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Corrosion Mitigation And Monitoring Of Bridge Tendons And Failure Forecasting Of Wastewater Force Mains, Stanley Chike Agbakansi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Corrosion remains a significant threat to civil infrastructure, resulting in costly repairsand potential structural failures. This dissertation addresses three critical aspects of corrosion: mitigation and monitoring of post-tensioned bridge tendons, and failure forecasting of wastewater force mains due to internal corrosion.

First, the research investigates the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors (CIs) applied via pressure injection (impregnation) in post-tensioned tendons. The protective mechanisms and long-term performance of various inhibitors were evaluated to identify the most effective formulations. Among the tested inhibitors, MCI-2020 — a water-based, migratory, mixed-type corrosion inhibitor — demonstrated the most promising results, showing excellent corrosion protection while preserving …

Past Intrusion Of Circumpolar Deep Water In The Ross Sea: Impacts On The Ancient Ross Ice Shelf, Lucilla Capotondi, Gesine Mollenhauer, Tommaso Tesi, Francesco Muschitiello, Alessio Nogarotto, Jens Hefter, Chiara Pambianco, Simon Belt, Mathia Sabino, Francesca Battaglia, Federico Giglio, Alessio Di Roberto, Enrico Pochini, Andrea Geniram, Ester Colizza, Fiorenza Torricella, Giulia Giorgetti

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica’s largest by area, may face increased instability under future warming, threatening the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Understanding its past response to climate change is critical for anticipating future sea-level rise. We present a multi-proxy reconstruction of ocean and cryosphere conditions in the Ross Sea over the past 40,000 years. Our data show that warm Circumpolar Deep Water reached the JOIDES Trough in the western Ross Sea shortly after the Last Glacial Maximum, coinciding with the retreat of an ancestral ice shelf. This oceanic warming aligns with a southward shift of both the westerly and easterly wind …

The Synthesis Of A Photo-Affinity Probe Library For The Fatty Acid Amide Proteome And The Endocannabinoid System Within, Robert E. Feeney Iii

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fatty acid amides are a large family of endogenous metabolites with significant biological activity, including that of the endocannabinoid system. Currently little is known about how this system of tightly regulated compounds works within humans. This work lays the foundation to explore the structure-activity relationship driving the selectivity of ligand-protein interactions involved with fatty acid amides. A library of activity-based proteomic profiling probes for fatty acid amides has been synthesized to this end. Additionally, progress towards phytocannabinoid probes has been made as well.

First Opinion: Look, Meagan Morris

First Opinions, Second Reactions

No abstract provided.

Pedagogical Beliefs Of The Form Five Biology Teachers In Trinidad And Tobago On Teaching Strategies: Chalk And Talk, Ict, Cooperative Learning, And Concept Map, David Chand

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

This study explored the pedagogical beliefs and teaching strategies of Biology teachers in high-performing secondary schools in Trinidad. Teachers believed Chalk and Talk was an effective method for students’ high achievement in Secondary School’s Board Examination. Teachers’ inherent beliefs about their teaching practices should be integrated in Teacher Education curriculum.

The "N" Framework: A Teacher Knowledge Framework For Numeracy Across The Curriculum, Kathy O'Sullivan, Niamh O'Meara, Merrilyn Goos, Paul Conway

Numeracy

Governments and policymakers around the world are encouraging teachers to teach numeracy across the curriculum. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for the knowledge required to teach numeracy across multiple disciplines. The concept of teacher knowledge is complex and consists of many different facets of knowledge. This paper proposes a framework that integrates theories from existing models of general and subject specific teacher knowledge, along with a model of numeracy. The authors developed the "N" framework, an integrated framework of numeracy knowledge, subject specific knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. Each element is essential for teaching numeracy across the curriculum in …

Throughput Comparison Between An Amr-Based Sorting System And A Loop Sorter: A Case Study On High-Performance Parcel Sorting, Moritz Roidl

International Material Handling Research Colloquium

No abstract provided.

