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Integrating Ai Into Media Analysis Projects: Students’ Insights On Using Chatgpt, Serpil Yalcinalp, Hacer Turkoglu Jul 2026

Integrating Ai Into Media Analysis Projects: Students’ Insights On Using Chatgpt, Serpil Yalcinalp, Hacer Turkoglu

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This research aims to explore students’ perspectives on their use of ChatGPT during a media analysis project in a media literacy (ML) course. Additionally, it investigates what the assigned media literacy project has contributed to them. Qualitative analysis results from 48 students indicated that they believed their media analysis positively contributed to their media awareness of messages, media genres, social justice, technical aspects, and analytical skills, such as inquiry and creativity. Many students appreciate ChatGPT, noting that it encourages learning across disciplines through deep searches and dialogues with the tool. They especially appreciate its contribution when they compare the results …


Demographic Context Of Media And Information Literacy (Mil) Skills Among Senior High School Students In Ghana, Patience Emefa Dzandza Ocloo, Aurelia Ayisi, Abena Animwaa Yeboah-Banin, Annie Oye Jul 2026

Demographic Context Of Media And Information Literacy (Mil) Skills Among Senior High School Students In Ghana, Patience Emefa Dzandza Ocloo, Aurelia Ayisi, Abena Animwaa Yeboah-Banin, Annie Oye

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This paper explores the media and information literacy (MIL) competencies of young Ghanaians in senior high schools. It is premised on the rising spate of misinformation, online security breaches, and the avalanche of content young people must navigate. Together, these factors demand young persons to be new media savvy in order to use the affordances of the current media ecology to their benefit. To advocate for comprehensive MIL education in senior high schools in Ghana, the study adopts a comparative analysis logic to examine demographic differences that attend young people’s media and information literacy. A nationwide survey of 1200 senior …


Fact-Checking In The University: The Experience Of The ‘Verificatón Electoral’ As A Model Of Teaching Innovation, Irene Larraz, Samuel Toledano, Jordi Rodríguez-Virgili, Félix Arias Robles, Ángeles Durán, Marta Pérez-Escolar, Rocío Zamora Medina, Rubén Ramos Antón, Óscar Espíritusanto Nicolás, Miguel Ángel Esteban Navarro, Marcos Bermejo Gil Jul 2026

Fact-Checking In The University: The Experience Of The ‘Verificatón Electoral’ As A Model Of Teaching Innovation, Irene Larraz, Samuel Toledano, Jordi Rodríguez-Virgili, Félix Arias Robles, Ángeles Durán, Marta Pérez-Escolar, Rocío Zamora Medina, Rubén Ramos Antón, Óscar Espíritusanto Nicolás, Miguel Ángel Esteban Navarro, Marcos Bermejo Gil

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This article analyzes the experience of Verificatón, a teaching innovation project based on a live fact-checking hackathon aimed at identifying and combating disinformation in the electoral context. The initiative, developed by the fact-checking media outlet Newtral in collaboration with nine Spanish universities, brought together a hundred journalism students. The results show that this experience facilitates the adoption of the fact-checking methodology in the students' professional practice and contributes to overcoming the competency gap in university journalism education. The case study validates this training proposal, which, framed within an electoral scenario, reinforces students’ learning of the role of critical thinking in …


Content Literacy In The Digital Age: Integrating The Development Of Digital Language Skills Into Civic Education, Cedric Lawida, Ina-Maria Maahs Jul 2026

Content Literacy In The Digital Age: Integrating The Development Of Digital Language Skills Into Civic Education, Cedric Lawida, Ina-Maria Maahs

Journal of Media Literacy Education

The digital transformation creates new demands on reading and writing. This entails the expansion of the goals of content literacy to explicitly include the development of digital reading and writing skills. The study explores how a social media project at a school in Germany supports students in developing digital language competencies. In the civics education project politik.informiert (informed politics), students create and share political content via an Instagram channel. The qualitative case study, based on observations and interviews, finds that the project offers rich opportunities for digital reading and writing, especially in researching information, evaluating sources, and producing audience oriented …


