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Exploring The Educational Gap Of Virginia English Language Learners: Challenges And Opportunities For Academic Success, Amanda Purcell, Sochitl Rodriguez Kauffman Jan 2025

Exploring The Educational Gap Of Virginia English Language Learners: Challenges And Opportunities For Academic Success, Amanda Purcell, Sochitl Rodriguez Kauffman

UROP Posters

English Language Learners (ELLs) in the state of Virginia have significantly lower scores in the Standards of Learning (SOL) assessment exam than those of their English-speaking peers. The SOL measures students’ mastery of knowledge and skills taught in the classroom, and over the last decade, passing rates of the assessment’s core subjects amongst ELLs have continued to decrease and remain relatively low. In the 2023-2024 academic year, the average passing rate for ELLs who took the Writing SOL was only 26%, with Science being not much higher at 29%, and Reading at 33%. For the non-ELL student body, average rates …

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Doping Hybrid Photopolymerisable Glass With Bodipy Photosensitiser: An Efficient Approach To Improve Uv-Resistance, Luca Sorridente, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Metodej Dvoracek, Mikhail A. Filatov, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin P. Murphy Jan 2025

Doping Hybrid Photopolymerisable Glass With Bodipy Photosensitiser: An Efficient Approach To Improve Uv-Resistance, Luca Sorridente, Tatsiana Mikulchyk, Metodej Dvoracek, Mikhail A. Filatov, Izabela Naydenova, Kevin P. Murphy

Conference Papers

The development of photosensitive materials with improved performance and extended functionality is crucial for advancing holographic technologies. This study presents the modification and characterization of a recently reported photopolymerisable glass composition, focusing on achieving an optimal balance between maximizing photosensitivity of the material during recording and minimizing the impact of UV light on the performance of the recorded holographic structure. Building on these findings, the ultimate goal is to develop UV-resistant holographic optical elements for wavefront sensing in space applications. The research approach is based on introducing a photosensitiser with weaker UV absorption than the typically used in this material …

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A New G Family: Properties, Characterizations, Different Estimation Methods And Port-Var Analysis For U.K. Insurance Claims And U.S. House Prices Data Sets, Ahmad M. Aboalkhair, Gholamhossein Hamedani, Nazar Ali Ahmed, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammad A. Zayed, Haitham M. Yousof Jan 2025

A New G Family: Properties, Characterizations, Different Estimation Methods And Port-Var Analysis For U.K. Insurance Claims And U.S. House Prices Data Sets, Ahmad M. Aboalkhair, Gholamhossein Hamedani, Nazar Ali Ahmed, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohammad A. Zayed, Haitham M. Yousof

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

This paper introduces a new class of probability distributions, termed the generated log exponentiated polynomial (GLEP) family, designed to enhance flexibility in modeling complex real financial data. The proposed family is constructed through a novel cumulative distribution function that combines logarithmic and exponentiated polynomial structures, allowing for rich distributional shapes and tail behaviors. We present comprehensive mathematical properties, including useful series expansions for the density, cumulative, and quantile functions, which facilitate the derivation of moments, generating functions, and order statistics. Characterization results based on the reverse hazard function and conditional expectations are established. The model parameters are estimated using various …

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Bayesian Merged Utilization Of Grappa And Sense (Bmugs) For In-Plane Accelerated Reconstruction Increases Fmri Detection Power, Chase J. Sakitis, Daniel B. Rowe Jan 2025

Bayesian Merged Utilization Of Grappa And Sense (Bmugs) For In-Plane Accelerated Reconstruction Increases Fmri Detection Power, Chase J. Sakitis, Daniel B. Rowe

Mathematical and Statistical Science Faculty Research and Publications

In fMRI, capturing brain activity during a task is dependent on how quickly the k-space arrays for each volume image are obtained. Acquiring the full k-space arrays can take a considerable amount of time. Under-sampling k-space reduces the acquisition time, but results in aliased, or “folded,” images after applying the inverse Fourier transform (IFT). GeneRalized Autocalibrating Partial Parallel Acquisition (GRAPPA) and SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) are parallel imaging techniques that yield reconstructed images from subsampled arrays of k-space. With GRAPPA operating in the spatial frequency domain and SENSE in image space, these techniques have been separate but can …

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Work In Progress: Using Internships As Means For Indirect Assessment Of Abet Criteria 3 “1-7” Student Outcomes, Robert Bass Jan 2025