The Dynamics Of Daily Area And Depth Of Grazing And Herbage Intake Of Cows In A Five Day Paddock System, M H. Wade, J L. Peyraud, G Lemaire, E A. Comeron

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Optimisation of animal production per unit area results in a penalty to individual animal production and herbage intake. The objective of the present study was to examine the dynamic changes in a grass sward in relation to declining production and herbage intake in five day paddocks grazed by dairy cows. The study formed part of a larger project to examine the effects of stocking rate and grazing method upon milk production and herbage intake that is reported by Peyraud et al. (1989).

The Relationship Of Herbage Intake Of Cattle To Herbage Mass, And Its Utilization On Rotationally Grazed Pasture, T Okajima, K Sawada, H Noriike, H Yokota

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the central part of Honshu island in Japan, seasonal vari­ation of herbage mass is also large (Okajima et al., 1985). So, when the grazing managements, i.e. stocking rate, grazing intensity etc., were not appropriate, part of herbage produced was lost through standing dead and litter, or grazing cattle lose their body weight. Sward characteristics affect the grazing behaviour of cattle (Jamieson and Hodgson, 1979), and then affect the herbage production and utilization. Relative herbage intake of cows was related to sward height (Baker et al., 1981). So, sward height was used as the indicator of the grazing management in …

The Effect Of Daily Herbage Allowance On The Ingestive Behavior Of Dairy Cows, M Rogalski, J Kryszak, Z Karzoun

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In conditions of pasture feeding sward selection and con­sumption by grazing animals is strongly influenced by char­acters of herbage (Forbes, 1986). Quantitative and qualitative state of the sward affects its consumption primarily through changes of such elements in animal behaviour as grazing time and number and size of bites (Hodgson, 1982, 1985). Rela­tivelyt much research has been done to investigate the response to the grazed sward of such ruminants as sheep, while the response of cattle, and particularly of dairy cows, has received much less attention (Arnold, 1981 ; Holmes, 1980). This paper presents results of investigations on the effect …

Effect Of Grazing On Pasture Production In South-West Western Australia, K.M S. Curtis, A C. Dunlop, T O. Albertson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

INTRODUCTION With a mediterranean climate in the south-west of Western Australia, pastures are composed of annual species from the genera Trifolium, Hordeum, Lolium, Bromus, Vulpia, Erodium and Artotheca. The length of the growing season ranges from 9 months near the coast to less than 5 months in the eastern wheatbelt. Seven million hectares of pastures are grazed predominantly by Merino sheep (about 33 millions). Stoking rate is the major factor affecting wool production on farm. An increase in stocking rate reduces wool production per sheep.Increasing the stocking rate reduces total pasture growth (Dunlop, et al., 1984) and changes the botanic …

Development Of A General Relationship Between Stocking Rate And Animal Production, J.M Van Heerden, N M. Tainton

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

One of the best known mathematical representations of the relationship between stocking rate and individual animal pro­duction, that of Mot (1960), postulated a modified exponential relationship. Subsequent workers, however, derived a linear relationship between stocking rate and production per animal unit, at least at stocking rates beyond a certain minimum value. One of these relationships, that of Jones & Sandland (1974), is widely used in South Africa. The results of grazing trials with sheep on complex grass/legume mixtures in the winter rainfall region of South Africa (van Heerden & Tainton, 1987-1988), however, suggested a degree of non-linearity in this relation­ship. …

Mixed Animal Species Grazing Under Temperate And Semi-Arid Conditions, T Nolan, J Connolly, L M. Guillon, C Sall, K Dieye, K Dieye, H Guerin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mixed grazing has been practiced for a long time, under a variety of climatic conditions, combinations of animal species and grazing managements (Nolan and Connolly, 1977). They suggested that although mixed grazing research progress was impeded by difficulties associated with the increased number of variables involved it offered greater opportunity to improve resource use. The purpose of this paper is to present results from recent research carried out under temperate and semi-arid conditions related to individual animal and per unit area outputs, animal/vegetation relationships and complemetary patterns of grazing behavious in relation to more efficient and balanced use of vegetation …