The Role Of Media Literacy In Shaping Campus Student Leaders’ Perceptions Of Media Activism, Online Risks, And Social Support, Srividya Ramasubramanian, Minnie S. Mcmillian, Shumaila J. Bhatti, Shannon Burth, Julius Matthew Riles, Elizabeth Behm-Morawitz, Melody Wilson Jul 2026

The Role Of Media Literacy In Shaping Campus Student Leaders’ Perceptions Of Media Activism, Online Risks, And Social Support, Srividya Ramasubramanian, Minnie S. Mcmillian, Shumaila J. Bhatti, Shannon Burth, Julius Matthew Riles, Elizabeth Behm-Morawitz, Melody Wilson

Journal of Media Literacy Education

in social movements. Within contemporary contexts, media is an important site through which campus student leaders raise awareness, share relevant information, distribute online petitions, and shape public discourses on various social issues. Media literacy is an essential skill for student leaders to be effective in their activist initiatives and be able to cope with the inevitable pushback through trolling and cyberbullying that such activism would likely bring up. This survey (N = 855) with college student leaders across three universities explores how they rate themselves on media literacy skills, how well they understand the risks involved with media activism, and …


Empowerment Or Oppression? College Students’ Interpretations Of Sex And Relationships In The Popular Media, Nicola Mcclung, Riana Pella Jul 2026

Empowerment Or Oppression? College Students’ Interpretations Of Sex And Relationships In The Popular Media, Nicola Mcclung, Riana Pella

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Scholars have long emphasized the harmful effects of overtly sexist and oppressive media images on young people’s understandings of sex and relationships. Yet, this emphasis on explicit harm leaves a gap in understanding how college students interpret subtle, hidden, and ambiguous media messages. To address this gap, we asked 196 California college students at a large public university to critique a range of mainstream media content— from overtly oppressive, to affirming of nondominant gender identities, to containing mixed messages about empowerment and oppression. Responses were coded using our media literacy scoring guide for assessing students’ ability to critically analyze media …


Automated Media: Challenges And Opportunities For Media Literacy Education, Arnaud Claes, Jerry Jacques, Antonin Descampe, Victor Wiard Jul 2026

Automated Media: Challenges And Opportunities For Media Literacy Education, Arnaud Claes, Jerry Jacques, Antonin Descampe, Victor Wiard

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This paper offers a theoretical reflection on the evolving landscape of automated media, focusing on how automation and so-called Artificial Intelligence (AI) are reshaping traditional media-related practices and the competences required for media literacy. It examines how automated media technologies, such as recommendation algorithms and generative AI, might reshape the critical skills necessary to navigate a complex digital ecosystem. By framing AI-driven media practices through a social-action perspective and treating media as human activities, we argue that media literacy models should encompass competences related to the operation of computational automata, particularly through the management of inbound and outbound information flows. …


Point-Of-Generation Pfas Capture And Destruction For Manufacturing Emissions: An Open Technical Disclosure For Industry, Ernest N. Sumrall Jul 2026

Point-Of-Generation Pfas Capture And Destruction For Manufacturing Emissions: An Open Technical Disclosure For Industry, Ernest N. Sumrall

Defensive Publications Series

This defensive publication discloses an integrated system for capturing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at their point of generation in manufacturing processes and destroying them on site. Process emissions containing PFCAs, PFSAs, perfluoroalkane sulfonamides, and functionalized perfluoropolyethers are captured under negative pressure and transferred into a circulating water loop by fine-bubble scrubbing, exploiting the surfactant character of PFAS; foam fractionation concentrates the compounds into a minimal liquid volume. The concentrate is pre-treated in a closed-loop hydrodynamic cavitation stage — high-to-low pressure nozzle transitions into a low-pressure collision chamber, with a pump drawing suction from the low-pressure chamber and discharging into …


Vision-Centric Multimodal System For False-Positive Mitigation Via Lightweight Wireless-Acoustic Verification, Hp Inc Jul 2026

