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Investigating The Sequence Requirements For Translation Initiation By Viral Internal Ribosome Entry Sites, Sabrina Gulli Grunseich

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Protein synthesis is both essential and highly regulated. This process is complex and requires the concerted effort of many protein factors. Some viruses have evolved ways to co-opt host translation during initiation by using internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs). These structured RNAs allow the virus to bind to the host's ribosome in the absence of canonical requirements. This dissertation focuses on relating the sequence of viral IRES elements to their role in initiating translation. The Cricket Paralysis Virus (CrPV) IRES is short, uses a simple mechanism, and can function in diverse cell-free systems making it a useful tool to study …

Cure Newsletter Volume 4 Issue 2, Department Of Oncology

Cancer Updates Research & Education (CURE) Archives

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Perception Of Middle School Counselors About How To Increase The Enrollment Of Minority Students, Specifically African American And Hispanic, In The Health Science Curriculum At Empire High School, Charles S. Robertson

Doctor of Education Dissertations

This study explored the perceptions of middle school counselors regarding strategies to increase enrollment of minority students, specifically African American and Hispanic, in the health science curriculum at Empire High School. Utilizing a mixed methods convergent parallel design, this research integrated both quantitative and qualitative data to provide a comprehensive understanding of counselor viewpoints, existing barriers, and potential solutions. Lewin’s Change Model, as outlined by Burnes (2019), provided the theoretical framework for the analysis, guiding it through the stages of unfreezing existing mindsets, implementing change, and refreezing new practices. Quantitative data were collected via surveys administered to middle school counselors …

A Phenomenological Exploration Of Students' Perceptions Of Social-Emotional Factors In Teacher-Student Relationships And Its Impact On Academic Achievement Of Impoverished High School Youth, Jeannine L. Carrington

Doctor of Education Dissertations

This phenomenological study explored the experiences of former students from a Title I high school in a disadvantaged urban community, focusing on how socio-emotional factors in teacher-student relationships influenced academic achievement. Grounded in Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory and the CASEL (2017) social-emotional learning (SEL) framework, the study examined how teacher encouragement, emotional support, and expectations impacted student motivation and persistence. Twenty alumni participated in semi-structured interviews, analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis. Five themes emerged: teacher encouragement, emotional support, high expectations, cultural awareness, and long-term impact. Findings suggest that emotionally supportive, trusting relationships foster self-efficacy, engagement, and …

Teacher And Parent Perspectives Of Young Children's Development Since The Covid-19 Pandemic In A Rural Public School District, Regina L. Lineback

Doctor of Education Dissertations

Face to face education for young children was interrupted in March of 2020 due to mandatory school closures precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Virtual learning was forced upon teachers and students at a time when many families and teachers had limited or no access to internet. When face to face learning resumed, teachers and students were required to wear facial masks and maintain social distancing protocols. This study sought to explore teacher and parent perspectives of young children’s development in a rural public school district since the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study was completed using teacher interviews, a teacher focus …

Development Of The Human Brain Networks During Infancy, Huili Sun

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In early infancy, the human brain undergoes rapid network construction and remodeling. Advances in neuroimaging have made non-invasive, in-vivo observation of these brain changes possible during the perinatal period. However, how the brain develops to support dynamic activity and cognitive function remains unclear. In this thesis, I leverage the network control theory to model brain controllability - the capacity to drive activity changes - and examine its role in neurodevelopment. I first outline the developmental trajectories of controllability during the perinatal period and link them to synaptogenesis with cross-species models. Next, I introduce a machine-learning framework to explore how white …

Exploration Of The Mechanisms Regulating Genomic Stability In Plants, Wenxin Yuan

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Genomic stability is a cornerstone of cellular integrity, with implications spanning genetic engineering, epigenetic regulation, and disease modeling. However, most studies rely on yeast or mammalian models, leaving significant gaps in our understanding of plant chromatin biology and genome stability mechanisms. Exploring the conserved and divergent processes regulating genome stability in plants has become increasingly important, especially as global climate change threatens crop yields and biodiversity. Furthermore, the developmental resilience of plants provides a unique opportunity to study genes essential in mammals, offering translational insights for agriculture and human health. This dissertation investigates the molecular and genetic mechanisms underpinning T-DNA …

From Individuals To Ecosystems: The Role Of Intraspecific Variation And Phenotypic Plasticity In Ecosystem Function, Nathalie Rose Sommer

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Understanding how organisms shape ecosystems is a central goal of ecology, particularly in an era of rapid environmental change. While ecosystem models have traditionally emphasized species-level diversity and abiotic controls, this dissertation provides evidence that trait variation within species—driven by phenotypic plasticity and transgenerational effects—can have consequences for ecosystem structure and function. Intraspecific variation is increasingly recognized as a key component of biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships, yet its effects remain underrepresented in empirical studies and predictive frameworks. By integrating multigenerational field experiments, multi-trait assessments, and detailed ecosystem measurements in a long-term, well-characterized study system, this dissertation bridges evolutionary ecology and ecosystem …

