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Ethics, Design, And Creativity: A Fruitful Combination, Wouter Eggink, Steven Dorrestijn, Karin Van Der Heijden, Ilse Ouwens Jun 2022

Ethics, Design, And Creativity: A Fruitful Combination, Wouter Eggink, Steven Dorrestijn, Karin Van Der Heijden, Ilse Ouwens

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the context of the designers responsibility for the impact of technology, ethical considerations are important. However, these considerations are often seen as limiting innovation and the freedom of the designer. Is it possible, on the contrary, that ethics can also foster creativity in design? The research project Tech-Wise is about a practice oriented approach in ethics; developing tools to engage people with ethical deliberation on the impact of technology. One result of the project is a workshop format for stimulating ethical deliberation that can be tailored to particular technologies and design disciplines. We argue from the results of one …

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Healthricious: Improving An Existing Mobile App For Healthy Eating To Support Groups At Risk Of Covid-19, Sander Hermsen Jun 2022

Healthricious: Improving An Existing Mobile App For Healthy Eating To Support Groups At Risk Of Covid-19, Sander Hermsen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Urgent health issues, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, require rapid responses based on scientific evidence. Improving existing solutions is often faster, more effective and cheaper than developing new ones. This paper describes a case study consisting of a design cycle aimed at improving an existing design, a mobile app, to better support at-risk groups with healthy nutrition, to reduce risk of debilitating consequences of COVID-19. The design process consisted of five phases: user research (lived experience), expert consultations (learned experience), behavioural analysis of the original design, development of a new iteration, and delivery & evaluation. The case study showed that …

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Soundscape Design For Historical Buildings As A Sonic Place-Making Process, Anne-Sofie Udsen, Kim Halskov Jun 2022

Soundscape Design For Historical Buildings As A Sonic Place-Making Process, Anne-Sofie Udsen, Kim Halskov

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Through the design of soundscape installations for three historical museum buildings, we explore how sonic placemaking may be used to reveal intangible cultural heritage. We build on Harrison and Dourish’s distinction between space and place, and Jordan Lacey’s definition of sonic placemaking to understand sound-scape design as a process of creating places that support sensory connection be-tween the museum guest and museum space, hereby enabling new experiences. We apply design space thinking as the approach to systematize and explore how distinct design choices affect the intended sonic placemaking. Through an inter-disciplinary approach that spans interaction design and sound studies, we …

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Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen Jun 2022

Applying Design-Led Approaches To Public Sector Innovation: A Case Study Of New Zealand’S Service Innovation Lab, Jane Lehtinen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper adds to emerging research on the application of design-led approaches to public policy and services by public sector innovation labs. It presents key findings from the first in-depth case study on the New Zealand government Service Innovation Lab, which operated between 2017 and 2020 as part of broader public sector efforts for citizen-centric digital transformation. Based on a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews and organizational documentation, it discusses how the challenges of applying the Lab’s design-led approach in this public sector context were navigated by professionals involved with the Lab over time. The findings reveal that to navigate …

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Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker Jun 2022

Developing Play Tarot Cards To Support Playful Learning In Teacher Education, Helle Marie Skovbjerg, Helle Hovgaard Jørgensen, Keila Zarl Perez Quinones, Tilde Bekker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Via two design-based research experiments, this paper explores how we can design a tool to support designing for playful learning in teacher education. Several recent review studies show that integrating play qualities into a learning context is not always easy. We design a set of tarot cards with the aim of exploring actions in learning situations and play qualities for those specific actions. Our experiments show that using the tarot cards as a way for students and teachers to reflect and come up with further playful learning designs brings in a broader diversity of play qualities, especially qualities that are …

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By Invitation Only: A Multidisciplinary Framework For An Industry-Led Design Approach, Clara Fernandes, Yasser Suratman, Nur Hidayah Abu Bakar Jun 2022

By Invitation Only: A Multidisciplinary Framework For An Industry-Led Design Approach, Clara Fernandes, Yasser Suratman, Nur Hidayah Abu Bakar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Considering the issues faced by education during the pandemic, the need for design programmes to synchronise with the industry is rather essential. The disconnect between design students' studio practice during the pandemic has aggravated the situation further, considering that the most appointed defect of design programmes is their low involvement with the industry in multidisciplinary projects. What benefits for design students and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to participate in industry-led projects? How can those be implemented, considering the recovery state in which many design programmes currently are? Through a survey with students who participated in this brief (N=32), and interviews …

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How To Design Tangible Learning Experiences: A Literature Review About Science Exhibit Design, Tina Bobbe, Robert Fischer Jun 2022

