Digital Commons Network^™

Corporeal Property And The Limits Of Nagpra, M. Alexander Pearl

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

“Flexing” And The Luxury Lifestyle: A Critique Of The “False Solidarity” Of Female Officials And Public Figures In Contemporary Indonesian Media, Wening Udasmoro, Leo Marai

The Indonesian Journal of Socio-Legal Studies

This study aims to explore the practice of “flexing” and the luxury lifestyle as represented in the media both through the self-representation of female public figures on their social media accounts and through coverage by mainstream outlets. These figures include actresses, entertainers, and other widely recognized social personalities. The research is urgent given that the public display of wealth and opulence disseminated through the media generates a domino effect within society, particularly in shaping consumption patterns and fueling an increasingly pervasive culture of consumerism in Indonesia. The proliferation of consumerist culture both reflects and exacerbates social inequality in Indonesia, where …

Interpersonal Capacity For Trustworthiness: A Reflective Framework For Navigating Entrustment, Roberto Angelo Moreira Vale

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This dissertation advances understanding of how trust shapes salient cross-cultural encounters, drawing on a constructivist grounded theory analysis of 220 interview accounts. Across these narratives, trust-related dynamics consistently appeared alongside 16 other contextual, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors. Notably, these dynamics were identified in interviews with participants from all GLOBE cultural clusters, suggesting a degree of cross-cultural breadth that warrants further empirical testing. Together, these patterns indicate that it is not cultural difference alone that makes an encounter meaningful, but how individuals interpret and respond to the possibility or risk of entrusting and being entrusted. Salience emerged at moments when participants …

Youth Attitudes And Perceptions Regarding Police, Courts, And Political Engagement: A Texas Study, Marika Dawkins-Cavazos, Camille Gibson, Yudu Li

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Youth are often perceived as disengaged from civic and political processes, yet their potential to influence elections is receiving increasing attention. This study examined how differences in race, ethnicity, sex, and age shape youth civic engagement, particularly their willingness to vote in the 2024 presidential election. Through surveys of college students in the diverse southern region of the United States, the research explored the relationship between perceptions of law enforcement, trust in the justice system, and civic participation. Specifically, it hypothesized that Black and Hispanic youth would report lower trust in law enforcement, which may influence their willingness to engage …

Ai Recipe Blog Is Evaluated Similarly To A Recipe Blog Created By Nutrition And Dietetic Students, Katie N. Kraus, Stacy L. Bevan, Sarah Moore Smith, Maeci H. Armstrong, Brooke Campbell Jeppesen, Catherine Fish, Heidi J. Wengreen

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

With the growing use of AI, it is important to know target audiences’ perceptions of its use. A convenience sample of students were invited to take an online survey in which they were randomly assigned to Group 1 (evaluated a student-generated blog; n = 456) or Group 2 (evaluated an AI-generated blog; n = 492). The results of independent t-tests and chi-squared tests indicated no group differences in ratings of ease of recipe preparation, time to prepare the recipe, utilization of common ingredients, and frequency of intended use of the blog. The student-generated blog was rated higher on budget …

Evaluating Interactions Between National And Subnational Governments In The Czech Republic For Physical Activity Policy Development And Implementation, Michael Pratt, Juliana Mejía-Grueso, Eugen Resendiz, Aleš Jakubec, Zdeněk Hamřík, Deborah Salvo, Andrea Ramírez Varela, Josef Mitáš

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Most countries now have physical activity (PA) policies but translating them into action at national and subnational levels remains poor. To better understand the disconnect, the "Interaction between National and Local Government Levels in Development and Implementation of Physical Activity Policies Tool" (INTEGRATE-PA-Pol) was developed by the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!).

Methods: The Czech Republic was chosen as a European pilot site based on existing research capacity and relationships. The INTEGRATE-PA-Pol tool was translated and adapted for use in the country. This questionnaire-based tool has 8 components assessing government levels, political system, and sectors across the 5 …

Theory Of Mind Across Cultures: Psychological Implications, Lewis Hancock, Simon Dein

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to a set of social and cognitive abilities that we use to infer and understand other people’s mental states. This paper begins by outlining ToM, its component skills, and what research methods have been used to measure it. It then summarises research on how culture and other social factors such as language, parenting, and socio-economic status can impact its development, in particular differences in age of mastery of various aspects of ToM. Mental disorders characterised by deficits in ToM – in particular ASD – are also discussed and used to elucidate its nature and development. …

