Digital Commons Network^™

Promoting Environmental Literacy And Stewardship Through Interdisciplinary Teaching, Eric Wadnal

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Some of the most pressing issues the current generation is experiencing are related to the environment. Teachers, regardless of discipline, must be prepared to equip students with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to solve these issues. Environmental education (EE) is critical for promoting environmental literacy and stewardship. Therefore, this paper explores the research question: How can environmental education be applied to interdisciplinary learning that emphasizes community and builds meaningful connections to the local environment? The impact of connecting students to local environments and communities demonstrates the need for EE approaches that are contextually relevant, participatory, and interdisciplinary. To support …

Curriculum Promotion Of Students’ Stem Self-Efficacy, Rae Eisenreich

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

As the field of STEM grows and expands, it does the same within classrooms. Self-efficacy in students' STEM experiences and skill building can be promoted by educators. When students do have high STEM self-efficacy, they may be more likely to persevere through difficult tasks and remain optimistic during the learning process. This research is centered around the question: What are the five most critical components of STEM curriculum design that promote students' self-efficacy? After reading and researching, the five areas of criteria to help promote this became apparent: active and hands-on learning, inquiry-based with authentic problem-solving, self-identity and career awareness, …

Beyond Language Barriers: Challenging The Equity And Validity Of English-Only Standardized Tests For English Language Learners, Courtney Pille

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

English Language Learners represent one of the fastest-growing student populations in American schools, yet they are required to take state standardized tests designed exclusively for native English speakers. This practice creates significant validity, reliability, and equity concerns–as research demonstrates that academic English proficiency takes 4-8 years to develop while students face annual testing requirements beginning in grade 3. This capstone uses a comprehensive literature review examining standardized testing practices, English language acquisition processes, and equity challenges to answer the research question: To what extent does administering English-only standardized tests to English Language Learners (ELLs) produce valid measurements of their academic …

Middle School Science Inquiry-Based Learning On A Budget, Rosalie Olander

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This curriculum project was based on the question, “How can science educators teach middle school students while promoting quality inquiry-based learning with a minimum budget?” It was inspired by budget constraints forcing teachers to spend personal funds ($500-$750 annually) on classroom supplies. Science teachers are particularly impacted due to specialized equipment needs, and quality inquiry-based learning is often sacrificed due to cost limitations. The curriculum created as part of this project was written with the framework of Pedaste et al.'s (2015) inquiry phases, the National Research Council's (2012) A Framework for K-12 Science Education, and Wiggins and McTighe's (2011) Understanding …

Incorporating Cooperative Learning And Active Listening Skills In Secondary-Level Science Classrooms, Kaveri Kamatgi

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Middle school students are in a key stage of developing their social and emotional skills. Research emphasizes the importance of focusing on effective instructional strategies to support and enhance that development. In science classrooms, this means providing opportunities for cooperative learning and active listening skills, enabling students to interact and consider diverse perspectives while working in lab investigations, problem-based activities, or research projects. According to the NGSS framework for K-12 science education, students are expected to engage in scientific practices that foster scientific thinking skills. To support the development of these skills, this capstone project explored the question: How can …

The Integration Of Movement And Technology In Elementary Schools: Enhancing Student Learning, Emily Hillis

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of technology has increased within elementary classrooms. Research shows that there are many advantages and disadvantages to students having these technology tools during the school day. Movement-based learning has since taken a decline in elementary classrooms since the pandemic. Research suggests that movement is impactful to students retention, engagement, and mood. This encouraged the idea of How can educators combine technology and movement activities to enhance learning outcomes for elementary students? The literature review explores the different sides of technology and movement-based learning. It examines the advantages and disadvantages, challenges, and the impact that …

Making More “Math People”: Increasing The Accessibility Of High-Level Math Classes Through Detracking, Aidan Clements

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

One of the most often maligned subjects, mathematics courses are typically strictly tracked by skill level. This project attempts to create more ‘math people’ by designing a curriculum to answer the question: How can differentiation, in-class grouping, and detracking be used to increase the accessibility of high-level math classes? Drawing from a personal narrative, this project reviews literature on the benefits and drawbacks of tracking systems, differentiation, student outcomes, and mathematical mindsets, drawing heavily on work by Jo Boaler (2022). The curriculum is designed with both Understanding by Design and Standards Based Grading framework, and also leverages the flipped classroom …

