Digital Commons Network^™

Thinking Backwards About Time, D. P. Sheehan

Physics and Biophysics: Faculty Scholarship

The concept of time in physics and its connection to consciousness are becoming increasingly problematic. A missing ingredient to both could be retrocausation — the temporal inverse of everyday causation — in which the future influences the past. Apparent evidence for it is in the phenomenon of precognition. Thus far, psychology and physics have assiduously avoided incorporating precognition into their paradigms, even though experimental evidence for it is substantial. Among many noteworthy studies, the Graff–Cyrus experiment is explicated here as an outstanding example of the phenomenon. It is hoped that consciousness, retrocausation, and precognition can be accommodated within the current …

Exploring Forward Scattering Mechanisms In Tio2 With Carbon Quantum Dots: Insights Into Photovoltaic Applications, Mona Samir, Zahraa Ismail, Ahmed M. Agour, Hassan Nageh, Sameh O. Abdellatif

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

2024 January 18 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries

No abstract provided.

Study On Safety Evaluation Of Parallel Escape Laneson Mountain Expressways, Liu Weiwei, Wan Hang, Zhao Yifei, Zhao Yan, Qi Chenxu

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Based on the AHP-TOPSIS method, a safety evaluation model of parallel escape lanes on mountainous expressways was established. The AHP method was used to classify and aggregate the related factors affecting the safety of parallel escape lanes, and a safety evaluation index system of target layer, criterion layer, and index layer was established. By using the “1–9 scale method” and combining expert opinions, the weights of single-layer indexes, comprehensive weights, and comprehensive weight sequences were determined. The close degree between the evaluation scheme and the positive ideal solution was calculated by the TOPSIS method, and the corresponding relationship between the …

Estate Of Dr Richard Lieberman V. Playa Dulce Vida Sa

2024 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Electric Fields In The Atmosphere Might Help Snow Crystals Form, Joseph Cooney

Research on Capitol Hill

Orographic clouds generally form over mountains when valleys are sunny. The unstable atmosphere can trigger clouds over the mountains, which can be convective. When this happens, the cloud particles (water droplets and ice particles) become charged, ultimately creating ice crystals. I wanted to evaluate the impact of electricity on the formation of ice crystals and built a computer simulation to do so.

Spring Semester 2024, Georgia Southern University

Academic Calendars

No abstract provided.

Study On Correlation Between Surface And Base Cracks Of Expressways In Winter Cold Region, Wang Yuan, Jia Qinlong, Fan Xiaoyan, Xue Honghua, Zhang Wentao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To accurately control the crack diseases of semi-rigid base pavement structures in cold regions, this paper applied the theory of mathematical statistical analysis to investigate and statistically analyze the 66 km pavement crack data of two highways. Meanwhile, data analysis was adopted to study the correlation between surface cracks and base cracks, and the prevention and control effect of asphalt-stabilized cobble replacement on cracks in the original 20 m/lane pre-cut cracks and damaged base was analyzed. The results show that the pavement structure consists of a 16 cm asphalt surface layer and a 36 cm cement-stabilized cobble base layer. The …

Research On Comprehensive Early Warning System With Multi⁃Indicators For Long⁃Span Steel Arch Bridges, Zhang Yuanchuan, Su Cheng, Wang Yonghui, Zheng Chun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To detect structural abnormalities timely and ensure the safe operation of bridges, this paper took the health monitoring system of Xinguang Bridge in Guangzhou as the engineering background, and conducted research on a comprehensive multi-indicator early warning system for large-span steel arch bridges. Meanwhile, it selected multiple warning indicators from the categories of environmental effects and structural responses, set early warning indicator thresholds based on the distribution pattern of measured data, and formulated scoring standards for early warning indicators to score each early warning indicator. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to determine the weight of various early warning …

Bond Slip Characteristics Of Hb⁃Frp Based On Arc⁃Length Method, Xu Xiangfeng, Li Pengfei, Li Xinxin, Zhang Luke, Gao Lei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The bonding performance between hybrid bonding FRP (HB-FRP) and concrete is crucial for HB-FRP reinforcement of concrete structures. This paper built a simple shear numerical model for HB-FRP, which considered both the interfacial bond slip between FRP and concrete by adopting bilinear constitutive analysis, and the interfacial bond slip at the steel fastener location by employing trilinear constitutive analysis. Meanwhile, the bond slip properties at the steel fastener location were simulated by double springs. Based on the arc-length method, the entire process of loading and unloading of the HB-FRP simple shear model was carried out to study its stress performance. …