Visual Ecologies And Language In Digital Environments: Narratives From First-Year Composition Students In Multimodal Learning, Elizabeth Escobedo Salazar

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The expansion of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) developed new perceptions of learning, communication processes, shaped university students' new practices and has brought about significant changes in social dynamics. Images and visual language have become central to the way humans communicate, communication processes have changed, and the composition and creation of arguments have changes. In this context, the use of multiple screens (Multiscreens) has led to multitasking, but additionally in digital contexts where students are hyper-connected. They do their homework while on social media, texting, creating videos, using a new app, or watching a movie on YouTube or Netflix. This …

Agility Evaluation On The Small Value Item Procurement Process Of The Department Of Education Division Of Davao Del Sur, Philippines, Save Mart E. Mondejar, Haerold Dean Z. Layaoen, Gabriel John L. De Leon, Julius Angelo D.J. Galang

Journal Article

Public procurement in the Philippines is primarily guided by Republic Act 9184 or the Government Procurement Act. In the Department of Education Division of Davao del Sur (DepEd Davao del Sur), procurement can be classified under big and small value item procurement. However, small value item procurement (SVP) projects in DepEd Davao del Sur experienced persistent delays in 2021 and 2022. In addition, gaps in the documentation and archiving system constrained the availability of reliable procurement data. To address this, the fuzzy agility evaluation method (FAEM) was utilized within a limited timeframe to determine the level of procurement agility and …

Ceo-Board Political Alignment And Firm Performance: An Examination Of Declines From Homogeneity That Are Mitigated By Ceo Psychological Traits, James Grabowski, Christina Robichaud, David B. Wangrow

Management Faculty Research and Publications

As people group themselves by their political ideologies, ideological alignment is likely to occur in workgroups—including boards of directors. While some research highlights positive outcomes from shared group characteristics, homogeneity can also hinder decision-making due to fewer perspectives being considered, limited sharing of non-conforming information, and narrowed problem solving. Building from prior research, we contend that substantial political alignment between a CEO and board members aligns them toward a common cognition, which fosters negative effects associated with homogeneity and subsequently reduces firm performance. We further contend that these performance reductions can be mitigated by psychological traits associated with managerial discretion. …

Scaling Up Biomedical Vision-Language Models: Fine-Tuning, Instruction Tuning, And Multi-Modal Learning, Cheng Peng, Kai Zhang, Mengxian Lyu, Hongfang Liu, Lichao Sun, Yonghui Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To advance biomedical vision language model capabilities through scaling up, fine-tuning, and instruction tuning, develop vision-language models with improved performance in handling long text, explore strategies to efficiently adopt vision language models for diverse multi-modal biomedical tasks, and examine the zero-shot learning performance.

Methods: We developed two biomedical vision language models, BiomedGPT-Large and BiomedGPT-XLarge, based on an encoder-decoder-based transformer architecture. We fine-tuned the two models on 23 benchmark datasets from 6 multi-modal biomedical tasks, including one image-only task (image classification), three language-only tasks (text understanding, text summarization, and question answering), and two vision-language tasks (visual question answering and image …

How Behavioral Science Can Improve The Return On Ai Investments, David De Cremer, Shane Schweitzer, Jack Mcguire, Devesh Narayanan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Many AI projects fail because leaders treat adoption as a tech purchase instead of a behavioral change problem. People resist tools that disrupt routines, overreact to visible AI errors, and prefer familiar human judgment. As a result, even good systems fail to gain purchase. Leaders can address this problem by applying “Behavioral Human-Centered AI” across the AI adoption cycle. In the design phrase, companies should co-design with diverse users, add purposeful friction where it improves scrutiny, require beta tests with subgroup results and behavioral input. During adoption, they should frame AI as an augmenter, disclose limits and safeguards, use explainability …

Possibilities Of Digitizing And Applying Artificial Intelligence To National Occupational Classification (Noc-2025) In Uzbekistan, Shohrux Nurali O‘G‘Li Narzullayev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article examines the process of digitizing National Occupational Classification (NOC-2025) in Uzbekistan, developed on the basis of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08), and the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence technologies to it. Although this classification exists today in a national form, and its digitization and the introduction of artificial intelligence elements to it based on modern technologies remain a pressing issue. In order to digitize the classification, international systems such as the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08, ILO), European Skills, Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO), Occupational Information Network (O*NET, USA) and National Occupational Classification (NOC, Canada) …