Centering Adult Basic Education Students As Learners And Creators With Class Websites, Kristy Cannon

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

An adult basic education (ABE) class website can integrate educational theories and technology to center students as learners and creators. This research explored educational theories that include andragogy, other adult-specific learning theories, heutagogy, constructivism, culturally relevant theories, and traditional teacher-centered learning models and methods. This project integrated those learning theories with the online modality of a tool-rich class website to promote digital literacy and center students as learners and creators actively participating in their own learning. The project is a Google Sites class website that can be used as a model or template for ABE teachers to copy, modify, and …

What Are The Most Effective Social-Emotional Behavioral Management Strategies For Creating A Culturally Affirming Classroom Environment?, Bill Cook

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Classroom management often emphasizes teacher control and a top-down approach. But what if we built a classroom culture with students, one rooted in relationships, identity, culture, and the social-emotional skills they need to succeed? This Capstone explores how integrating SEL into academic and classroom settings can shape classroom culture and transform our approach to management. It answers the question, What are the most effective social-emotional behavioral management strategies for creating a culturally affirming classroom environment? How can creating a binder of social-emotional strategies help teachers create a culturally affirming classroom? This project highlights the five core SEL competencies—self-awareness, self-management, social …

Teacher Autonomy And Collaboration: Achieving More Equitable Outcomes, Lucas Sun

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

Collaboration and autonomy are core components of teaching. Collaboration may have become ubiquitous due to the rising prevalence of Professional Learning Communities, and autonomy has always been crucial for teachers to feel empowered and take ownership of their classrooms. Together, collaboration and autonomy each can impact student equity negatively and positively. The guiding question is then: How does teacher autonomy and collaboration affect student equity in the classroom? Reviewing literature found that teacher autonomy can cause stagnation in teaching practices or allow for meaningful differentiation. Collaboration can create rote compliance tasks or allow teachers to take risks to continuously improve. …

The Literary Games We Play: Science Fiction In The Teaching Of Secondary Science, Luiza Roos

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project responds to a need for interdisciplinary approaches that merge literacy development with scientific inquiry, recognizing the challenges of engaging diverse learners in complex ecological and evolutionary content. Drawing from research in fiction-based learning (Wong et al., 2024), science fiction and science pedagogy (Bixler, 2007), role-playing games in education (Cheville, 2016), and culturally responsive teaching (Rodriguez & Morrison, 2019), the project aims to make science more accessible, inclusive, and relevant to students’ lived experiences. This capstone explores how science fiction novels, specifically The Kaiju Preservation Society by John Scalzi, can be effectively integrated into a secondary science curriculum to …

A Comparative Case Analysis Of Rural Science Teachers’ Experiences With Professional Learning, Loraine Glidewell, Jennifer Jacobs, Anna-Ruth Allen, William Penuel, Abraham S. Lo

The Rural Educator

This article presents a comparative case analysis of three U.S. rural science teachers who participated in an online course focused on designing assessments aligned with the Framework for K–12 Science Education and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). Data from surveys, designed assessments, classroom observations, and interviews were used to investigate and compare these rural teachers’ experiences before, during, and after the course. This article describes the variations among rural science teachers in their local teaching contexts, relevant prior experiences, and how they engaged in and learned from professional development. The case study teachers entered the course with differences in …

Building Respect, Responsibility, And Reciprocity: Insights From A Rural Stem Research Practice Design Partnership, Amanda Obery, Martha Cabell, Shelly Hogan, Matt Queen

The Rural Educator

Rural schools often have strong community involvement and thus can offer educational experiences to students that are more closely aligned with local people and places. However, curricula in rural schools rarely offer this same alignment. Partnerships with others, including higher education, can support rural schools in creating STEM curricula that center the resources and careers present in their communities. A research design practice partnership (RPDP) was created as a Third Space to enable the development of locally relevant STEM curricula. The partnership was formed focusing on respect, responsibility, and reciprocity, necessary tenets as the roles and goals of the project …

Network Segmentation Security With The Implementation Of Threats, Ryan Bredesen, Stephen Mujeye

Faculty Publications – Technology

Network segmentation is an important cybersecurity strategy that aims to reduce an attacker's ability to move laterally and increase security within a network. This study evaluated the effectiveness of network segmentation by simulating attacks on two networks using Infection Monkey. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of network segmentation on the detection and spread of threats across several virtual machines. Two network environments were created, the first unsegmented network (Network A) and a segmented network (Network B). Multiple simulated attacks were conducted on both networks. The attacks confirmed that the segmented network achieved better protection because …