Numerical Study On Effect Of Heterogenicity On Micro⁃Cracking Behavior Of Cement⁃Stabilized Macadam Material, Dong Qiao, Yuan Jiawei, Zhao Xiaokang, Chen Xueqin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To investigate the effect of heterogeneity of cement mortar on the micro-cracking behavior of cement-stabilized macadam (CSM) material, this paper built a circular aggregate micro-fracture model based on the finite element method (FEM). Meanwhile, the micro-cracking behavior of the material was simulated by embedding a zero-thickness cohesive element with a bilinear cohesive zone model, and the material random field with Weibull distribution was introduced to characterize the heterogeneity characteristics of the mortar matrix and interface transition zone (ITZ). Based on virtual semicircular bending (SCB) tests, this paper simulated the micro-cracking process and analyzed the influence of material homogeneity on the …

Study On Correlation Between Surface And Base Cracks Of Expressways In Winter Cold Region, Wang Yuan, Jia Qinlong, Fan Xiaoyan, Xue Honghua, Zhang Wentao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To accurately control the crack diseases of semi-rigid base pavement structures in cold regions, this paper applied the theory of mathematical statistical analysis to investigate and statistically analyze the 66 km pavement crack data of two highways. Meanwhile, data analysis was adopted to study the correlation between surface cracks and base cracks, and the prevention and control effect of asphalt-stabilized cobble replacement on cracks in the original 20 m/lane pre-cut cracks and damaged base was analyzed. The results show that the pavement structure consists of a 16 cm asphalt surface layer and a 36 cm cement-stabilized cobble base layer. The …

Research On Comprehensive Early Warning System With Multi⁃Indicators For Long⁃Span Steel Arch Bridges, Zhang Yuanchuan, Su Cheng, Wang Yonghui, Zheng Chun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To detect structural abnormalities timely and ensure the safe operation of bridges, this paper took the health monitoring system of Xinguang Bridge in Guangzhou as the engineering background, and conducted research on a comprehensive multi-indicator early warning system for large-span steel arch bridges. Meanwhile, it selected multiple warning indicators from the categories of environmental effects and structural responses, set early warning indicator thresholds based on the distribution pattern of measured data, and formulated scoring standards for early warning indicators to score each early warning indicator. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to determine the weight of various early warning …

Bond Slip Characteristics Of Hb⁃Frp Based On Arc⁃Length Method, Xu Xiangfeng, Li Pengfei, Li Xinxin, Zhang Luke, Gao Lei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The bonding performance between hybrid bonding FRP (HB-FRP) and concrete is crucial for HB-FRP reinforcement of concrete structures. This paper built a simple shear numerical model for HB-FRP, which considered both the interfacial bond slip between FRP and concrete by adopting bilinear constitutive analysis, and the interfacial bond slip at the steel fastener location by employing trilinear constitutive analysis. Meanwhile, the bond slip properties at the steel fastener location were simulated by double springs. Based on the arc-length method, the entire process of loading and unloading of the HB-FRP simple shear model was carried out to study its stress performance. …

Numerical Study On Effect Of Heterogenicity On Micro⁃Cracking Behavior Of Cement⁃Stabilized Macadam Material, Dong Qiao, Yuan Jiawei, Zhao Xiaokang, Chen Xueqin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To investigate the effect of heterogeneity of cement mortar on the micro-cracking behavior of cement-stabilized macadam (CSM) material, this paper built a circular aggregate micro-fracture model based on the finite element method (FEM). Meanwhile, the micro-cracking behavior of the material was simulated by embedding a zero-thickness cohesive element with a bilinear cohesive zone model, and the material random field with Weibull distribution was introduced to characterize the heterogeneity characteristics of the mortar matrix and interface transition zone (ITZ). Based on virtual semicircular bending (SCB) tests, this paper simulated the micro-cracking process and analyzed the influence of material homogeneity on the …

Study On Correlation Between Surface And Base Cracks Of Expressways In Winter Cold Region, Wang Yuan, Jia Qinlong, Fan Xiaoyan, Xue Honghua, Zhang Wentao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To accurately control the crack diseases of semi-rigid base pavement structures in cold regions, this paper applied the theory of mathematical statistical analysis to investigate and statistically analyze the 66 km pavement crack data of two highways. Meanwhile, data analysis was adopted to study the correlation between surface cracks and base cracks, and the prevention and control effect of asphalt-stabilized cobble replacement on cracks in the original 20 m/lane pre-cut cracks and damaged base was analyzed. The results show that the pavement structure consists of a 16 cm asphalt surface layer and a 36 cm cement-stabilized cobble base layer. The …