Vision-Centric Multimodal System For False-Positive Mitigation Via Lightweight Wireless-Acoustic Verification, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure details a vision-centric multimodal system for mitigating false-positive face detections on portable computing devices. The system distinguishes physical human users from 2D media displays—including high-resolution photographs and digital screens—by cross-referencing a primary computer vision module with lightweight acoustic source localization and Wi-Fi channel state analysis. By evaluating the spatiotemporal synchronization among visual facial features, auditory signals, and wireless ambient micro-movements, the system identifies and suppresses non-physical facial entities in real-time. Crucially, this multi-modal pipeline operates locally on low-power edge hardware without invoking the primary application processor or relying on neural network acceleration, thereby maximizing energy efficiency and ensuring …


Recessed Platen Parking Zone For Media Edge Holders In Large‑Format Printing Devices, Hp Inc Jul 2026

Recessed Platen Parking Zone For Media Edge Holders In Large‑Format Printing Devices, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This device relates to a platen configuration for large‑format printers that include removable media edge holders. The device introduces a dedicated parking zone in which a portion of the platen surface is recessed by several millimeters. This defined zone allows edge holders to be positioned below the operational envelope of the carriage when not in use. As a result, mechanical interference and collision risks are significantly reduced.


Exploring Successful Change Strategies For Small Business Owners To Remain Competitive, Omari Akuamoah Boateng Jul 2026

Exploring Successful Change Strategies For Small Business Owners To Remain Competitive, Omari Akuamoah Boateng

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small businesses are vital to the U.S. economy but face significant challenges in implementing organizational change to remain competitive due to resource constraints. This problem is important to small business owners because ineffective change strategies limit growth, sustainability, and broader economic contribution. Grounded in the resource-based view of the firm and entrepreneurship theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project is to explore the evidence-based organizational change strategies used by some small business owners in the United States to achieve and sustain a competitive advantage. The participants were 6 leaders from small businesses with fewer than 100 employees located …


"Where's The Writing?": A Content Analysis Of Writing Practices In Second Grade Core Knowledge Language Arts, Jessica Pierce Jul 2026

"Where's The Writing?": A Content Analysis Of Writing Practices In Second Grade Core Knowledge Language Arts, Jessica Pierce

Theses and Dissertations

One current and increasingly common trend in elementary and early childhood English Language Arts (ELA) instruction is the use of scripted literacy programs requiring teachers to implement the curriculum with fidelity. This has consequences for writing instruction as students continue to score below proficiency levels on national writing assessments (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2011), and the tendency for a mismatch between recommended writing instruction and classroom practice. Therefore, the purpose of this content analysis was to explore the writing instruction found in the Knowledge Strand of the 2nd-grade Core Knowledge Language Arts (CKLA) curriculum. Analyses revealed three overarching themes: …


Constructing Meaning With First Graders Using Wordless Picturebooks During Interactive Read-Alouds, Madison Weeter Jul 2026

Constructing Meaning With First Graders Using Wordless Picturebooks During Interactive Read-Alouds, Madison Weeter

Theses and Dissertations

Wordless picturebooks are an underutilized tool in elementary classrooms despite growing recognition as a valuable literacy tool. Research remains limited on how wordless picturebooks influence meaning-making during interactive read-aloud discussions. The guiding question for this study was: "How do first-graders and their teacher construct meaning during three interactive read-alouds of wordless picturebooks?" This qualitative study was conducted in a first-grade classroom. Data was collected through audio and video recordings of three interactive read-alouds facilitated by the teacher-researcher. Recordings were transcribed and analyzed using reflective thematic analysis (RTA). Six themes were created from analysis of the data: (a) cracking the code, …


Biomechanical And Talar Cartilage Responses To Running In Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Minsub Oh Jul 2026

Biomechanical And Talar Cartilage Responses To Running In Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Minsub Oh

Theses and Dissertations

Context: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) has shown altered movement patterns and joint loading, which increase the risk of posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Abnormal vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during running may contribute to talar cartilage degeneration; however, the acute biomechanical and cartilage responses to running in individuals with CAI remain unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare running biomechanics and changes in talar cartilage thickness and T2 relaxation times before and after running between individuals with CAI and healthy controls. Methods: Twenty individuals with CAI and 20 healthy controls completed running biomechanics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions. …


