Digital Commons Network^™

H-Infinity Based Full State Feedback Controller Design For Human Swing Leg, Hazem Ali, Azhar Abdulridha

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, the robustness properties of H-infinity control to produce a dynamic output feedback controller is applied to a human swing leg system. The double pendulum structure is usually used to model this system. The pendulum links will represent the thigh and shank of a human leg. The upper body will be connected to the thigh and then the shank via hip and knee joints. The muscles of thigh and shank are moved by applied two external (servomotor) torques at the hip and knee joints. The mathematical model of the system is developed. The results show that the proposed …

Optimal Reconfiguration And Distributed Generation Placement In Baghdad Distribution Sector, Inaam Ibrahim Ali, Omar Saeed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The power losses in distribution system are high, which form 70 – 80% of total transmission and distribution losses. High losses have severe impact on stability, reliability as well as economy. Therefore, minimization of these losses is very necessary. In this paper proposed various schemes to reduce the active power losses in distribution network, given as:- Optimum reconfiguration network,- Optimum Distributed Generation (DG) placement and- Optimum reconfiguration with optimum (DG) placement.Using Cymdist software to implement the optimal reconfiguration algorithm and proposed Genetic Algorithm (GA) to find the size and location, which programmed under MATLAB software package. Whereon the proposed methodology …

Studying Of Buckling Behavior On Composite Material, Manal Jasem, Awatif Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper the buckling behavior of composite specimen manufactured from polyester reinforced with fiberglass, jute fiber and eggshell powder were studied. Several samples with rectangular cross section area of (1.5*19) mm are prepared with length of (400, 500, and600) mm and with addition weight ratio of (5%) of different material for reinforcement, used for tensile and buckling test. Different types of natural and synthetic materials (matrix and random glass fibers (are used first without any addition then with adding (5% SiC or 5% Eggshell powder or 5%����2��3) to the matrix, and Jute fibers. The critical load for its best …

Reliability Evaluation Of Al_Mansour 11kv Distribution Network In Baghdad City, Thamir Abdul-Wahhab, Riyadh Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Reliability is a key aspect of power system design and planning. This work aims to evaluate and improve the reliability of a power distribution network in Baghdad city. The minimal cut set method has been adopted for reliability evaluation. Evaluating the reliability requires calculating and evaluating a set of reliability indices. In this research, the reliability indices are calculated for Al_Mansour 11kV distribution network in Baghdad city. According to these indices several improvements have been proposed and simulated on the network as follows: Adding N/C manually switches in the network for isolating fault area and restoring the service to the …

Investigation The Effect Of Nano–Particles And Recycling Mortar Additives On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Concrete, Alaa Abdul-Hamead, Farhad Othman, Raeid Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper a lower ratio of nano powder were used from (Al2O3 and ZrO2) (0.5, 1.5and 2. 5 wt %) from cement weight, the average particle size of nano-powder were (20nm). These powders were used in fabrication of Concrete with recycle fine aggregate was replaced Natural fine aggregate(sand) in order to be used in construction application and studies the effect on the concrete. Investigation were done on the concrete including dry density, water absorption%, porosity%, compression strength, and wear rate. The results shows that The nano-Al2O3, nano-ZrO2, and recycle aggregate were adding causes difference effect in the physical and …

Tuning Of A Pid Controller By Bacterial Foraging Algorithm For Position Control Of Dc Servo Motor, Manal Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Controlling the position of Direct Current servo motor is the first aim of this paper, by Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA), the best Proportional – Integral - Derivative (PID) controller parameters were obtained through Mat-Lab application, including the simulation and modeling of Direct Current servo motor, BFA controller and conventional PID Controller as benchmark to the performance of BFA. Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller is a closed loop system, the error made by the Direct Current motor was corrected and determine the correct position to the desired point were controlled By integrating the Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller. Kp, …

