Digital Commons Network^™

A Federated Approach To Scalable And Trustworthy Financial Fraud Detection, Yaser Alhasawi, Aljwhrh Abdalaziz Almtrf, Muhammad Asad

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Financial fraud remains a critical challenge for digital banking, requiring detection solutions that ensure both scalability and data privacy. Traditional centralized approaches face limitations due to security risks and system bottlenecks. This paper proposes FedFraud, a novel federated learning (FL) framework that detects fraudulent transactions without sharing raw data. FedFraud introduces two key innovations: (i) a trust-aware client aggregation mechanism that assigns weights based on update reliability and (ii) an asynchronous communication protocol enabling clients to contribute updates independently. Evaluated on the Credit Card Fraud Detection dataset under a nonidentically distributed (non-IID) data setting where client data distributions differ significantly, …

Coupled-Channel Calculations Of Fully Differential Cross Sections For Ionization In 75-Kev P + He Collisions, K. H. Spicer, N. W. Antonio, M. S. Schöffler, Michael Schulz, A. S. Kadyrov

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The fully differential cross section is the most detailed quantity that can be measured or calculated to study ionization in few-body systems. For 75 keV proton collisions with helium, various experimental data are available. However, previous theoretical calculations found significant discrepancies across the entire range of data. In this work the wave-packet convergent close-coupling method is extended to calculating these cross sections for electrons ejected with energies from 1 to 75.4 eV. The approach utilizes a two-center expansion and correlated two-electron helium wave functions to describe the four-body proton-helium system. While there is good agreement with the experiment for electrons …

Bioelectrochemical Systems: Prioritizing Energy Density, Long-Term Stability, And Validation, Luana C.I. Faria, Steffane Q. Nascimento, Filipe C.D.A. Lima, Graziela C. Sedenho, Thiago Bertaglia, Rodrigo M. Iost, João C.P. De Souza, Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez, Shelley D. Minteer, Serge Cosnier, Ariel L. Furst, Frank N. Crespilho

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Pioneering work in bioelectrochemistry, particularly the employing of yeast cells to generate electrical current, had substantially favored the comprehension of bio electrochemical reactions. This foundational research has boosted the development of bio electrochemical systems (BES), which are significant for sustainable energy solutions. BES technologies, such as biobatteries, bio supercapacitors, and enzymatic and microbial biofuel cells, harness organic and biological systems to provide environmentally friendly alternatives for energy storage and conversion. Despite their potential, these technologies face challenges in achieving competitive energy densities and long-term stability compared to traditional accumulators and converters. Here, we introduce a new Ragone plot for BES, …

Hemispheric Asymmetry Of Phase Partition In Mixed-Phase Clouds Based On Near Global-Scale Airborne Observations, Ching An Yang, Minghui Diao, Yang Shi, Xiaohong Liu

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Mixed-phase clouds contribute to substantial uncertainties in global climate models due to their complex microphysical properties. Former model evaluations almost exclusively rely on satellite observations to assess cloud phase distributions globally. This study investigated mixed-phase cloud properties using near global-scale in situ observation data sets from 14 flight campaigns in combination with collocated output from a global climate model. The Southern Hemisphere (SH) shows significantly higher occurrence frequencies and higher mass fractions of supercooled liquid water than Northern Hemisphere (NH) based on observations at 0.2 and 100 km horizontal scales. Such hemispheric asymmetry is not captured by the model. The …

Tooling For The Creation And Integration Of Oer Documents And Technologies, Steven Clontz

ACHE Open Educational Resources Workshop

In order for Open Educational Resources to live up to their promise as a viable alternative to paid offerings, authors must have access to high-quality software to produce not only static texts, but also interactive and accessible electronic resources. The presenter will demonstrate how the PreTeXt authoring ecosystem puts powerful tools for creating such resources in the hands of authors, without requiring a significant technical background. This talk is based on work funded by the National Science Foundation's Pathways to Enable Open Source Ecosystems grant program.

Break, Break

ACHE Open Educational Resources Workshop

No abstract provided.

Room-Temperature Alignment-Free Magnetometry With Boron Vacancies In Hot-Pressed Hexagonal Boron Nitride, Raul Coto Cabrera

Mathematics Colloquium Series

Magnetic field sensing is essential for applications in communication, environmental monitoring, and biomedical diagnostics. Quantum magnetic field sensors based on solid-state spin defects, such as NV centers in diamond, typically require precise alignment between the external magnetic field and the defect’s spin quantization axis to achieve reliable and directional sensing. This alignment constraint imposes challenges for device integration, especially in scalable or fielddeployable applications. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) from negatively charged boron vacancies (VB-) in commercially available hot-pressed polycrystalline hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Owing to the random orientation of grains in the material, the system …

Lunch, Lunch

ACHE Open Educational Resources Workshop

No abstract provided.