Work In Progress: Using Internships As Means For Indirect Assessment Of Abet Criteria 3 “1-7” Student Outcomes, Robert Bass

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE) Department at Portland State University (PSU) has developed a Power Engineering Internship (PEI) program that provides engineering career development pathways within the electric utility industry. The PEI is supported by several U.S. Department of Energy grants that aim to develop quality career opportunities and develop a future electric utility workforce that represents the nation’s diverse populations. The PSU ECE Department intends to use surveys of internship participants as assessment tools for its ABET accreditation process, in particular, the ABET Criteria 3 Student Outcomes (SOs). SOs relate to the knowledge, skills, and behaviors that students …

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Prediction Of Snatch And Clean And Jerk Performance From Physical Performance Measures In Elite Male Weightlifters, Ingo Sandau, Kristof Kipp Jan 2025

Prediction Of Snatch And Clean And Jerk Performance From Physical Performance Measures In Elite Male Weightlifters, Ingo Sandau, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study aimed to build a valid model to predict maximal weightlifting competition performance using ordinary least squares linear regression (OLR) and penalized (Ridge) linear regression (penLR) in 29 elite male weightlifters. One repetition maximum (1RM) or 3RM test results of assistant exercises were used as predictors. Maximal performance data of competition and assistant exercises were collected during a macrocycle in preparation for a competition. One repetition maximum snatch pull, 3RM back squat, 1RM overhead press, and body mass were used to predict the 1RM snatch; and 1RM clean pull, 3RM front squat, 1RM overhead press, and body mass were …

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A Survey On Non-Invasive Computing: Neurological-Hematological Framework For Early Infection And Stroke Detection With Future Directions, Masud Rabbani, Nafi Us Sabbir Sabith, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed Jan 2025

A Survey On Non-Invasive Computing: Neurological-Hematological Framework For Early Infection And Stroke Detection With Future Directions, Masud Rabbani, Nafi Us Sabbir Sabith, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

This paper introduces a novel, non-invasive tool for building a holistic neurological-hematological diagnostic framework that can be used for early detection of infection and stroke. We proposed and developed a multimodal sensing approach, where an ear canal–based acoustic system can be used to identify brain activities and a smartphone-based facial video analysis platform to estimate white blood cell (WBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Our ear-based EEG methodology achieved a remarkable 96% classification accuracy from the low-frequency level (>30hz), with regression models with mean R2 scores above 0.96 across all EEG bands. For hematological diagnostics, the system predicted WBC counts …

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Fine-Tuned Large Language Models (Llms): Improved Prompt Injection Attacks Detection, Md Abdur Rahman, Hossain Shahriar, Guillermo Francia, Fan Wu, Alfredo Cuzzocrea, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed Jan 2025

Fine-Tuned Large Language Models (Llms): Improved Prompt Injection Attacks Detection, Md Abdur Rahman, Hossain Shahriar, Guillermo Francia, Fan Wu, Alfredo Cuzzocrea, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming a popular tool as they have significantly advanced in their capability to tackle a wide range of language-based tasks. However, LLMs applications are highly vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, which poses a critical problem. These attacks target LLMs applications through using carefully designed input prompts to divert the model from adhering to original instruction, thereby it could execute unintended actions. These manipulations pose serious security threats which potentially results in data leaks, biased outputs, or harmful responses. This project explores the security vulnerabilities in relation to prompt injection attacks. To detect whether a prompt …

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Vulnerability To Stability: Scalable Large Language Model In Queue-Based Web Service, Md Abdul Barek, Bajlur Rashid, Mostafizur Rahman, A.B.M. Kamrul Islamc Riad, Guillermo Francia, Hossain Shahriar, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed Jan 2025

Vulnerability To Stability: Scalable Large Language Model In Queue-Based Web Service, Md Abdul Barek, Bajlur Rashid, Mostafizur Rahman, A.B.M. Kamrul Islamc Riad, Guillermo Francia, Hossain Shahriar, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and are now widely used in various applications globally. However, one of their major challenges is handling high-concurrency workloads, especially under extreme conditions. When too many requests are sent simultaneously, LLMs often become unresponsive which leads to performance degradation and reduced reliability in real-world applications. To address this issue, this paper proposes a queue-based system that separates request handling from direct execution. By implementing a distributed queue, requests are processed in a structured and controlled manner, preventing system overload and ensuring stable performance. This approach …