Investigate Wedm Process Parameters On Wire Wear Ratio, Material Removal Rate And Surface Roughness Of Steel 1012 Aisi, Saad Shather, Mohammed Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work is focused on some affecting parameters in Wire electrical discharge machining process for AISI 1012 steel by using brass wire and zinc coated brass wire with 0.25mm diameter. Pulse on time, pulse off time, spark gap voltage and servo feed had been studied as input parameters while wire wear ratio, metal removal rate and surface roughness were the outputs. The experiments showed that increasing pulse on time would increase wire wear ratio, metal removal rate and surface roughness. While, increasing pulse off time, spark gap voltage and servo feed will cause a little increase in wire wear ratio, …

Study The Effect Of Traditional Iraqi Stabilizers (Cement And Lime) On Some Properties Of Iraqi Clay Soils, Husam Baqir, Aqeel Al-Adili, Ali Shareef

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study provides practical results in the use of the composite from sulfate resistance Portland cement (PC) and Quicklime (LQ) to improve and stabilize of soils in Al - Zaafaraniya site in Baghdad governorate and the Garma Ali site in Al Basra governorate, Iraq. PC and LQ were added in percentages of 2,4,6,8 and 10% and 2 and 4%, by dry weight, respectively. Laboratory tests to determine Atterberg,s limits, standard proctor test, USC test and UUU test (unconsolidation, undrained and unsaturated) were conducted. The results achieved a significant improvement in workability, unconfined compressive strength and shear strength. The results of …

Using Rsm Technique For Modeling And Optimization The Influence Of Cutting Parameters On Tool Wear And Cutting Forces In Turning Operation, Shaker Hassan, Samir Amin, Asaad Dabish

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of cutting parameters on the cutting force and tool wear during turning of AISI 304 steel using tungsten carbide tool (WC). The first aim of present work was to employ the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique to obtain the influence of input machining parameters, such as cutting feed, cutting speed and cutting depth on the cutting force and wear of tool. Experiments were carried out in a 20 runs experimental matrix by a CNC machine according to the design matrices established by Design of Experiment (DOE) software 'version 8' with RSM …

Hydraulic Parameters Of Groundwater Aquifers In Khan-Al-Baghdadi Area, Hussein Al-Sudani

Engineering and Technology Journal

The mainly objective of groundwater studies is assessment the physicalcharacterizations of water-bearing layers. Conducting and analyzing aquifertests is one of the most efficient ways to assessment these characterizations. Theaim of this research is to carry out hydrogeological investigation in Khan Al-Baghdadi area within Anbar Governorate in the west of Iraq to evaluatehydraulic properties of the most important groundwater aquifers in order toachieve optimum use of groundwater in term of sustainable water management byusing Cooper-Jacob and Theis Recovery Test methods to calculate transmissivityand storage coefficient after field investigation of aquifers extended in the areawhere geographical position, elevations, static water levels, depths, …

The Approximate Solution Of The Fornberg-Whitham Equation By A Semi-Analytical Iterative Technique, Sinan Abd Almjeed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, two semi-analytical methods are introduced inorder to handle the solution of the Fornberg-Whitham equation. Thefirst one method has been proposed by Temimi and Ansari, namely theTAM. The second method is the Banach contraction method which isbriefly called the BCM. Both methods do not require using anyadditional assumptions. Our calculations are distinguished by anefficiency and rapidity of obtaining the results, in comparison with theprevious studies for solving the same problem.

New Strategies For Associative Memories, Azad Kareem, Saja Talib

Engineering and Technology Journal

Associative memory is a neural network used to save collection of input and output data at its layers. Each output data is produced coincide with a given input. It can be useful as an artificial memory in many applications like (military, medical, data security systems, error detection and correction systems …etc.). There are two matters which limit the uses of associative memory; the limited storage capacity, and the error occurred in the reading of output data. A modified strategy is suggested to overcome these limitations by introducing a new algorithm to the design of the associative memory. This method provides …

Robust Visual Lips Feature Extraction Method For Improved Visual Speech Recognition System, Mahmuod Mahmmed, Thamir Saeed, Wissam Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, automatic lips reading ALR acquired a significant interest among many researchers due to its adoption in many applications. One such application is in speech recognition system in noisy environment, where visual cue that contain some integral information added to the audio signal, as well as the way that person merges audio-visual stimulus to identify utterance. The unsolved part of this problem is the utterance classification using only the visual cues without the availability of acoustic signal of the talker's speech. By taking into considerations a set of frames from recorded video for a person uttering a word; a robust …