Break, Scheduled Break

ACHE Open Educational Resources Workshop

No abstract provided.

The Benefits Of Combining Center-Based And Home-Based Care For Preschool Children, Savannah Christensen

Family Perspectives

Abstract: Research shows that the quality of care children receive in early childhood—whether from a parent, relative, or formal child care provider—significantly influences their cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. This article analyzes several peer-reviewed sources to examine how different caregiving environments impact development and how these effects are moderated by the quality of care and the home environment. It also addresses how socioeconomic status can shape the quality of care children receive and the long-term outcomes associated with each caregiving type. While parents are typically seen as the ideal caregivers, children in nonparental care, such as with relatives or in …

Welcoming And Opening Remarks, Harold Pardue, Robin Mcgill

ACHE Open Educational Resources Workshop

No abstract provided.

Bus Wire Designs For Minimizing Visibility Of Diffraction Artifacts, Kellie Shaw

Defensive Publications Series

A transparent panel includes an optically transparent substrate, and a plurality of electrically conducting tracks disposed over a surface of the substrate, the plurality of tracks arranged in intersecting rows and columns and defining therebetween an array of pixels having substantially identical areal shape and dimensions, where the tracks have a periodic shape of varying amplitude and frequency, with a peak-to-peak variability in the amplitude being less than approximately 10%.

Comparison Of Liu-Type Estimator For Multicollinearity In Fuzzy Logistic Regression Model, Ayad Habib Shemail, Ahmed Razzaq Al-Lami, Amal Hadi Rashid

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

This article addresses the fuzzy logistic regression model under conditions of multicollinearity, which causes instability and inflated variance in parameter estimation. In this model, both the response variable and parameters are represented as fuzzy triangular numbers. To overcome the multicollinearity problem, various Liu-type estimators were employed: Fuzzy Maximum Likelihood Estimators (FMLE), Fuzzy Logistic Ridge Estimators (FLRE), Fuzzy Logistic Liu Estimators (FLLE), Fuzzy Logistic Liu-type Estimators (FLLTE), and Fuzzy Logistic Liu-type Parameter Estimators (FLLTPE). Through simulations with various sample sizes and application to real fuzzy data on kidney failure, model performance was evaluated using mean square error (MSE) and goodness of …

Software Engineering Approach To Enhancing Privacy Protection: Automated Face Blurring Using Deep Learning In Arab Social Media, Yasmin Makki Mohialden, Nadia Mahmood Hussien, Mostafa Abdulghafoor Mohammed

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

In the age of digital media, securing personal identities in shared material, especially on social media, has become a significant challenge. This research leverages software engineering to automate face blurring in photographs of Arab social media personalities. It proposes a system that integrates sophisticated deep-learning algorithms with standard image processing within a robust software architecture. This modular system is scalable, maintainable, and compatible with digital media platforms. Gaussian blur is applied to protect privacy once convolutional neural networks (CNNs) identify faces. The system’s efficiency and accuracy are enhanced by OpenCV and NumPy. In experiments, this system consistently identifies and blurs …

Two-Factor Authentication Software For Bluetooth Pairing Between Mobile And Pc Operating Systems, Sundos A. Hameed Alazawi, Abbas A. Abdulhameed, Mostafa Abdulghafoor Mohammed, Thekra Abbas

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Bluetooth devices actively broadcast software when pairing to connect. Even during the connection process, the connection can be monitored to view information about the transmission. Using this information, anyone can hijack your existing connection and steal data. Bluetooth connections can be single or multiple. Thus, while connecting to a device, the same device could be simultaneously connected to another device. To avoid this problem, a new software is proposed to support the ID-based authentication process for paired devices by integrating an authentication method based on the biometric features of the device owner. The proposed two-factor security authentication system for pairing …

Retracted: Evaluating The Performance Of The Dbscan Algorithm's Using Number Of External Scores Measures, Rajaa Hasan Abbas, Huda Qusay Hashim, Huda Karem Nasser

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

The emergence of more informative clustering methods than classical representations is important, so the density-based spatial clustering for applications with noise (DBSCAN) technique can yield an accurate statistical idea of clusters. DBSCAN is becoming more and more popular. On the other hand, if we are aware of actual datasets so that we can make comparisons with these datasets, we aim to determine the accuracy with which the partitioning is estimated using the density-based method. Therefore, in order to compare the success of the partitioning found by the density-based approach under different models, some external scores measures (Adjusted Rand, F-measure, and …

Ontology Features-Based Arabic Text Augmentation Using Word2vec, Enas Tariq Khudair, Onsa Lazzez, Mourad Zaied, Tarek M. Hamdani, Ahmed T. Sadiq, Habib Chabchoub, Adel M. Alimi