Identifying Symbolic Modeling Of Grooming Precursors In Social Media, Heath Landress Jul 2026

Identifying Symbolic Modeling Of Grooming Precursors In Social Media, Heath Landress

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Short-form video platforms such as TikTok and Instagram Reels increasingly circulate dating and lifestyle advice that may normalize coercive relational scripts. A key challenge for preventing technology-facilitated child sexual exploitation is that early grooming precursors can be communicated through audiovisual design choices, such as tone, pacing, setting, and editing, that make manipulative narratives appear benign. The purpose of this qualitative multimedia content analysis was to identify recurring observable patterns that provide a form of symbolic modeling, through which relational and boundary-shaping cues associated with early-stage sexualized grooming are framed as ordinary dating or lifestyle advice in public TikTok and Instagram …


Beloved, Joseph Khabbaz Jul 2026

Beloved, Joseph Khabbaz

The Main Thing Devotional

As we prepare to start this academic year, know that before you do anything for God, you are already loved by God.

But God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.  (Romans 5:8)


Depressive Cognitions, Resourcefulness, And Sleep In Informal Caregivers Of Persons With Dementia, Rayhanah R. Almutairi Jul 2026

Depressive Cognitions, Resourcefulness, And Sleep In Informal Caregivers Of Persons With Dementia, Rayhanah R. Almutairi

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Family or informal caregivers always provide support to their family members or others who are diagnosed with dementia. The increase in the aging population has led to a growing reliance on family members, often informal caregivers, who are increasingly responsible for providing care for older adults. Poor sleep and high levels of depressive cognition experienced by caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) can negatively affect their physical and psychological health, which can lead to declining caregiver health, which can diminish their ability to provide optimal care. Currently, there are limited empirical studies supporting the usefulness of non-pharmacological sleep interventions …


When Should You Worry About Pediatric Snoring?, Sarah Gubara, Samira Naime Jul 2026

When Should You Worry About Pediatric Snoring?, Sarah Gubara, Samira Naime

Pediatrics in Practice: A CME Podcast

My child snores — when is it a problem? Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea are the focus here. Samira Naime, MD, Pediatric Pulmonologist and Sleep Medicine Physician at Children's Mercy, explains how to spot worrying signs, when to try allergy treatment or nasal steroid and when to consider a sleep study. She also covers which labs allow outside ordering and when referral to sleep medicine is appropriate.

Click here to stream the podcast episode.


Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Mystery Box Berbantuan Papan Jam Materi Sudut Kelas V Sekolah Dasar, Amala Nurlika Putri, Rahmad Setyo Jadmiko, Nourma Oktaviarini Jul 2026

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Mystery Box Berbantuan Papan Jam Materi Sudut Kelas V Sekolah Dasar, Amala Nurlika Putri, Rahmad Setyo Jadmiko, Nourma Oktaviarini

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study aimed to develop a mystery box learning medium supported by a clock-face board for teaching angles to fifth-grade elementary school students. The study was motivated by the limited use of concrete learning media in mathematics instruction, particularly for angle concepts, which contributed to students’ difficulties in understanding the material and participating actively in classroom activities. This research employed the Research and Development method using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The developed product was a mystery box learning medium equipped with a clock-face board and an integrated protractor. The product was validated …


An Introduction To The China Land Sales Data Set: The Universe Of Land-Use-Right Transfers In China 2000-2022, Yilin Hou, Lin Li, Qiang Ren Jul 2026

An Introduction To The China Land Sales Data Set: The Universe Of Land-Use-Right Transfers In China 2000-2022, Yilin Hou, Lin Li, Qiang Ren

