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Indigenous Science Network Bulletin - November 2021

Indigenous Science Network

In this edition of the bulletin, we present another collection of items related to First Nations peoples and their science for a global audience of teachers, scientists and interested community members. Issue includes article about Indigenous cultural competency in the Australian teaching workforce by Carly Jia.

The Mammy, The Strong, Or The Broken: Politics Of Hair Afrocentricities In Scripted Television, Hayley Blackburn

Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women's & Gender Studies

The general literature on the experiences of Black women in America consistently discusses the way that more Afrocentric appearances— whether through skin tone, hairstyles and textures, clothing, language, or a combination of all the above— have been negatively framed throughout cultural and media histories ...

Prism Vol. 9, No. 3, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

PRISM Vol. 9, No. 3 focuses on how strategic competition, emerging technologies, and gray zone conflict are reshaping defense and national security. Articles address Russian strategic behavior, China’s artificial intelligence ambitions and military modernization, financial and technological competition between the United States and China, artificial intelligence and future warfare, gray zone aggression, Sweden’s total defense model, ethical governance of defense AI, and the electromagnetic spectrum as an operational domain. The issue highlights the growing importance of technological advantage, economic statecraft, resilience, and new forms of competition below the threshold of armed conflict.

The Ruse Of Reading: The Postcolonial Literary Marketplace And The Novels Of Gina Apostol, Maria Gabriela Martin

English Faculty Publications

This paper explores the politics of reading in the novelistic production of Gina Apostol in relation to Sarah Brouillette’s analysis of the postcolonial literary marketplace, Timothy Brennan’s critique of cosmopolitanism, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s tracking of the native informant in postcolonial discourse. In Brouillette’s work, postcolonial writers, unlike the Romantic author who disavows commercial popularity, are aware of the commodification of their work and interact with it, either through resistance or complicity. Cosmopolitanism for Brennan denotes an unequal flow of intellectual commodities between center and periphery instantiated in the consciousness of the migrant writer valorized in “international book markets because …

Gratitude

In Case You Missed It

NOVEMBER 2021

For The Birds Absence And Vision In Teaching Texts, David I. Smith

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Chimes: November 1, 2021, Calvin University

Chimes

Sociology department launches criminology major by Jocelyn Nunez-Colon

As RCA congregations consider splitting, they do so with grace by Isaiah Tenhuisen

How Calvin's parking stacks up to the competition by Abigail Ham

Class registration and academic planning are about to get a major facelift by Lauren Vanden Bosch

Art history professor curates newsletter with global audience by Grace Toma

Sports analogies in political science: Slam dunk or strikeout? by Isaiah Tenhuisen

Health Services to offer COVID-19 booster shots on campus by Sarah Gibes

Halloween at Calvin: From 1958 riots to 2021 rollerblade parties by Timothy Lin

This land has a …

Analyzing Temporal Patterns In Phishing Email Topics, Erika Bliss

Theses

In 2020, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) found phishing to be the most common cybercrime, with a record number of complaints from Americans reporting losses exceeding $4.1 billion. Various phishing prevention methods exist; however, these methods are usually reactionary in nature as they activate only after a phishing campaign has been launched. Priming people ahead of time with the knowledge of which phishing topic is more likely to occur could be an effective proactive phishing prevention strategy. It has been noted that the volume of phishing emails tended to increase around key calendar dates and during times of uncertainty. …

Considering Who Has Opportunities For Training And Advancement, 21cleo Research Team

21CLEO Research Project Blog Posts

The three working learners featured in this blog post represent contrasting experiences that help us to understand the level and quality of support from such mediators as has become evident in our research, and the resu Its on the careers of these learners. Al I names used are pseudonyms.

We Are Each Other’S Breath: Tracing Interdependency Through Critical Poetic Inquiry, Karen Zaino, Jordan Bell

Publications and Research

In this paper, we utilize poetic methods that seek to surface, but not overdetermine, the unanticipated relational excess produced through literacy practices. Karen, a queer white woman, and Jordan, a cis-gendered heterosexual Black man, wrote a series of letters to one another throughout the Spring 2020 semester. We turned to critical poetic inquiry to analyze the letters, interested in poetry’s capacity to highlight literacy’s critical power and its emergent potential. We found ourselves implicated in each other’s lives in new ways; we found our relationship both strengthened and tested. Such relational indeterminacy creates methodological challenges in literacy research. We found …