How To Design Tangible Learning Experiences: A Literature Review About Science Exhibit Design, Tina Bobbe, Robert Fischer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing science exhibits that promote visitor engagement and learning remains a challenge. While theoretical models about visitor learning has been thor-oughly addressed in the academic literature, there is little empirical knowledge about actual exhibit design. This takes place in a landscape of rapidly developing interaction technologies, while the demand for inclusion and equity measures increases. This lit-erature review aims at bridging knowledge from across various disciplines to offer a recent and comprehensible overview, providing a new status quo for further research and practice in exhibit design. Beginning with a definition and introduction of central terms and theoretical constructs around informal …

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Pushing Divergence And Promoting Convergence In A Speculative Design Process: Considerations On The Role Of Ai As A Co-Creation Partner, Luca Simeone, Riccardo Mantelli, Alfredo Adamo Jun 2022

Pushing Divergence And Promoting Convergence In A Speculative Design Process: Considerations On The Role Of Ai As A Co-Creation Partner, Luca Simeone, Riccardo Mantelli, Alfredo Adamo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Within design research, several studies have looked at Artificial Intelligence as a tool to help ideation processes. However, the potential of using Artificial Intelligence to support a specific characteristic of the design process, namely the interplay between divergent and convergent thinking, remains underexplored. Aiming to address this gap, this paper examines how 136 students interacted with Artificial Intelligence on the occasion of two courses run by the authors in a prominent European design school.

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Sustainable Approaches To Textile Design: Lessons From Biology, Veronika Kapsali, Cathryn Hall Jun 2022

Sustainable Approaches To Textile Design: Lessons From Biology, Veronika Kapsali, Cathryn Hall

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Models such as the circular economy, offer guidance to actors from the fashion and textile industry on how to navigate the negative environmental, ethical, and social impacts of the sector’s current and historic practices. The principles underpinning these models originate from the intersection of biology and general systems theory and have provided us with valuable alternative paradigms via a top-down lens. This paper seeks to explore the potential for additional insight into sustainable textile design practice from biology by reviewing sustainable design principles emerging from top-down (ecology + systems view) within the context of a bottom-up (biology + engineering) approach. …

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Service Design Tool: How To Use The Errc Decision Model For Service Designer To Prioritize Touchpoints, Chun-An Chang, Chun-Juei Chou Jun 2022

Service Design Tool: How To Use The Errc Decision Model For Service Designer To Prioritize Touchpoints, Chun-An Chang, Chun-Juei Chou

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research aims to remedy lack of design principle at touchpoints of customer journey. ERRC decision model was developed to support designer in strategic evaluating and taking design action in response to customer feedback at different touchpoints. The model was constructed using customer feedback on experience and four actions framework of Blue Ocean Theory. Designer can use customer experience data to evaluate touchpoints along customer journey and, based on model’s distribution result, link service delivery level to competitor and redesign to eliminate, reduce, raise or create individual touchpoint.

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Health Information Design Model (Hidem): A Replicable Model Of The Design Process For Data-Intensive Applications In Health Informatics, Antonio Solano, Miso Kim Jun 2022

Health Information Design Model (Hidem): A Replicable Model Of The Design Process For Data-Intensive Applications In Health Informatics, Antonio Solano, Miso Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Genetic and healthcare data have experienced an explosion in the last decade and with it, a deluge of new and cutting-edge research as well as digital tools and software. However, visualizing and working with such large amounts of information also poses organizational challenges in transdisciplinary collaboration between scientific domain experts and design professionals. We propose Health Information Design Model (HIDeM), a collaborative process model with a novel series of principles and activities that tackle the specific nature of digital, data-intensive products for scientific research while considering different organizational contexts. The model was developed in collaboration with several domain experts in …

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Design Thinking Community Health & Well-Being: Creating With And For Community Capacities, Danielle Lake, Phillip Motley, Megan Casner, Kathleen Flannery Jun 2022

Design Thinking Community Health & Well-Being: Creating With And For Community Capacities, Danielle Lake, Phillip Motley, Megan Casner, Kathleen Flannery

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper shares initial findings from an ongoing study assessing the value and limitations of a two-year community-engaged design thinking initiative intended to foster more inclusive and holistic public health community-based innovations with underserved communities across one county in the southeast U.S. The initiative hopes to institutionalize and socialize community-based design within a public health framework and build organizational and individual capacities. Initial findings indicate that participants find value in design thinking tools and processes, and that such processes have transformed mental models, fostered relationships, and built skills for participants' professional, civic, and personal lives. Findings also surfaced challenges related …