Center for Policy Research

The China Land Sales Data Set (2000-2022) includes the universe of land-use-right sales in China in the first 23 years of the 21st century, a period of the fastest mass urbanization and intense infrastructure construction in China’s history, that accompanied the rapid growth of China’s economy and household income. For this reason, this data set carries substance in many ways for anyone who needs to understand the occurrences in China of that period. The phrase “land sale” refers to the transfer of land-use right from the state as the sole owner of urban land to any individual, firm or entity …


Tiktok Vs. Instagram: How Audiences Engage With James Charles, Kristina M. Hart Jul 2026

Tiktok Vs. Instagram: How Audiences Engage With James Charles, Kristina M. Hart

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

This study examines how audiences engage with beauty influencer content across social media platforms, with a focus on James Charles on TikTok and Instagram. While existing research highlights the importance of authenticity, content strategy, and influencer characteristics in driving engagement, less attention has been given to how engagement varies across platforms and how users express interaction qualitatively. To address this gap, this study employs qualitative content analysis to examine 100 audience comments, with fifty comments collected from each platform.

Using thematic coding, comments were categorized into four primary forms of engagement: audience participation, product interest, entertainment, and trust/credibility. In addition, …


Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Papercraft Minecraft Pada Materi Kemasan Dari Kertas Untuk Seni Budaya Smp, Ruqunia Rahmatuti, Iriaji Iriaji Jul 2026

Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Papercraft Minecraft Pada Materi Kemasan Dari Kertas Untuk Seni Budaya Smp, Ruqunia Rahmatuti, Iriaji Iriaji

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Learning Cultural Arts, particularly the topic of paper packaging, requires concrete learning experiences to help students understand the relationship between object shape, dimensions, net structure, and packaging function. However, observations conducted during the teaching assistance program revealed that classroom instruction was still dominated by conventional learning media, causing some students to experience boredom and difficulties during practical activities. This study aims to describe the design process of a Minecraft Papercraft learning medium for teaching paper packaging in junior high school Cultural Arts using the Design Thinking approach. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach involving 64 seventh-grade students from classes …


Radiation Effects On The Amd Versal Running An Automatic Modulation Classification Model, Allan D. Howe Jul 2026

Radiation Effects On The Amd Versal Running An Automatic Modulation Classification Model, Allan D. Howe

Theses and Dissertations

With the recent increase of interest into artificial intelligence (AI), graphics processing units (GPUs) have been used as the main hardware architecture for AI computation. Because of their high power consumption and large size, it is necessary to consider other architectures to perform AI computing in outer-space where size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) are tightly constrained. One such architecture is the Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Versal Adaptive Compute Acceleration Platform (ACAP), which can achieve acceptable AI throughput at a lower power and size compared to a GPU. As the Versal ACAP gets used in space applications, it is necessary …


2026 June 23 - From My Notepads Newsletter, Office Of The President, East Tennessee State University, Brian Noland Jul 2026

2026 June 23 - From My Notepads Newsletter, Office Of The President, East Tennessee State University, Brian Noland

From My Notepads: A Newsletter from President Brian Noland

No abstract provided.


Trust, Participation, And Power: Community Perspectives From The Equity In Public Health Initiative, Shaniece Criss, Roger S. Abim-Karmon, Jody Teel, Vanessa Rodríguez, Adia Bennon, Sally Wills, Sarah Gonzales, Dalmondeh D. Nayreau, Vaishnavi Bharadwaj, Hannah G. Kim, Jennifer Woollery, Melissa Fair Jul 2026

Trust, Participation, And Power: Community Perspectives From The Equity In Public Health Initiative, Shaniece Criss, Roger S. Abim-Karmon, Jody Teel, Vanessa Rodríguez, Adia Bennon, Sally Wills, Sarah Gonzales, Dalmondeh D. Nayreau, Vaishnavi Bharadwaj, Hannah G. Kim, Jennifer Woollery, Melissa Fair

Health Sciences Publications

Health disparities arise from unequal power relations shaping resource allocation, governance, and community agency. Community power is a key mechanism for addressing disparities. This study examines how visible, hidden, and invisible power operate within a U.S. county to inform inclusive governance. We conducted seven focus groups with Black and Hispanic residents (n = 68) and sixteen semi-structured interviews with elected officials, government staff, and advocacy leaders in Greenville County, South Carolina. Data were collected between March and December 2024. Transcripts were collaboratively coded in NVivo and analyzed using thematic analysis guided by Heller et al.’s Three Faces of Power …


Newsletter, July 2026, Cedar Oaks Guild Jul 2026

Newsletter, July 2026, Cedar Oaks Guild

Cedar Oaks Guild Newsletter

No abstract provided.


