study. Participants completed 4 circuits …

Normative Does Not Mean Inclusive: A Diverse Approach To Size In Cmhc Training, Courtney Boggs, Melinda Rule, Kassie R. Terrell, Madison Brantley, Hanadi Hamadi, Jenifer M. Ross

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The medicalized model of weight and weight loss upholds a Weight Normative Approach which assumes that: (a) weight and disease are positively and causally related, (b) weight loss correlates to better health, (c) bodyweight is controllable, and (d) significant weight loss is possible and sustainable. This approach contributes to harmful societal standards that increase prejudice against fat people. This study examined counselor educators’ (n=88) training, values, and implementation of size and fat phobia-related content in their CACREP-accredited counseling courses. Results indicated that many participants include size and sizeism in their courses; however, participants also reported agreement with tenants of Weight …

Vicuñas’ (Vicugna Vicugna Mensalis) Diet Composition Under Community Management In The Puna Grasslands, Katherine Capuñay, Samuel Pizarro, Javier Ñaupari

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of the present study was to determine the composition of the vicuña (V. vicugna mensalis) diet at the end of the drought period (November, 2019) in the San Cristobal de Lucanas Community, in the department of Ayacucho, Peru. Eight sites were chosen, where vicuñas were observed grazing in Pajonal (tussock grassland), Cesped (short grassland), Pajonal-Cesped and Tholar-grass. For the botanical composition of the diet, fecal samples were collected in 80 dung piles, which were prepared for microhistological analysis and determined the plants consumed in the vicuña’s diet. The botanical composition of the diets in the different …

Grass Diversity And Pasture Quality Baseline Assessement In Central Madagascar, O. P. Nanjarisoa, L. Randriamanalina, Wayne F. Truter, M. T. Rajaonah, C. E. R. Lehmann, C. Birkinshaw, L. Rakotonirina, D. Miarinjanahary, N. L. Raharinirina, M. S. Vorontsova

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Poaceae family contributes to Madagascar’s biodiversity hotspot with 217 of 541 grass species endemic to the island, although their forage value is unknown, at least in the scientific literature. Our research aims 1) to describe the diversity of native and endemic grasses thereby recognising the role of grass species diversity in forage and ecosystem management and 2) to provide new knowledge about pasture management based on the relationship between grazing capacity and productivity within experimental pastureland plots under different fire and grazing treatments. Our study seeks to provide information to inform improvements in livestock nutrition via grazing management of natural …

Effects Of Proximity To Roads On Tissue Surface Ph, Conductivity And Heavy Metal Contents Of A Grazing Grass Species, C. Munyati, M. S. Mathole

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Globally, road networks are expanding in the countryside. Though beneficial to society, the roads potentially have detrimental effects on grazing quality. The effects are seldom quantified. In this study Eragrostis lehmanniana, a common native grazing grass in parts of the world, was examined for indicative data on the impacts of roads on grasses. Aboveground tissue samples were collected monthly on three occasions during the growing season, at the same respective locations near three high traffic highways. Non-senescent specimens were sampled along transects of up to 400 m perpendicular to the highways, starting from the road edge and then at …

Screening Annual Ryegrass For Increased Tolerance To Blast (Pyricularia Oryzae), C. M. Adams, B. S. Baldwin, J. L. Morrison

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Annual ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. spp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot] is a high-quality forage utilized heavily in the Southeast for pasture and grazing. Gray Leaf Spot (Pyricularia oryzae) is a fungal pathogen that infects gramineous species and is a common problem in perennial and annual ryegrass stands. This study was designed to screen for resistance to P. oryzae in the annual ryegrass cultivar Vertyl (PI 619473, FRA) and a heat-tolerant germplasm (HTARG5) derived from Marshall (PI 600770, USA) with intent to use recurrent phenotypic selection to crossbreed the two accessions. Marshall was also included as a susceptible reference …