Digital Commons Network^™

Assessment Of Nutritional And Mental Health Status Of Institutionalized Geriatric People, K. Remitha Joyce, Sheila John, Sarah Jane Monica

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Health and nutritional assessment of the institutionalized geriatric population is essential in providing better health care.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the institutionalized geriatric population’s nutritional and mental health status.

METHODOLOGY:

One hundred elderly people aged 60 years and above residing at Little Drops – Old Age Home, Mangadu, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, were selected for the study. General information was obtained using a structured interview schedule. Nutrient intake was assessed using the three day dietary recall method. Standard methods were used to measure anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical parameters. Mental health was assessed using the Depression, anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42) …

Clinicoepidemiological Profile Of Severe Acute Malnutrition Children Admitted To The Nutritional Rehabilitation Center Of A Tertiary Care Center In Davangere A Retrospective Study, Shalini Hurlihal, G. S. Vidya, R. Varalakshmi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major public health problem which the world is facing right now. Nineteen million children in the world are suffering from SAM. The current study was undertaken to study the clinicoepidemiological profile and the treatment outcome of SAM children admitted to the nutritional rehabilitation center (NRC).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A retrospective record-based study was carried out in children with SAM and those who were admitted to NRC during the period of 1 year (March 2018–2019) were included in the study. One hundred and eighteen children were included in the study.

RESULTS:

Seventy-one (60.16%) belonged …

Determinants Of Overweight And Obesity Among Adolescent Students In North Karnataka, Mahaling Mallikarjun Hulagbali, Sangeeta N. Kharde

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Globally, childhood and adolescent obesity prevalence has reached alarming levels with grave public health consequences. It is believed that a sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of calorie-dense and low-nutritional-value foods are two of the most significant etiological factors contributing to the rising prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE:

The main objective was to study the contributing factors (determinants) of obesity among adolescent students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to October 2019 among 1050 schoolchildren from different schools in Belagavi. The results used for comparison were based on descriptive statistics, …

Comparative Evaluation Of Surface Roughness Of Herbal Denture Cleansing Tablet Containing Essential Oils Of Tulsi And Lemongrass, 0.12% Chlorhexidine Digluconate, And Commercially Available Denture Cleansing Tablet On Heat Cure Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base Resin An, Harpreet Singh Manaktala, Raghunath Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Poor denture hygiene is a risk factor for oral infections and systemic dissemination. Denture cleanliness is essential to prevent malodor, poor esthetics, and the accumulation of plaque/calculus with its deleterious effect on the mucosa. Denture base resins become colonized by several microbial species in the oral cavity. There are number of tablets, pastes, and powders available for cleaning dentures with a variety of manufacturer’s claims for their relative efficacies. The increase in the use of denture cleaners can lead to more wear of the heat cure polymethyl surface leading to surface roughness. The increase in the surface roughness of …

Influence Of Systematic Training On Morphophysiological And Motor Ability Profiles Of Indian Young Male Kayakers, Tamoghni Manna, Snehunsu Adhikari, Alak Kumar Syamal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Little information is there on the training effect on junior Indian kayakers. Hence, it is of great interest to explore the influence of systematic training on morphophysiological and motor ability profiles of Indian young male kayakers.

AIMS:

The aim of this study was to find out such a training intensity that would be suitable for junior athletes to reach the zenith of their success.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This was carried out in the center of Jagatpur, Sports Authority of India on 11 male kayakers. The training program was divided into eight phases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Body height, body weight, …

Age At Marriage And First Birth Interval A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anushri Pradip Patil, Naresh K. Tyagi, Jang Bahadur Prasad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Age at marriage is one of the proximate determinants of fertility. Women with early age at marriage experiences early motherhood, associated with high fertility, low education, and rural residence accompanied with poverty. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate age at marriage and factors affecting it and its effect on first birth interval (FBI) using systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODOLOGY:

Inclusion criteria were availability of full- and free-text articles, published in English language, and current married age of mother being 13 years and above. PubMed and Google search was used for systematic review for the …

Adverse Drug Reactions To First-Line Antituberculosis Drugs At Four Dots Centers In Goa, India, Rupchandra Navelkar, Ian Antao Pereira, Frederick Satiro Vaz

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can cause significant morbidity and can compromise the treatment regimen. This can result in substantial additional cost due to added outpatient visits to the health facility or laboratory investigations or hospitalization in serious instances. Treatment is often prolonged with additional challenge of compliance. Hence, there is a need to monitor and manage these ADRs timely for better patient care and outcome. This study was carried out with the objective of studying the pattern of ADRs due to first-line antitubercular drugs and to carry out the causality and severity assessment of the reported ADRs.