Effective Strategic Planning Processes Used By Construction Industry Companies, Melvin C. Porter Jr. Jul 2026

Effective Strategic Planning Processes Used By Construction Industry Companies, Melvin C. Porter Jr.

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Strategic planning failures among small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) construction managers can lead to cost overruns, schedule delays, and operational inefficiencies that threaten organizational viability. SME construction managers who lack effective strategic planning processes face an elevated risk of project failures that jeopardize workforce stability and the long-term sustainability of the communities they serve. Grounded in hoshin kanri framework, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore successful strategic planning processes and models used by SME construction managers in southeastern Virginia to improve operations and reduce project failures. The participants were seven SME construction managers who had successfully …


Effectiveness And Ethics Of Biometrics In Homeland Security, Aaron Akintayo Akindiya Jul 2026

Effectiveness And Ethics Of Biometrics In Homeland Security, Aaron Akintayo Akindiya

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Homeland security agencies increasingly deploy biometric technologies, including facial recognition and fingerprint scanning, to enhance identity verification and threat detection at airports and borders. However, these technologies raise ethical concerns regarding privacy, algorithmic bias, data protection, and civil liberties. Limited research captures the perspectives of frontline professionals who implement these systems. This study explored how homeland security professionals perceive the balance between effectiveness and ethics. Guided by the technological determinism theory, semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 professionals from U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Transportation Security Administration, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Thematic analysis revealed four themes: effectiveness in enhancing …


Military Culture And The Student Veteran: A Mixed Methods Study Of Service Members Transition Into Higher Education, Joanna Fagan Jul 2026

Military Culture And The Student Veteran: A Mixed Methods Study Of Service Members Transition Into Higher Education, Joanna Fagan

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Military veterans are entering higher education spaces at a steady rate. While their visibility on U.S. campuses is increasing, these veterans face various challenges in entering higher education. This mixed-methods study examined the relationships among military identity, trauma exposure, and psychological functioning in student veterans, with a focus on meaning in life, life satisfaction, and social engagement. Quantitative data was used to assess correlations and associations between meaning making, military identification, satisfaction with life, and college involvement, while qualitative data were used to contextualize and extend statistical findings. Results indicated that military identity was positively associated with meaning making but …


Effect Of Concentration And Temperature Of Tio2-Al2o3 Hybrid Nanofluid On The Corrosion Rate Of Aluminum Radiator, Ratna Monasari, Rizky Maulana Ramadhan, Nike Nur Farida, Ahmad Hanif Firdaus, Supa Kusuma Aji, Yuniarto Agus Winoko, Rizkyansyah Alif Hidayatullah Jul 2026

Effect Of Concentration And Temperature Of Tio2-Al2o3 Hybrid Nanofluid On The Corrosion Rate Of Aluminum Radiator, Ratna Monasari, Rizky Maulana Ramadhan, Nike Nur Farida, Ahmad Hanif Firdaus, Supa Kusuma Aji, Yuniarto Agus Winoko, Rizkyansyah Alif Hidayatullah

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Corrosion of aluminum radiators can reduce cooling system reliability and shorten service life in automotive applications. This study examines the effect of TiO2-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid concentration and temperature on the corrosion rate of commercially available aluminum radiator material. Hybrid nanoparticles with a TiO2-Al2O3 mass ratio of 50:50 were dispersed in distilled water at concentrations of 0.6 wt.%, 0.8 wt.%, and 1.0 wt.%. Corrosion behavior was evaluated using a 14-day accelerated immersion test at 60°C and 80°C, and the corrosion rate was determined using the gravimetric mass loss method. The results …