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Machine Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System For Iot Networks Using The Rt-Iot 2022 Dataset, Bukunmi Ebenezer Afolabi

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed modern computing by enabling seamless connectivity among heterogeneous devices across diverse application domains. However, this increased interconnectivity has significantly enlarged the attack surface of IoT networks, exposing them to a wide range of sophisticated cyber threats. Conventional security mechanisms often lack the capability to detect emerging attacks in real time, thereby necessitating the development of intelligent Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) capable of accurately identifying malicious network activities. This study developed and evaluated a machine learning-based intrusion detection framework for multiclass IoT attack detection using the RT-IoT2022 dataset. The dataset …

Utilizing Coal For Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fiber Production: Precursors, Processes, And Progress, Christina M. Thompson

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Graphitic materials possess unique properties due to the unique combination of layered crystalline structure and carbon’s low atomic weight. High performance carbon fiber is one such example, displaying exceptional strength-to-weight ratios, stiffness, and thermal and chemical resistance. These properties render high performance carbon fiber a critical structural reinforcement material in the manufacture of composites across various industries, such as for automotive and aerospace applications. However, balancing fiber performance with precursor and processing costs remains a challenge. As alternative carbonaceous feedstocks are explored, coal has gained interest for utilization in graphitic products as a relatively abundant and low-cost source of aromatic …

Elucidating The Impacts Of Non-Covalent Interactions In Organic Materials Through A Multiscale Computational Approach, Sashen A. Ruhunage

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Noncovalent interactions (NCIs) in π-conjugated organic materials serve as tunable levers that influence molecular structure and intermolecular interactions in the condensed phase and, in turn, impact the electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of these materials. NCIs include attractive dispersion, electrostatic, and induction interactions, as well as repulsive exchange interactions. However, how to design materials with NCI considerations remains an open question across many fields. Here, we seek to provide an electronic and atomistic perspective on these interactions through multiscale simulations to aid materials design, processing, and performance optimization. In this study, we investigate NCIs and their effects across various systems …

Student Familiarity With The Periodic Table Of The Elements: Results From Cued-Recall And Eye-Tracking Assessments On Memory, Victor A. Okuo

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Learning element symbol–name associations and the spatial organization of elements on the periodic table is a foundational step in learning chemistry, supporting later understanding of chemical formulas, equations, bonding, and stoichiometry. Although students often rely on memorization strategies to learn periodic table content, this task is challenging due to the large number of elements and the apparent ambiguity in matching some element symbols to their names.

This study explores students’ recall of element names when given element symbols as cues and their knowledge of element locations on the periodic table when given element names as cues. The study also examines …

Symbolic Logistic Regression For Interval-Valued Predictors: A Simulation Study And Application To Health Data, Soad Abdullah

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This thesis investigates symbolic logistic regression for interval-valued predictors through simulation studies and a real health data application. Classical logistic regression assumes exact predictor values, whereas in many practical settings variables are available only in interval form due to coarsening or reporting uncertainty. Two simulation studies examine the impact of interval uncertainty under asymmetric intervals and measurement error. Symbolic models based on midpoint and midpoint-plus-width representations are compared with the classical approach. Results show that midpoint modeling captures the general relationship but introduces bias under asymmetry, while incorporating width reduces this distortion. Under measurement error, classical logistic regression exhibits attenuation …

Facial Recognition And Social And Academic Outcomes Among College Students, Stephanie Lynn Chase

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Although facial recognition is a newer area of research, there is some evidence to suggest a deficit in facial recognition may be associated with poor social and academic outcomes (Dalrymple, Fletcher, et al., 2014; Diaz, 2008). There is also evidence to suggest potential behavioral overlap between poor facial recognition and ADHD (Diaz, 2008). Using a sample of 224 undergraduate students across multiple psychology classes, the current study expanded the literature in three ways. First, by finding the prevalence of individuals with facial recognition deficits among college students. Second by examining the association between facial recognition and social and academic outcomes …

Plant Practices And Community At The Heart Of Hopewell: Paleoethnobotany At The Overly Site And Beyond, Abigail Deewaard