The Influence Of Clothes On The Thermoregulatory Behavior And The Protection Against External Parasites Of Grazing Cattle, M Sakurai, A Yamada

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Under the monsoon climate, maximum temperature showed 34 °C in August and minimum temperature showed - 15 °C in February, total rainfall amounting to 1.700 mm. Through the welfare of the grazing cattle, both hot, rain and frosty environ­ment influence the animal production (Bennett et al., 1984; Done-Currie Jr et al., 1984; Fraser, 1983). In order to improve the welfare of grazing cattle under hot, cold, rain and attacks of the external parasites, the efficiency of cattle clothes were studied.

Comparison Of Energy Budget In Pastures By System Model: Intensively Managed Pasture Vs. Extensively Managed Pasture, M Shiyomi, N Koyama, M Tsuiki, K Ochiai, H Kobayashi, S Shioya, T Ami

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An annual gain of 1 ton cattle body weight per ha was attained in an intensively managed pasture (IMP) of the National Grassland research Institute, NGRI, in 1986. In this experiment the efficiency of solar energy converted into herbage and cattle body was not directly determined although seasonal changes in herbage and animal biomasses were measured. In current report, the energy budget for herbage and cattle body in this pasture was estimated and compared with that in an extensively managed pasture (EMP) using a system model.

Cattle Grazing Of Bahiagrass (Paspalum Notatum Flugge) Sward Canopy As Influenced By Dung Deposition, M Hirata, Y Sugimoto, M Ueno

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

It is commonly observed in a grazed pasture that the grazing animal rejects the herbage on and near the dung pat (Marsh and Campling, 1970). However, quantitative information on the dung-induced changes in herbage consumption is very limited. In this study, cattle grazing of the dung-deposited sward canopy is compared with that of the dung-free sward canopy in order to clear the cattle dung effect on the herbage consumption in a bahiagrass pasture.

Faeceal Recoveries Of The Alkanes Of Plant Cuticular Waxes In Penned And In Grazing Sheep, H Dove, R W. Mayes, M Freer, J B. Coombe, J Z. Foot

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The saturated odd-chain hydrocarbons (alkanes) of plant cuticular waxes, with chain lengths in the range C25-C35, can be used as internal markers for estimating herbage digestibility (Mayes and Lamb, 1984). In similar fashion, orally-admini­stered even-chain alkanes (e.g. C23, C32 or C36) can be used to estimate faecal output (Mayes et al., 1986). These calculations, if done separately, require assumptions or information about the faecal recovery of alkanes. An alternative approach is to use one natural and one synthetic alkane, adjacent in chain length, to directly estimate herbage intake since, in this case, the incomplete recoveries have been shown to cancel …

Estimation Of Pasture Intake In Grazing Ewes, Using The Alkanes Of Plant Cuticular Waxes, H Dove, J Z. Foot, M Freer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Herbage intake in grazing animals is commonly estimated from faecal dry matter output, calculated from the dilution of orally-administered chromium sesquioxide (Cr203), and an in�� vitro estimate of herbage digestibility (e.g., Freer et al. 1988). A major disadvantage of this approach is that a single digesti­bility value is ultimately applied to all the animals in a group, despite the fact that both the level of intake of individual ani­mals and the consumption of supplement can alter herbage digestibility (Waite et al. 1964). More recently, Mayes et al.(1986) obtained accrurate estimates of known herbage, from a combination of the faecal levels …

Dynamique De La Vegetation Dans Des Parcours Des Prealpes Du Sud De La France, O Senn

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Une experimentation de revalorisation des terrains de par­cours exige un suivi phyto-ecologique dans le but de preciser !'impact du paturage ovin sur la vegetation spontanee et !es modalites de son evolution. Ce suivi a ete effectue au sein d'exploitations agricoles situees dans !es Prealpes calcaires du sud de la France, entre 750 et 1000 m d'altitude ; la moyenne des precipitations annuelles varie de 700 a 1000 mm.

