Digital Commons Network^™

Developing Micropropagation Protocol For Euonymus Species And Evaluating Oryzalin Treatments For Polyploid Development, Maram Milad

Plant Sciences

Euonymus has invasive traits such as high seed production and good seed viability. Development of sterile, polyploid cultivars could prevent euonymus from invading native ecosystems. Oryzalin is a commonly used mutagen for chromosome doubling. The aims of this research were to develop a micropropagation protocol and to establish a protocol for inducing polyploids (tetraploids) for two euonymus species, E. bungeanus and E. turkestanicus. Micropropagation was successful. MS with 1 µM BA performed better for E. turkestanicus. MS with 1 or 2 µM BA outperformed the other treatments for propagation number for both species. IBA addition was successful, but root initiation …

Shipwrecks Act As De Facto Marine Protected Areas In Areas Of Heavy Fishing Pressure, Jenny Hickman, Joe Richards, Adam Rees, Emma V. Sheehan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Ubiquitous, industrial use of bottom‐towed fishing gear since the 1800s has altered marine communities and ecosystem services. Outside of legal protection, only areas inaccessible to trawlers are offered any protection. Shipwrecks present hazards to fishing gear and are rarely subject to trawling pressure. As many have been in situ for >100 years, they offer a baseline of ecological potential when trawling pressure is reduced or removed. Five shipwrecks were surveyed off the Berwickshire coast, some within the Static Gear Reserve and others outside. Video transects were collected of shipwrecks, the surrounding 50 m radius and control locations >150 m from …

I Hope The Final Judgment’S Fair: Alternative Jurisprudences, Legal Decision-Making, And Justice, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

At the core of any legal decision is an assumption that the decision will be “fair,” yet this is an elusive term. A close study of cases involving criminal defendants with mental disabilities shows that many (perhaps most) of the decisions involving this cohort are not “fair” in the contexts of due process and justice. If legal decisions reflect principles such as procedural justice, restorative justice, and therapeutic jurisprudence, the chances of such fairness will be significantly enhanced. This chapter explains why this goal of fairness, in the context of these cases, can never be met absent a consideration of …

Repealing Single-Family Zoning Is Not Enough: A Proposal For Removing Existing Parallel Private Covenants For Violating Public Policy, Gerald Korngold

Articles & Chapters

The United States is currently suffering a pervasive and unsettling shortage of housing and increased housing unaffordability. Rents are at an all-time high, which has a disproportionate impact on people of color and people earning lower incomes as they are more likely to rent rather than owns their homes. Moreover, people solidly in the middle class are finding it increasingly difficult to purchase residences within their budgets.

Critics have identified “single-family zoning”—allowing only one single-family home per lot--as a major cause of housing supply and affordability problems. In response, a handful of states and cities have recently passed legislation that …

Public Confidence, Judges, And Politics On And Off The Bench, Bruce Green, Rebecca Roiphe

Articles & Chapters

Public confidence in the judiciary is at a low point. There are multiple reasons for the public’s waning faith in judges, but the perception that they are merely politicians in robes plays a significant part. This article analyzes the politicization of the judiciary and argues that while ideology invariably affects judicial decisionmaking, the professional identity of judges limits its impact. A commitment to judicial norms and processes as well as a concern for professional reputation serve as a real break on partisan loyalty and affiliation. The task is to preserve and promote this professional identity and convey to the public …

How And When Do We Get To Maybe? | Book Review, Kris Franklin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Queer Trademarks, Michael Goodyear

Articles & Chapters

LGBTQ+ slurs can now be registered as trademarks. The U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in Matal v. Tam and Iancu v. Brunetti allowed federal registration of disparaging, immoral, or scandalous trademarks. Appellee Simon Tam cheered, hoping that these decisions would usher in a new era of minority communities reappropriating harmful and offensive terms steeped in hate and prejudice. Others were less optimistic. Advocacy organizations, scholars, and others worried that these decisions opened the floodgates to the United States Patent and Trademark Office registering the vilest and most prejudicial terms in the U.S. lexicon to ossify hatred. Only time would tell who …

On International Law And Gaza: Critical Reflections | Humanity Law Redux And Its Rule Of Law, Ruti G. Teitel

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Information Extraction From The Reviews Of Ai Applications Using Sas Text Mining Process, Imranul Kabir Chowdhury, Wen Bin Yu

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

The recent surge in AI advancements, particularly generative AI, has grabbed the attention of major tech companies who are all striving to integrate it seamlessly into their products. This highlights the need to evaluate the various AI products on the market and identify the features that resonate most with users. SAS Enterprise Miner, a powerful text analysis tool, can be used to uncover hidden insights from user reviews. In this study, we will leverage various SAS functions to analyze reviews of different AI applications. By analyzing these reviews, we aim to pinpoint the unique strengths of these AI applications and …

Light Up Or Burn Out: Self-Care Strategies For Those Who Serve The Suffering, Emily Hervey

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

This book is made to first help leaders and caregivers understand the risks of negative responses to stress, trauma, and burnout prevention. Understanding the needs of those facing crises and trauma is an initial step toward offering effective care. Assessment tools are included to help identify some of those needs and vulnerabilities, both for the caregiver and the people being served.

