Digital Commons Network^™

Do Apoe4, Malnutrition, And Long Covid-19 Compound The Risk Factors For Stroke In Adverse Environments?, Alexander Vasconcelos Buzaglo, Carlos Meton De Alencar Gadelha Vieira, Gabriella Cunha Vieira Ciurleo, Ludmila Belayev, Reinaldo B. Oriá

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Student Nurse Experiences Of Retention Strategies And The Perceived Contribution To Academic Progress, Jessica Dugas

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There is a worldwide nursing shortage that has been heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Several factors have contributed to the worsening shortage, including high attrition rates in nursing programs. Retention strategies have been suggested to support nursing students during their education to have success and graduate. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study was to explore how nursing students experience retention strategies and their perceived contributions to academic progress. Bandura’s social cognitive theory was the theoretical framework used to guide the study. Data were collected from one-on-one interviews with 12 nursing students recruited using purposeful and snowball sampling. Data were …

Addressing The Importance Of Counseling For Adolescents Experiencing Homelessness Participating In Homeless Assistance Programs, Justin Corey Singleton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The number of youths experiencing homelessness has increased significantly over the years. The mental health of youth experiencing homelessness is of great concern due to the high disparity rates of depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders in comparison to their peers that have a home. A positive support factor can help youth by interceding during a time of need. Identifying that support can be challenging for youth as their cognitive functioning is often deregulated due to untreated mental illnesses. Concepts from the Ecobiodevelopmental Theory address the importance of counseling services assisting youth with establishing healthy and supportive outcomes by identifying …

Trust Criteria For Artificial Intelligence In Health: Normative And Epistemic Considerations, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Benjamin H Lang, Jared Smith, Meghan Hurley, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) in healthcare raise pressing questions about how much users should trust AI/ML systems, particularly for high stakes clinical decision-making. Ensuring that user trust is properly calibrated to a tool's computational capacities and limitations has both practical and ethical implications, given that overtrust or undertrust can influence over-reliance or under-reliance on algorithmic tools, with significant implications for patient safety and health outcomes. It is, thus, important to better understand how variability in trust criteria across stakeholders, settings, tools and use cases may influence approaches to using AI/ML tools in real settings. As …

Hyaluronan Mediates Cold-Induced Adipose Tissue Beiging, Xi Chen, Yifan Wang, Huiqiao Li, Yanru Deng, Charlise Giang, Anying Song, Yu'e Liu, Qiong A Wang, Yi Zhu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Adipose tissue beiging refers to the process by which beige adipocytes emerge in classical white adipose tissue depots. Beige adipocytes dissipate chemical energy and secrete adipokines, such as classical brown adipocytes, to improve systemic metabolism, which is beneficial for people with obesity and metabolic diseases. Cold exposure and β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist treatment are two commonly used stimuli for increasing beige adipocytes in mice; however, their underlying biological processes are different. Transcriptional analysis of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) has revealed that changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway genes are specific to cold exposure. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a non-sulfated linear …

Effect Of Beef Heifer Development Systems Utilizing Corn Residue And Late Summer Planted Cover Crops On Growth, Reproductive Performance, And Economics, Hannah F. Speer, Robert A. Cushman, Harvey Freetly, Jay Parsons, Jessica Windh, M. E. Drewnoski

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth and reproductive performance of heifers developed using 3 different winter systems in the midwestern U.S. Spring-born heifers (n = 1,156; 214 d of age; SD ± 17 d) were used in a 3-yr study to evaluate performance in winter development systems, which utilized cover crop (CC) and corn residue grazing. Heifers were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: grazing corn residue with 0.77 kg/d dried distillers grains (CD) or 1.69 kg/d wheat midds (CW) supplementation followed by a grower ration in the drylot, or grazing late summer planted oat-brassica CC followed …

Comments Re: Draft Nih Intramural Research Program Policy: Promoting Equity Through Access Planning, Fred Ledley M.D., Edward Zhou Pharmd., Paula Chaves Da Silva Ph.D.