METHODOLOGY: …

Evaluation Of Efficacy Of 0.1% Of Chlorine Dioxide Mouthwash Against Oral Malodor – A Pilot Study, Prajakta Brahmankar, Shweta Shivayogi Hugar, Vinayak R. Kumbhojkar, Neelamma Shetti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Oral malodor, also known as halitosis or bad breath can be defined as an offensive odor that emerges from the oral cavity and can be easily detected by others. The etiology of halitosis is multifactorial and can include several intra- and extraoral factors such as gingivitis, periodontitis, chronic sinusitis, nasal inflammation, diabetes mellitus, lung carcinoma, liver insufficiency, cirrhosis, uremia, trimethylaminuria, and postnasal drip. Chlorine dioxide associated with chlorite anion results in the oxidative consumption of amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, which are precursors of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). Thus, it can reduce the concentrations of VSCs which …

Value Of Interdisciplinary Approach In The Management Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Periodontitis, And Tooth Loss Narrative Review, Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa, Harsha Mysore Babu, Sona Elizabeth Chacko, Ashwini Jithendra, M. Srinath Kenkere

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 2 and periodontitis have been studied for several years. In this review, the bidirectional effects on both these chronic inflammatory diseases have been evaluated. Both the diseases are known to exacerbate the pathophysiology of each other and reduce the quality of life of individuals suffering from these conditions with added risk factors. Increased blood sugar levels act adversely on dental plaque and the immune system causing inflammation leading to periodontitis and bone loss which in turn affects insulin sensitivity. Identifying and treating one of these conditions will help in reducing the severity of …

Complexities Of Immune- Regulation In Covid- 19, Harish Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Sociopsychological And Biochemical Determinants Of Health And Disease In Executive Health Check-Up, A. B. Kudachi, M. B. Nagmoti, S. K. Rajshree, R. S. Mudhol

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Preventive health check-ups are known to be associated with significant reductions in morbidity, mortality, and economic costs related to various diseases, especially chronic lifestyle diseases that progress silently.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective is to evaluate the sociopsychological and biochemical issues of health and disease in executive health check-up as well as to employ them for encouraging people to utilize the available preventive health services.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study enrolled 768 individuals aged >20 years, irrespective of their gender, reporting for an executive health check-up and evaluated their demographic profile, morbidity, type of family, diet and socioeconomic status, biochemical …

Suicidal Behavior During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Finding Of An Indo-Nigerian Online Survey, Krittika Sinha, Tosin Philip Oyetunji, Sudha Mishra, Huma Fatima, Aathira J. Prakash, Nitika Singh, G. Srinivasan, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the mental health and is associated with high suicidal behavior. This study is an effort to scrutinize suicidal behavior among general population in two countries, namely India and Nigeria.

METHODS:

This was an online survey conducted on 536 adult participants (272 from India and 264 from Nigeria) over a period of six months. It was conducted using a snowball sampling method. The participation in the survey was entirely voluntary. Current suicidality was measured among the participants. Data were collected in two countries only.

RESULTS:

Feeling of hopelessness over the past one …

Vitamin D Status Of Children At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Agartala, North-East India A Cross-Sectional Study, Elvia Jamatia, Sankar Roy, Arpita Das, Portia Dewan, Tapan Debnath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has been reported in the pediatric population from the different parts of the country. However, there is a lacuna of data on the Vitamin D status of children from the north-eastern part of the country.

AIMS:

The aim of this study is to assess the serum Vitamin D level and also to find out the prevalence of VDD among children and adolescents in Agartala, a major city in North-east India.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

Cross-sectional descriptive study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The serum 25 (OH) D levels of 258 children from age 1 to …

Prevalence Of Chronic Periodontitis Among The Residents Of Phc In Belagavi And Its Association With Systemic Disease – A Cross-Sectional Study, Dronesh Chettri, Anjana Bagewadi, Mubashir Angolkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Chronic periodontitis is much more common than the general public realizes. In the US, about 80% of adults have at least one attachment loss site and about 35% of the population suffers from severe chronic periodontitis. Surprisingly, only a small portion of this population seeks periodontal care. In terms of oral health treatment, India has a lot of inequalities, and periodontitis affects 95% of the population. In rural areas, the dentist-to-population ratio of about 1:200000 necessitates the development of dental infrastructure at the primary health-care level. Periodontitis affects about 20%–50% of the global population.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional analysis was …

A Prospective Study Of Etiology And Clinical Characteristics Of Children With Short Stature And Response To Treatment, Vijay Sheker Reddy Danda, Madhavi Verpula, Srinivas Rao Paidipally, Krishna Reddy Thaduri, Piyush Lodha, Sandeep Reddy Devireddy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

To study the etiological and clinical profile of children presenting with short stature and to assess growth velocity in children after 6 months of treatment.