Optimization Of Economic And Environmental Perspectives For Sustainable Product Design And Manufacturing, Luma Al-Kindi, Hala Al_Zuheri

Engineering and Technology Journal

Growing environmental concerns, coupled with public pressure and stricter regulations, are fundamentally impacting the way companies design and launch new products across markets. Companies are recognizing that implementing design and manufacturing for the environment in their product development process, provides opportunities for both improving the environmental aspects of a product and for enhancing the product competitiveness. Therefore, considering concurrently economic and environmental perspectives for decision-making during early stages of design and manufacturing are considered crucial to the product design process. In this paper, taking into account these perspectives, a framework in design and manufacturing of a new product is presented, …

Generalized Dependent Elements Of Generalized Reverse Derivation On Semiprime Rings, Shaimaa Yass

Engineering and Technology Journal

Let R be an associative ring, and Š:RR be a map, if there existsan element eR such that Š(u)e= [u,e]e, for every uR, in this case e is calledGeneralized Dependent Element of Š, and Ğ-D(Š) denote the set of allGeneralized Dependent Elements of Š. In this paper the result proved, let R besemiprime ring, and F : RR is a generalized reverse derivation, related withderivation d, then eĞ-D(F), iff, eZ(R) and eF(u) =0 for every uR.

Composition Design Modeling And Experimental Verification Of (Co Ni Al) Shape Memory Alloys, M.N. Arbilei

Engineering and Technology Journal

The most important concepts to apply a shape memory alloy in manyindustrial applications is the composition design that controls thetransformation temperatures. In this paper, two mathematical models werecreated to predict the transformation temperatures for poly-crystalline (Co-Ni-Al) alloys. The data that was depend on to find the relation between chemicalcomposition and transformation temperatures were concluded from previouswork and approved by preparing samples in investigation practically. Fourdifferent alloys were prepared to verify this relation. It was indicated that thebest criteria that present the chemical composition is the (e/a) and make thealloy applicable for different applications. These suggested chemicalcompounds could be controlled and …

Design And Simulation Of Six-Band Triplexer Filter For Wlan Systems, A.S. Ezzulddin, S.K. Khaleel

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents microstrip triplexer with 6 bands frequency responses. The design of triplexer uses 6 cross coupled resonators based on step impedance resonator. Each one of these resonators has short or open-ended section that initiates dual-band response with a large rejection band. The presented device has 3 two-pole dual band filter channels that are joint with regular T-shaped feeders. This triplexer has miniature area in term of

H-Infinity Model Reference Controller Design For Magnetic Levitation System, H.I. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, a new robust approach based on combining the model reference control with H-infinity technique is proposed. The goal of the proposed controller is to obtain an adequate transient response which may not be obtained when only H-infinity technique is used. This is done by adding the model reference block to the standard H-infinity feedback configuration. Then the overall block diagram is formulated by linear fractional transformation (LFT). The Magnetic Levitation which is a highly nonlinear, open loop unstable and uncertain system is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The results show that the proposed …

Accuracy Assessment Of World View-2 Satellite Imagery For Planimetric Maps Production, A.Z. Khalaf, I.A.K. Alwan, T.A. Kadhum

Engineering and Technology Journal

A planimetric map of scale 1:10,000 meets the requirements of a large segment of user’s maps for instance urban city planners and various GIS implementations. Nowadays, a very high-resolution satellite images, such as World View02 (WV02) with spatial resolution of 0.5 m, are very important to produce planimetric maps or update existing ones. Main aim of this research is the assessment of WV02 image for production of the planimetric photomap of scale 1:10,000 with class 1 according to ASPRS standards (ASPRS give accuracy tolerances for map scales at 1:20,000 or larger, this accuracy reported as Class 1, 2, or 3). …

Scrolling, Following, Deciding: The Hidden Power Of Digital Influence On Wise Financial Decision, Nur Fatihah Muhamad Irwan, Wan Rasyidah Wan Nawang

