Digital Commons Network^™

Operating Efficiency In Accommodation Units And Its Impact On The Design Of Comprehensive Single Patient Rooms In Hospitals, نهال نبيل محمد مصطفي ، احمد هلال محمد محمد ، نادي مصطفي عبد الكريم

Journal of Engineering Research

هناك الكثير من التحديات التشغيلية والتنظيمية التي تواجهها المجموعات المهنية المختلفة داخل وحدات الإقامة في المستشفيات بسبب عدم كفاية معايير التصميم الموضوعة بالاحتياجات المطلوبة خاصة بغرف المرضي، ومن اهم التحديات التي يواجهها الاطباء وفرق التمريض والفنيين وغيرهم. القدرة السلسة على دخول غرفة المريض والتفاعل مع عناصر الغرفة بشكل واضح دون حدوث تصادمات او احتكاكات، كذلك القدرة علي القيام بالأعمال التحضيرية المتعلقة بالأنشطة التمريضية المطلوبة داخل غرف المرضي وتشمل كافة الأنشطة التي يقوم بها الشخص المهني سواء اكان طبيب ام تمريض ام فني منذ لحظة دخوله غرفة المريض وحتي اداءه المهمة المطلوبة. ويجب ان تتم هذه المهام بشكل مريح وباستجابة سريعة …

Food Waste And Composting In Georgetown County, Kendal Mackison

Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

No abstract provided.

Overview Of The Nsf Eng/Cbet Division: Core Programs And Convergence Research Opportunities, Nora Savage

Nanotechnology Convergence for Sustainable Energy, Environment, Climate Change and Health: a US-Africa Conference

Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

An Information Geometric Analysis Of A Shallow-Water Waveguide Using Vgs Parametrization, Michelle Wang

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In geoacoustic inversion, selecting an appropriate seabed parametrization, especially with an unknown number of sediment layers, is a challenge that is compounded by potential bias when establishing bounds in the parameter search space. One approach to addressing these issues is rooted in the techniques of Information geometry. Information geometry informs model selection and parameterization by quantifying which model parameters are informed by observational data. This paper provides an information geometric analysis of a shallow-water waveguide, where the acoustic properties of the lower half-space are derived from the viscous grain-shearing (VGS) model.

Specifically, we consider single-frequency transmission loss (TL) across a …

A New Approach To Counting Fossil And Modern Pollen Grains:: The Orderly Count, Tutku Tuncalı Yaman, Bikem Ekberzade, Hülya Caner, Ruya Y. Dagdeviren, Sena Inkaya, Nurgul K. Kılıc, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Fabienne Marret, Cetin Senkul, Jessie Woodbridge, Meral Avci

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Palynology, the study of pollen and spores, plays a crucial role in various scientific disciplines, including earth sciences (paleovegetation and paleoclimatology), botany, allergy, archaeology, forensic sciencs and cosmetics. This study delves into the critical question in fossil pollen analysis studies: the minimum count of pollen grains required for accurate estimation of vegetation composition. Various statistical methods have been proposed over the years to address this question. Our research introduces an alternative technique, the orderly count, tailored to the nature of palynological analysis. We apply this method to diverse sediment catchments, including peat bogs, marine and lake sediments, from different geographical …

Cyber Resilience, Risk Management, And Security Challenges In Enterprise-Scale Cloud Systems: Comprehensive Review, Abdiaziz Abdi, Hajar Bennouri, Anthony Keane

Conference Papers

The cyberthreat landscape is constantly evolving with the rapid development of cloud computing. Today, businesses and consumers rely heavily on cloud infrastructure, which provides high availability and resilient systems. However, cloud and IoT platforms contain vulnerabilities that can compromise data confidentiality, integrity, and availability, leading to disruptions in service operations. These significant challenges pose serious threats such as vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, data breaches, faulty hardware, and application failures with high costs. IBM reports that the average cost of a data breach worldwide is approximately US$4.5 million per incident. This highlights the need for adequately designed resilience systems with high availability and …

Disturbance-Rejection Control For Unbalanced Operation Of Microgrids: Invariant-Set Approach, Ehab Bayoumi