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Paleoethnobotanical analyses of Ohio Hopewell habitation sites in past decades have shed light on the subsistence practices, settlement patterns, and environmental management of Indigenous peoples engaged in what archaeologists describe as the Hopewell phenomenon. However, comparatively less attention has been paid to the social dimensions of plant use, particularly at habitation sites in the Scioto Hopewell region. Hopewell is an archaeological term that refers to the Middle Woodland (ca. 100 BCE–400 CE) network of interregional relationships across eastern North America characterized by long-distance exchange, monumental earthwork construction, and ceremonial practices including the honoring of ancestors. This thesis applies a social …

New Methods For Bright Electron Beam Generation At The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility, Emily Frame

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Bright electron beams generated via photoinjectors have enabled many recent developments in accelerator technology, including x-ray free electron lasers and ultrafast electron microscopy and diffraction systems. The conceptual design, scientific reach, and accessibility of these and next-generation accelerator applications can be significantly improved by increasing electron beam brightness. Therefore, the development of novel methods to further enhance beam brightness remains a critical priority in the field.

One of the primary factors limiting beam brightness is the mean transverse energy (MTE) of photoemitted electrons. The MTE is an intrinsic property of the photocathode and is proportional to the square of the …

4d-Qens And Diffuse Scattering: Analysis Of Dynamics And Local Ordering In Superionic Conductors, Jared Coles

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Ionic conductors are increasingly central to electrochemical energy technologies because they enable charge transfer through the motion of mobile ions. Among them, superionic conductors are crystalline solids that exhibit exceptionally high ionic conductivities, making them promising candidates for safer and more sustainable next‑generation energy storage and conversion devices. Despite their technological importance, key gaps remain in our ability to connect macroscopic transport to microscopic structural disorder and correlated dynamics that enable fast‑ion motion. Neutron scattering provides a powerful set of tools for establishing these connections.

In total scattering experiments, Bragg diffraction measures the average crystallographic structure, while diffuse scattering probes …

Longitudinal Dechirping Of Electron Beams Using Negative Identity Drifts In A Transverse Deflecting Cavity-Based Chirper, Alex Desimone

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Electron beam chirping for bunch compression is commonly achieved through off-crest acceleration in radio-frequency accelerating cavities. While it is effective, this method reduces average beam energy and introduces nonlinearities in the beam's longitudinal phase space, which can degrade beam quality in applications such as X-ray free electron lasers. An alternative chirping scheme has been proposed, in which accelerating cavities operate on-crest while transverse deflecting cavities generate the required longitudinal chirp. However, the efficiency of this approach and its impact on beam quality have not been systematically investigated, and the previously proposed dechirping scheme for this system is experimentally impractical. This …

Application Of Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry For Screening Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Diksha Gautam

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) is a novel ambient ionization method that allows chemical and biological samples to be rapidly analyzed with little preparation being required. In this paper, PS-MS was set up and streamlined as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-monitoring platform in addition to screening an existing and newly produced AChE-inhibitors. The detection of the substrate, acetylcholine (m/z 146), and the AChE catalysis product, choline (m/z 104) was performed without applying chromatographic separation or derivatization to the dried paper substrates. Assay conditions were optimized in a systematic way, to develop a robust MS-compatible enzymatic workflow.

Calibration curves for both, acetylcholine and …

On Values Taken By Characters Of Finite Groups, Christopher William Herbig

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The characters of finite groups are a fundamental tool for analyzing the structure of finite groups and are interesting in their own right. In particular, we are concerned with how certain assumptions on the values taken by characters impact the structure of finite groups and vice versa. After establishing notation and stating some fundamental results in Chapter 2, this work begins with a presentation of results in relation to a conjecture of N. N. Hung and P. H. Tiep on fields generated by character values. In particular, we have found a large family of counterexamples to the conjecture by taking …

Bayesian Inference For A 12-Level Galton Board Using Terminal Bin Counts, Ace Frieders