International Journal of Management, Finance and Accounting

The effect of social media and digital influencers on financial behaviours has been well documented, but there is yet any solid evidence of their role in driving wise financial decision-making among Malaysians in particular. This study hence sets out to examine the impact of social media engagement and parasocial interaction in shaping financial attitudes, and the influence of financial attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the intention to practice wise financial decision-making. The mediating role of financial attitude was also studied, specifically in the link between social media engagement, parasocial interaction, and intention. A total of 250 Malaysian …

"Why Do Students Save Less?” A Study Of The Determinants Of Saving Intentions And Behaviours Among Undergraduate Students, Rna Hamza Ahmed Eissa, Chi Hau Tan, Ben Hou

International Journal of Management, Finance and Accounting

Despite the issue of low savings being a serious concern, limited research has been conducted on students’ saving behaviour in Malaysia, especially when it comes to private universities. This research focuses on examining factors that affect saving behaviour among undergraduate students at a private university in Malaysia, in reference to the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A mixed-method design was applied. Quantitative research was conducted, in which 122 valid responses were collected via an online survey and analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). In addition, qualitative research with 11 respondents was conducted, and the data were analysed using …

Does Realised Range Volatility Improve Multivariate Volatility Forecasting? Evidence From Bursa Malaysia Sectors, Mariam Mohamed Abdelwahab Mohamed Badawi, Sew Lai Ng, Ruzanna Ab Razak, Shaikh Fazlur Rahman

International Journal of Management, Finance and Accounting

This study examines whether realised range volatility improves multivariate volatility forecasting performance in an emerging equity market setting. A comparison between vector heterogeneous autoregressive models constructed with realised volatility, realised range volatility, and conventional return-based volatility measures is conducted using sectoral data from the Bursa Malaysia. High-frequency data from September 2018 to December 2024 were collected from the financial data provider Bloomberg. The analysis evaluates out-of-sample forecasting accuracy using a set of 5 loss functions, including symmetric (MSE and MAE) and asymmetric (QLIKE) criteria. The outcomes provide compelling and strong evidence that realised range volatility measures deliver superior forecasting performance …

Can Ai-Generated Music Interventions Improve Health Outcomes? A Systematic Review, Nguyen Thi Khanh, Huu-Thanh Nguyen, Vi Do Pham Nhat, Carmen Wing Han Chan

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Music interventions are effective for physical, psychological, cognitive and social well-being [1-3]. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can generate personalised therapeutic music instantly, creating a novel, accessible intervention. However, the effectiveness of these AI-generated interventions has not been systematically reviewed [4, 5]. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of AI-generated music interventions for improving health outcomes.

A systematic search was conducted across eight electronic databases (Cochrane, Medline, APA PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library) from inception to September 2025. After screening, eight studies (N=1,267 participants) met the inclusion criteria, comprising four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) …

One Size Does Not Fit All: Revisiting World Models And Neurosymbolic Ai, Amit P. Sheth, Madhur Thareja, Anushka Pawar, Niyati Rawal

Publications

World models are being built twice, from opposite ends, without a shared theory of how the two halves should meet. One lineage grounds the world model in perception: a self-supervised, latent-predictive encoder – exemplified by Joint Embedding Predictive Architectures (JEPA) – that learns the structure of sensory experi-ence. A second, older lineage grounds the world model in cognition: an explicit, inspectable structure of entities, rules, and constraints, ranging from knowledge graphs to formal logic to physical law. Neither lineage alone has produced a world model that is simultane-ously adaptive and auditable. We argue this is not solved by picking a …

Dividend Yield Modelling And Forecasting Under The Wilkie Investment Model With Inflation Effects: Evidence From Malaysia, Ilya Adlina Abd Halim, Norizarina Ishak, Siti Raihana Hamzah, Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Rasedee

International Journal of Management, Finance and Accounting

This study uses the Wilkie Investment Model in the context of the Malaysian stock exchange, incorporating inflation as a significant factor in explaining investment behavior in line with local economic conditions. Although the Wilkie model is broadly utilised in actuarial science and has been assessed in many developed countries, its use in emerging markets such as Malaysia is still limited. Based on historical data from Malaysia, both the dividend yield and inflation series were revealed to be stationary using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. Therefore, the series is applicable for time series analysis. The study used Malaysian data to estimate …