Mechanical Engineering

In microgrids, voltage imbalance control is crucial to preserving the required level of power quality. The article presents a tracker design that mitigates the unbalance in the microgrids. The proposed microgrid model includes positive and negative sequences, whereby the positive sequences are controlled, and the negative sequence is treated as an external disturbance (whose effect must be attenuated). The uncertainty in the external disturbance is modelled in the norm-bounded form. The suggested control is based on attracting (driving) the state trajectory into a small region, including the origin (attracting ellipsoid-set). The effect of the negative sequence components is attenuated by …

When Overextended Surface Allocation Turns To Groundwater: A Q Methodology Of Well Users In Oregon’S High Desert, Melissa Haeffner, Janet Cowal, Brandy Walker, Clare Mcclellan

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

As legal battles over surface water allocation in Klamath County, Oregon, USA have gained national attention, earning the name “Water Wars,” authorities have been increasingly turning to groundwater to compensate for water shortfalls. This case study aims to identify the nuanced perspectives of household groundwater well users who are affected by groundwater extraction. Using Q methodology, we uncover groundwater well users’ perceptions and to what extent they think water problems are dealt with fairly. We identify four water perspectives that differ in the degree to which respondents prioritize clean water accessibility, industry accountability, individual responsibility for water management, and trust …

Optical Responses Of Hybrid Electromagnetic Nanostructures, Dominic Bosomtwi

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

Fano resonances result from the interference between a broad background and a narrow state, producing asymmetric scattering profiles. Under specific conditions, destructive interference collapses the Fano resonance width, leading to bound states in the continuum (BICs) that localize light within a nanostructure while maintaining an infinitely high-quality factor (Q-factor).

This dissertation explores the design of nanostructures with multilayer hybrid plasmonic-dielectric metasurfaces using full-wave numerical simulations, facilitating multiple Fano resonances and BICs. By adjusting nanoantenna dimensions, multiple modes are excited at plasmonic-dielectric interfaces, leading to strong interactions and hybridization of energy levels, manifested as Rabi splitting.

These findings enable advancements in …

Toward Concurrent Identification Of Human Activities With A Single Unifying Neural Network Classification: First Step, Andrew Smith, Musa Azeem, Chrisogonas O. Odhiambo, Pamela J. Wright Phd, Ms, Med, Rn, Cen, Hanim E. Diktas, Spencer Upton, Corby K. Martin, Brett Froeliger, Cynthia F. Corbett, Homayoun Valafar

Publications

The characterization of human behavior in real-world contexts is critical for developing a comprehensive model of human health. Recent technological advancements have enabled wearables and sensors to passively and unobtrusively record and presumably quantify human behavior. Better understanding human activities in unobtrusive and passive ways is an indispensable tool in understanding the relationship between behavioral determinants of health and diseases. Adult individuals (N = 60) emulated the behaviors of smoking, exercising, eating, and medication (pill) taking in a laboratory setting while equipped with smartwatches that captured accelerometer data. The collected data underwent expert annotation and was used to train a …

Investigations And Characterization Of Loud Transient Noise In Advanced Ligo Detectors, Shania Nichols

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In the era of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy, the detection of cosmic events such as black hole and neutron star mergers has become routine due to the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO) detectors. However, the sensitivity of these detectors also makes them susceptible to loud transient noise, which can obscure GW signals. This thesis investigates loud transient noise with a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) greater than 100, focusing particularly on the most extreme transients with SNR exceeding 1000.

We begin by analyzing the impact of loud transient noise on the binary neutron star (BNS) range of aLIGO detectors across observation runs O2, O3, …

Landscape Education, Enskilment, And Aesthetics: Complex Skills For Our Time, Alberto L. Siani

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Environmental education is undoubtedly a pressing need in our time. Landscape education may be seen as something more restricted in scope and necessity, and more disengaged. However, as I will first argue, because of the intrinsically concrete, localized, aesthetic character of landscapes in their difference from environment, landscape education in fact can also be seen as a more complex and challenging concept that can be framed in terms of enskilment. Second, to better clarify this concept and highlight the theoretical and practical difficulties related to it, this paper will then turn to some Wittgensteinian ideas about learning, especially his concept …

Do We Meet Their Needs? Honors Students’ Perspectives And Experiences Of Honors Programs, Saad M. Alamer