Smart Learning In An Ai-Driven World, Joseph Rene Corbeil, Maria Elena Corbeil

Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications

SMART learning is an approach that combines sustainability, motivation, adaptability, results-oriented practices, and technology enablement. AI-driven SMART learning prioritizes flexibility, cost-efficiency, and knowledge retention, equipping teachers and students with the tools to adapt to an ever-evolving world. By envisioning AI's role in fostering SMART learning attributes, we pave the way for a future where technology and education intertwine to empower learners and redefine teaching practices.

Love, Community, Errantry: Relational Approaches Toward Mathematical Mistakes, Melissa Adams Corral, Romina S. Peña-Pincheira, José Martínez Hinestroza

Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications

In this article we explore ways of approaching what educators and researchers perceive as mistakes that are consistent with views of mathematics that tolerate ambiguity, contradiction, and multiple possible truths. The approaches we describe draw on works within and beyond the field of mathematics education and detail theories from biologist Humberto Maturana, community organizers Bob Moses and Ella Baker, and poet-philosopher Edouard Glissant. These alternative theoretical perspectives are distinctly relational in their approach. They can build on the field’s current conceptualizations of pedagogical responses to errors in ways that attend to calls for broadening what it means to do mathematics …

Innovations In Thrombectomy Training: A Systematic Review And Expert Recommendations From The Society Of Vascular And Interventional Neurology-Mission Thrombectomy Initiative, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Mohamed Elfil, Abdallah Abbas, Haneen Sabet, Hazem S Ghaith, Ariel Sacknovitz, Ankita Jain, Victor Urrutia, Nabeel Herial, Gabor Toth, Mohamad El-Ghanem, Krishna Amuluru, Viktor C Szeder, Jonathan Crowe, Karol Budohoski, Zurab Nadareishvili, Kaustubh Limaye, Fazeel Siddiqui, Boris Pabon, Ossama Yassin Mansour, Atilla Ozcan Ozdemir, Houman Khosravani, Hamza Shaikh, Nishita Singh, Hesham Masoud, Sushanth R Aroor, Shashvat Desai, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Fredrick Echols, Thanh N Nguyen, Pankajavalli Ramakrishnan, Priyank Khandelwal, Dileep R Yavagal, Kaiz Asif

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is a critical intervention for patients with acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion. However, significant barriers remain in its widespread implementation, particularly in low- to middle-income countries, including a shortage of trained physicians and limited access to advanced medical technologies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate current mechanical thrombectomy training methodologies and assess their effectiveness in improving procedural skills among neurointerventional teams.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies were included, with 3 studies eligible …

Virtual Reality In Esl Teaching And Learning In A Hybrid Learning Environment In The United Arab Emirates, Basma Abdulla Abri

Dissertations

This study examines the impact of Virtual Reality (VR) on the oral proficiency of EFL learners in the UAE context, with exploring the instructors and students’ perspectives on using VR as a language learning tool. The study involved 44 Emirati higher education students enrolled in an English Communications Program divided into a control group using traditional methods, and an experimental group using VR tools for communicative activities. Data collection employed mixed-methods research through questionnaire surveys involving college students and interviews with EFL instructors over a ten-week period. According to the findings, the experimental group demonstrated higher oral proficiency than the …

Reading The Word And The World: Overstanding Literacy In Aboriginal And Chinese Classrooms, Gui Ying Annie Yang-Heim

Faculty Publications - College of Education

This qualitative comparative case study examines how culturally grounded philosophies of education shape the teaching and learning of reading in two cross-cultural contexts—an Aboriginal Australian classroom and urban Chinese elementary schools. Drawing on interpretive and reflexive methodologies, it investigates how Aboriginal and Confucian epistemologies influence literacy practices and how these practices align with or resist dominant, decontextualized models of reading instruction. Data sources include classroom observations, reading assessments, teacher interviews, and researcher reflections. Conceptually framed by Gadamer’s hermeneutics, Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital, Habermas’s typology of knowledge, and the Caribbean concept of overstanding, this research finds that Aboriginal literacy is …

The Root Cause Of Perceived Appraisal Politics Using Evidence From The South Korean Public Sector, Jinwoong Yoo, Saeyeon Roh, Mohamed Haddoud, Smita Tripathi