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

A Galton board is a physical device in which a ball passes through a triangular array of pegs and is deflected left or right before landing in one of several bins. Under an idealized model, deflections are independent with probability 0.5 of moving right, implying a binomial distribution for the terminal bin location. Physical boards may deviate from this ideal due to asymmetries and other sources of bias. This thesis develops a Bayesian model for a 12-level Galton board in which each peg has its own right-move probability. Independent Beta priors are assigned to peg probabilities, and terminal bin counts …

Hallucination Detection In Scientific Writing: Quantification, Trend Analysis And Benchmarking, Adiba Ibnat Hossain

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The landscape of scientific communication has undergone a significant transformation with the emergence and widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs have enhanced productivity and creativity in scientific writing, raising serious questions about the faithfulness and reliability of the generated content. A common problem in LLMs is hallucination, which occurs when models generate fluent but inaccurate or inconsistent content. When hallucinations enter scientific writing, the intended meaning may be distorted, coherence disrupted, and the study’s overall integrity threatened.

This thesis investigates hallucinations in scientific writing from both an analytical and dataset-driven approach. First, it offers a comprehensive analysis of …

Simulation And Experiment Of Two-Bunch Wakefield Dynamics And Energy Recovery In Dielectric-Lined Thz Structures, Calcifer Phillips

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Beam-driven structure wakefield acceleration (SWFA) is a proposed method of particle acceleration that produces higher acceleration gradients. This technique could lead to the development of smaller and more efficient particle accelerators. In SWFA, a charged "drive" bunch passing through a dielectric or metallic structure created an electromagnetic "wake" field which can then be used to accelerate a following "witness" bunch. This work studies the effects of structure geometry on wake excitation, presents simulation results of wakefield dynamics in various geometries, and explores how SWFA could be used to achieve higher energy gradients. The use of a circular cross-section structure was …

High-Throughput Strip Clustering On Fpgas For The Hl-Lhc, Hayden Shaddix

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

With the advent of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), the demand for modern approaches to high-throughput data processing has increased substantially. The HL-LHC will deliver far higher collision rates (pile-up reaching ⟨μ⟩ ∼200), producing a dramatic rise in detector activity and placing significant pressure on real-time reconstruction algorithms. One strategy for meeting this challenge is to leverage commodity hardware such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and graphics processing units (GPUs), which can accelerate bandwidth-intensive portions of the reconstruction chain. In particular, FPGAs programmed through high-level synthesis (HLS) offer a promising balance between flexibility and performance, allowing physicists to design …

Beam Dynamics Of Non-Relativistic Proton Bunch Compression In Extreme Space Charge: Setting The Stage For Next Generation Intensity-Frontier Machines, Benjamin Simons

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Next-generation intensity-frontier particle accelerators, such as the proposed Muon Collider and Neutrino Factories, require proton drivers capable of delivering high-intensity, short-pulse bunches. Achieving the required peak currents demands aggressive longitudinal compression, a process fundamentally limited by the extreme repulsive space-charge forces inherent to high-intensity, tightly compressed bunches.

Through the development and use of the FAST/IOTA Bunch Rotation Experiment (FI- BRE) at Fermilab as a dedicated testbed, this dissertation establishes a comprehensive physical design and simulation framework to probe these fundamental intensity limits. By isolating the dynamics of a 2.5 MeV non-relativistic proton beam (β ≈ 0.073) circulating in the Integrable …

K–12 Teacher Intention To Use A Makerspace: An Analysis Using The Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology, Kevin W. Rutter

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the factors that relate to K–12 teachers' intention to use a makerspace for classroom instruction. It uses the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) as its theoretical framework. The research addresses gaps in the United States' achievement in STEM subjects and explores makerspaces as a potential instructional innovation that encourages student-centered, interdisciplinary, project-based learning. A quantitative, correlational case study design was employed to survey 120 staff members at a large urban high school in the Midwest with a dedicated makerspace. Survey items were adapted from the UTAUT model to assess three predictor variables: performance …

Development And Characterization Of Flat And Flexible Rebco Cables For High-Field Accelerator Magnets, Emily Romancew