International Journal for Research in Education

This qualitative study investigates university students’ perceptions and experiences in the honors program at King Saud University (KSU). A total of twenty gifted university students were interviewed. The findings indicate that the honors program was perceived to be mediocre in content, and students found it to lack challenge and appeal. The participants experienced a lack of engagement with the program at the university compared to the pre-university programs they had experienced in their school years. Students reaffirmed that they benefited more from interactions with others in the program than from their interactions with staff and members of other programs. This …

Create An Educational Programme Based On The Entrance Of Steam And Assess Its Effectiveness In Improving Programming Skills And Computing Thinking, Izdihar Y. Alhujailan, Ahmad M. Alhussein

International Journal for Research in Education

The aim of the study is to create an educational program based on "STEAM” and assess its effectiveness to improve programming skills and computing thinking in middle female school. The research adopted a semi-experimental design, with two groups, control and experimental, and several tools have been created for that research:

- A test to assess the cognitive aspect of programming skills.

- A note card to assess the performance aspect of programming skills.

- A scale to assess computer thinking skills.

The study sample consisted of forty-six female students, and the study found that:

1. There are statistically significant variations between …

Sensor-Driven Analysis Of Angle Of Attack In Alpine Skiing: A Laboratory Exploration, Sebastian Schütz, Christoph Thorwartl, Patrick Thorwartl, Thomas Stöggl, Helmut Holzer

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim was to address the absence of a universal measuring instrument for detecting the degree of carving or skidding in a ski turn. Sensors were employed to calculate the so-called angle of attack (θ), which increases if lateral skidding increases. A mathematical concept in 2D and 3D for sensor-based detection of the θ was developed and evaluated on a self-built centrifugal machine capable of executing both optimal carving as well as certain degrees of skidding. The variation of θ was systematically divided into the stages small, medium, and large. Each stage was further subdivided into three smaller levels to …

Learning Biomechanics: Deja-Vu All Over Again, Duane Knudson

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This article reviews the physics education research (PER) and scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) on introductory biomechanics. Many sport and exercise science students fear and dislike biomechanics, so faculty have shared their teaching ideas at many conferences, with a smaller number reporting research on the efficacy of these ideas. These is a large body of PER that consistently report active learning (AL) is twice as effective or more for learning Newtonian mechanics than lectures. Biomechanics scholars have followed this work with specialized standardized tests, finding similar benefits of AL for all students in-person and in online instruction. SoTL research …

Spring-Mass Model Symmetry Characteristics In Distance Runners Across A Competitive Season, Isabella Vargas-Blanchard, Riley Schemel, Alexis M. Arena, Monique Mokha

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to apply characteristics of the spring-mass model (SMM) to distance running over a competitive season by measuring changes in landing-takeoff and rebound asymmetries. Thirteen runners from the same university team underwent 3D biomechanical gait analyses at the start and end of a 7-week competitive season. Paired-sample t-tests compared landing-take-off asymmetry [effective contact time (tce) to aerial time (tae)], rebound asymmetry [positive work time (tpush), to negative work time (tbrake), and average vertical ground reaction force (vGRF). Rebound asymmetry increased by 4%, but was not significant, t(12)=-1.239, p=0.239. Landing-take-off …

The Energy Transferred Between Lower-Body Segments By Successful And Less Successful Male Rugby Place Kickers, Alexandra C. Atack, Grant Trewartha, Neil Bezodis

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to understand how energy is transferred during a rugby place kick and how it differs between successful and less successful kickers. Senior male kickers (n=33) performed maximal range place kicks which were analysed using 3D motion capture (240 Hz), enabling segment powers to be determined. Energy was transferred out of the support leg throughout the backswing and early downswing, adding to the energy at the pelvis, which was subsequently transferred out as the kick knee extended towards the ball. Kickers who were limited by range, transferred less energy out of the support leg and …

Comparisons Of Head Impacts Between Korean Youth Athletes And Non-Athletes In Soccer Headings, Euichang Kim, Young-Kwan Kim, Sukjin Choi

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to quantify the intensity and location of head impacts and compare them between high school soccer athletes and non-athletes. Twenty participants performed five goal-kick and five corner-kick soccer ball headings projected by a ball launcher machine. The head injury criterion (HIC) was calculated from the linear acceleration data from a head-attached inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor. Results indicated there was no significant difference in HIC between the two groups. The HIC for forehead impacts was significantly lower than those for parietal contact. Coaches need to guide students to perform the forehead header in order …