Plymouth Business School

The purpose of this study is to investigate the root causes of Perceived Appraisal Politics (PAP) within the public sector in South Korea. Scholars in the field of Human Resource Management (HRM) have identified the determinants of PAP in an effort to mitigate it. However, the complex interactions among those determinants and root causes have been overlooked. Therefore, we adopt a novel methodology in this study that combines Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and fuzzy-Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (f-DEMATEL). The findings indicate that the root causes of PAP include the presence of cliques, ambiguity of appraisal policies and goal ambiguity …

Effectiveness Of Ai-Powered Language Learning Tools In The Workplace, Iswariya Baskar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explored the experiences of multilingual employees with AI-powered language learning tools in financial and technology firms across the United States. As multilingual communication becomes increasingly vital in the workplace, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising support in language acquisition and cross-cultural collaboration. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore how AI-powered language learning tools influence the acquisition and retention of foreign languages of employees within financial and technology firms, how these tools strengthen professional identity and interpersonal communication, and how code-switching facilitated by AI impacts user experience and workplace engagement. Drawing from the …

Seeing Culture: A Benchmark For Visual Reasoning And Grounding, Burak Satar, Zhixin Ma, Patrick Amadeus Irrawan, Wilfried Ariel Mulyawan, Jing Jiang, Ee-Peng Lim, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Multimodal vision-language models (VLMs) have made substantial progress in various tasks that require a combined understanding of visual and textual content, particularly in cultural understanding tasks, with the emergence of new cultural datasets. However, these datasets frequently fall short of providing cultural reasoning while underrepresenting many cultures.In this paper, we introduce the Seeing Culture Benchmark (SCB), focusing on cultural reasoning with a novel approach that requires VLMs to reason on culturally rich images in two stages: i) selecting the correct visual option with multiple-choice visual question answering (VQA), and ii) segmenting the relevant cultural artifact as evidence of reasoning. Visual …

From Personas To Talks: Revisiting The Impact Of Personas On Llm-Synthesized Emotional Support Conversations, Shenghan Wu, Yimo Zhu, Wynne Hsu, Mong-Li Lee, Yang Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized the generation of emotional support conversations (ESC), offering scalable solutions with reduced costs and enhanced data privacy. This paper explores the role of personas in the creation of ESC by LLMs. Our research utilizes established psychological frameworks to measure and infuse persona traits into LLMs, which then generate dialogues in the emotional support scenario. We conduct extensive evaluations to understand the stability of persona traits in dialogues, examining shifts in traits post-generation and their impact on dialogue quality and strategy distribution. Experimental results reveal several notable findings: 1) LLMs can …

Adasteer: Your Aligned Llm Is Inherently An Adaptive Jailbreak Defender, Weixiang Zhao, Jiahe Guo, Yulin Hu, Yang Deng, An Zhang, Xingyu Sui, Xinyang Han, Yanyan Zhao, Bing Qin, Tat-Seng Chua, Ting Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite extensive efforts in safety alignment, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. Activation steering offers a training-free defense method but relies on fixed steering coefficients, resulting in suboptimal protection and increased false rejections of benign inputs. To address this, we propose AdaSteer, an adaptive activation steering method that dynamically adjusts model behavior based on input characteristics. We identify two key properties: Rejection Law (R-Law), which shows that stronger steering is needed for jailbreak inputs opposing the rejection direction, and Harmfulness Law (H-Law), which differentiates adversarial and benign inputs. AdaSteer steers input representations along both the Rejection Direction …

Chain Of Strategy Optimization Makes Large Language Models Better Emotional Supporter, Weixiang Zhao, Xingyu Sui, Xinyang Han, Yang Deng, Yulin Hu, Jiahe Guo, Libo Qin, Qianyun Du, Shijin Wang, Yanyan Zhao, Bing Qin, Ting Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The growing emotional stress in modern society has increased the demand for Emotional Support Conversations (ESC). While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for ESC, they face two key challenges: (1) low strategy selection accuracy, and (2) preference bias, limiting their adaptability to users’ emotional needs. Existing supervised fine-tuning (SFT) struggles to address these issues, as it rigidly trains models on single gold-standard responses without modeling nuanced strategy trade-offs. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel two-stage framework that optimizes strategy selection preferences at each dialogue turn. We first leverage Monte Carlo Tree Search to construct ESC-Pro, a high-quality …