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials are at the forefront of innovation for fundamental particle physics. The next generation of particle accelerators aims to explore higher mass particles and is dependent on the ability to achieve higher fields in the 20–30 T range to keep machine size within a practical footprint. Current magnet technology relies on low-temperature superconductors (LTS) such as NbTi and Nb₃Sn, which are limited to fields of approximately 8–16 T, while high-temperature superconductors (HTS), particularly Rare-Earth Barium Copper Oxide (REBCO), offer a promising pathway toward higher-field magnets due to their ability to carry large currents at elevated magnetic fields. …

A Transmission Electron Microscopy Study Of Structural Design And Modifications Of Li And Na – Ion Battery Cathodes For Performance Optimization, Maksim Andreyevich Sultanov

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The importance of Li ion batteries as an energy storage device cannot be understated. The industry around energy storage has been steadily growing over the last few decades and continues to grow. However, the design of these devices has run into a bottleneck as both academics and industry specialists try to achieve even higher performance parameters, as well as trying to supplement critical materials such as Co, Li and Ni while maintaining cost and energy density. In particular, energy density, capacity retention, thermal and mechanical stability have become very important to improve. These critical parameters within the device are dominated …

An Integrated Pull System Framework For Disassembly Industries: Bridging The Supply-Demand Mismatch In Duck Meat Processing, Hongchao Yu

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Disassembly-based production systems, such as duck meat processing, face inherent operational challenges due to one-to-many production structures, short product shelf life, and volatile customer demand. A single carcass must be processed into multiple products at largely fixed biological ratios, while demand varies across products and over time. This supply-demand mismatch frequently leads to simultaneous surplus and shortage, resulting in unstable shipment schedules, excess inventory, and unavoidable waste. Traditional order-driven pull systems typically respond to orders independently and are limited in their ability to coordinate these interrelated effects.

This dissertation develops an integrated pull system framework for perishable disassembly processes, using …

Instruction Vs. Infrastructure: Asymmetric Returns In U.S. Higher Education, Shaibu Yahaya

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Despite massive increases in funding, U.S. higher education degree output has stagnated—a paradox often attributed to external cost pressures like Baumol’s cost disease. This paper tests an alternative hypothesis: that internal resource misallocation, specifically the accumulation of noninstructional liabilities, actively crowds out educational productivity. Using a panel of 26,603 institution-year observations, I estimate the university production function via a fixed-effects Poisson specification, adjusting all financial inputs using the Higher Education Price Index. The results expose a stark asymmetry in productive returns: a 10% increase in instructional spending drives a 1.76% increase in degree production (β = 0.176). In contrast, the …

Dynamic Aperture Maximization Methods, Kevin J. Hamilton

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Particle accelerators consist of some of the most prolific machines for achieving a long-standing history of successful experiments that have progressed fields such as particle physics, nuclear physics, solid state physics, and medical physics. In recent years, multiple studies have been conducted on how further progress in these fields can be made and the beams physics community has concluded that developing new accelerators to minimize the loss of particles, induce high intensity beams, and remain stable under perturbations is essential to the continued success of physics research. Each of these qualities correspond to finding methods to increase the so-called dynamic …

“To Hell With Words, [Say] Something!”: An Expressivist Manifesto For The Revival Of Authentic Voice Amid Robocolonial Echoes Of Llms In Composition Studies, Dani Rose Fitch

Masters Theses

This article explores the intersection of composition pedagogy and generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), arguing that large language models (LLMs) impose a robocolonial standardization of language. By mass-producing algorithmically predictable text based on Standard American English (SAE), LLMs threaten the tenets of Students’ Right to Their Own Language (SRTOL) and drown out diverse linguistic identities. The author distinguishes between the embodied, intentional discovery of meaning in human intelligence and the voiceless echo of formulaic LLM generation.