CISI Publication

We commend the NIH initiative to require that licensees of technologies that enable discovery or development of FDA-approved products arising from the NIH intramural program to include an Access Plan to promote “product affordability, availability, acceptability, and sustainability” and recognition that such protections are essential to ensuring a “return on taxpayers' investment in biomedical research.” Recognizing the complexity of anticipating appropriate terms for products that are in pre-clinical or early clinical development at the time of licensing, we also support the proposal that the Access Plan be submitted in late-stage clinical development, though we argue that …

First-In-Human Dose Escalation Trial To Evaluate The Clinical Safety And Efficacy Of An Anti-Magea1 Autologous Tcr-Transgenic T Cell Therapy In Relapsed And Refractory Solid Tumors, Martin Wermke, Tobias A W Holderried, Jason John Luke, Van K Morris, Winfried H Alsdorf, Katrin Wetzko, Borje S Andersson, Ignacio I Wistuba, Edwin R Parra, Mohammad B Hossain, Sandra Grund-Gröschke, Katrin Aslan, Arun Satelli, Anantha Marisetty, Swapna Satam, Mamta Kalra, Jens Hukelmann, M Alper Kursunel, Karine Pozo, Andreas Acs, Linus Backert, Melissa Baumeister, Sebastian Bunk, Claudia Wagner, Oliver Schoor, Ali S Mohamed, Andrea Mayer-Mokler, Norbert Hilf, Delfi Krishna, Steffen Walter, Apostolia M Tsimberidou, Cedrik M Britten

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

RATIONALE OF THE TRIAL: Although the use of engineered T cells in cancer immunotherapy has greatly advanced the treatment of hematological malignancies, reaching meaningful clinical responses in the treatment of solid tumors is still challenging. We investigated the safety and tolerability of IMA202 in a first-in-human, dose escalation basket trial in human leucocyte antigen A*02:01 positive patients with melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1)-positive advanced solid tumors.

TRIAL DESIGN: The 2+2 trial design was an algorithmic design based on a maximally acceptable dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) rate of 25% and the sample size was driven by the algorithmic design with a maximum of …

Meet The 2024 Sustainability Fellows, Sustainability Institute

Sustainability Institute Blog

No abstract provided.

Optimization Design And Experimental Research Of Sandwich Seaweed Tunnel Baking Equipment, Yu Chao, Chen Shufa, Niu Shuoshuo, Liu Yang, Qi Hengyang, Zhan Zhaoya

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to solve the practical problem of uneven temperature distribution in the tunnel and easy adhesion of sandwich seaweed to the conveyor belt. Methods: The structure of tunnel baking equipment for sandwich seaweed and the software and hardware of fuzzy PID temperature control system were designed in this study, the baking device model was established based on the boundary conditions set in the actual production environment, after that, the CFD simulation optimization experiments was performed on the temperature field inside the tunnel. Results: The simulation experiment showed that the parameter combination of evenly arranged heating tubes, 30 heating …

Effects Of In Vitro Simulated Digestion On Antioxidant Components And Activities Of Walnut Shell And Distraction Wood, Du Xin, Zhang Xinyue, Wang Fang, Luo Qin, Xie Qing, Zhao Yingqiong, Liu Yuxiao

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to make full use of walnut by-products. Methods: Ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction method was used to extract the antioxidant components of walnut shell and distraction wood. The changes of antioxidant components (total phenols and total flavonoids) and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, Iron reduction antioxidant capacity-FRAP and ferrous ion chelating activity) of walnut by-products extract during the simulated digestion were studied in vitro, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: The total phenols(TPC), total flavonoids(TFC) content, and antioxidant activity of distraction wood were always higher than those of walnut shells (P＜0.05). After simulated …

Optimization Of The Preparation Process And Antioxidant Activity Analysis Of Blueberry Juice By Wet Ultrafine Grinding Process And Compound Enzymolysis Method, He Wanying, Dan Li, Zhao Liangzhong, Huang Zhanrui, Long Zhanqian

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the preparation process of blueberry juice and improve its antioxidant activity. Methods: Blueberry juice was prepared using a wet ultrafine grinding process and compound enzymolysis method. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters and analyze the antioxidant activity of blueberry juice. Results: There were significant differences in the juice yield and active substance content of blueberry juice under different solid-liquid ratios, crushing times, compound enzyme contents, and enzymatic hydrolysis times, with enzymatic hydrolysis time having the most significant impact on juice yield and anthocyanin content. The optimal process parameters for the …

The Therapeutic Effect Of Yam Polysaccharide On Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis In Mice, Su Wei, Chen Hongpeng

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of Yam Polysaccharide (YP) on ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. [Methods] The study included a blank group, YP group, DSS group, and DSS+YP group. The UC model was established by administering DSS water solution, and the treatment group received oral administration of YP for 7 days. Measurement of body weight, DAI score, inflammatory factors in the colon, NLRP3 inflammasome, and HE staining were conducted to evaluate the effects. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h to establish the cell inflammation model in vitro. A certain concentration of …

Machine Learning Prediction Of Copper Ion Interference With Mercury Ion Fluorescence Signals In Food Heavy Metal Detection, Song Fangliang, Liang Ying, Dong Jie, Wang Xuejie, Qian Jie