The second component is discovering strategic ways to maximize resources, including promoting resilience and enhancing care for oneself and others on physical, emotional, and spiritual levels. The same principles of care we use for our own wellbeing can be …

Association Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Use And Change In Alcohol Consumption: A Systematic Review, Mohsan Subhani, Ashwin Dhanda, James A. King, Fiona C. Warren, Siobhan Creanor, Melanie J. Davies, Sally Eldeghaidy, Stephen Bawden, Penny A. Gowland, Ramon Bataller, Justin Greenwood, Stephen Kaar, Neeraj Bhala, Guruprasad P. Aithal

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Despite the availability of various pharmacological and behavioural interventions, alcohol-related mortality is rising. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the existing literature on the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use (GLP-1 RAs) and alcohol consumption. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted on Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, clintrials.gov, and ProQuest until the end of March 2024. An updated search was done on 7th of August 2024. The primary outcome was to explore the association between GLP-1 RAs use and change in alcohol consumption. Secondary outcomes included evaluating the impact of GLP-1 RAs on occurrences of alcohol-related events, healthcare utilisation, …

Bioprinting With Adipose Stem Cells And Hydrogel Modified With Bioactive Glass, Krishna C.R. Kolan, Apurv Saxena, Bradley A. Bromet, Lesa B. Steen, August T. Bindbeutel, Julie A. Semon, Delbert E. Day, Ming C. Leu

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bioprinting research is focused on utilizing growth factors and multiple cell types to create clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) tissue models using hydrogels. Rheological and biological challenges are two main factors that limit the creation of extrudable bioactive hydrogels. In this study, we investigate incorporation of fast dissolving and bioactive borate glass in different weight to volume percentages (0.075 to 0.6%) to alginate-gelatin (1:1) hydrogel to improve rheological properties and enable bioprinting with bioactive glass. The addition of glass improved the stiffness of the hydrogel. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) were uniformly mixed in this bioink at 1 x 106 …

Advancing Human Rights And The Rule Of Law In Haiti, Kate E. Bloch, Ariel Chéry, Marie Gerda Dorcy, Roxane Edmond Dimanche, Yvon Janvier, Maxo Mezilas, Benjamin Trouille

Faculty Scholarship

The rule of law in Haiti is precarious. The ESCDROJ law school clinic in the town of Jérémie champions indigent individuals whose human rights are under siege during their prolonged and unconstitutional pre-trial connement in prison. To our knowledge, it is the only operating in-house law school clinic in Ha1iti. Despite myriad obstacles, during its initial pre-pandemic period of op- eration in 2018-2019, the inaugural clinic team represented clients in 43 cases brought to trial and succeeded in garnering the release of 25 of those individuals. That is a trial release success rate of over 58%. Subsequently, however, the ad- …

Education Equity And Brown: Reform, Retrenchment, And Exclusionary School Discipline, Thalia Gonzalez, Will Martel

Faculty Scholarship

Public schools have served as sites of social, political, and legal contestation since their inception in the United States. And, while the pathways of racialized inequalities have arguably waxed and waned, threats of exclusion and segregation—constituted and governed by anti-Blackness—have cast a long shadow on the promise of educational equity. In response to the central provocation of the 2024 Georgetown Journal of Law & Modern Critical Race Perspectives symposium—revisiting Brown v. Board of Education and the struggle for racial equity in education—this Essay seeks to (re)connect the past and present. More directly, through the Critical Race Theory reform and retrenchment …

Racial Reckoning And The Police-Free Schools Movement, Thalia Gonzalez, Rebecca Epstein

Faculty Scholarship

Across the country, students of color face daily threats of arrest, exclusion, and violence at the hands of school police officers. Whether deemed threatening, defiant, or hypersexualized, Black students, in particular, pay a heavy price to access their right to free public education. Despite victories in dismantling educational carcerality since the mid-2000s, efforts to formally remove police from public schools has been limited. However, during the 2020 racial reckonings, political opportunity catalyzed social movement campaigns, resulting in the passage of sixty-nine police-free policies. This represented an inflection point for civil rights, education justice, and police abolition scholars and activists. This …