The Influence Of Noise In Angular Kinematics On The Transformation Of Linear Acceleration Between Accelerometer Coordinate Frames, Erwan Izri, Neil Bezodis, Mark Waldron, Chris Jones, Liam Kilduff, Rowan Brown

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Linear accelerations measured by instrumented mouthguards (iMG) are transformed to a common reference frame. To investigate the influence of signal noise on this transformation using ground truth measurements, this study transformed linear accelerations measured by an Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) to the iMG frame. Noise was incrementally added to ATD angular velocity signals across 81 impacts. Agreement was quantified between ATD ground truth versus noisy angular velocity, angular acceleration and transformed linear acceleration signals. Angular velocity noise as low as 0.265 rad/s led to errors exceeding 10%, highlighting the transform’s sensitivity to angular kinematics. The findings highlight potential difficulties in …

Modelling Of Scapular Motion Influences The Estimated Glenohumeral Joint Torques During Volleyball Hitting, Dhruv Gupta, Lotte Steynen, Gaelle Pano, Aimilia Rousaki, Nele Heylen, Gert Vande Broek

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aims to understand how much different ways of modelling the scapular motion in musculoskeletal models influence the estimated inverse dynamics torques at the glenohumeral joint in simulations of volleyball hitting. We collected hitting motion data of one advanced volleyball player and compared the scapular motion and inverse dynamics torques at the glenohumeral joint estimated using three different musculoskeletal models that model the scapular motion in different ways. We found root mean squared differences of up to 50 Nm in inverse dynamics torques estimated from the different models and coupling between scapula and humerus can affect these estimates. Highest …

Regional Muscle Activation Of The Biceps Femoris, Alexander Fassbender, Kiros Karamanidis, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine regional BFlh activation during isometric knee flexion. Using an isokinetic device and high-density EMG, 11 males performed contractions at all combinations of short, medium and long MTU lengths and three torque levels (30%_MVC, 60%_MVC, 90%_MVC). Distal BFlh exhibited significantly higher activation at 60% _MVC and 90%_MVC than proximal, indicating intensity-dependent heterogeneity. No effects of muscle length on muscle activation were found. Additionally, the findings suggest BFlh operates on the ascending limb of the force-length relationship. Practitioners should be mindful of potential intramuscular variations in biarticular …

Segmented Evaluation Of Center Of Mass Pattern Smoothness Throughout Step Aerobics Training As A Measure Of Trainability, Yassaman Djafari Miss, Ahmad R Arshi, Hamid -. Rajabi Dr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Trainability is a dynamic phenomenon that measures the changes in trainable factors over time. The current study examines whether smoothness evaluation could be considered as a measure of trainability. To this effect a group of nine middle-aged females (average age: 53.38 yrs, average BMI: 24.45kg/m^2 ) were asked to perform step aerobics training for 24 sessions and their kinematic data were captured using an IMU. The smoothness analysis aimed to analyze each step separately using continuous wavelet transform. Jerk cost changes, as an evaluation of smoothness, in 24 sessions in backward direction magnified the differences between the two steps. Lack …

Relationship Between Pre-Delivery Stride And Fast Bowling Performance In Cricket, Hamish G. Bull, Peter Alway, Mark A. King

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to investigate fast bowler biomechanics during the pre-delivery stride and how they associate with variables previously linked with faster ball release speeds. Kinematic bowling data was collected from 29 elite fast bowlers using 3D motion capture. Pre-delivery stride technique showed multiple significant associations with performance-related variables: more vertical take-off angles correlated with slower run-up velocity; and a larger downward landing velocity associated with less thoracolumbar flexion during the bowling action. Shallower pre-delivery stride take-off angles might therefore be recommended but physical capacity of the bowler should be considered due to the undesirable association between faster run-up velocity …