A Reasonable Possibility Of Refoulement: The Inadequacies Of Procedures To Protect Vulnerable Noncitizens From Return To Persecution, Torture, Or Death, Lexie Marilyn Ford

Texas A&M Law Review

Due primarily to increases in individuals fleeing violence and turmoil in Central America, over 40% of noncitizens arriving in the United States are put on a fast-track removal process and subsequently claim fear of returning to their home countries. A decade ago, the number was only 5%. This influx of asylum-seekers at the border has led to tension between those who wish to protect them and those who view such migrants as “invaders.” In 2019 and 2020, the Trump Administration proffered sweeping regulatory changes with the aim to substantively and procedurally restrict noncitizens’ access to protection from persecution and torture …

Chameleon Boy: An Autobiographical Literary Critique Of Biracial Subjects In A Racialized Society, David Robinson

All NMU Master's Theses

In American society, race is a determining factor when realizing a salient identity. Social engagements, relationships, and the perception has of one’s self are all effected and choreographed by race. Deeply ingrained within our social structure race aims to categorize humanity into easily identifiable, yet reductive, categories. However, an issue arises when the addition of the mixed-race subject throws the sorting machine into a frenzy. Unable to categorize the racially ambiguous, American society chooses to conflate their physicality to another ethnic group or race or write them off as Other. The late Gloria Anzaldua’s investigation into the limitless possibilities present …

Does Diacritics-Based Lexical Disambiguation Modulate Word Frequency, Length, And Predictability Effects? An Eye-Movements Investigation Of Processing Arabic Diacritics, Ehab W. Hermena, Sana Bouamama, Simon P. Liversedge, Denis Drieghe

All Works

In Arabic, a predominantly consonantal script that features a high incidence of lexical ambiguity (heterophonic homographs), glyph-like marks called diacritics supply vowel information that clarifies how each consonant should be pronounced, and thereby disambiguate the pronunciation of consonantal strings. Diacritics are typically omitted from print except in situations where a particular homograph is not sufficiently disambiguated by the surrounding context. In three experiments we investigated whether the presence of disambiguating diacritics on target homographs modulates word frequency, length, and predictability effects during reading. In all experiments, the subordinate representation of the target homographs was instantiated by the diacritics (in the …

Algae Sympoiesis In Performance: Rendering-With Nonhuman Ecologies, Sarah Blissett

School of Art, Design and Architecture

This article explores an ecodramaturgical approach to performance-making and research with algae. The first part considers the notion of ‘algae rendering’ as a methodological tool for theorising algae ecological relations which highlights links between representations of algae and their material effects. The second part considers how my embodied encounters with cyanobacteria algae, in the form of lichen, inspire new modes of working with algae in creative practice that explore how algae agencies ‘render’ bodies and environments. I also draw on an artistic case study by The Harrissons (1971) to illustrate principles of what I consider examples of ‘algae rendering’ in …

Teachers’ Perspectives On How One-To-One Devices Influence Their English Language Learners’ Academic Experience, Christine Jimenez-Johnson

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

As the number of English Language Learners (ELLs) continues to grow in classrooms across school districts, educators continue to seek innovative instructional methods to increase ELLs’ learning outcomes. Technological applications and devices are changing the way society communicates and collaborates, and school districts are incorporating different technologies to enhance teaching and learning. More so, technological devices are increasingly being used to enhance the learning experiences of ELLs and are changing the way teachers are teaching English language instruction.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore teachers’ perspectives on how one-to-one devices influence ELLs’ academic experiences. The population included …

Strategies For Highlighting Items Within Visual Scene Displays To Support Augmentative And Alternative Communication Access For Those With Physical Impairments, Kevin Pitt, John W. Mccarthy

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose: In contrast to the traditional grid-based display, visual scene displays (VSDs) offer a new paradigm for aided communication. For individuals who cannot select items from an AAC display by direct selection due to physical impairments, AAC access can be supported via methods such as item scanning. Item scanning sequentially highlights items on a display until the individual signals for selection. How items are highlighted or scanned for AAC access can impact performance outcomes. Further, the effectiveness of a VSD interface may be enhanced through consultation with experts in visual communication. Therefore, to support AAC access for those with physical …