Food and Machinery

Objective: To construct an artificial intelligence prediction model to predict the selectivity of fluorescent probes for Hg²⁺ in a complex food testing environment in the presence of Cu²⁺ interference. Methods: Fluorescent probe technology combined with seven advanced classical machine learning models was used to predict and analyze the selectivity of the probe for Hg²⁺ in the presence of Cu²⁺ interference, and to compare the prediction effect of each model and select the optimal model. Results: Efficient models with accuracies of 0.786 and 0.810 in the cross-validation and test sets were successfully established based on Molecular 2D …

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Preparation And Activity Analysis Of Antioxidant Peptides Derived From Walnut Dregs, Ni Ce, Cao Tianhong, Chen Min, Yu Xun, Wu Hao, Wen Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study focused on the identification and activity analysis of antioxidant active peptides in walnut dregs protein hydrolysates. Methods: Protein was extracted from walnut meal by fractionation method, and five kinds of proteolytic enzymes, including trypsin, papain, neutral protease, alkaline protease and flavor protease, were used to hydrolyze the proteins. The antioxidant activity of trypsin hydrolysate （TH）, papain hydrolysate （PH）, dispase hydrolysate （DH）, alcalase hydrolysate （AH） and flavourzyme hydrolysate （FPH） were evaluated and compared. The in vitro antioxidant activity of different concentrations of AH was determined by the detection indexes of DPPH free radical scavenging rate, ABTS free radical …

Determination Of Seven Nicotinamide Compounds In Health Products, Wu Ziling, He Minheng, Huang Jiale, Cai Xiayi, Sun Wenwen

Food and Machinery

Objective： This study aimed to establish an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of 7 nicotinamide compounds in health food. Methods： The samples were dissolved in 10% methanol water, extracted by ultrasonic, and 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate-acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase of gradient elution. The seven nicotinamide compounds were monitored by ESI, positive and negative ion scanning mode, and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Results： The 7 nicotinamide compounds showed good linearity in the mass concentration range, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.996. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.075~0.600 mg/kg, the …

Research And Application Status Of Molecular Simulation Technology In Food Field, Bi Xinjian, Wen Shiyu, Qu Tingmin, Wu Hao, Xie Yufei, Wen Li

Food and Machinery

In the food field, a large number of phenomena and problems that are difficult to be macroscopically explained by traditional experimental methods occur during the process of research and development in upstream laboratories to production in downstream factories. Molecular simulation techniques are not only efficient and cost-effective, but also an important tool for connecting micro and macro scales, because molecular models can be used to study molecular behaviors at the atomic level, and thus predict and explain experimental results. This review summarized the commonly used software and databases for molecular simulation techniques, and introduced their applications in recent years in …

Effects Of Lipid Concomitants On The Stability Of Rapeseed Oil Nanoemulsions, Zhao Wenshuo, Tang Zhonghai, Guo Shiyin, Xiao Hang, Fan Wei

Food and Machinery

Objective： Clarifying the effects of lipid co-passengers on the stability of rapeseed oil emulsions and prepare high-stability nano-emulsions. Methods： The endogenous lipidassociated compounds of rapeseed oil were subjected to column chromatography filtration, followed by various concentration gradient re-addition. High-pressure microfluidization was utilized to prepare nanoemulsions, which were subsequently characterized. The influence of lipid associated compound content on the stability of rapeseed oil emulsions was also investigated. Results: The preparation of rapeseed oil nanoemulsions reached optimal conditions when the α-tocopherol content was 292 mg/kg, rapeseed polyphenols content was 32 mg/kg, β-sitosterol content was 6 712 mg/kg, and β-carotene …

Research And Development Of Multifunctional Cooking Test Platform Combining Negative Pressure And Superheated Steam, Zeng Mingjian, Zhao Yadong, Xu Fengying, Liu Tianyi, Zhang Peiyao, Jiang Zhuo

Food and Machinery

Objective: To design a multifunctional cooking experimental platform with negative pressure and superheated steam, providing consumers with greener, healthier, and more diverse cooking methods. Methods: The research status of integrated cooking equipment was analyzed, and the application status of superheated steam and negative pressure technology in the food industry was summarized and analyzed. The performance parameters of the multifunctional cooking experimental platform were determined. Based on the characteristics of each function of the experimental platform, the cooking chamber, furnace door and other components were designed, and the overall plan of the experimental platform was developed. Results: The multi-functional cooking experimental …

Development Of High Efficiency Hazelnut Shell Breaking Machine, He Ting, Liu Ke, Zhang Rui, Ren Guangyue, Liu Zhaohan