Exploring Autonomous Agents: A Closer Look At Why They Fail When Completing Tasks, Ruofan Lu, Yichen Li, Yintong Huo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Autonomous agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks. However, current evaluations largely rely on success rates without systematically analyzing the interactions, communication mechanisms, and failure causes within these systems. To bridge this gap, we present a benchmark of 34 representative programmable tasks designed to rigorously assess autonomous agents. Using this benchmark, we evaluate three popular open-source agent frameworks combined with two LLM backbones, observing a task completion rate of approximately 50%. Through in-depth failure analysis, we develop a three-tier taxonomy of failure causes aligned with task phases, highlighting planning errors, task …

Envisioning Future Interactive Web Development: Editing Webpage With Natural Language, Truong Hai Dang, Jingyu Xiao, Yintong Huo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The evolution of web applications relies on iterative code modifications, a process that is traditionally manual and time-consuming. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate UI code, their ability to edit existing code from new design requirements (e.g., ”center the logo”) remains a challenge. This is largely due to the absence of large-scale, high-quality tuning data to align model performance with human expectations. In this paper, we introduce a novel, automated data generation pipeline that uses LLMs to synthesize a high-quality fine-tuning dataset for web editing, named Instruct4Edit. Our approach generates diverse instructions, applies the corresponding code modifications, and performs …

The Irrelevance Of “Peak Fame” On Celebrity Candidate Success, Richard T. Longoria, Dana Reyes

Political Science Faculty Publications

Objective

Does it matter “when” a celebrity runs for office? The political scientists who study celebrity candidates need to consider an important insight from communications and media scholars. Fame is a time-dependent variable. Someone who was famous 40 years ago may no longer be widely known today.

Methods

A list of celebrity political candidates who ran for office in the United States between 1865 and 2022 was created to measure campaign success.

Results

In terms of winning an election, it does not matter whether a celebrity candidate runs at the peak of their fame or waits until decades later. What …

Context-Aware Hierarchical Taxonomy Generation For Scientific Papers Via Llm-Guided Multi-Aspect Clustering, Kun Zhu, Lizi Liao, Yuxuan Gu, Lei Huang, Xiaocheng Feng, Bing Qin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid growth of scientific literature demands efficient methods to organize and synthesize research findings. Existing taxonomy construction methods, leveraging unsupervised clustering or direct prompting of large language models (LLMs), often lack coherence and granularity. We propose a novel context-aware hierarchical taxonomy generation framework that integrates LLM-guided multi-aspect encoding with dynamic clustering. Our method leverages LLMs to identify key aspects of each paper (e.g., methodology, dataset, evaluation) and generates aspect-specific paper summaries, which are then encoded and clustered along each aspect to form a coherent hierarchy. In addition, we introduce a new evaluation benchmark of 156 expert-crafted taxonomies encompassing 11.6k …

Why Stop At One Error? Benchmarking Llms As Data Science Code Debuggers For Multi-Hop And Multi-Bug Errors, Zhiyu Yang, Shuo Wang, Yukun Yan, Yang Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

LLMs are transforming software development, yet current code generation and code repair benchmarks mainly assess syntactic and functional correctness in simple, single-error cases. LLMs’ capabilities to autonomously find and fix runtime logical errors in complex data science code remain largely unexplored. To address this gap, we introduce DSDBench: the Data Science Debugging Benchmark, the first benchmark for systematic evaluation of LLMs on multi-hop error tracing and multi-bug detection in data science code debugging. DSDBench adapts datasets from existing data science task benchmarks, such as DABench and MatPlotBench, featuring realistic data science debugging tasks with automatically synthesized multi-hop, multi-bug code snippets. …

Discussion Of "Csr And Negative Corporate Events: The Moderating Role Of Managerial Overconfidence", Hye Sun Chang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to the notion that firms are accountable not only to shareholders but also to a broader set of stakeholders including customers, employees, creditors, and the communities in which they operate. Although CSR has long been part of corporate discourse, its prominence has grown with the rise of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns. Today’s consumers and stakeholders are increasingly attentive to issues such as climate change, economic inequality, labor rights, and social justice, prompting firms to align their strategies with evolving societal expectations. Building on this increasingly salient backdrop, Chu et al. (2026), hereafter CCT, …