METHODS:

This prospective observational study was conducted between January 2017 to May 2018. One hundred consecutive children attending the outpatient department for short stature were thoroughly evaluated clinically and investigations were done as deemed necessary. The cases were followed up for 6 months to assess the growth velocity.

RESULTS:

Female to male ratio was 1.56. Nutritional short stature (NSS) and normal variant short stature were the most prevalent, with the equal frequency of 19% …

Impact Of A Particular Diet On The Nutritional Status And Glycemic Response Of Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients – An Analytical Study, Yellesh Pothula, S. S. B. Sharma, A. Krishnaiah, Purna Singh Addanki

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous primary disorder of carbohydrate metabolism with multiple etiological factors that generally involve absolute or relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance or both. All causes of diabetes ultimately lead to hyperglycemia, which is the hall mark of this disease syndrome. Nutrition and diet play a critical role in the course of disease, in the controlling hyperglycemia in addition to drugs in diabetes mellitus patients.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess nutritional status of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and glycemic response to the given type of food as compared to normal individuals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Out of 40 …

Obesity And Heart Rate Variability A Cross-Sectional Study In Obese Young Adults, B. A. Soumya, Renu Lohitashwa, Vidya M. Nadiger

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Obesity is one of the important causative factors for multiple co-morbid conditions that can lead to metabolic and cardiac disorders. Many research studies indicate the association of obesity and sudden cardiac deaths.

AIMS:

This study was aimed to evaluate the cardiac autonomic nervous system activity, given by the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy obese young adults.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This cross-sectional study included thirty obese young adult males of 18–25 years and 30 age-matched healthy adult males. Power spectral analysis of HRV was used to determine the autonomic imbalance.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

HRV was performed using …

Study To Evaluate The Role Of Surgical Management In Acute Osteomyelities In Children, Shrihari L. Kulkarni, Sunil Mannual, Naveenkumar Patil, Manjunath Daragad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is predominantly seen in children, accounting for 1% of all hospital admissions. It is a limb-and life-threatening condition with variable presentation, requiring prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment. Sequential intravenous and oral antibiotics, immobilization, surgical drainage and symptomatic measures are main treatment modalities for management of this condition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of surgical management in acute osteomyelitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Twenty-five children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were collected and examined. Follow-up records of patients were analyzsed to note …

Factors Affecting Outcome In Neonates With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia At Tertiary Care Center, Nandkishor Dhanvantrao Shinde, Vinod Uplaonkar, Vaishnavi Koneru, Maria Akhtar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major congenital anomaly requiring surgical intervention after birth. Due to improvements in antenatal diagnosis and perinatal management with well advanced neonatal intensive care, there are better overall survival rates in the developed countries. However, the outcome is still poor in developing countries where multiple factors contribute to higher morbidity and mortality.

AIM:

The aim of the study is to evaluate various factors affecting the perioperative management and their outcome in neonates with CDH.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This descriptive observational study was conducted over a period of 4 years. Neonates who underwent surgery for …

Obesity Among The Urban Poor Evidence From A Community-Based Study Among Adults Residing In An Underprivileged Area Of Bengaluru City, India, Avita Rose Johnson, Sakthi Arasu, Mitchell Singstock, Nancy Angeline

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Obesity is increasing among the urban poor and is a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of obesity among adults over the age of 30 years in an underprivileged community of Bengaluru city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an underprivileged area of Southern Bangalore. Sociodemographic details, diet, and lifestyle risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded and World Health Organization Asian cutoffs for body mass index (BMI) …

Nutrition Insights In Covid-19, Harpreet Kour, Richa Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The COVID-19 is compromising individuals' immunity to a larger extent, it becomes imperative to strengthen and support the immune system with the right nutrition. Immune functioning can be improved through the right nutrition. Hence, adequate nutrition becomes paramount in leveling up the immune functioning through higher and wider Immunoglobulin generation. This review article is attempted to highlight the importance of nutrition during compromised immunity as in the case of COVID-19.

