Digital Commons Network^™

The Bridge, Volume 22, 2025, Bridgewater State University

the bridge

Editor-in-Chief

Katie Johanson

Managing Editor

Andrew Chermesino

Editors:

Tom Beaudry

Anna Connor

Jayce Elliott

Daniel Manning

Allison Marchand

Kristiana Nogueira

Giana Wigmore

Kaia Young

Faculty Advisor:

Professor Jessica Melendy

Design Advisor:

Professor Alain Blunt

Lead Designer

Vanessa Greaves

Designers

Nia Alvarado-Rodriguez

Robert Barove

Matt Curley

Matthew Fountain

Michelle Green

Grant Hall

Football Club Acquisitions And The Markets They Impact, Garry A. Gabison

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

2024 Annual Survey: Recent Developments In Sports Law, Joseph A. Delia, Sydney A. Hardy

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Pennsylvania And Sports Law: Keys To The Keystone State, Adam Epstein

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

From Beginning To Center Field Spotlight: Celebrating 35 Years Of Nsli/Cas Olympic Sport & Arbitration, Richard Mclaren, Sammie Cheng

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

All Bets Are On: It's Time For Wisconsin To Up The Ante And Legalize Mobile Sports Wagering, Nicholas B. Frawley

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Law Application In The Sport Industry, Barbara Osborne

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Is The Nhl Not Taking Its ‘Enforcer’ Role Seriously?, Samantha Rice

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Private Equity In College Sports: Enthusiastic Partner Or Meddling Force?, Kent Miller

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Sports Law In Law Reviews And Journals, Benjamin C. Coulthard

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Portland's Urban Doom Loop, Noah Rappaport, Avery Kageyama, Austen Knight

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this analysis we define the system boundary as Portland's downtown core, encompassing the downtown and immediately adjacent districts immediately affected by the effects of the "Urban Doom Loop." We selected this boundary for the concentration of reinforcing feedback loops. In Portland's downtown core remote work, commercial vacancy, homelessness, public safety concerns, and narrative media depiction of decline converge and amplify each other most intensely. Media focus on downtown disproportionately shapes public perceptions of the entire city. Interventions by city agencies are being proposed to take place there. While acknowledging that Portland's challenges extend beyond the downtown core, we intentionally …

Electronic And Born-Digital Records: A Beginner's Guide, Archives Development Program

Tennessee Archives Management Advisories

No abstract provided.

Public Records Commissions, Archives Development Program

Tennessee Archives Management Advisories

No abstract provided.

Leveling The Playing Field Through Collective Bargaining: How The Nlra And The Groundbreaking 2024 Nwsl Cba Could Shape The Wnba’S Impending Cba Negotiations, Benjamin C. Coulthard

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Gym-Pire Strikes Back: Is The Eighth Circuit’S Vacatur Of The Ftc’S Click-To-Cancel Rule The End Of The Regulatory Workout For The Health And Fitness Industry?, Nicholas J. Christopolis

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

“It Doesn’T Matter What Your Name Is:” The Case Against Corporate Ownership Of Persona Rights In Modern Professional Wrestling, Calvin Holle

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

“If Only You Guys Knew What I Knew:” Insider Trading In Collegiate Sports Betting, Ethan Lamb

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Paradox Of Survival: Gendered Food Insecurity, Labor Inequalities, And Coping Strategies During The 2023/4 Drought In Eastern Ethiopia, Meron E. Lemma

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

In drought-prone regions of Eastern Ethiopia, recurring droughts profoundly reshape everyday life in ways that deepen existing gendered inequalities. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in Fedis district, including semi-structured interviews with women, project implementers, and government officials, as well as group discussions with community members, this study explores how women experience, navigate, and resist the gendered impacts of drought. By attending to the sociopolitical dynamics of drought and the development interventions that accompany it, I analyze how these forces restructure labor, land, food systems, and authority in ways that reproduce and exacerbate existing inequalities. Women’s coping strategies, ranging from begging and …

Commercial Attention Spaces: A Century Of Discourses, Measurements, And Models Of Attention In The Construction Of U.S. Advertising Markets, Jacob Saindon