A Modified Linear Programming Method For Assesing The Effects Of Mixed Grazing In The Heterogenous Environments, J Connolly, T Nolan, L M. Guillon, C Sall, K Dieye, H Guerin

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The aim of the programme of which this work is part is to investigate the role of mixed grazing in preservation of range vegetation and sustaining or improving animal production in the Senegalese Sahel. In this paper we apply the linear pro­gramming method of Connolly (1974) modified to allow for missing information, to data on animal preferences for plant species.

Intensive Continuous Dairy Cows Grazing Of An Heterogeneous Grassland: Botanical Evolution In Relation With The Animal Behavior, Anne Mathieu, B Leclerc, J L. Fiorelli, B Jeannin, B Hubert, E De Vaubernier

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Intensive continuous grazing is now well established in tem­perate climate countries (Parker, 1987). In semi-continental cli­mate, the adjustment of stocking rate to herbage growth is more complex (Mathieu and Jeannin, 1986). Moreover parcels are very often an assemblage of different types of permanent meadows. The question of animal behaviour in relation to this spatial heterogeneity, and the subsequent evolution of the pas­ture was posed. The perenniality of this grazing system is dependent on the trend of this evolution. An experimentation was carried out in the northeastern France (Mirecourt, Vosges) by INRA, in order to analyse spa­tial choices made by dairy …

Consommation Par Des Caprins De Quercus Ilex Et Quercus Pubescens Dans Un Taillis Mediterraneen, M C. Leouffre, E Lecrivain, B Leclerc

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Abandonnes depuis une cinquantaine d'annees, Jes massifs forestiers du sud-est de Ia France s'embroussaillent, Jes risques d'incendie augmentent alors que des eleveurs caprins a la recherche de ressources fourrageres pour !es troupeaux sont prets a utiliser ces milieux, done a participer a leur entretien. Afin de bien gerer l'espace et de controler )'impact des caprins, une etude a ete effectuee sur la consommation des deux principales especes ligneuses des taillis mediterraneens.

Composition Botanique Du Regime Alimentaire Des Bovins, Ovins Et Caprins Exploitant Des Parcours Naturels Et Agropastoraux Du Senegal, H Guerin, D Richard, D Froit, N Mbaye, C Sall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

La description botanique du regime ingere par !es ruminants au paturage peut resulter de methodes tres precises de terrain (Bourbouze, 1980) et de laboratoire (Theurer et al, 1976) ou au contraire d'une approche qualitative consistant a classer !es especes en fonction de leur appetibilite. La methode conc;ue pour cette etude a une precision intermediaire. Elle visait a fournir rapidement des informations sur !'utilisation des fourrages de parcours naturels saheliens (Vindou Tiengoli - 200 ha) OU sahelo-soudaniens (Doli - 740 ha) clotures et de parcours agrospastoraux soudaniens (Thysse Kayemor-terroir de 10.000 ha environ) ou soudano-guineens (Kolda-terroir de 3.000 ha) (carte 1).

The Effect Of Cutting And Goat Grazing On The Structure And Function Of Maqui Rangelands In Israel, A Perevolotsky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Maqui, a vegetation form composed of evergreen shrubs and small trees with sclerophyllous leaves, dominates the Mediterranean Basin. In recent decades the Maqui ecosystem has been recovering from centuries of overexploitation and often develops into a dense thicket. Developing a proprer man­agement scheme for the Maqui ecosystem has become, there­fore, a challenge in many Mediterranean countries. Among the methods suggested to keep dense Maqui open and restore the balance· between the growing woody component and the herbaceous biomass, was the use of goats, which have gained fame as efficient browsers (e.g., Huss, 1971).