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Repair As A Social Design Practice: Three Case Studies In Vulnerable Households In Chile, Pedro Alvarez Caselli, Antonio Batlle Lathrop Jun 2022

Repair As A Social Design Practice: Three Case Studies In Vulnerable Households In Chile, Pedro Alvarez Caselli, Antonio Batlle Lathrop

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The work presented herein addresses the socio-material implications and spontaneous design actions that emerge from the home repair practices of household objects in low-income areas. Through qualitative research and contextual inquiry from the investigation of their praxis (Cross, 2007), we reassess the principles of planned obsolescence associated with product design and throw-away culture. Within the framework of matters of care of non-human devices that are part of a social assembly, a theoretical discussion develops around certain actions; in particular, repairing everyday household objects, as design solutions. The exploratory methodology of this project is based on literature review and on-site case …

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User Research To Design A More-Than-Human Food Commons, Justin Sacks Jun 2022

User Research To Design A More-Than-Human Food Commons, Justin Sacks

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The way humans approach food systems not only affects our survival but also creates or destroys futures for humans and nonhuman species alike. Rooted in a rights-based approach, food as a commons offers an important and robust economic alternative to food as a commodity. The commons literature also struggles with anthropocentrism, however, particularly the recognized analytical frameworks used by scholars that classify nonhuman nature as inputs. How can user research tools support communities to create a more-than-human food commons that treats nonhuman nature as equal actants? This paper responds to this question by adapting two user research tools to support …

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Design As Posture: Developing Enlightened Subjectivity With The Philosophy Of Yoga, Estelle Berger Jun 2022

Design As Posture: Developing Enlightened Subjectivity With The Philosophy Of Yoga, Estelle Berger

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research aims at supporting designers in developing a both embodied and reflective posture in practice – referred to as “enlightened subjectivity”. A dialogue is set up between the Samkhya, an early Buddhist philosophy at the basis of Yoga, and the design discipline. Grounded in practical experience, this inspirational framework allows approaching the sense-making process occurring in practice, through perception, understanding, action, and relation. This is sustained by professional posture, the specific way in which one invests their activity, giving it substance, meaning and justification. Implications for design education relate to increasing awareness among designers on their own posture, and …

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Design And Cyberactivism On Social Media During Covid-19 In Brazil, Heloísa Oliveira, Suzete Venturelli Jun 2022

Design And Cyberactivism On Social Media During Covid-19 In Brazil, Heloísa Oliveira, Suzete Venturelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The article presented below addresses the presence of design, in its intersection with art and technology, in activist actions disseminated and organized through digital social media during the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. To this, four contemporary works of cyberactivism and art-activism in digital social media will be presented and analyzed to obtain a more in-depth insight into how these cases show design, as well as the respective strategies of action in this period, marked by political crises, hyperconnectivity in networks, and social distancing.

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Critical Pedagogy And The Pluriversal Design Studio, Colin M. Gray Jun 2022

Critical Pedagogy And The Pluriversal Design Studio, Colin M. Gray

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Studio learning is central to the teaching of design. However, the disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside emerging and historic critiques of studio ped-agogy, creates a space for critical engagement with the present and potential futures of design education in studio. In this paper, I outline historic critiques of studio pedagogy, drawing primarily from critical pedagogy literature to frame is-sues relating to disempowerment, student agency, and monolithic representa-tions of the student role and student development. I build upon this critical foundation to reimagine studio practices as pluriversal, recognizing the challeng-es and opportunities of bridging epistemological differences and facilitating the potential …

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Data-Painting: Expressive Free-Form Visualisation, Miriam Sturdee, Soren Knudsen, Sheelagh Carpendale Jun 2022

Data-Painting: Expressive Free-Form Visualisation, Miriam Sturdee, Soren Knudsen, Sheelagh Carpendale

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Data visualization can be powerful in enabling us to make sense of complex data. Expressive data representation – where individuals have control over the nature of the output – is hard to incorporate into existing frameworks and techniques for visualization. The power of informal, rough, expressive sketches in working out ideas is well documented. This points to an opportunity to better understand how expressivity can exist in data visualization creation. We explore the expressive potential of Data Painting through a study aimed at improving our understanding of what people need and make use of in creating novel examples of data …

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Towards A Quieter Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Current Approaches And Design Opportunities, Simone Spagnol, Núria Viñas Vila, Almila Akdag Salah, Tom Goos, Irwin Reiss, Elif Özcan Jun 2022