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to solve the phenomenon of low mechanical shelling efficiency and high kernel breakage rate of hazelnut, a vertical cone shell breaking machine was designed with automatic adjustment of clearance through compression spring. Methods: The key structure of the shell breaker was composed of three core components: the vertical cone inner roller, the slatted screen outer roller and the pressure spring device, and the stress of the hazelnuts in the shelling cavity of the shell breaker was analyzed. Results: The main parameters of the vertical cone hazelnut shell breaker were determined: the taper of the uniform cone was …

Non Destructive Detection Of Kiwifruit Sugar Content Based On Improved Woa-Lssvm And Hyperspectral Analysis, Zhang Kai, Zhu Lifang, Li Rulin, Wang Ziyi

Food and Machinery

Objective: Addressing the issues of poor accuracy and low efficiency in non-destructive testing methods for kiwifruit sugar content. Methods: Proposing a non-destructive testing method for kiwifruit sugar content that combined hyperspectral detection technology, least squares support vector machine, and improved whale algorithm. By collecting hyperspectral information of kiwifruit through a hyperspectral detection system, after preprocessing and feature wavelength screening, and then input into an improved whale algorithm optimized least squares support vector machine model to achieve rapid and non-destructive detection of kiwifruit sugar content, and verify its performance. Results: The proposed method could achieve rapid and non-destructive detection of kiwifruit …

Study On The Mechanism Of Boschniakia Rossica Polysaccharide Inhibiting The Activation Of Inflammasomes And Pyroptosis In J774a.1 Macrophages, Zhang Tian, Xu Hui, Quan Jishu, Jin Aihua

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Boschniakia rossica polysaccharides （BRPS） on the activation of inflammasome and pyroptosis of J774A.1 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and adenosine triphosphate （ATP）. Methods: The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome model was established by stimulating J774A.1 macrophages with LPS and ATP. Cell viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8, the release of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） was tested with the microplate method, the cellular level of NLRP3 and cell membrane damage were detected using the immunofluorescence staining method, and the secretion of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） was …

Optimization Of Cellulase-Assisted Extraction Of Volatile Oil From Acorus Tatarinowii And Study On Its Inhibitory Components On Gaba-T Activity, Fang Chengwei, Ma Xiuping, Chen Liang, Li Qian

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to establish a hollow fiber ligand fishing method for screening γ- Aminobutyrate transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitory component from the volatile oil of Acorus tatarinowii. Methods: Based on optimizing the enzyme assisted extraction process of volatile oil from A. tatarinowii using response surface methodology, GABA-T solution was injected into the hollow fiber lumen and used as a "bait" to fish out the potential active components in A. tatarinowii volatile oil, and its GABA-T inhibitory activity was verified. Results: The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions of volatile oil from A. tatarinowii were as follows: cellulase content …

Characterization And Analysis Of The Volatile Components Of Cyclocarya Paliurus Tea From Different Origins Based On Gc-Ims Technology, Lou Jie, Zuo Yaqian, Tian Xing

Food and Machinery

Objective: To investigate the differences in volatile odor substances of Cyclocarya paliurus tea from different origins. Methods: Taking Cyclocarya paliurus tea from Changde, Zhangjiajie, Shaoyang in Hunan, Xiushui in Jiangxi, Qiandongnan in Guizhou, and Enshi in Hubei as the research subjects, the gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to investigate the characteristics of different volatiles and their similarities in green strychnine teas from different origins. Results: A total of 120 VOCs, including monomers of some substances and their polymers, were detected in Cyclocarya paliurus tea from different origins, which were 34 …

Study On Physicochemical And Gel Properties Of Five Kinds Of Minor Bean Flours, Piao Shenghu, Yuan Jieyao, Xu Li, Liu Yanlan, Yi Cuiping

Food and Machinery

Objective: To explore the potential of minor beans as ingredients for starch gel foods. Methods: The basic compositions were analyzed, as well as the hydration, pasting, and gel properties of five kinds of minor bean flours, including mung beans, peas, white kidney beans, red beans, and chickpeas. Results: The water absorption index （WAI） of Mung bean powder at 90 ℃ and the water solubility index （WSI） at 40 ℃, the water absorption was better. In gelatinization results, mung bean powder had the highest recovery value, and showed good gelatinability. The results showed that the hardness and chewability of mung bean …

A Comparative Study On The Quality And Flavor Of Dromedary And Bifocal Camel Yogurt, Li Yang, Chen Shuxing