The Effect Of Grazing By Sheep And Kangaroos Upon The Survival Of Grasses In A Semi-Arid Woodland Of South Eastern Australia, A C. Grice

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Since settlement by Europeans, the vegetation of the semi­arid woodlands of south eastern Australia has undergone major changes. The change of greatest significance to pastoral industries has been the increase in woody species and the decline of endemic perennial grasses (Anon, 1969). One cause of change has been grazing by large numbers of sheep, the introduced rabbit and the increased populations of kangaroos (Wilson et al., 1984; Newsome, 1975). Grazing-induced changes have meant not only the reduction in a valuable forage component but reduced competition for small shrub seedlings and a lowered probability of fires that kill shrubs. (Harrington et …

Evolution Et Degradation D'Un Ecosysteme Pature En Zone Soudano-Guineenne Au Cameroun, G Rippstein

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'Adamaoua est un vaste plateau situe en Afrique Centrale entre Jes 6° et 8° de latitude nord et Jes 10° et 16° de longitude est a des altitudes comprises entre 900 et I 500 m. Le climat y est soudanien avec une saison des pluies de 7 a 9 mois et I 600 a 1 800 mm de precipitation. Les observations foites en station ont montre des modifica­tions relativement foibles de la contribution des especes et des biomasses avec Jes feux, le paturage, Jes chargements moderes, Jes systemes d'exploitation et Jes repos periodiques frequents (Rippstein, 1985). Nous rapportons ici Jes …

Human And Animal Impacts On Vegetation And Forage Plants In The Southern Guinea Savanna Of Nigeria, L C. Nwaigbo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Human beings and animals interact with their habitat. This interaction changes the structure of the organization of com­munities of plants. The region that has been changed for worst with tress being replaced by grasses as a result of burning is the Savanna region of Nigeria. Annual fire is a common occurence in Nigerian Savanna and this ecological factor has altered the original vegetation of these areas. Burning is usually undertaken for clearing land for culti­vation and also for production of a flush of fresh palatable grass for grazing by the nomadic cattle herdsmen. Forage plants like Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus …

Utilisation Sylvopastorale De L'Espinal (Acacia Caven) Dans L'Aire Climatique Mediterraneenne Du Chili. Influence De L'Arbre Sur La Vegetation Pastorale, C Ovalle, J Avendano

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

L'espinal constitue d'une strate ligneuse dominee par l'arbre autochtone, Acacia caven, et d'une strate herbacee dominee par ��es therophytes d'origine circummediterraneenne, est la forma­tion vegetale pastorale d'importance economique majeure du Chili mediterraneen. L'amelioration pastorale de l'espinal, du fait de la presence simultanee des deux strates de vegetation, se heurte toujours a la question de la place, de !'utilisation ou du role d' Acacia caven par rapport a la strate herbacee dans le systeme ecologique complexe. Une premiere partie des resultats sur !'influence de l'arbre a ete presentee par Ovalle (1986) et Ovalle et Aven­dano (1987). Cette contribution ajoute des resultats …

Grazing Pressure By Sheep: Consequences For Pasture Stability In An Australian Mulga Woodland, K C. Hodgkinson, J W. Terpstra

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The mulga woodlands are an extensive (1.6 km2) native pas­ture type in semi-arid and arid Australia and mainly utilised for wool production (merino sheep). The dominant shrub/treee species is mulga (Acacia aneura) which usually occurs in groves across slopes. Pastures comprise perennial grasses and ephem­eral forbs. Continuous grazing by sheep and cattle and fire suppression has led to widespread degradation of these pastures; perennial grasses have diminished in abundance and been replaced by ephemeral forbs and inedible shrubs. This paper reports the grazing pressure on Thryridolepis mit­chelliana (a perennial grass ubiquitous in mulga woodlands but commonly diminished in abundance) …

Buried Viable Seeds In The Alberta Foothills Under High Intensity Low Frequency Grazing And The Resemblance To Seed Rain, R Lagroix-Mclean, Jane R. King

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sudies describing seed banks and seed rain on native rangelands are few in number although it is recognized that there is an abundance of viable seed within the soil (Rabinowitz, 1981; Johnston et al., 1969). The seed bank and seed rain represent an integral part of the potential for recruit­ment or regeneration of species into the sward (Rabinowitz, 1981). The role of seed banks in succession is yet to be com­pletely understood. Field experiments were conducted to describe seed bank and seed rain on a Canadian native prairie and to evaluate the impact of high intensity low frequency graz­ing on …