Research On Comprehensive Early Warning System With Multi⁃Indicators For Long⁃Span Steel Arch Bridges, Zhang Yuanchuan, Su Cheng, Wang Yonghui, Zheng Chun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To detect structural abnormalities timely and ensure the safe operation of bridges, this paper took the health monitoring system of Xinguang Bridge in Guangzhou as the engineering background, and conducted research on a comprehensive multi-indicator early warning system for large-span steel arch bridges. Meanwhile, it selected multiple warning indicators from the categories of environmental effects and structural responses, set early warning indicator thresholds based on the distribution pattern of measured data, and formulated scoring standards for early warning indicators to score each early warning indicator. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to determine the weight of various early warning …

Bond Slip Characteristics Of Hb⁃Frp Based On Arc⁃Length Method, Xu Xiangfeng, Li Pengfei, Li Xinxin, Zhang Luke, Gao Lei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The bonding performance between hybrid bonding FRP (HB-FRP) and concrete is crucial for HB-FRP reinforcement of concrete structures. This paper built a simple shear numerical model for HB-FRP, which considered both the interfacial bond slip between FRP and concrete by adopting bilinear constitutive analysis, and the interfacial bond slip at the steel fastener location by employing trilinear constitutive analysis. Meanwhile, the bond slip properties at the steel fastener location were simulated by double springs. Based on the arc-length method, the entire process of loading and unloading of the HB-FRP simple shear model was carried out to study its stress performance. …

Numerical Study On Effect Of Heterogenicity On Micro⁃Cracking Behavior Of Cement⁃Stabilized Macadam Material, Dong Qiao, Yuan Jiawei, Zhao Xiaokang, Chen Xueqin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To investigate the effect of heterogeneity of cement mortar on the micro-cracking behavior of cement-stabilized macadam (CSM) material, this paper built a circular aggregate micro-fracture model based on the finite element method (FEM). Meanwhile, the micro-cracking behavior of the material was simulated by embedding a zero-thickness cohesive element with a bilinear cohesive zone model, and the material random field with Weibull distribution was introduced to characterize the heterogeneity characteristics of the mortar matrix and interface transition zone (ITZ). Based on virtual semicircular bending (SCB) tests, this paper simulated the micro-cracking process and analyzed the influence of material homogeneity on the …

Equilibrium Points And Their Stability Of Covid-19 In Us, Xiaoxi Hu, Zixin Hu, Tao Xu, Kai Zhang, Henry H Lu, Jinying Zhao, Eric Boerwinkle, Li Jin, Momiao Xiong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study aims to develop an advanced mathematic model and investigate when and how will the COVID-19 in the US be evolved to endemic. We employed a nonlinear ordinary differential equations-based model to simulate COVID-19 transmission dynamics, factoring in vaccination efforts. Multi-stability analysis was performed on daily new infection data from January 12, 2021 to December 12, 2022 across 50 states in the US. Key indices such as eigenvalues and the basic reproduction number were utilized to evaluate stability and investigate how the pandemic COVD-19 will evolve to endemic in the US. The transmissional, recovery, vaccination rates, vaccination effectiveness, eigenvalues …

A Unified Approach To Second And Third Degree Price Discrimination, Dirk Bergemann, Tibor Heumann, Michael C. Wang

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We analyze the welfare impact of a monopolist able to segment a multiproduct market and offer differentiated price menus within each segment. We characterize a family of extremal distributions such that all achievable welfare outcomes can be reached by selecting segments from within these distributions. This family of distributions arises as the solution to the consumer maximizing distribution of values for multigood markets. With these results, we analyze the effect of segmentation on consumer surplus and prices in both interior and extremal markets, including conditions under which there exists a segmentation benefiting all consumers. Finally, we present an efficient algorithm …

Translating The Potential Of The Urine Steroid Metabolome To Stage Nafld (Trust-Nafld): Study Protocol For A Multicentre, Prospective Validation Study, Hamish Miller, David Harman, Guruprasad Padur Aithal, Pinelopi Manousou, Jeremy F. Cobbold, Richard Parker, David Sheridan, Philip N. Newsome, Fredrik Karpe, Matthew Neville, Wiebke Arlt, Alice J. Sitch, Marta Korbonits, Michael Biehl, William Alazawi, Jeremy W. Tomlinson

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately one in four individuals and its prevalence continues to rise. The advanced stages of NAFLD with significant liver fibrosis are associated with adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes. Currently, liver biopsy remains the 'gold-standard' approach to stage NAFLD severity. Although generally well tolerated, liver biopsies are associated with significant complications, are resource intensive, costly, and sample only a very small area of the liver as well as requiring day case admission to a secondary care setting. As a result, there is a significant unmet need to develop non-invasive biomarkers that can accurately stage …