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

A vast assemblage of networked devices populate our everyday spaces. Concomitant with the increasing ubiquity of media devices are advertisements. Indeed, many networked devices, specifically the “free-to-use” software applications, websites, or platforms displayed through them, are advertising-dependent. An assortment of firms within the commercial media industry—brands, agencies, publishers, vendors—work in concert to sustain a market for advertising. The core operation of the commercial media industry, I argue, is the production and exchange of attention as an economic object. In this study, I approach the production of attention and the framing of its markets as spatial processes. The continued growth of …

Effect Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy On Milk Quality In Organic Dairy Cows, Kayla A. Young

Honors Theses and Capstones

Organic dairy systems are limited when it comes to the use of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals which creates opportunities to explore alternative treatments to promote cow health. Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF), a form of electromagnetic stimulation, promotes various types of healing for both animal and human medicine. Our objective was to explore the effect of PEMF on milk yield and composition in organic dairy cows. Mid-lactation Jersey cows (n = 35) of various parities were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (CON; n = 12); no PEMF, 2) once daily PEMF (PEMF1; n = 12), …

Poesía Mapuche Y Vasca Como Herramienta De Resistencia Cotidiana, Paula Ruiz Santamaría

Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies

This dissertation examines the work of contemporary Mapuche poets Adriana Pinda, Maribel Mora Curriao and Roxana Miranda Rupailaf, alongside Basque poets Leire Bilbao and Miren Agur Meabe, who write partially or entirely in their native languages— Mapudungun and Basque— as a form of resistance against the historical and ongoing imposition of Spanish. Through their poetry, these poets defend their identities and cultural heritage, invoking their matrilineal lineage to remember and heal. They also subvert traditional Catholic prayers by modifying them into invocations to Goddesses, casting spells of liberation of the female body, denouncing patriarchal violence and recreating alternative worlds. Their …

Tryptophan Kynurenine Pathway-Based Imaging Agents For Brain Disorders And Oncology-From Bench To Bedside, Erik Stauff, Wenqi Xu, Heidi H. Kecskemethy, Sigrid A. Langhans, Vinay V. R. Kandula, Lauren W. Averill, Xuyi Yue

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Tryptophan (Trp)-based radiotracers have excellent potential for imaging many different types of brain pathology because of their involvement with both the serotonergic and kynurenine (KYN) pathways. However, radiotracers specific to the kynurenine metabolism pathway are limited. In addition, historically Trp-based radiopharmaceuticals were synthesized with the short-lived isotope carbon-11. A newer generation of Trp-based imaging agents using the longer half-lived and commercially available isotopes, such as fluorine-18 and iodine-124, are being developed. The newly developed amino acid-based tracers have been demonstrated to have favorable radiochemical and imaging characteristics in pre-clinical studies. However, many barriers still exist in the clinical translation of …

A Second Wave Of Notch Signaling Diversifies The Intestinal Secretory Lineage, Eleanor Zagoren

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The small intestine is well known for its nutrient-absorbing enterocytes; yet equally crucial for homeostasis is a diverse set of secretory cells, all presumed to originate from the same intestinal stem cell. Despite their major roles in intestinal function and health, understanding how the full spectrum of secretory cell types arises remains a longstanding challenge, largely due to their comparative rarity. Here, I investigate the specification of a rare population of small intestinal epithelial cells found in rats and humans but not mice: CFTR high expressers (CHEs). Using pseudotime trajectory analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from rat jejunum, I provide …

Valuing Cheap: Constructing, Consuming, And Contesting The Dollar Store Economy, Frances Evelyn Barrett

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In Valuing Cheap, Barrett traces the histories of Dollar General, Family Dollar, and Dollar Tree from the firms’ twentieth century origins in three distinct southern locales into corporate behemoths with more stores than McDonald’s or Walmart. Valuing Cheap provides an important chapter of the late twentieth century history of racial capitalism, detailing how dollar stores at once “served” local communities while capitalizing on existing spatialized, racialized, classed, and gendered inequalities. This history illuminates the interwovenness of business, consumer, and labor histories, emphasizing the fundamental entanglements of power, material and cultural production, and consumption. The dollar store industry’s cheap goods, low-wage …