“Mothers Knowledge And Attitude On Feeding Of Banked Human Milk Among Infants” With View To Develop An Information Booklet”, Hussainbi A. Tahasildar, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Donor breastfeeding is the best natural feeding. Especially in high-risk and preterm infants, donor breast milk is the best source of nutrition. The benefits of breastfeeding for the neonates are already known; when mother breast milk is not flowing due to some medical conditions, then the alternative best source donor breast milk.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers on feeding of banked human milk among infants and also to find out associations with sociodemographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

The study was conducted at KLE'S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital among 100 postnatal mothers …

Dietary Aldose Reductase Inhibitors And Prevention Of Diabetic Complications, Ameena Anjum, Janamolla Sreeja, Yarlagadda Swapna, Rajesh Bolleddu, Sama Venkatesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to the development of complications such as cataracts, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Several mechanisms are supposed to be involved in this process such as increased aldose reductase (AR)-related polyol pathway, increased formation of advanced glycation end products, and excessive oxidation stress in the body. AR is the principal enzyme of the polyol pathway in the development of secondary complications of diabetes, and its inhibition provides a significant strategy to prevent these complications. Synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have been developed, but they suffer drawbacks and safety issues demanding research on natural sources for potential …

Effect Of Panchatikta Ksheera Basti With Kati Basti In Katishoola W. S. R Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Clinical Study, Neelam Kaalia, Santosh Kumar Bhatted, S. H. Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Low back pain is the most common clinical presentation in musculoskeletal disorder due to spinal pathology. Factors such as improper sitting postures, jerky movements in travel, sports activities, aging, and bad sleeping posture are the important factors to produce spinal disorders. Lower back pain has been associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Aims:

This clinical study was carried out to judge the effectiveness of

Panchatikta

Ksheera

Basti

(medicated herbal therapeutic enema) with

Kati

Basti

in lumbar disc degeneration-induced

Katishoola.

Settings and Design:

This was an open-labeled, single-arm, interventional clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

Fifteen diagnosed cases of low …

A Study Of Association Between Breastfeeding And Iron-Deficiency Anemia Status In Infants And Young Children Between 0 And 2 Years, Amit Magadum, G. T. Sowjanya, M. B. Koujalagi, C. R. Banapurmath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Iron deficiency is one of the biggest contributing factors to the global burden of anaemia. It is an indicator of both poor nutrition and poor health. Results of recent basic research support the concerns that IDA during infancy and childhood can have long lasting detrimental effects on neurodevelopment.

Objective:

To study contributing factors for IDA in infants and young children between 6-24 months.

Study Design:

A case control study.

Participants:

Children aged between 6-24 months, admitted or attended OPD in paediatric wards of 3 hospitals attached to JJM medical college.

Intervention:

No intervention was involved in this study.

Outcomes: …

Analysis Of Gut Bacterial Community Composition In Obese And Lean Indian Participants By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Tej Bahadur, Rama Chaudhry, Vishwa Deepak Bamola, Alka Mohan Chutani, Anil Kumar Verma, Jaishree Paul

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Human gut microbiota consists of variety of microbes which play vital role in the host development, physiology and homeostasis. Alteration in gut microbial composition or dysbiosis may lead to various diseases and lifestyle disorders including obesity. Since gut microbiota varies with differences in dietary habits and geographical locations therefore studies are required to look into the gut microbial diversity in Indian obese and lean subjects whose dietary habits and geography are different from the western world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the microbial diversity in obese and lean Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Subjects with similar …

Prostate-Specific Antigen An Overview And Its Current Status In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Siddalingeshwar Neeli, Manas Sharma, Abhijit Musale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), which has high organ specificity and poor cancer specificity, has been widely utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer; though it is not an ideal tumor marker. Its extensive usage in screening programs has resulted in a large number of unwanted biopsies, over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent cancers as well. Hence, various PSA derivatives and PSA-based tests have evolved to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis. This article provides an overview of PSA and PSA-based biomarkers and their current role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

How Physically Active Are Women In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Physical Activity In Pregnancy And Its Outcomes Among Women Delivering At A Rural Maternity Hospital In South India, Madonne Ruina Dishani, Avita Rose Johnson, Merlyn Joseph, Manisha James, Preeti Lakra, Naveen Ramesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Physical activity influences perinatal outcomes. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity of 150 min/week during pregnancy is recommended.

Objective:

This study aimed at assessing the physical activity levels during pregnancy and determining the factors associated with physical activity among rural women.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a rural maternity hospital, in a village in Ramanagara district located in the south of Karnataka among pregnant women >29 weeks of gestation and newly delivered mothers availing obstetric services at the hospital. A structured questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy details, and neonate details was used. International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was …