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Contextual Embedding-Based Clustering To Identify Topics For Healthcare Service Improvement, K M Sajjadul Islam, Ravi Teja Karri, Srujan Vegesna, Jiawei Wu, Praveen Madiraju Jan 2025

Contextual Embedding-Based Clustering To Identify Topics For Healthcare Service Improvement, K M Sajjadul Islam, Ravi Teja Karri, Srujan Vegesna, Jiawei Wu, Praveen Madiraju

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Understanding patient feedback is crucial for improving healthcare services, yet analyzing unlabeled short-text feedback presents challenges due to limited data and domainspecific nuances. Traditional supervised approaches require extensive labeled datasets, making unsupervised methods more practical for extracting insights. This study applies unsupervised techniques to analyze 439 survey responses from a healthcare system in Wisconsin, USA. A keyword-based filter was used to isolate complaint-related feedback using a domain-specific lexicon. To identify dominant themes, we evaluated traditional topic models such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Gibbs Sampling Dirichlet Multinomial Mixture (GSDMM) - alongside BERTopic, a neural embedding-based clustering method. To improve …

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Bibliometric And Visualisation Analysis Of Biomass Burning Research In Thailand (1997-2024), Weerachon Sawangproh, Arika Bridhikitti Jan 2025

Bibliometric And Visualisation Analysis Of Biomass Burning Research In Thailand (1997-2024), Weerachon Sawangproh, Arika Bridhikitti

Applied Environmental Research

Biomass burning is a major driver of air pollution and climate-related impacts in Thailand, but a national-level synthesis of research efforts is lacking. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric and qualitative review of 256 peer-reviewed publications from 1997–2024, using Scopus-indexeddata to explore research trends, thematic patterns, and existing gaps. The analysis reveals a strong emphasis on atmospheric chemistry, air quality modeling, and remote sensing, which collectively account for more than 60% of the research landscape.Studies frequently focus on pollutants such as PM2.5,PAHs, carbon monoxide, and heavy metals, with biomass burning identified as a dominant source, especiallyduring the dry season in …

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Quantifying Biodiversity In The Absence Of Taxonomic Data: A Study Of Thailand’S Economic Development Zones, Nikorn Mahawan, Wanpen Charoentrakulpeeti Jan 2025

Quantifying Biodiversity In The Absence Of Taxonomic Data: A Study Of Thailand’S Economic Development Zones, Nikorn Mahawan, Wanpen Charoentrakulpeeti

Applied Environmental Research

The biodiversity status measures the ecological capacity of a given area. However, biodiversity assessments in developing countries are limited by the absence of taxonomic data on plants and animals. By developing methods to evaluate biodiversity via alternative data, it is now possible to quantify the ecological carrying capacity in areas where taxonomic data are lacking. The relationship between forest ecosystem health and biodiversity values can be used to estimate biodiversity values by considering the proportions of different land use types that are associated with forest ecosystem abundance. The biodiversity value of the area can be assessed by adding the abundance …

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Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation Of White Spirit Vapor In Air By Binary Oxides Of Feo-Mnox Supported On Oms-2 Material, Ngo Quoc Nguyen, Pham Duy Quang, Nguyen Ha Nhu, Le Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Vo Thanh Hang, Le Van Thang, Nguyen Thi Le Lien, Nguyen Trung Thanh, Nguyen Nhat Huy Jan 2025

Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation Of White Spirit Vapor In Air By Binary Oxides Of Feo-Mnox Supported On Oms-2 Material, Ngo Quoc Nguyen, Pham Duy Quang, Nguyen Ha Nhu, Le Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Vo Thanh Hang, Le Van Thang, Nguyen Thi Le Lien, Nguyen Trung Thanh, Nguyen Nhat Huy

Applied Environmental Research

In this work, catalysts of iron and manganese oxides supported on OMS-2 were prepared and applied to remove white spirit (WS) in air. Among the fabricated catalysts, the FeO-MnOx/OMS-2 catalyst with a surface Fe+Mn loading of 15% (Fe:Mn = 6:4) exhibited the highest catalytic performance, achieving a high WS removal efficiency of 97.91% at 200 °C. The catalyst retained the cryptomelane-type tunnel structure of OMS-2 and possessed enhanced redox activity due to the synergistic interaction between surface Fe and Mn species. The physico-chemical properties were characterized via BET, EDS, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The suitable conditions for WS oxidation were …