A Program Evaluation Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports In A Rural Title I Elementary School, Thomasina L. Curenton

Doctor of Education Dissertations

This study evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of a Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) in a rural Title I elementary school. PBIS, multi-tiered framework, uses proactive strategies to enhance academic and behavioral outcomes. While effective in fostering positive school climates and reducing exclusionary discipline, implementation fidelity remains challenging, particularly in resource-constrained school settings. Teachers often face barriers like insufficient training and resources. Using a mixed methods approach, this study analyzed PBIS’s impact on student behavior, teacher preparedness, and school climate. Quantitative data included office discipline referrals and teacher surveys, while qualitative data were gathered through interviews and focus groups. …

Postpartum Depression In Adolescent Mothers: Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Screening Tools, Social And Cultural Interventions, Ysabella M. Co

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Pregnancies among adolescents is often an outcome of improper sex education and understanding. It is vital to provide mothers with the proper medical care and resources throughout their pregnancy and postpartum period to prevent any risks or harm from occurring. With the complexities and stressors of pregnancy at such a young age, it is important for healthcare to provide resources regarding postnatal depression diagnoses and interventions, especially to a population that is at risk for mental health issues. Objective: To provide adolescent mothers thorough medical care and lessen the risk of experiencing postpartum depression. By providing frequent …

Evaluating The Mental Health Of Newly Graduated Nurses In Transition From Undergraduate Training To Professional Practice, Victor Louis C. Alinas

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: There is an increasing demand for nurses worldwide as healthcare systems slowly recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, there is a high turnover of registered nurses and an even higher turnover in the demographic of newly graduated nurses. Newly graduated nurses (NGNs) are constantly faced with high levels of stress upon starting out in the professional environment and as a result of mental burnout and inadequate preparation, there is a notably high turnover of newly graduated nurses within their first year of employment. Purpose: This research aims to use existing information on the transition from undergraduate training to professional …

Paternal Negative Lifestyle Choices Affect On Maternal Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes: Bmi, Smoking, Drinking, Domestic Violence, Partner Involvement, Estrella Lopez

Nursing | Senior Theses

Paternal lifestyle choices are often overlooked yet are a crucial factor in maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes. While maternal health behaviors have been the primary focus that determines a healthy pregnancy and child outcomes, this thesis explores how a paternal's (father's) harmful behaviors such as high body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exposure to domestic violence, and lack of partner involvement, can contribute to diminishing the health of both mother and baby. After analyzing six research articles, this thesis revealed how a father's negative lifestyle choices affect maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Using a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive design, …

Optimizing Endogenous Glp-1 Holistically: A Nursing Led Approach To Sustainable Weight Loss Without Glp-1 Agonist Use, Taylee A. Carscadden

Nursing | Senior Theses

The increase in off-label Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist drugs, such as semaglutide (Ozempic), for weight loss has sparked concern in regards to the not fully understood drug outcomes and safety. GLP-1 agonists were originally developed to manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, but have been widely prescribed for obesity management despite minimal research on prolonged use in non-diabetic patients. This study explores how off-label use of GLP-1 agonist drugs exacerbate various adverse health outcomes, highlighting gastrointestinal complications, and the very possible dependency on drugs for weight management. It will also examine the efficacy of nursing-led education on the implementation of …

Evaluating Pulmonary Tuberculosis Knowledge Deficits Among Nursing Students In The United States, Jamie Lynn Woo

Nursing | Senior Theses

The healthcare field consistently faces patients with a wide range of diseases and illnesses. Pulmonary Tuberculosis is an infectious lung disease with established tools to prevent, detect, and treat it. Yet, there has been a significant rise in cases within the past year. Amidst this troubling situation, it is crucial that all healthcare workers, nursing students, and nurses in particular, are properly educated on caring for TB patients. This research proposal aims to determine if there are TB treatment knowledge gaps among nursing students in the United States by conducting a 20-question survey utilizing the Likert Scale. If results show …

Nurses’ Perception On The Gut-Brain Axis And Its Implications On Mental Health, Geethika Manoj, Celine Bautista

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Most medical interventions recommended for patients with anxiety and depression include pharmacological treatments and psychotherapy. Thus, undermining the existence of modifiable risk factors, such as diet. Despite being an area of growing research, the gut-brain axis is a very broad topic among the healthcare field. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate registered nurses’ perceptions and understanding of the gut-brain axis and its implications for mental health management. Methods: This proposed exploratory descriptive study will conduct research among fifteen registered nurses, each with at least two years of experience in specialties such as gastroenterology, psychiatry, or hospital …

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Postpartum Depression And Suicide Prevention In Asian Women, Emily Tan

Nursing | Senior Theses

Purpose

This paper examines the impact of a culturally centered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and postpartum depression (PPD) education on reducing PPD which will prevent maternal suicide among Asian American mothers. There is stigma around PPD among Asian American mothers, and there’s a lack of research on culturally sensitive interventions. This emphasized the need for nurses to promote help-seeking practices and reduce mental health stigma in this community.