Adaptive Posterior Knowledge Selection For Improving Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation, Weichao Wang, Wei Gao, Shi Feng, Ling Chen, Daling Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In open-domain dialogue systems, knowledge information such as unstructured persona profiles, text descriptions and structured knowledge graph can help incorporate abundant background facts for delivering more engaging and informative responses. Existing studies attempted to model a general posterior distribution over candidate knowledge by considering the entire response utterance as a whole at the beginning of decoding process for knowledge selection. However, a single smooth distribution could fail to model the variability of knowledge selection patterns over different decoding steps, and make the knowledge expression less consistent. To remedy this issue, we propose an adaptive posterior knowledge selection framework, which sequentially …

Span-Level Emotion Cause Analysis With Neural Sequence Tagging, Xiangju Li, Wei Gao, Shi Feng, Daling Wang, Shafiq Joty

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper addresses the task of span-level emotion cause analysis (SECA). It is a finer-grained emotion cause analysis (ECA) task, which aims to identify the specific emotion cause span(s) behind certain emotions in text. In this paper, we formalize SECA as a sequence tagging task for which several variants of neural network-based sequence tagging models to extract specific emotion cause span(s) in the given context. These models combine different types of encoding and decoding approaches. Furthermore, to make our models more "emotionally sensitive'', we utilize the multi-head attention mechanism to enhance the representation of context. Experimental evaluations conducted on two …

Stock Market Trend Forecasting Based On Multiple Textual Features: A Deep Learning Method, Zhenda Hu, Zhaoxia Wang, Seng-Beng Ho, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Stock market trend forecasting is a valuable and challenging research task for both industry and academia. In order to explore the influence of stock news information on the stock market trend, a textual embedding construction method is proposed to encode multiple textual features, including topic features, sentiment features, and semantic features extracted from stock news textual content. In addition, a deep learning method is designed by using financial data and multiple textual features obtained from multiple news textual embeddings for short-term stock market trend prediction. For evaluation, extensive experiments on real stock market data are conducted. The experimental results illustrate …

Is Multi-Hop Reasoning Really Explainable? Towards Benchmarking Reasoning Interpretability, Xin Lv, Yixin Cao, Lei Hou, Juanzi Li, Zhiyuan Liu, Yichi Zhang, Zelin Dai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Multi-hop reasoning has been widely studied in recent years to obtain more interpretable link prediction. However, we find in experiments that many paths given by these models are actually unreasonable, while little work has been done on interpretability evaluation for them. In this paper, we propose a unified framework to quantitatively evaluate the interpretability of multi-hop reasoning models so as to advance their development. In specific, we define three metrics, including path recall, local interpretability, and global interpretability for evaluation, and design an approximate strategy to calculate these metrics using the interpretability scores of rules. We manually annotate all possible …

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis In Question Answering Forums, Wenxuan Zhang, Yang Deng, Xin Li, Lidong Bing, Wai Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) typically focuses on extracting aspects and predicting their sentiments on individual sentences such as customer reviews. Recently, another kind of opinion sharing platform, namely question answering (QA) forum, has received increasing popularity, which accumulates a large number of user opinions towards various aspects. This motivates us to investigate the task of ABSA on QA forums (ABSA-QA), aiming to jointly detect the discussed aspects and their sentiment polarities for a given QA pair. Unlike review sentences, a QA pair is composed of two parallel sentences, which requires interaction modeling to align the aspect mentioned in the question …

Artificial Intelligence As Augmenting Automation: Implications For Employment, F. Ted Tschang, Esteve Almirall

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

There has been great concern in recent years that artificial intelligence (AI) may cause widespread unemployment, but proponents say that AI augments existing jobs. Both of these positions have substance, but there is a need is to articulate the mechanisms by which AI may actually do both, and in the process, transform work and business organizations alike. We use economic studies showing past transformations automation wrought on the structure of employment and skills (such as the favouring of nonroutine skills) to articulate a ground for discussion. We then use case evidence of AI and automation to show how AI is …

The Experiences Of Ethical Tensions When Using Harm Reduction With High-Risk Youth, Patricia I. Owens, Simon Nuttgens

The Qualitative Report

Little is known about the ethical experiences of psychologists who work with high-risk youth using a harm reduction approach. We used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explicitly explore this phenomenon. In this small exploratory study three participants were interviewed to glean their experiences of ethical tension. Data analysis revealed three superordinate themes (questioning, acting, and holding) within which eight subthemes are subsumed (questioning beneficence, questions from others, self-care, social change, negotiation, consultation and supervision, acceptance, and sitting with tension). The results of this research suggest that context-specific ethical tensions may arise for psychologists who work with high-risk youth using a …