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Spatial And Temporal Dynamics Of Water Use Efficiency And Climate Influence In The Central Highlands Of Vietnam Via Satellite Time Series, Thi Nguyen Quang, Hoang Van Hung Jan 2025

Spatial And Temporal Dynamics Of Water Use Efficiency And Climate Influence In The Central Highlands Of Vietnam Via Satellite Time Series, Thi Nguyen Quang, Hoang Van Hung

Applied Environmental Research

This study investigates the spatial and temporal patterns of water use efficiency (WUE) anomalies across the Central Highlands of Vietnam from 2001–2024 via MODIS time series data, with a focus on seasonal differences and climatic drivers. The results revealed pronounced interannual and spatial variability in the WUE, with significant improvements observed during 2004, 2015, and 2021–2024 and substantial declines during 2005–2008, 2010–2013, and 2016–2017, which coincided with major drought events in the region. Seasonal analysis indicated that WUE was lower during the early dry season and peaked during the postmonsoon months (October–November), reflecting the interplay between water availability and vegetation …

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Using A Water Quality Index To Assess The Impacts Of Heavy Metals Contamination For Sustainable Water Management: A Case Study Of The Bang Pakong River, Thailand, Khin Yadana Soe, Pokchat Chutivisut, Wilailuk Niyommaneerat Jan 2025

Using A Water Quality Index To Assess The Impacts Of Heavy Metals Contamination For Sustainable Water Management: A Case Study Of The Bang Pakong River, Thailand, Khin Yadana Soe, Pokchat Chutivisut, Wilailuk Niyommaneerat

Applied Environmental Research

Anthropogenic activities such as improper waste disposal, excessive fertilizer use, and industrial effluents cause heavy metal contamination in water, soil, and the atmosphere. Herein, the water quality index (WQI) was used to characterize heavy metal (i.e., cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg)) contamination in the Bang Pakong River, Thailand. Specifically, water samples were collected during the dry season from four stations along the river from 2012–2022. The heavy metal concentrations in the samples were analyzed via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and WQI values were calculated on the basis of standard water quality parameters. At the four sampling stations, high As …

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Halotolerant Biodegradation And Detoxification Of Synthetic Dyes By Marine-Derived Penicillium Oxalicum M6a: Metabolite Profiling And Ecotoxicity Assessment, Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor, Mohammed Sani Abdulsalami, Nkechi Eucharia Egbe, Ahmed Ali Haroun, Yakubu Magaji Jan 2025

Halotolerant Biodegradation And Detoxification Of Synthetic Dyes By Marine-Derived Penicillium Oxalicum M6a: Metabolite Profiling And Ecotoxicity Assessment, Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor, Mohammed Sani Abdulsalami, Nkechi Eucharia Egbe, Ahmed Ali Haroun, Yakubu Magaji

Applied Environmental Research

The complex aromatic structures of synthetic dyes in contaminated water bodies make them difficult to degrade, posing a serious environmental challenge and representing a significant emerging pollutant that warrants urgent intervention. This study evaluated the biodegradation and detoxification potential of a halotolerant, marine-derived fungal strain, Penicillium oxalicum M6A, isolated from the Nigerian coastline, against Indigo carmine (IC) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). The effects of pH, temperature, salinity, and dye concentration on degradation efficiency, alongside enzymatic activity, were assessed. FTIR and GC‒MS analyses were employed to identify degradation products and predict metabolic pathways, whereas toxicity was evaluated in three …

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Blue Carbon Stock Assessment Of The Mangrove Swamp Forest Reserve In Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines, Renz Morales Lanaban, Yves Paul M. Montero, Hilario L. Wong, Jr., Marnie Grace I. Sonico Jan 2025

Blue Carbon Stock Assessment Of The Mangrove Swamp Forest Reserve In Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines, Renz Morales Lanaban, Yves Paul M. Montero, Hilario L. Wong, Jr., Marnie Grace I. Sonico

Applied Environmental Research

Mangrove ecosystems are vital carbon sinks, yet they are threatened by anthropogenic pressures and natural disturbances, causing significant carbon stock losses. Given the limited data for Baganga, Davao Oriental, this study quantified the aboveground biomass (AGB) and blue carbon stock in the Lucod mangrove swamp forest reserve. We identified mangrove species, measured AGB and carbon content via allometric equations, and compared storage among species. The results indicated that the mangrove forest AGB was within typical ranges for tropical wet regions and the Asia-Pacific region, but its overall carbon content did not reach highly productive ecosystem levels. Nonparametric analysis revealed significant …