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to analyze and compare the quality and flavor of dromedary and bifocal camel yogurt. Methods: Through physicochemical analysis, texture analysis, rheological analysis, SPME-GC-MC, sensory evaluation, etc., the overall differences in quality and flavor of dromedary and bifocal camel yogurt were determined. Results: The viable bacteria count, protein, fat, total solids content, and antioxidant activity of dromedary camel yogurt were lower than those of bifocal camel yogurt （P<0.05）, but it exhibited better storage stability than bifocal camel yogurt （P<0.05）. Texture analysis showed that the hardness of bifocal camel yogurt was significantly higher than that of dromedary camel yogurt （P<0.05）, while the adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and gumminess of dromedary camel yogurt were significantly higher than those of bifocal camel yogurt （P<0.05）. No significant differences were found in elasticity and chewiness between the two. Rheological characteristics showed that both single and bifocal camel yogurt exhibited shear-thinning flow characteristics, with initial apparent viscosity values of 5.82 and 2.33 Pa·s, respectively. Both formed thixotropic loops, with areas of 2 421.82 and 3 674.16 Pa/s, respectively. The exhibited gel properties, with dromedary camel yogurt having higher elasticity and viscosity. A total of 48 volatile flavor substances were detected in single and bifocal camel yogurt, with significant differences in the content of volatile flavor substances shared by the two camel yogurt types （P<0.05）. The content of volatile acids, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and other substances with lower flavor thresholds was relatively higher in bifocal camel yogurt, making its flavor superior. The sensory evaluation score of dromedary camel yogurt was higher than that of bifocal camel yogurt （P<0.05）. Conclusion: Bifocal camel yogurt has higher nutritional and flavor substance content, while dromedary camel yogurt exhibits superior storage stability and taste.

Research Progress On Transparency Mechanism Of Egg White Heat Gel, Lu Xinhong, Xiang Xiaole, Yu Zhuosi, Chen Le, Dong Shiqin, Li Zixiao

Food and Machinery

Protein-based gels have attracted much attention due to their unique advantages in the field of food and medicine due to their optical transparency. Transparent gels are expected to become high-end protein-based gel foods similar to bird 's nest or their processing excipients （ materials ）. Exploring the difference mechanism of optical properties of egg white thermal gels is expected to become the key to overcome the high-quality utilization of egg white gels. In this paper, the formation mechanism and influencing factors of egg white gel transparency were reviewed. The formation mechanism of egg white thermal gel was analyzed in depth, …

Antimicrobial Peptide-Coupled Silver Nanomaterials And Their Applications In Medical And Food Fields, Xie Runsheng, Li Peijun, Jiang Yuqiu, Cao Xingye, Li Haiyun, Su Donglin

Food and Machinery

Due to antimicrobial activity, nanoparticles (NPs) in combination with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be used to kill drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Nanosilver (AgNPs) has broad-spectrum and efficient antimicrobial properties, multiple bacterial inactivation mechanisms, and the ability to fine-tune the conjugation on the surface of antimicrobial peptide-conjugated silver nanoparticles (AMP-AgNPs), which results in higher biosafety of AMP-AgNPs. The review summarized the latest research progress of AMP-AgNPs conjugates and discussed the synthesis method, antibacterial activity, mechanism of action, hemolytic toxicity of AMP-AgNPs conjugates, as well as their applications in medical and food fields. The future development direction of AMP-AgNPs conjugates was also prospected.

Research Progress On The Changes In Flavor Substances During Black Garlic Processing, Mao Hantao, Li Hui, Yin Shixian, Rong Zhixing, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

Black garlic is produced through the fermentation of fresh garlic under conditions of high temperature and humidity, wherein various chemical reactions occur, gradually diminishing the pungent odor associated with garlic and imparting the distinctive sweet and sour flavor characteristic of black garlic. This article reviews the changes in chemical components and flavor substances during the processing of black garlic, discusses the key factors that influence the evolution of its aroma profile, and analyzes the flavor characteristics of black garlic.

Research Progress On The Extraction Process Of Natural Components From Zanthoxylum Bungeanum And Its Application In Food, Qu Yanfeng, Guo Xiaochan, Tang Jiatong, Wan Ruining, Zhang Hanbing

Food and Machinery

Zanthoxylum bungeanum is native to China and is a traditional food seasoning and traditional Chinese medicine. It plays an important role in food processing and disease prevention. In this article, the research progress of Z. bungeanum and its extracts in recent years is illustrated, the active components, extraction methods of extracts and application in food processing are analyzed, and the physiological activity, extraction method, and application in food storage, condiment and other food of Z. bungeanum extracts are discussed, the Z. bungeanum and its extracts in the food industry are prospected.