Association Between Biomechanical Critical Speed And The Speed At Anaerobic Threshold, Ting-Hung Huang Mr., Yi-Cheng Chou Mr., Yin-Shin Lee Dr., Philip Xaver Fuchs Dr., Tzyy-Yuang Shiang Dr.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated the associations between the running speeds corresponding to deflection points in biomechanical parameters and the speed at the anaerobic threshold. Fifteen male recreational runners participated, running on a treadmill with gradual speed increases until perceived exhaustion. The anaerobic threshold was measured using a spiroergometry device, and kinematic data were recorded by four inertial sensors on their shanks and trunk. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the running speeds at the deflection points of angular velocity of thorax rotation and peak tibial acceleration were the most effective predictors of the speed at the anaerobic threshold (adjusted R² = …

A Practice-Oriented Teaching Strategy Involving Bouldering Improves Students’ Academic Understanding Of Mechanics, Xiao-Qi Zhang, Philip X. Fuchs, Jia Yi Chow, Chen-Fu Huang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Practical experience is recommended in teaching to overcome students’ difficulties in learning and applying theoretical concepts such as Newtonian mechanics. The purpose of this study was to test whether incorporating bouldering in a biomechanics course improves students' academic understanding of mechanics. Twenty-one students participated in 10 weeks of traditional lecturing and a subsequent 4-week bouldering intervention. Using different versions of a validated biomechanics test, exam scores were higher after bouldering (73±15%) than before (53±21%) (Z=-3.783, p

Runners Sacrifice Economy For Stability And Traumatic Injury Prevention When Faced With Sudden, Slip-Like Perturbations, Markus Hipper, Luca Braun, Yannick Denis, Bastian Anedda, Janina Helwig, Steffen Willwacher

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We investigated the trade-off between metabolic cost and dynamic stability in 15 recreational runners who experienced sudden slip-like anteroposterior perturbations (SLAPs) during treadmill running (2.5 m/s). Following SLAPs, a significant 3.4% increase in the cost of transport was observed. However, there were no significant changes in single gait parameters or lower limb kinematics in the sagittal plane. Future investigations should explore the underlying neuromuscular mechanisms and broader functional biomechanical variables. Overall, we show that human motor control prioritizes dynamic stability more when expecting SLAPs compared to non-expecting them, highlighting a potential trade-off between metabolic efficiency and traumatic injury prevention that …

Differences Between Parallel Skiing And Carving Based On Wearable Sensor Data And Technique Analysis Algorithms, Daniel Debertin, Anna Wargel, Michael Böhmer, Peter Federolf

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to objectively identify differences between conventional parallel skiing (side-skidding) and carving (no side-skidding) with regard to selected movement actions of the upper body and their influences on movement stability. Comparison of the two skiing styles is approached by a set of quantifiable technique metrics (lateral, horizontal and rotational movement of the upper body), extracted as principal components (PCs) from whole-body wearable sensor data of highly experienced skiers (n=20). Stability was quantified through normalized jerk scores. Carving involved increased angulation of the hip in the transition phase, a more posterior body posture over the whole …

Jy61 Imu Sensor External Validity: A Framework For Advanced Pedometer Algorithm Personalisation, Boris Bačić, Chengwei Feng, Weihua Li

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This case study aims to compare a low-cost inertial sensor prototype (JY61 IMU + ESP8266 MCU designed for real-time non-proprietary data streaming over Wi-Fi) with a high-end mobile (iPhone 13 Pro Max) using Matlab pedometer algorithm. Preliminary experiments used data collected at 100 Hz including 20, 50, and 100 steps on a partially carpeted and partially hard floor surface with the test subject wearing high heels and tennis shoes. The error comparison between the sensor (0–1%) and high-end mobile (0–2%) suggests that the sensor can be used as a privacy-preserving pedometer which is smaller, lighter and a low-cost alternative to …

Effects Of Dynamic Knee Valgus Alignment On Ground Reaction Force And Knee Moment During Landing, Tzu-Lin Wong Dr., Wei-Ching Chang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study examined the impact of dynamic knee valgus alignments on vertical ground reaction force(vGRF) and knee moment in 33 male collegiate athletes during a single-leg vertical jump from a 30-cm box. Categorized into valgus (n=12), neutral (n=8), and varus (n=13) groups based on knee angular displacement during landing, participants were analyzed 100 milliseconds immediately after initial ground contact. Normalized results indicate that the varus group demonstrated higher peak vGRF and maximum knee moment compared to the valgus and neutral groups. No significant differences were found in parameters like time to peak vGRF, loading rate, and peak hip moment. Our …