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Investigating Spatial And Temporal Changes In Vegetation Via Remote Sensing Indicators And Revealing Their Trends In The Central Desert Of Iran, Peyman Akbarzadeh, Shima Nikoo, Mehran Akbarzadeh Jan 2025

Investigating Spatial And Temporal Changes In Vegetation Via Remote Sensing Indicators And Revealing Their Trends In The Central Desert Of Iran, Peyman Akbarzadeh, Shima Nikoo, Mehran Akbarzadeh

Applied Environmental Research

Vegetation changes can significantly affect the conditions and productivity of ecosystems. Consequently, studying vegetation dynamics across various temporal and spatial scales has emerged as a critical environmental concern. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in vegetation cover via vegetation indices, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and difference vegetation index (DVI), derived from multitemporal Landsat 5, 7, and 8 satellite images processed via the Google Earth Engine. The study area is located in the Damghan arid and desert watershed, which represents the central desert of Iran. Furthermore, …

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Assessment Of Metal Contamination And Potential Health Risk Of Roadside Vegetables Along The Sayre Highway, Province Of Bukidnon, Philippines, John R.N. Labajo, Junesa U. Cristobal, Myrna G. Pabiona Jan 2025

Assessment Of Metal Contamination And Potential Health Risk Of Roadside Vegetables Along The Sayre Highway, Province Of Bukidnon, Philippines, John R.N. Labajo, Junesa U. Cristobal, Myrna G. Pabiona

Applied Environmental Research

This study assessed heavy metal contamination in roadside vegetables (Ipomoea batatas and Moringa oleifera) across five urbanized localities in Bukidnon, Philippines, and evaluated potential human health risks. Metal concentrations (Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were analyzed via atomic absorption spectro-photometry and compared against FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits. The results revealed severe contamination, with Mn (575.27–862.17 mg kg-1) and Fe (256.46–706.68 mg kg-1) dominating natural soil mineralogy (Adtuyon series) and anthropogenic inputs. Toxic Cr (16.20–21.93 mg kg-1) exceeded permissible limits by nine and a half times in Quezon. Health risk assessments revealed negligible noncarcinogenic risks (THQ …

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Spatial Distribution And Potential Ecological Risk Of Microplastics In Surface Sediments Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Sarayut Suanluang, Pathompong Vibhatabandhu, Sarawut Srithongouthai Jan 2025

Spatial Distribution And Potential Ecological Risk Of Microplastics In Surface Sediments Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Sarayut Suanluang, Pathompong Vibhatabandhu, Sarawut Srithongouthai

Applied Environmental Research

The global surge in plastic usage during the COVID–19 pandemic raised concerns about increased microplastic (MP) contamination in aquatic environments. This study assessed the abundance, characteristics, and ecological risk of MPs in surface sediments of the inner Gulf of Thailand during the post–COVID–19 period (April 2021). The sediment samples were analyzed via density separation, stereomicroscopic examination, and polymer identification via micro–FTIR. The mean MP abundance was 196.07 ± 85.60 pieces kg-1, with concentrations ranging from 73.08 to 351.19 pieces kg-1. PTFE and PP were the dominant polymer types, comprising 50% and 32% of all the MPs, respectively. Fibers (34%) and …

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Health Risk Assessment Of Copper Exposure Through Hand-To-Mouth Activities In The Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing Industry, Adisorn Phungkum, Worawat Meevasana, Khanidtha Marungrueang Jan 2025

Health Risk Assessment Of Copper Exposure Through Hand-To-Mouth Activities In The Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing Industry, Adisorn Phungkum, Worawat Meevasana, Khanidtha Marungrueang

Applied Environmental Research

This study aims to evaluate the occupational exposure levels of copper (Cu) among workers in a battery manufacturing facility by analyzing the Cu concentrations on hand surfaces at three distinct time periods: before work (BW), before lunch (BL), and after work (AW). A total of 30 workers involved in 13 different workstations or tasks—such as battery cell preparation, spot welding, soldering, and labeling—were included in the study to reflect diverse exposure scenarios. Surface wipe sampling was conducted according to NIOSH Method 9102, and the Cu concentrations were quantified via inductively coupled plasma‒mass spectrometry (ICP‒MS). Additionally, the hazard quotient (HQ) was …

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Spatial Estimation Of Trophic State For Reservoir Using Ground Monitoring And Remote Sensing Data, Thong Nguyen Hoang, Van Tran Thi Jan 2025