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Text augmentation plays a major role when data is scarce. In this context, there are few Arabic news texts for specific purposes, and hence, there is a dire need to generate Arabic text, especially news. This paper presents an enhanced approach to Arabic text augmentation based on Arabic ontology features. The Arabic part of speech, particularly adjectives, verbs, and prepositions, and the ontology properties regarding such parts to create new texts, make up the first stage of the system, which has multiple stages. Word2Vector (Word2Vec) plays a pivotal role in giving Arabic ontology features to the specific Arabic Part of …

A Deep Learning Framework For Early Autism Detection Using Eeg Signals, Maha M. Hamzeh, Ali Y. Al-Sultan, Salah Al-Obaidi

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated neurodevelopmental illness, affecting social interaction, communication, and cognitive function. To lower healthcare costs and facilitate prompt intervention, early and accurate detection is crucial. However, behavioral assessments—which are inherently subjective and can lead to delayed diagnoses—are a significant component of traditional diagnostic procedures. This paper presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) and time-frequency analysis-based early ASD screening using EEG signals. EEG data undergoes a preprocessing step to remove noise and power interference. After that, the signals were divided into 5-, 10-, and 20-second time frames. Each EEG time frame segment is represented in the …

Goal-Oriented Aesthetic Treatment (Goat): A Systematic Framework For Three-Dimensional Facial Aesthetic Assessment — Part 1: Vertical Dimension, Heng-Ming Chang, Yao Chen, Kwok-Hing Ho, Kai-Long Wang, Chih-Wei Wang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Facial aesthetics is a multidimensional concept that requires an integrative assessment of the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes to achieve balance and harmony. Among these, the vertical dimension plays a crucial role in determining facial proportions, occlusal function, and overall aesthetic perception. This review introduces the Goal-Oriented Aesthetic Treatment (GOAT) framework as a systematic approach to evaluating the vertical aspects of facial aesthetics, providing a structured methodology for clinical assessment and treatment planning. A comprehensive evaluation of the vertical dimension encompasses several key parameters, including facial pattern classification, vertical proportions, lip competency, and overbite analysis. Traditional cephalometric indices, such as …

Kenyon Collegian - September 11, 2025

The Kenyon Collegian

No abstract provided.

Structural Evolution Of Nitrogenase Over 3 Billion Years, Bruno Cuevas Zuviría, Franka Detemple, Kaustubh Amritkar, Amanda K. Garcia, Lance Seefeldt, Betül Kaçar

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Previously, we identified the only dinitrogen reduction mechanism known to date as an ancient feature conserved from nitrogenase ancestors, which we directly tested by resurrecting and integrating synthetic ancestral nitrogenases into the genome of Azotobacter vinelandii (Garcia et al., 2023), a genetically tractable, nitrogen-fixing model bacterium. Here, we extend this paleomolecular approach to investigate the structural evolution of nitrogenase over billions of years of evolution by combining phylogenetics, ancestral sequence reconstruction, protein crystallography, and deep-learning based predictions. This study reveals that nitrogenase, while maintaining a conserved multimeric core, evolved novel modular features aligned with major environmental transitions, suggesting that subtle …

Health On The Rocks: Geohealth In Kentucky, Rachel L. Washburn

Special Publication--KGS

Geohealth bridges the earth and life sciences, revealing how Kentucky’s unique geology directly shapes public health risks, clinical outcomes, and opportunities for innovation. This factsheet highlights the critical intersections between geologic processes and human health across the Commonwealth—from landslides, floods, and tornadoes to radon, mine drainage, and microbial contamination. It outlines how natural and anthropogenic forces influence respiratory illness, cancer, trauma, and infectious disease, and how bedrock and weather extremes define local exposure pathways. Beyond risk, it also showcases Kentucky’s leadership in developing geoscience-informed health solutions: bioremediation, microbial drug discovery, and geologic-health monitoring networks that strengthen preparedness and resilience. Understanding …

Comprehensive Assessment Of Gpm-Imerg And Era5 Precipitation Products Across Ireland, Safa Mohammed, Ahmed Nasr, Mohammed Mahmoud

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

No abstract provided.