Clusters In The Storm: Regional Economic Specialization Before And After Hurricane Harvey, Gwyneth King Waddington

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, large-scale disaster events have dominated headlines. As the world faces an increasing number of such disasters, it is crucial to understand their impacts beyond immediate monetary losses. Disasters not only directly impact individuals and businesses but may also reshape the spatial patterns of the regional economy. Through a case study of Hurricane Harvey in Texas and Louisiana, this study examines how disaster events influence regional economic specialization patterns and contribute to uneven impacts across economic supersectors and geographies. Expanding on previous methodologies, this study incorporates temporal analysis tools to identify and investigate case studies of economic change. …

From Chalk Dust To Destiny: Race, Gender, Hair, And The Making Of My Stem Identity, Angela Gaines Hill

Theses and Dissertations

This critical autoethnography explored the evolving STEM identity of myself as a Black female student and educator and examined how race, gender, and hair politics intersected to shape experiences within predominantly white institutions. Guided by a two-fold framework of Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Transformative Leadership Theory (TLT) , I posed two research questions: 1) How has my STEM identity as a Black woman evolved over time through my experiences as a student and educator?; 2) In what ways does my current STEM identity as a Black woman, as understood through reflective practices, inform my pedagogical approaches and mentoring of …

Cultural Competency Of Teachers And Its Effect On Their Instructional Practices, Martin Sims

Theses and Dissertations

Core content teachers at S Middle School participate in a study that reveals how increased cultural competency levels among 7^th-grade core content teachers positively influences their instructional practices. The increased cultural competency led to a more inclusive and effective learning environment across all core content areas. Throughout the study, teachers reflected on their own cultural identities while also considering the diverse cultural backgrounds of their students in each class period. As a result, teachers gained a deeper understanding of how cultural factors shape students' learning experiences and needs. The participants adjusted their teaching strategies to better connect with …

Red Forest, Lucas Shilts

Senior Project

Sustaining large numbers of astronauts on Mars will require greenhouses capable of supplementing astronaut dietary needs. Lower solar irradiation and high levels of ionizing radiation on the Martian surface complicate the growth of crops on the red planet. Crops on Mars must be protected from radiation sources while still receiving sufficient illumination to grow. This research seeks to develop a Martian greenhouse illumination and heating design capable of efficiently providing plants the illumination and warmth needed while protecting them from the Martian radiation environment. This research explores a design for a direct-light subsurface Martian greenhouse which employs sun-tracking mirrors, vertical …

Aligning School Improvement – From Goal Setting To Classroom Application., Kate M. Cassada, Carol J. Stevens, Jamelle S. Wilson

Education Faculty Publications

By connecting district goal setting to school initiatives and classroom application, a Virginia school district makes accountability work.

Learn, Sleep, Remember, Repeat, Charlie Martinez, Christian Fink

Physics Student Scholarship

My research focused on using computational methods to study the effect of sleep on memory. There are many simplifications that we used to break down this hefty question, but two are essential to understand: (1) we modeled a simple network (connection diagram included in poster) that comprised of only about 800 neurons (for reference the human brain contains about 80 billion neurons) and represented the connection between two brain regions the thalamus and the cortex, and (2) we modeled memory as a simple learning rule that strengthened connections between neurons that fired in sequence and weakened connections that pointed in …

Understanding Stellar Element Formation Through Nuclear Reactions, Irena Langer, Mally Panek, Kiyah Young-Wilson, Adam Fritsch

Physics Student Scholarship

Studying nuclear structure has many applications, such as developing a stronger understanding of stellar nucleosynthesis, or how elements are formed inside of stars. Our research focuses on analysis of the proton evaporation nuclear reaction of Carbon-12 on Aluminum-27 in order to extract information about the structure of the nuclei involved. We are studying the cross section, or likelihood, of this reaction, using both experimental and modeled data. Since the cross section of a nuclear reaction depends on the physical characteristics of the nuclei involved, we can use the cross section to analyze our work.

Measuring How Much Judges Matter For Case Outcomes, Ryan W. Copus, Ryan Hübert

Faculty Works

A large empirical literature examines how judges’ traits affect how cases get resolved. This literature has led many to conclude that judges matter for case outcomes. But how much do they matter? Existing empirical findings understate the true extent of judicial influence over case outcomes since standard estimation techniques hide some disagreement among judges. We devise a machine learning method to reveal additional sources of disagreement. Applying this method to the Ninth Circuit, we estimate that at least 38% of cases could be decided differently based solely on the panel they were assigned to.