Spatial Estimation Of Trophic State For Reservoir Using Ground Monitoring And Remote Sensing Data, Thong Nguyen Hoang, Van Tran Thi

Applied Environmental Research

Nutrient pollution, also known as eutrophication, is a severe environmental problem that leads to harmful algal blooms in water bodies and affects water supplies for human use. This study aims to determine the trophic state of the reservoir based on the trophic state index (TSI) calculated from ground monitoring data of Secchi depth (SD), total phosphorus (TP), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) obtained from 35 points in 2 survey periods during the late rainy season to early dry season 2012–2013 and May 2023. In addition, we combined remote sensing data to spatially estimate the eutrophication situation across the reservoir through correlation analysis …

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Efficient Oxidation Of Methylene Blue Via Catalytic Activation Of Peroxymonosulfate Via An Engineered Δ-Feooh/Pili Nutshell Biochar Composite, Lorenz Borromeo Jan 2025

Efficient Oxidation Of Methylene Blue Via Catalytic Activation Of Peroxymonosulfate Via An Engineered Δ-Feooh/Pili Nutshell Biochar Composite, Lorenz Borromeo

Applied Environmental Research

This study introduces a novel composite catalyst formed by anchoring delta iron oxyhydroxide (δ-FeOOH) onto pyrolyzed Pili nutshell biochar via a room-temperature coprecipitation technique, marking the first application of Pili nutshell waste in advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment. This innovative methodology enhances catalyst dispersion and stability, facilitating the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to generate reactive sulfate radicals (SO4•–) for the degradation of methylene blue (MB), a thiazine dye commonly used in the medical field and the dye industry. Different techniques have been used to characterize synthesized composites in terms of their morphology, elemental composition, surface functional groups, and crystalline …

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Public Attention Index Of Air Pollution Exposure From Pm2.5 In Thailand, Pailin Suntigul, Sittidaj Pongkijvorasin Jan 2025

Public Attention Index Of Air Pollution Exposure From Pm2.5 In Thailand, Pailin Suntigul, Sittidaj Pongkijvorasin

Applied Environmental Research

Thailand faces a persistent PM2.5 challenge, with pollution levels consistently exceeding the World Health Organization’s guidelines. In response, the Thai government has made air pollution a national priority, implementing various policies and city-level plans to reduce exposure. These policies are often temporary and do not fully address root causes, whereas the limited monitoring coverage across Thailand restricts a comprehensive assessment of PM2.5 exposure severity. This study addresses the data gap by constructing a public attention index for PM2.5, using internet search data from Google Trends, to quantify public awareness and concern regarding PM2.5 exposure. This index aims to improve the …

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Assessment Of The Carbon Stock Of Trees In Selected Urban Green Spaces Of Davao City, Philippines, Daiseree Cuabo, Yves P.M. Montero, Daryl S. Salas, John P.M. Viernes Jan 2025

Assessment Of The Carbon Stock Of Trees In Selected Urban Green Spaces Of Davao City, Philippines, Daiseree Cuabo, Yves P.M. Montero, Daryl S. Salas, John P.M. Viernes

Applied Environmental Research

The combined impacts of deforestation, tree cover loss, and urbanization in urban and suburban areas significantly reduce the capacity of natural carbon sinks to sequester and store carbon. Hence, this study assessed the aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock of trees in the selected green spaces of Davao City. A purposive sampling technique was employed in placing quadrats, with data collected from 27 plots categorized by size. AGB was estimated via an allometric equation, and aboveground carbon (AGC) was derived from the AGB values. A total of 358 individual trees from 25 species, 24 genera, and 13 families were documented. …

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Spatial And Temporal Trends In Surface Water Quality And Pollution Sources In Ben Tre, Vietnam: A Principal Component Analysis/Factor Analysis-Based Approach, Nguyen Xuan Tong, Luu Tang Phuc Khang Jan 2025

Spatial And Temporal Trends In Surface Water Quality And Pollution Sources In Ben Tre, Vietnam: A Principal Component Analysis/Factor Analysis-Based Approach, Nguyen Xuan Tong, Luu Tang Phuc Khang