Utilizing Low-Tech Portable Caterpillar Tunnels To Increase Productivity Of Warm-Season Vegetables And Small Fruits, Bijaya Ghimire

Plant Sciences

High tunnels and greenhouses effectively extend the growing season and protect crops from adverse environmental conditions. However, production in the less expensive and portable caterpillar tunnel has not been reported. The research aimed to evaluate the phenology, yield and quality of eight paste tomato, eight bell pepper, and two cold-hardy wine grapes grown in the caterpillar tunnel compared to the open field. In 2022, tomato and bell pepper cultivars were severely affected by tomato spotted wilt virus. Caterpillar tunnels extended the growing season and accelerated the key phenological stages of all three species. The tunnel increased the yield and quality …

Suicidality Among Black Women: Considering Resiliency Within The Historic And Societal Context Of Risk, Samantha J. North

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Suicide is a global health challenge that has been historically understudied among Black women. The interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidality (IPTS) is a primary theory examined in suicidality; however, the three factors within the theory (lack of belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and capability to die) focus on the individual. The purpose of the current study was to examine these factors in an expanded context of the historical and societal impact of oppression. A mixed methods Qualtrics study was administered to Black women who voluntarily completed the survey anonymously. Quantitatively, the study found significant differences between the impact of the IPTS factors on …

Incivility In Open Source Projects: A Comprehensive Annotated Dataset Of Locked Github Issue Threads, Ramtin Ehsani, Mia Mohammad Imran, Robert Zita, Kostadin Damevski, Preetha Chatterjee

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the dynamic landscape of open-source software (OSS) development, understanding and addressing incivility within issue discussions is crucial for fostering healthy and productive collaborations. This paper presents a curated dataset of 404 locked GitHub issue discussion threads and 5961 individual comments, collected from 213 OSS projects. We annotated the comments with various categories of incivility using Tone Bearing Discussion Features (TBDFs), and, for each issue thread, we annotated the triggers, targets, and consequences of incivility. We observed that Bitter frustration, Impatience, and Mocking are the most prevalent TBDFs exhibited in our dataset. The most common triggers, targets, and consequences of …

Shedding Light On Software Engineering-Specific Metaphors And Idioms, Mia Mohammad Imran, Preetha Chatterjee, Kostadin Damevski

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Use of figurative language, such as metaphors and idioms, is common in our daily-life communications, and it can also be found in Software Engineering (SE) channels, such as comments on GitHub. Automatically interpreting figurative language is a challenging task, even with modern Large Language Models (LLMs), as it often involves subtle nuances. This is particularly true in the SE domain, where figurative language is frequently used to convey technical concepts, often bearing developer affect (e.g., 'spaghetti code). Surprisingly, there is a lack of studies on how figurative language in SE communications impacts the performance of automatic tools that focus on …

Uncovering The Causes Of Emotions In Software Developer Communication Using Zero-Shot Llms, Mia Mohammad Imran, Preetha Chatterjee, Kostadin Damevski

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Understanding and identifying the causes behind developers' emotions (e.g., Frustration caused by 'delays in merging pull requests') can be crucial towards finding solutions to problems and fostering collaboration in open-source communities. Effectively identifying such information in the high volume of communications across the different project channels, such as chats, emails, and issue comments, requires automated recognition of emotions and their causes. To enable this automation, large-scale software engineering-specific datasets that can be used to train accurate machine learning models are required. However, such datasets are expensive to create with the variety and informal nature of software projects' communication channels. In …

Trusted Digital Twin Network For Intelligent Vehicles, Asad Malik, Ayan Roy, Sanjay Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) infrastructure facilitates wireless communication among vehicles within close proximity. This allows sharing of contextual information such as speed, location, direction, traffic, route closures, human behavior mental conditions to improve traffic flow, reduce collisions, and enhance safety on the road. However, the assumption of honest peers along with the over-reliability on the information shared in the network can pose a serious threat to human safety. A digital twin is a concept that enables a system to develop a virtual environment that mimics the real-life scenario for any situation. The availability of powerful computing equipment inside vehicles can be leveraged …

Cav-Ad: A Robust Framework For Detection Of Anomalous Data And Malicious Sensors In Cav Networks, Md Sazedur Rahman, Mohamed Elmahallawy, Sanjay Madria, Samuel Frimpong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The adoption of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has sparked considerable interest across diverse industries, including public transportation, underground mining, and agriculture sectors. However, CAVs' reliance on sensor readings makes them vulnerable to significant threats. Manipulating these readings can compromise CAV network security, posing serious risks for malicious activities. Although several anomaly detection (AD) approaches for CAV networks are proposed, they often fail to: i) detect multiple anomalies in specific sensor(s) with high accuracy or F1 score, and ii) identify the specific sensor being attacked. In response, this paper proposes a novel framework tailored to CAV networks, called CAV-AD, for …