Methods

This quantitative true experimental design aims to evaluate the effectiveness of culturally competent CBT in reducing PPD thus ultimately decreasing maternal suicide. The sample will consist of 120 postpartum Asian American …

Optimizing Discharge Education For Patients With Heart Failure, Connie-Rose Pangan

Nursing | Senior Theses

Noncompliance can be a result of a lack of comprehension of discharge instructions and a lack of concise, effective educational resources. Due to this deficit, patients with heart failure are less likely to comply with their discharge protocol and are therefore more likely to be readmitted to the hospital. The aim of the study is to consolidate a teaching method that accommodates one's existing educational barriers, implement follow-up to increase knowledge retention and improve self care, and prevent readmission among HF patients. Two hundred hospitalized, English-speaking patients with heart failure above 65 years old across 20 US Hospitals will be …

Impact Of Whole Foods Diet On Cognitive Functions In Children From Low-Income Families With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd), Jasmine Le

Nursing | Senior Theses

Purpose

Current studies have examined dietary interventions for ADHD, emphasizing the value of good nutrition, the lack of nutritional foods in schools, and the difficulties low-income families have finding healthy options. Nutritious food has been shown to enhance cognitive abilities, yet many low-income households still lack access to it. This quantitative research will provide vital information for nurses and healthcare professionals on how they can assist these populations.

Methods

A quantitative randomized controlled design study will be conducted, with students separated into an experimental and control group. The objective will be to evaluate the effects of nursing nutrition education and …

Reducing Levels Of Compassion Fatigue Among Generation Z Hospital Nurses, Kailani Yee

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: Compassion fatigue is a critical issue and one of the many difficulties encompassed within the nursing profession. It affects a large number of registered nurses who work in hospital settings and who are constantly exposed to the suffering of others. With more young nurses entering the workforce, it's imperative that there is a better understanding of how to properly address this issue among the youngest generation of nurses: Generation Z, or those born between 1997-2012.

Objective: This research proposal aims to explore the most effective strategies to decrease levels of compassion fatigue in Generation Z nurses working in hospital …

Delayed And Misdiagnosed Endometriosis, Teresa Doyle

Nursing | Senior Theses

Aim: This research investigates whether targeted education can improve the early diagnosis of endometriosis, a chronic condition affecting around 10% of women of reproductive age. Unfortunately, endometriosis is often misdiagnosed, delaying treatment, prolonging discomfort, and lowering quality of life. Healthcare practitioners' knowledge gap is addressed by this study, which examines whether organized training promotes awareness and diagnostic accuracy. This research proposal evaluates an educational intervention developed to improve gynecological experts' knowledge and diagnostic skills. The main research issue is whether the intervention reduces misdiagnosis and improves patient outcomes. A quasi-experimental design will examine participants' knowledge and diagnosis accuracy before and …

Understanding Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (Arfid) In Autistic Children Through Parent’S Lens, Lisette Oviedo

Nursing | Senior Theses

This research reviews and proposes a study to assess parents' knowledge about their children with a dual diagnosis of autism and Avoidant-Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) with the intent to develop future care strategies that are both person-centered and family-centered.

Silent Chains: Family And Religious Systems As Foundations Of Child Slavery And Labor In Ghana (1775-1956), Patricia Esi Quainoo

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

This study explores the often-overlooked role of children in slavery and forced labor in Ghana, emphasizing their exploitation in domestic service, agriculture, and other labor sectors. While existing scholarship often subsumes children within broader narratives of slavery, this research highlights their distinct experiences and their crucial role in sustaining Indigenous slavery. It argues that child slavery in Ghana was reinforced by familial practices such as the pawnship system, religious obligations like the trokosi system, and the reliance on family farms, where children served as producers and carriers of cocoa. Additionally, missionaries employed children as laborers in mission stations, schools, and …

Resource Map Of Expenditures For Tennessee Children And Youth, Annual Report To The Legislature 2025, Tennessee. Commission On Children And Youth.

Resource Map Report

No abstract provided.