Applied Environmental Research

Surface water quality is vital for maintaining ecological health and supporting sustainable development, particularly in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, where water is heavily utilized. However, rapid urbanization and economic activities have led to water pollution. This study assessed the spatial and temporal variations in surface water quality in Ben Tre Province from January 2022 to December 2023 using 384 samples collected across dry and rainy seasons and two zones (headwater streams and cities). The water quality index (WQI) was calculated on the basis of 15 parameters, and principal component analysis/factor analysis was applied to identify pollution sources. Five key factors …

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Development Of Highly Effective Sulfonic Acid–Functionalized Nr/Ms Nanocomposites For Biodiesel Production, Sakdinun Nuntang, Satit Yousatit, Toshiyuki Yokoi, Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai Jan 2025

Development Of Highly Effective Sulfonic Acid–Functionalized Nr/Ms Nanocomposites For Biodiesel Production, Sakdinun Nuntang, Satit Yousatit, Toshiyuki Yokoi, Chawalit Ngamcharussrivichai

Applied Environmental Research

The acidic natural rubber/wormhole-like mesostructured silica nanocomposites (NR/WMS-SO3H) were successfully functionalized with propylsulfonic acid and arenesulfonic acid via a cocondensation method using 3-mercaptopropyl trimetho-xysilane (MPTMS) and 2-(4-chloro-sulfonylphenyl) ethyltrimethoxy silane (CSPTMS), respectively. Compared with organosulfonic acid-functionalized wormhole-like mesostructured silica (WMS-SO3H), NR/WMS-SO3H demonstrated increased hydrophobicity while maintaining mesoporosity and a large surface area. The catalytic performance of the synthesized solid acids was subsequently evaluated via batch esterification of palmitic acid with methanol to generate fatty acid methyl esters for biodiesel synthesis. Compared with WMS–SO3H, NR/WMS–SO3H demonstrated superior catalytic activity, which was attributed to the synergistic interaction between the strongly acidic functional groups …

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Predicting School Proficiency In Illinois: A Fixed Effects Analysis Of Demographics, Funding, And Mobility, Lauren Johnson Jan 2025

Predicting School Proficiency In Illinois: A Fixed Effects Analysis Of Demographics, Funding, And Mobility, Lauren Johnson

Research Papers

Using Illinois State Board of Education data from 2017-2024, this paper analyzes the effects of black and low income enrollment, spending per pupil, chronic absenteeism, mobility rates, principal turnover and teacher retention rates on student proficiency at the school level. The data includes demographic information, test scores, mobility rates, attendance rates, teacher retention rates, principal turnover, and state and federal spending per school per pupil. Using fixed effects ordinary least squares regressions, it is found that the enrollment percentages of black and low income students are negatively correlated with students’ proficiency. Mobility rates, principal turnover, and chronic absenteeism are also …

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Quantum Technologies For Beyond 5g And 6g Networks: Applications, Opportunities, And Challenges, Engin Zeydan, Chamitha De Alwis, Rabia Khan, Yekta Turk, Abdullah Aydeger, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Madhusanka Liyanage Jan 2025

Quantum Technologies For Beyond 5g And 6g Networks: Applications, Opportunities, And Challenges, Engin Zeydan, Chamitha De Alwis, Rabia Khan, Yekta Turk, Abdullah Aydeger, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu, Madhusanka Liyanage

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

As the world prepares for the advent of 6G networks, quantum technologies are becoming critical enablers of the next generation of communication systems. This survey paper investigates the convergence of quantum technologies and 6G networks, focusing on their applications, opportunities and challenges. We begin with an examination of the motivations for integrating quantum technologies into 6G, investigating the potential to overcome the limits of classical computing and cryptography. We then highlight key research gaps, particularly in quantum communication, quantum computing integration and security enhancement. A comprehensive overview of quantum technologies relevant to 6G, including quantum communication devices, quantum computing paradigms, …

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The Large-Scale Flow Dynamics And Controls On Recurving Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones, Alexander Kyle Mitchell Jan 2025

The Large-Scale Flow Dynamics And Controls On Recurving Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclones, Alexander Kyle Mitchell

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

While eastern North Pacific (EPAC) tropical cyclones (TCs) most often move westward over open water, a subset deviates from this typical path, recurving toward higher latitudes or making landfall along the North American coastline. Because such events are relatively rare, they have received less attention, despite their significant contributions to rainfall and wildfire activity across the southwestern United States. This dissertation identifies and characterizes the spatial variability of EPAC TC tracks, analyzes the synoptic environments associated with TC recurvature near the North American coast, presents a detailed case study of two recurving EPAC TCs from late September to early October …

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