Applying Baudrillard’s theory of simulation, the author positions GenAI-produced texts as pure simulacra—copies that have lost all connection to a human referent. By synthesizing Baudrillard’s …

Replication Of The Construct Validity Of The Cas2: Rating Scale, Isabelle Joann Kurowski

Masters Theses

Naglieri et al. (2014) created the Cognitive Assessment System Second Edition: Rating Scale (CAS2: Rating Scale) to assess cognitive functioning of children based on teacher observations for use in Tier I screening purposes. The current study is a replication of Graham (2025) study that assessed the construct validity of the CAS2: Rating Scale by comparing it to the Learning Behaviors Scale (LBS). Based on prior findings from Canivez and Gaboury (2016), this study hypothesized that the Attention and Planning subscales of the CAS2: Rating Scale would be most closely related to the Attention/Persistence and Strategy/Flexibility subscales of the LBS, respectively. …

Rntuple For Atlas Analysis Workflow, Fatima Ariana Rodriguez

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

RNTuple is the new data storage format set to replace TTree at the start of the High-Luminosity LHC. An investigation was conducted to evaluate how analysis workflows for ATLAS researchers will change with RNTuple, using reading speed, writing speed, disk space, and memory consumption as metrics. In this study, all metrics were measured using converted RNTuple inputs from ATLAS Open Data, compared to their TTree equivalents. Additionally, RNTuples produced with the LZ4 compression algorithm were generated and compared with those produced using ZSTD. Finally, two new versions of the Analysis Grand Challenge (AGC) using ATLAS Open Data were completed for …

The Effects Of Problem-Based Learning On Mathematical Creativity And Self-Efficacy Of High School Students, Margaret Remus

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Mathematical creativity is recognized as an important component of mathematics education; however, there is limited understanding of how instructional approaches can effectively support this skill among high school students, particularly through problem-based learning (PBL). This study examined the effects of problem-based learning on mathematical creativity among high school students.

This study employed a mixed-methods approach using an alternating treatment design with two groups of participants. Group 1 received the PBL intervention followed by a control condition, while Group 2 received the control condition followed by the PBL intervention. Quantitative data were collected through a mathematical creativity test measuring flexibility, fluency, …

Evaluating Planting Methods For Native Seed Production And Exploring Granivory In The Northern Great Plains, Allison Dollen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Temperate grasslands have faced immense losses due to land use change in the last 150 years and less than half of the overall grasslands that once covered North America remain today. A portion of historic and remaining U.S. grasslands are located within the northern Great Plains (NGP) region which is home to over 1,600 species of native plants and provides many ecosystem services and economic benefits. Initiatives to restore grasslands and their ecosystem services are currently underway, but barriers such as limited native seed supply and granivory hinder restoration efforts. My first chapter addresses knowledge gaps in planting methods for …

Quantum Mechanics As A Framework For Data Assimilation And Its Application To Atmospheric Parameterization, David Freeman

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Quantum mechanics, as a mathematical system, can be understood as a generalization of classical probability theory. Quantum Mechanical Data Assimilation (QMDA) is a method in which classical dynamical systems are embedded into a quantum mechanical setting, with an associated data assimilation scheme leveraging the operator algebraic setting. In this dissertation, the algebraic structure underlying the operator theoretic formulation of QMDA is discussed. A procedure for closure of dynamical systems based on QMDA, known as Quantum Mechanical Closure (QMCl), is then constructed, and the procedures for constructing the quantum embeddings and implementing QMCl in practice are laid out and implemented for …

Exploring The Academic Trajectories Of Transfer Students Enrolled In An Introduction To Proof Course And Their Self-Efficacy For Proving, Sundas Hussain

Mathematics Dissertations

Transfer students entering proof-based mathematics courses face a double transition: they are adjusting to a new institution while simultaneously learning to construct mathematical proofs. Although transfer students have been widely studied in higher education and self-efficacy for proving has received increasing attention in mathematics education, little research has examined the intersection of these two areas. The purpose of this study was to better understand how transfer students’ academic trajectories shape their self-efficacy for proving. This multiple case study examined twelve transfer students enrolled in an Introduction to Proofs (ITP) course, using Bandura's (1997) four sources of self-efficacy as the …