Determining Critical Nodes In Optimal Cost Attacks On Networked Infrastructures, Ishfaq Ahmad, Addison Clark, Muhammad Ali, Hansheng Lei, David Ferris, Alex Aved

Informatics and Engineering Systems Faculty Publications

A wide range of critical infrastructures are connected via wide area networks as well as the Internet-of-Thing (IoT). Apart from natural disasters, these infrastructures, providing services such as electricity, water, gas, and Internet, are vulnerable to terrorist attacks. Clearly, damages to these infrastructures can have dire consequences on economics, health services, security and safety, and various business sectors. An infrastructure network can be represented as a directed graph in which nodes and edges denote operation entities and dependencies between entities, respectively. A knowledgeable attacker who plans to harm the system would aim to use the minimum amount of effort, cost, …

Neutrosophic Linguistic Valued Hypersoft Set With Application: Medical Diagnosis And Treatment, Muhammad Saqlain, Poom Kumam, Wiyada Kumam

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

The Minimum Spanning Tree Problem On Networks With Neutrosophic Numbers, Kalyan Adhikary, Prashnatita Pal, Jayanta Poray

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Sine Trigonometric Aggregation Operators With Single-Valued Neutrosophic Z-Numbers: Application In Business Site Selection, Muhammad Kamran, Nadeem Salamat, Muhammad Shazib Hameed

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Predicting Radiotherapy Patient Outcomes With Real-Time Clinical Data Using Mathematical Modelling, Alexander P Browning, Thomas D Lewin, Ruth E Baker, Philip K Maini, Eduardo G Moros, Jimmy Caudell, Helen M Byrne, Heiko Enderling

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Longitudinal tumour volume data from head-and-neck cancer patients show that tumours of comparable pre-treatment size and stage may respond very differently to the same radiotherapy fractionation protocol. Mathematical models are often proposed to predict treatment outcome in this context, and have the potential to guide clinical decision-making and inform personalised fractionation protocols. Hindering effective use of models in this context is the sparsity of clinical measurements juxtaposed with the model complexity required to produce the full range of possible patient responses. In this work, we present a compartment model of tumour volume and tumour composition, which, despite relative simplicity, is …

Evaluation Of Seven Satellite-Based And Two Reanalysis Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Products, Zijing Xie, Yunjun Yao, Qingxin Tang, Meng Liu, Joshua B. Fisher, Jiquan Chen, Xiaotong Zhang, Kun Jia, Yufu Li, Ke Shang, Bo Jiang, Junming Yang, Ruiyang Yu, Xueyi Zhang, Xiaozheng Guo, Lu Liu, Jing Ning, Jiahui Fan, Lilin Zhang

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Although comprehensive evaluation of different types of global terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) products has been conducted, the satellite remote sensing techniques have prompted the development of several available global ET products, warranting a reassessment as products continue to evolve. Recently, we produced the long-term Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) ET product, but there is a lack of comparison and evaluation with other ET products and EC observations on a global scale. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy and uncertainty of seven satellite-based (GLASS-AVHRR, GLASS-MODIS, BESS, FLUXCOM, GLEAM, MOD16, and PML_V2) and two reanalysis (ERA5 and MERRA2) global terrestrial ET products …

Self-Consistent Phonon Calculations And Quartic Anharmonic Lattice Thermal Conductivity In 2d Ins Monolayer, Eesha Andharia, Hind Alqurashi, Abhiyan Pandit, Bothina Hamad

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Low lattice thermal conductivity (κ_l) is a crucial factor for higher figure-of merit and hence the efficiency of thermoelectric generators. There are several reports on intrinsically low κ_l values in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials using density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. In general, phonon dispersions are studied at absolute zero temperature using the finite-displacement approach within harmonic approximations. In addition, the κ_l is calculated using the third-order cubic interatomic force constants (IFCs) by solving the Boltzmann transport equation for phonons. In these calculations, we use quartic IFCs to solve self-consistent phonon equations …

Revealing Chronic Disease Progression Patterns Using Gaussian Process For Stage Inference, Yanfei Wang, Weiling Zhao, Angela Ross, Lei You, Hongyu Wang, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The early stages of chronic disease typically progress slowly, so symptoms are usually only noticed until the disease is advanced. Slow progression and heterogeneous manifestations make it challenging to model the transition from normal to disease status. As patient conditions are only observed at discrete timestamps with varying intervals, an incomplete understanding of disease progression and heterogeneity affects clinical practice and drug development.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed the Gaussian Process for Stage Inference (GPSI) approach to uncover chronic disease progression patterns and assess the dynamic contribution of clinical features. We tested the ability of the GPSI to reliably …