Towards A Quieter Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Current Approaches And Design Opportunities, Simone Spagnol, Núria Viñas Vila, Almila Akdag Salah, Tom Goos, Irwin Reiss, Elif Özcan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Recent studies show that the well-being of patients and the performance of healthcare professionals in modern neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are severely affected by the amount of auditory alarms and sound nuisance. This paper presents a semi-systematic review on the topic of environmental sound in the NICU, where current themes, insights, and limitations are highlighted. Furthermore, it outlines the results of an observation of the NICU environment and an interview with nurses at Erasmus Medical Center, in order to understand the users, their context, and the technology that can enable design interventions. The insights gathered from the literature and …

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The Politics Of Metadesign, Christian Nold Jun 2022

The Politics Of Metadesign, Christian Nold

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This is a conceptual paper that explores the notion of metadesign which is premised on redesigning design itself. It interrogates the claim that metadesign is ‘open’, ‘fluid’ and ‘democratising’ by analysing its literature and practices. The paper makes two arguments. First, that metadesign is a theoretical power grab that prioritises language at the expense of material design which separates it from other design approaches. Second, that metadesign currently does not offer conceptual tools for observing and analysing the politics of real-world metadesign. If metadesign wants to be a democratising force, then it needs to question its legacy of transcendent language …

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Living With Living Artefacts: Six Concepts For Designing User Acceptance Of Living Artefacts, Simone Van Den Broek, Alwin De Rooij, Michel Van Dartel Jun 2022

Living With Living Artefacts: Six Concepts For Designing User Acceptance Of Living Artefacts, Simone Van Den Broek, Alwin De Rooij, Michel Van Dartel

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Bio-designers are exploring how living organisms can become vital aspects of the design and use of an artefact. These new living artefacts have qualities, needs, design opportunities and relationships with the user that differ from nonliving artefacts. To design for user acceptance of living artefacts into daily life, designers must develop an understanding for why a user wishes to live with living artefacts. This starts with an understanding of why humans have been living with other living beings throughout history. These reasons have been examined through a semi-systematic review of literature across diverse research fields. Qualitative thematic analysis suggests that …

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Dynamic Learning: A Learner-Centered Paradigm In Art And Design, Delane Ingalls Vanada, Delane Ingalls Vanada Jun 2022

Dynamic Learning: A Learner-Centered Paradigm In Art And Design, Delane Ingalls Vanada, Delane Ingalls Vanada

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is a critical need for training students to think critically, creatively, and practi-cally. Traditional art and design education classrooms, more focused on end prod-ucts, do not foster students’ abilities for inquiry and connection making and are miss-ing opportunities to develop the capacities of tomorrow’s change makers and prob-lem solvers. From a systems-thinking approach, this article discusses the importance of teacher pedagogy and process skills as important underlying drivers in developing’ learning power. Fostering students’ integrated, self-directed, and dynamic learning requires a more learner-centered paradigm. It reports on a mixed model research study conducted in middle school art and design …

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Upcycling Discarded Hdpe Plastic Bags For Creative Exploration In Product Design, Himani Deshpande, Jin Yu, Akash Talyan, Noah Posner, Clement Zheng, Hyunjoo Oh Jun 2022

Upcycling Discarded Hdpe Plastic Bags For Creative Exploration In Product Design, Himani Deshpande, Jin Yu, Akash Talyan, Noah Posner, Clement Zheng, Hyunjoo Oh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Upcycling enables new product production out of discarded materials. This paper presents a new structured process to support designers to use discarded HDPE plastic bags as useful and meaningful materials for creative exploration. The proposed process involves a four-step fabrication workflow using tools and machines widely available in design studios: (1) preparing a stack of plastic sheets, (2) fusing the stack of materials to create a new plastic sheet with intended thickness, (3) cutting and scoring the fused sheet to create parts, and (4) assembling the parts to build 3D artifacts. To assist the fabrication, we also present a custom …

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Towards A Framework For Designing Technology With Country: A Perspective From Australia, Siena White, Luke Hespanhol Jun 2022

Towards A Framework For Designing Technology With Country: A Perspective From Australia, Siena White, Luke Hespanhol

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Lifestyles, principles and methods adopted by First Nations peoples have attracted increased interest from non-Indigenous researchers and professionals. Following greater awareness about the destructive effects of colonization on sustainable pre-colonial ways of living that thrived for millennia, a growing movement towards understanding of Indigenous ways of relating to Country has led to questions about culturally and environmentally appropriate approaches to design digital systems, technologies, services, and products. In this paper, we investigate recently emerging frameworks for design with Country identified from the literature, compiling a list of 40 precepts and 15 principles to inform our interaction design process. Furthermore, we …

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An Analysis Of Design Maturity Models Used In Design Organizations, Nandhini Giri, Erik Stolterman Jun 2022