Russian Forms: Race, Sex, And The Making Of Russian Literature, Fiona Bell

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation argues that the elaboration of Russian racial imaginaries was coterminous with the construction of the Russian literary canon and Russian literary theory. Beginning with the global debates concerning the abolition of slavery and serfdom in the 1850s and concluding with the first wave of emigration from the Soviet Union in the 1920s, the dissertation demonstrates how canonical Russian authors—Ivan Turgenev, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Viktor Shklovsky, and others—wrote fiction that, in mobilizing the racial implications of intimacy, kinship, and heredity, articulated arguments about racial difference and the conceptual “fit” of “race” for the Russian Empire. Literary authors make arguments about …

Outside The Workshop: Alternative Spaces Of U.S. Printmaking, 1935–1977, Michelle Donnelly

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The studio, the land, the camp, and the home are vital locations of print production. Yet scholars have overwhelmingly focused on prints made in the workshop, or an institutional facility stocked with specialized equipment and overseen by “master printers.” This dissertation investigates how women artists and artists of color expanded the parameters of printmaking outside the traditional site of the workshop from 1935 to 1977 in the United States. Each spatially organized chapter centers on one artist: David Hammons, Sari Dienes, Matsusaburo “George” Hibi, and Ruth Asawa. All four artists practiced what I call emplaced printmaking: an engagement with the …

The Organization Of Autophagic Membranes And Proteins At The Phagophore Assembly Site, Devin Michael Fuller

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Autophagosomes are transient organelles which grow from a seed vesicle to encapsulate a target cargo and subsequently fuse with the lysosome to degrade its contents. This process occurs rapidly and requires the concerted effort of a host of unique membranes and proteins in a complicated cascade, which I detail in chapter I. Deletion of the lipid transport proteins ATG2A and ATG2B results in the accumulation of most of the preceding autophagic membranes and proteins in a large compartment. The ATG2 DKO compartment is advantageous as a model for the phagophore assembly site (PAS) for the following reasons: it is not …

Warm Life, Cold Stones: The Effigial Tomb In Late Medieval English Literature, Maia Ruth Béar

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The effigial tomb is one of the defining features of Gothic sacred art. Tombs topped with grand effigies populated the churches, cathedrals, and chapels of late medieval England and many survive to this day. This dissertation explores the encounter with these tombs as represented in the literature of the period, in particular hagiography, romance, and narrative poetry. Although it literally demarcates the boundary between dead and living, the tomb is a powerful site of boundary-breaking in these texts at which the distinctions between life and death, flesh, and natural and artistic bodies are tested and often complicated. I consider various …

Institutions For Online Governance: Field Experimental Studies Of Participation, Incentives, And Deliberation, Eliza Oak

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

One of the oldest questions in human society is: What kind of government works best, and why? To date, studying the effects of governance design decisions has been empirically difficult. This dissertation addresses this challenge by examining decentralized governance in blockchain-based technology platforms, where decision-making power is distributed among users who collectively cast votes. These digital communities provide a unique laboratory for democracy research as they rapidly iterate on their institutional structures, experimenting with both traditional and novel governance strategies while confronting classic representation and accountability challenges. The blockchain context offers two crucial advantages for studying democratic processes, namely the …

Distrust Of Psychotherapy For Biologically Explained Mental Disorders: A Validation Of Beliefs Underlying This Distrust And Interventions To Mitigate This Distrust, Annalise Perricone

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Lay and scientific communities alike increasingly attribute mental disorders to biological causes (e.g., genetic risk or neurobiological abnormalities). Biological explanations of mental disorders have some beneficial consequences, including reduced personal blame of individuals affected by such disorders. One adverse consequence, however, is that upon learning that a mental disorder has a biological etiology, people tend to show reduced trust in the effectiveness of psychotherapy. Given that the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is often optimal for many mental disorders, reduced trust of psychotherapy could result in poorer clinical outcomes, if people elect not to receive such treatment. Although this distrust …