Enhanced Osseointegration Of Functionally Graded Co˗Cr˗Mo˗Ti/Ha Implants: In Vitro And In Vivo Study In A Rabbit Model, Afrah M. Al Hussainey, Randa Kamel Hussain, Aseel Mustafa Abdul Majeed

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

    The present investigation aims to evaluate the effects of acid and laser surface treatments on the surface characteristics, biocompatibility, and osseointegration of functionally graded implants fabricated from a Co–Cr–Mo–Ti/HA alloy. The implant surfaces were modified using either an Nd: YAG laser or hydrochloric acid (HCl), while untreated implants served as controls. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the acid-treated surface exhibited the highest mean surface roughness (Sa) of 58.10 ± 0.24 nm compared to the laser-treated surface (42.64 ± 0.83 nm) and the untreated surface (37.73 ± 0.89 nm). The MTT assay also demonstrated a favourable cellular response on the …

Geopoetics: Expanding The Philosophy Of Teacher Education, Linda M. Craig Dr

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education

Amidst our accelerating ecological crisis, this essay argues for a fundamental reimagining of teacher education through Kenneth White's theory of geopoetics. Drawing on complexity science and Whitehead's process philosophy, I trace a paradigm shift from mechanistic models of education - characterised by fixed knowledge transmission and neoliberal performativity - toward a relational, orientation grounded in emergence and becoming. Geopoetics offers a transdisciplinary framework that dissolves boundaries between science, poetry, philosophy, and spirituality, positioning education not as content delivery but as participation in the creative unfolding of life. Through an exploration of Nan Shepherd's The Living Mountain as geopoetic spiritual practice. …

In The Problem Lies The Solution: How Digital Mindfulness Can Address The College Students’ Mental Health Crisis And Support Holistic Education, Steve Haberlin

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education

The mental health of today’s college students remains a serious concern. The alarming trend of greater psychological distress among undergraduates shows no signs of slowing. Excessive smartphone usage, screen time, and social media have been attributed as partial factors. However, what if forms of digital mindfulness and technology-assisted contemplative practices are the key to assisting students with stress, anxiety, depression and other problems? In this article, the author posits that innovations, such as neurofeedback-loop meditation platforms that dramatically increase focus, virtual reality platforms featuring in depth-meditation instruction, and Artificial Intelligence have the potential to address the crisis, establishing a refreshed …

The Calculus Of Difference: Pluralism And Integration Through Education In India, Deepa Srikantaiah

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education

This paper introduces a calculus-based conceptual framework to examine how India sustains pluralistic integration across its extraordinary religious, linguistic, and cultural diversity. Drawing on mathematical principles of integration, continuity, and the Infinity Principle, the analysis demonstrates how social cohesion emerges from sustained attention to the infinitesimal: the localized communities, languages, and practices that constitute India's complex social fabric. The framework positions education as the primary integrative mechanism, functioning analogously to the mathematical process of integration by decomposing social complexity into comprehensible parts and reassembling them into collective understanding.

Through historical analysis spanning from the Indus Valley Civilization to contemporary India, …

Ancient Wisdom & Its Cultural Relevance: Reimagining Deeper Learning In Science Classrooms Through The Lens Of Yoga And Vedānta, Raaghav Pandya

Journal of Contemplative and Holistic Education

Contemporary calls to reconceptualize how science is taught and understood have brought deeper learning to the forefront of education at-large for its emphasis on critical perspectives, creativity, and student-centered inquiry. Yet this paper argues that its prevailing framework remains constrained by Cartesian dualism, a materialist foundation that disassociates the individual from self, other, and nature, and falls short of addressing the mental health, environmental, and cultural challenges facing youth today. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a complementary convergence between deeper learning and the contemplative traditions of Yoga and Vedānta, whose ancient paradigms of self-inquiry, interconnectedness, and well-being offer …