2021 November, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for November of 2021.

Viewing Anti-Immigrant Hate Online: An Application Of Routine Activity And Social Structure-Social Learning Theory, Matthew Costello, Salvatore J. Restifo, James Hawdon

Sociology Faculty Publications

The increasingly prominent role of the Internet in the lives of Americans has resulted in more people coming into contact with various types of online content, including online hate material. One of the most common forms of online hate targets immigrants, seeking to position immigrants as threats to personal, national, economic, and cultural security. Given the recent rise in online hate targeting immigrants, this study examines factors that bring individuals into virtual contact with such material. Utilizing recently collected online survey data of American youth and young adults, we draw on insights from Routine Activity Theory and Social Structure-Social Learning …

Wav-Bert: Cooperative Acoustic And Linguistic Representation Learning For Low-Resource Speech Recognition, Guolin Zheng, Yubei Xiao, Ke Gong, Pan Zhou, Xiaodan Liang, Liang Lin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Unifying acoustic and linguistic representation learning has become increasingly crucial to transfer the knowledge learned on the abundance of high-resource language data for low-resource speech recognition. Existing approaches simply cascade pre-trained acoustic and language models to learn the transfer from speech to text. However, how to solve the representation discrepancy of speech and text is unexplored, which hinders the utilization of acoustic and linguistic information. Moreover, previous works simply replace the embedding layer of the pre-trained language model with the acoustic features, which may cause the catastrophic forgetting problem. In this work, we introduce Wav-BERT, a cooperative acoustic and linguistic …

A Bert-Based Two-Stage Model For Chinese Chengyu Recommendation, Minghuan Tan, Jing Jiang, Bingtian Dai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In Chinese, Chengyu are fixed phrases consisting of four characters. As a type of idioms, their meanings usually cannot be derived from their component characters. In this paper, we study the task of recommending a Chengyu given a textual context. Observing some of the limitations with existing work, we propose a two-stage model, where during the first stage we re-train a Chinese BERT model by masking out Chengyu from a large Chinese corpus with a wide coverage of Chengyu. During the second stage, we fine-tune the retrained, Chengyu-oriented BERT on a specific Chengyu recommendation dataset. We evaluate this method on …

Automating Developer Chat Mining, Shengyi Pan, Lingfeng Bao, Xiaoxue Ren, Xin Xia, David Lo, Shanping Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online chatrooms are gaining popularity as a communication channel between widely distributed developers of Open Source Software (OSS) projects. Most discussion threads in chatrooms follow a Q&A format, with some developers (askers) raising an initial question and others (respondents) joining in to provide answers. These discussion threads are embedded with rich information that can satisfy the diverse needs of various OSS stakeholders. However, retrieving information from threads is challenging as it requires a thread-level analysis to understand the context. Moreover, the chat data is transient and unstructured, consisting of entangled informal conversations. In this paper, we address this challenge by …

Code-Switching Patterns Differentially Shape Cognitive Control: Testing The Predictions Of The Adaptive Control Hypothesis, Giliaine Ng, Hwajin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Bilinguals engage in qualitatively different code-switching patterns (alternation, insertion, and congruent lexicalization) to different degrees, according to their engagement in different types of interactional contexts (single-language context, dual-language context, and dense code-switching context). Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis, we examined whether bilinguals’ code-switching patterns would differentially shape multiple aspects of cognitive control (interference control, salient cue detection, and opportunistic planning). We found that a dense code-switching context, which predominantly involves insertion and congruent lexicalization, was positively associated with verbal opportunistic planning but negatively associated with interference control and salient cue detection. In contrast, a dual-language context, which predominantly involves …

The Lived Experiences Of Filipino Teachers Teaching In Texas: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study, Jeffrey Chua

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Among the estimated 100,000 Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) working in the United States, a small group of Filipino teachers may have lasting impacts on one of the most important pillars of the nation: its public schools. Thus, it is important to understand the lived experiences of Filipino teachers teaching in Texas. This research aimed to contribute to existing literature that explores the lived experiences and the acculturation process of Filipino teachers. Utilizing a transcendental phenomenological approach, seven such teachers were selected through snowball sampling and were interviewed. The findings of the study showed their shared experiences revolved around four themes: …