Smart Connected Farms And Networked Farmers To Improve Crop Production, Sustainability And Profitability, Asheesh K. Singh, Behzad J. Balabaygloo, Barituka Bekee, Samuel W. Blair, Suzanne Fey, Fateme Fotouhi, Ashish Gupta, Amit Jha, Jorge C. Martinez-Palomares, Kevin Menke, Aaron Prestholt, Vishesh K. Tanwar, Xu Tao, Anusha Vangala, Matthew E. Carroll, Sajal K. Das, Guilherme Depaula

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

To meet the grand challenges of agricultural production including climate change impacts on crop production, a tight integration of social science, technology and agriculture experts including farmers are needed. Rapid advances in information and communication technology, precision agriculture and data analytics, are creating a perfect opportunity for the creation of smart connected farms (SCFs) and networked farmers. a network and coordinated farmer network provide unique advantages to farmers to enhance farm production and profitability, while tackling adverse climate events. the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in SCF including the …

Book Reviews, Glen O'Brien, Zachariah S. Motts, Roderick T. Leupp, Jonathan Tysick, Duane F. Watson, William B. Bowes

The Asbury Journal

No abstract provided.

An Approach To The History Of Missions In The Church Of The Nazarene In Cuba, Mirelys Correoso Calzadilla

The Asbury Journal

The history of a church is impossible to tell if the chronicles of its missions are ignored. It is the latter that give it life and continuity. This article aims to present a brief historical review of the development of the missions in the Church of the Nazarene in Cuba. We begin with Miss Leona Gardner, a North American missionary, who arrived on the island in 1902. She preached the gospel in the area of Casilda, Trinidad, in the former province of Santi Espíritus, for 25 years. The merit lies in the fact that although she did not manage to …

Gender Difference On Internal Equity: Evidence From The Hospitality Industry In Ghana, Patricia Peprah

Faculty Publications

It is a hypothetical position that employees in the hospitality industry in Ghana experience salary disparities based on the gender of the employee. Pay disparities exist because of unconscious biases in areas such as hiring, promotions, performance reviews, and salary decisions. In ensuring equal pay for equal work to fulfill the International Labor Organization (ILO) convention, this study investigated the internal equity pay of the employees in Ghana's hospitality industry based on equal work. This quantitative association study adopted a self-constructed research instrument to measure internal equity pay and randomly selected 350 respondents in the hospitality industry in Ghana to …

Managing Differences In The Family, Alina M. Baltazar

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Mediating Effect Of Financial Literacy On Blockchain Technology Application And Financial Risk: Insight From Ghanaian Professionals Toward Policy Recommendations, Maxwell Okpoti Mensah, Williams Kwasi Peprah [email protected]

Faculty Publications

This study explores the mediating effect of financial literacy on the relationship between blockchain technology application and financial risk among financial institution professionals in Ghana. Utilizing a correlational research design, data were collected from a sample of 336 professionals through a self-constructed Likert-scale questionnaire. The analysis was conducted using path analysis and mediation techniques. The findings reveal that financial literacy had a significant partial mediating effect between blockchain technology application and financial risk, accounting for 26.0% of the total effect. The direct negative effect of blockchain technology applications on financial risk also remained significant, highlighting the independent contribution of blockchain …

A Comparative Analysis Of School Choice Factors Influencing Non-Collegiate Flight School Selections Between Groups Of Nontraditional, Traditional, And Teenage Student Pilots, Jingmin Jin

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

To assist with exploring strategies for effectively promoting vocational noncollegiate flight schools to diverse student markets of nontraditional student pilots, traditional student pilots, and teenage student pilots, this study compared and analyzed school choice factors of marketing approaches, relevant people, institutional features, and training program features that influenced these three groups of student pilots’ school selections. The study data was collected via a survey questionnaire, and the sample included 176 participants. There were 42 choice factor survey items, and the participants were guided to rate the level of influence of each factor on their school choice decisions. Descriptive statistics and …

Career Choice Motivation For Professional Pilots, Brett Watts, Tamilla Curtis, Scott Ambrose

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This study identified key motivational factors of current flight training students to better understand how individuals are motivated to pursue a career in aviation. The theoretical framework used in this study was based upon self-determination theory, as originally introduced by Deci and Ryan (2000).The research approach for this study was a semi-structured interview process where students were asked eight foundational career motivation source questions and their responses were organized into career choice motivation categories. Results showed most participants became motivated to pursue a piloting career at a very young age. This early motivation was largely due to influence from third …