Teaching Learning Newsletter Vol 5 Issue 1, Sastra Deemed To Be University

TLC Newsletter

No abstract provided.

A Quantitative Study Of The Relationship Between The Decision-Making Style Of School Principals And Their Faculty And Staffs’ Perception Of Their Leadership Effectiveness, Joshua D. Viola Phd

Leadership Studies

Decision-making has been studied and researched for centuries, as have the leadership qualities associated with it. In today’s complicated world, decision-making of organizational leaders is more scrutinized than ever, and this investigation will examine what the decision-making process looks like for principals in public schools (Evans & Semrau, 2015). Organizational leadership and organizational demographics are also compared to decision-making style. This study collected decision-making data from public school principals in Maine who work at schools with 50% or less free and reduced lunch as well as leadership effectiveness data from faculty and staff in those schools. An ANOVA was run …

In Situ Thrust Measurement Of Fish During Locomotion; Test Case: Sharks, Braedon Payne, Bryan A. Keller, Daniel Weihs, Roi Gurka

Physics and Engineering Science

We present a novel method of measuring thrust of aquatic animals using in situ video data of swimming motions. To demonstrate its utility, the method was applied to several large elasmobranch species, which are typically highly challenging to measure. Using motion tracking software, we analyzed video footage of wild and captive sharks to track their instantaneous position and speed. In order to estimate the force output, we used the tail/body motion based on the swimming modes of the fish to calculate the water displaced by this motion during locomotion. Using Newton 3rd law, we have calculated the instantaneous force exerted …

Statistical Power To Detect Simultaneous Violation Of Proportionality In Hazards And Additive Assumption In Cox Regression Model, Lawrence Mensah Agbota

Theses and Dissertations

The Cox proportional hazards regression model is a widely employed semi-parametric tool in epidemiological and medical research for analyzing time-to-event data and assessing the relationship between patient survival times and one or more predictors. This method involves regression analyses necessitating a meticulous approach to careful examination of the covariates and the relationship among covariates included in the model through a series of critical decisions and steps. Violation of the additivity of the effects and the proportionality in hazards (PH) assumption can lead to biased results and misleading scientific findings. We conducted a Monte Carlo simulation study to assess the performance …

Status Of The Western Australian Pastoral Rangelands 2024: Total Vegetative Cover, Cover Risk And Pasture Condition, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources published reports

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) monitors and reports on the vegetation condition of pastoral rangelands in Western Australia. Two levels of reporting are provided: every 5 years a full report (this report) details the state, trend and risk of decrease of vegetation condition in the pastoral rangelands using information derived from remotely sensed and on-ground data; in the intervening years, short reports are provided based on remotely sensed data.

This full report is based on remotely sensed vegetation cover data, rainfall data, livestock data and station-level rangeland condition assessment (RCA) data available in November 2024. Data …

Developing Growth Mindsets In The Math Classroom, James Logan

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This capstone seeks to answer the question, How can students develop growth mindsets while learning math? The research was inspired by the belief that learning mathematics could help students develop a growth mindset, which could have a positive impact on both their academic achievement and their overall well-being outside of school. A literature review was conducted focusing on the value of a growth mindset, specific strategies for its development, and the effects of a growth mindset on underrepresented populations. The research confirmed the importance of growth mindsets, identifying both academic and social-emotional benefits. Additionally, multiple strategies for developing growth mindsets …

Combating Burnout: Science Curriculum That Decreases Teacher Workload, Christopher Yauch

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects

This project produced five days of lesson plans, a document to help assess lessons, and a reminder list which all promote the successful adoption of inquiry-based learning (IBL) into a classroom. The adoption of IBL ideally functions to allow teachers to decrease the overall “workload” or amount of prep time needed to teach traditionally content-heavy courses by way of empowering students to become the center of the learning process. Current research indicates there are noted barriers to widespread IBL adoption, such as lack of administrative support, lack of appropriate teacher training, and commonplace reliance on traditional learning styles. When implemented …

Serving Others Using Generative Ai, Kenneth C. Arnold

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Ken Arnold, computer science professor at Calvin University, explores the idea of use Generative AI as a tool to help us serve others.