High-Dose Beta-Alanine Supplementation For Two Weeks Did Not Enhance Intermittent Endurance Or Sprint Performance In Trained Futsal Players, Hossein Miraftabi, Erfan Berjisian, Marzieh Nouri Dizicheh, Alireza Naderi, Masoud Bodaghi, Majid Koozehchian, Fatemeh Shabkhiz, Alvaro Lopez-Samanes

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a high-dose beta-alanine (BA) supplementation on physical performance, blood lactate concentration, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in trained futsal players. Methods: Sixteen trained futsal players participated in a randomized, parallel, double- blind experiment, completing a two-week supplementation period with either 12 g/day of BA (n = 8; age: 19 ± 2 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.03 m; body mass: 68.5 ± 5.4 kg) or a placebo (PLA) (n = 8; age: 18 ± 1 years; height: 1.74 ± 0.08 m; body mass: 65.6 ± 6.4 kg). Athletes completed the futsal …

Dose–Response Effects Of Short-Term Rhodiola Rosea (Golden Root Extract) Supplementation On Anaerobic Exercise Performance And Cognitive Function In Resistance-Trained Athletes: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, And Placebo-Controlled Study, Majid Koozehchian, Andrew T. Newton, Gina Mabrey, Faith M. Bonness, Rafaela Rafajlovska, Alireza Naderi

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Background: Rhodiola rosea (RR) is marketed as an adaptogen; however, evidence for acute/short-term effects—and especially dose–response effects—in trained adults across performance and cognition is limited.

Objective: Test whether RR improves resistance performance (strength, power) and executive function in resistance-trained adults using a randomized crossover with placebo and a capsule-free baseline.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial with four conditions—no-capsule control (CON), placebo (PL), low-dose RR (LDRR), and high-dose RR (HDRR). Twenty-seven resistance-trained adults completed the conditions. Day-7 testing included bench press (BP) and leg press (LP) 1-repetition maximum (1RM); a third set to failure at 60% 1RM with set-3 …

Evaluating The Impact Of Orientation On Study Approaches Among First-Year Medical Students: A Quantitative Study In A Rural Us Medical School Using The Modified Assist Questionnaire, Kodjo Agbowou, Dmitry Tumin, Robert Lust, David Gilbert

Health Professions Education

This study explores the impact of medical school orientation on student’s adoption of deep and strategic study approaches. At our rural Southeastern US medical school, the 2023 orientation was redesigned to include comprehensive sessions on study resources, time management, and curriculum structure.

Method

To evaluate the changes in students' study approaches, we used the modified Approaches to Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) questionnaire before and after orientation. Thirty-seven students completed the pre-orientation survey, and 17 provided complete data for analysis.

Results

At baseline, students showed a stronger preference for the strategic learning approach (median score: 26, IQR: 25–28) compared …

Acceptability, Facilitators And Barriers To Video-Based Learning At A Community Health Officers’ Training School In Nigeria, Mobolanle Balogun, Babatunde Akodu, Tope Olubodun, Victoria Yesufu, Anirejuoritse Chima-Oduko, Olabisi Oderinu, Diane Shoemaker

Health Professions Education

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the acceptability, facilitators and barriers to video-based learning (VBL) among community health officers (CHOs)-in-training and tutors in a Nigerian school, prior to the introduction of a video-based curriculum.

Methods: This was a mixed-methods cross-sectional study conducted among CHOs and tutors at the CHO training school of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). A survey assessed students’ acceptability of VBL using an adapted framework that integrated Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Technology Acceptance Model. Six key informant interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted among tutors and students respectively. Quantitative data was analysed …

Elevated Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratios In Schizophrenia: Insights From A Precision Medicine Cohort (Preprint), Alec J. Pupo, Connor J. Stinson, Chinwendu Madukwe, Stephanie H. Felgoise

Internal Medicine Resident Research

Systemic inflammation has been increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a readily available marker of systemic inflammation, has not been thoroughly investigated in large, demographically-matched schizophrenia cohorts. Using data from the All of Us Research Program, we analyzed participants with schizophrenia (n = 396) matched to controls (n = 396) by sex, race, and age. NLR was calculated as the ratio of each participant’s median neutrophil count to median lymphocyte count across all available measurements, excluding extreme values (NLR > 7). Distribution normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and group differences were evaluated with the …

Annual Reports Of The Selectboard And Other Town Officers, Charlestown, N.H., For The Year Ending December 31, 2024, Charlestown Town Representatives

Charlestown, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 2025, Southeast South Dakota Research Farm

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This is an annual report of the research program at the Southeast South Dakota Research Farm in cooperation with the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the SDSU College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences and has special significance for those engaged in agriculture and the agriculturally related businesses in the ten-county area of Southeast South Dakota. The results shown are not necessarily complete or conclusive. Interpretations given are tentative because additional data resulting from the continuation of these experiments may result in conclusions different from those based on any one year.