Wmu Board Of Trustee Board Meeting, Thursday September 11, 2025, Wmu Board Of Trustees

WMU Board of Trustees Meetings

Acceptance of the Agenda

Approval of the Minutes (June 26, 2025 and August 13, 2025

Remarks by the Chair of the Board

Remarks by the President

Updates by the Faculty Senate President

Updates by the Western Student Association President

Updates by the Graduate Student Association President

Western Michigan University Employee Graduates

Presentation: A History of Teaching and Learning; Zhang Legacy Collections Center

Public Comments Regarding Action Items

Action Items

Professional Instructors Organization (PIO) 2025-2029 Agreement

Remarks following vote by PIO Contract Enforcement Officer

Delegated Board of Trustees Authority to Confer Degrees

Consent Items

• Personnel Report
• Amendment to the Brian Schott …

Fqhc Turnaround Success – Does Leadership Matter?, Luis Orlando Amaro

All ETDs from UAB

Background: Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are essential providers of primary care in underserved communities but face growing risks of financial instability. Leader transitions, particularly at the executive level, may influence an organization's ability to recover from fiscal distress. This study examined whether executive succession—and the type of succession (internal vs. external)—was associated with financial turnaround among distressed FQHCs. Methods: Financial distress was assessed using the Modified Altman Z-Score, a validated indicator of fiscal health in nonprofit organizations. A longitudinal, quantitative design was used to analyze 850 FQHCs across the United States over a six-year period (2017–2022). Financial performance was …

Solitary Waves For Power Degenerate Non Linear Schro ̈Dinger Equation And Fourth Order Wave Equation., Vishnu Iyer

All ETDs from UAB

In this dissertation we prove the existence and stability of solitary waves for the power degenerate non linear Schr ̈odinger equation (2.1.1) and a fourth order wave equation (3.1.1). Construction of the waves are variational in nature. For the NLS we consider a semilinear Schr ̈odinger equation, driven by the power degenerate second order differential operator ∇ · (|x|2a∇), a ∈ (0, 1). We construct the solitary waves, in the sharp range of parameters, as minimizers of the Caffarelli- Kohn-Nirenberg’s inequality. Depending on the parameter a and the nonlinearity, we establish a number of properties, such as positivity, smoothness (away …

Modeling Musculoskeletal Combat Casualty Care: Nato Trauma System Performance In Large Scale Combat Operations, Mark P. Cote, Kaitlyn E. Holly, Roman J. Schoenfeld, Matthew R. Bryan, Malina O. Hatton, Mitchel B. Harris, Tracey P. Koehlmoos, Andrew J. Schoenfeld

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether the current North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) trauma system will be effective in the setting of Large-Scale Combat Operations (LSCO). We sought to model the efficacy of the NATO trauma system in the setting of LSCO. We also intended to model novel scenarios that could better adapt the current system to LSCO.

METHODS: We developed a discrete-event simulation model for patients with combat musculoskeletal injuries treated within the standard NATO system. The primary outcome of the model was survival. The model's health states were characterized as stable, hypovolemia, sepsis, shock, or death. The model simulated …

An Adaptive Force Matching Potential For Alanine Developed With Møller-Plesset Perturbation Theory And Smooth Fourier Transform Correction Map, Ying Yuan, Feng Wang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Developing accurate force fields for biomolecules remains a significant challenge due to the subtle energetic differences between various conformational states. We present a novel force field model for polyalanine, ALAMP2_25, developed using adaptive force matching (AFM) with M & oslash;ller-Plesset perturbation theory at the second order (MP2) as the reference method. By fitting smaller model compounds and transferring parameters to larger peptides, we overcome the limitations of traditional AFM approaches and enable the use of more accurate electronic structure methods. The ALAMP2_25 model incorporates a new correction scheme, Smooth Fourier Transform-based phi, psi correction map (SFT-CMAP), which efficiently describes phi, …

Bayesian Survival Analysis For High-Dimensional Compositional Data, Zhenying Ding

All ETDs from UAB

Survival analysis integrating microbiome and clinical data offers powerful insights into human health. The microbiome influences immunity, inflammation, and cancer outcomes. Combining microbial profiles with clinical factors like tumor stage, treatment, and demographics enhances understanding of how host-microbe interactions affect survival. To analyze these complex datasets, advanced statistical methods, including Bayesian models, penalized Cox proportional hazards models, and machine learning techniques are employed. These approaches can uncover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, leading to personalized treatment strategies that optimize patient survival. However, challenges arise due to the compositionality, high-dimensionality, and phylogenetic relation between taxa in microbiome data. In this dissertation, …

Imaging A Digital Stock Exchange, Mrigank Mrigank

All ETDs from UAB

In 2021, Rama Cont and Marvin M¨uller proposed a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) that models the density of orders in the limit order book at a given distance from the mid-price. In this thesis, we begin with a generalized version of the Cont–M¨uller SPDE and formulate an associated inverse problem. We present two alternative approaches to framing this inverse problem and establish, under appropriate assumptions, that it is conditionally well-posed. To solve the inverse problem, specifically, to recover the coefficients in the generalized Cont–M¨uller model, we adapt a variational approach involving the minimization of convex functionals. The recovered coefficients …