An Analysis Of Design Maturity Models Used In Design Organizations, Nandhini Giri, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Maturity models are structures that help assess key performance metrics and provide guidelines for assessment and growth in various areas of an organization. In this paper we review some of the significant design maturity frameworks that are used by practitioners in design organizations. The field of design is ramifying with emerging forms of design practice and requires a need to study maturity models from the perspective of practitioners in design organizations. The pandemic has disrupted normal organizational operations forcing practitioners to discuss the need for maturity models in workplaces that follow the new normal. This necessitates a review of significant …

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Australian Architectural Education In The Pluriverse, Daniel Huppatz, Kirsten Day Jun 2022

Australian Architectural Education In The Pluriverse, Daniel Huppatz, Kirsten Day

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Among the design disciplines, architectural education in Australia has a unique con-straint: accreditation. On the one hand, competency requirements by accrediting bod-ies potentially limit an educator’s autonomy and curriculum development. On the oth-er, competencies define and regulate a profession by ensuring standard knowledge and skills. In this paper, we analyse the pedagogical and professional impacts of the 2021 “National Standard of Competencies” for Australian architects, particularly the inclusion of Indigenous Knowledge for the first time. Together with the recent Indige-nous Design Charter – Communication Design, these competencies signal a shift in Australian architectural and design education that suggests a vision …

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Ontogenesis As A Model For Design Processes, Otto Paans Jun 2022

Ontogenesis As A Model For Design Processes, Otto Paans

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The technical rationality (TR) and reflective practice (RP) paradigms have heavily influenced thinking about design and design cognition in the 20th century. This paper concisely highlights some of the features and limitations of these paradigms. In particular, it develops the suggestion that we require a new “root metaphor” or leading set of concepts to develop our thinking about designing beyond the work of Donald Schön. Building on this assumption, this paper examines some useful aspects of selected concepts developed by Gilbert Simondon, in particular the notion of ontogenesis. Furthermore, it is argued that Simondon’s thought helps us to connect epistemology …

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Co-Creating Playful Learning Designs For Interprofessional Higher Education: Dialogic Perspectives On Design-Based Research, Kim Holflod Jun 2022

Co-Creating Playful Learning Designs For Interprofessional Higher Education: Dialogic Perspectives On Design-Based Research, Kim Holflod

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper examines the co-creation of playful learning designs across educational and professional boundaries in teacher education and social education through dialogic theories. It focuses on the understandings and voices of playful learning and how dialogic co-creation is influenced by the presence of multiple voices and perspectives. The study is guided by Design-Based Research in developing, testing, evaluating, and iterating a playful learning design in higher education. The results expand on playful learning across boundaries as a polyphonic and heterogeneous phenomenon with diverse and dynamic voices interplaying with each other. It is conceptualised as both experimental, affective, and relational learning …

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Experiencing Mundane Ai Futures, Matthew Pilling, Paul Coulton, Thomas Lodge, Andy Crabtree, Alan Chamberlain Jun 2022

Experiencing Mundane Ai Futures, Matthew Pilling, Paul Coulton, Thomas Lodge, Andy Crabtree, Alan Chamberlain

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Whilst popular visions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) are often presented through the lens of sentient machines, our lived experience of AI is more mundane and exemplified by so-called ‘smart’ products and services. Whilst this mundane reality is often presented using design approaches that make their operation appear simple and innocuous, these smart systems, and the data they use and collect, can challenge and even disrupt ordinary expectations. Our ability to manage smart technologies effectively is key to the field of Human Data Interaction (HDI), which seeks to shape systems design and empower users by implementing core principles of legibility, agency …

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Embodiments Of Compassion In Caring And Non-Caring Products: Exploring Design For Values With A Multisensory Approach, Benedetta Lusi, Geke Ludden, Randy Klaassen, Charlotte Marie Van Lotringen, Matthijs Noordzij Jun 2022

Embodiments Of Compassion In Caring And Non-Caring Products: Exploring Design For Values With A Multisensory Approach, Benedetta Lusi, Geke Ludden, Randy Klaassen, Charlotte Marie Van Lotringen, Matthijs Noordzij

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores how to design for the value of compassion by means of multi-sensory design. It reports on a study with 77 university students, carried out in the context of a design master course. The study, divided in two phases, focuses on: 1) identifying sensory qualities as requirements to design for the value of compassion; 2) embedding these requirements in caring and non-caring products. To describe the design process, we present a student-led case study. Subsequently, we analyse the results of the study and critically reflect on the different expressions of compassion and competing values. This paper provides methodological …

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