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An Analysis Of The Workforce Pipeline In School Psychology, Julie Q. Morrison, Susan C. Davies, Amity Noltemeyer

Counselor Education and Human Services Faculty Publications

A shortage of school psychologists in the USA jeopardizes the capacity of schools to meet the needs of struggling students. The aim of the study was to evaluate the progression of school psychologists through the professional preparation—to practice pipeline for attracting, preparing, and retaining school psychologists. Descriptive research methods were used to retrospectively track three annual cohorts of graduate students from eight school psychology programs as they progressed through key milestones in their preparation and early professional practice. The results indicate that a large percentage of students completed their graduate program and continued to work in the field 1-, 3-, …

The Glocal Net: Standing On Joel Reidenberg’S Shoulders, Michael Birnhack

Fordham Law Review

Information technology and digital networks are global, and information can easily cross borders. Laws, however, are territorial, local, and specific. This is the meeting of the global and the local. Imposing local laws on global technology can result in a conflict, but it may give birth to a new condition, the “glocal net”: the fusion of the global and the local. Under the condition of the glocal net, as a matter of practice, people experience the internet differently in different places around the globe. As an ideal, the glocal net would strive to enable both the global and the local …

Mathematics Achievement And Native Language Within Dual Immersion Programs, Cristina Alcaraz-Juarez

Doctor of Education (EdD)

This quantitative inferential study used ex post facto data that were previously acquired from Oregon school districts’ hosting TWI/dual immersion students’ mathematics achievement scores (SBAC), to determine if there was a statistical difference in math achievement between the two-native language (NES and NSS) students. The math SBAC data for academic school years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 was disaggregated by native language (NES and NSS) and by grade levels 3, 4, and 5 see Tables seven, eight and nine. The statistical tools used were mean, population proportion, two-tailed t-test and two-tailed 2-sample z-test to compare sample proportion. This research concluded, the …

Developing A Fake News Identification Model With Advanced Deep Languagetransformers For Turkish Covid-19 Misinformation Data, Mehmet Bozuyla, Akin Özçi̇ft

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The massive use of social media causes rapid information dissemination that amplifies harmful messages such as fake news. Fake-news is misleading information presented as factual news that is generally used to manipulate public opinion. In particular, fake news related to COVID-19 is defined as 'infodemic' by World Health Organization. An infodemic is a misleading information that causes confusion which may harm health. There is a high volume of misinformation about COVID-19 that causes panic and high stress. Therefore, the importance of development of COVID-19 related fake news identification model is clear and it is particularly important for Turkish language from …

Event-Related Microblog Retrieval In Turkish, Çağri Toraman

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Microblogs, such as tweets, are short messages in which users are able to share any opinion and information. Microblogs are mostly related to real-life events reported in news articles. Finding event-related microblogs is important to analyze online social networks and understand public opinion on events. However, finding such microblogs is a challenging task due to the dynamic nature of microblogs and their limited length. In this study, assuming that news articles are given as queries and microblogs as documents, we find event-related microblogs in Turkish. In order to represent news articles and microblogs, we examine encoding methods, namely traditional bag-of-words …

Modern Russian Reflections On The Soviet-Afghan War, Octavio Camba

University Honors Theses

The work is focused on the translation and analysis of Russian news articles in recent years which reflect on the Soviet-Afghan War of 1979-1989. Various sources offer lessons of the war, and the reflections carry criticisms of the Soviet failures in warfare and governance that created the present situation in Afghanistan, directly and with related consequences. The Soviet Union was a large conventional army that attempted to create political transformation in Afghanistan by supporting the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan in order to stop the perceived threat of radical political Islam, and its spread into the Soviet Central Asian republics …

Institutional Protection Schemes - What Are Their Differences, Strengths, Weaknesses, And Track Records?, Harry Huizinga

Documents

No abstract provided.

First Amendment Contradictions And Pathologies In Discourse, Erica Goldberg

School of Law Faculty Publications

A robust, principled application of the First Amendment produces contradictions that undermine the very justifications for free speech protections. Strong free speech protections are justified by the idea that rational, informed deliberation leads to peaceful decision-making, yet our marketplace of ideas is crowded with lies, reductive narratives, emotional appeals, and speech that leads to violence. Our current First Amendment model creates pathologies in discourse, which I term problems in speech quality and problems of speaker identity, that are exacerbated in our modern age of easy communication. The reason for these pathologies lies in the relationship between reason and emotion, both …

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MARCH 2022

Independent - Mar. 1, 2022, Monty Stites

The Independent (1988-present)

No abstract provided.

Observers Use Gesture To Disambiguate Contrastive Expressions Of Preference, Fey Parrill, Grace Moran, Hannah Boylan, Ishita Gupta, Aisha Zamir

Faculty Scholarship

We present two studies exploring how participants respond when a speaker contrasts two ideas, then expresses an ambiguous preference towards one of them. Study 1 showed that, when reading a speaker’s preference as text, participants tended to choose whatever was said last as matching the speaker’s preference, reflecting the recent-mention bias of anaphora resolution. In Study 2, we asked whether this pattern changed for audio versions of our stimuli. We found that it did not. We then asked whether observers used gesture to disambiguate the speaker’s preference. Participants watched videos in which two statements were spoken. Co-speech gestures were produced …

Germanic Emigrants Of Memphis, 1865 - 1880, Sophia Rouse

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

Preschool Children’S Processing Of Events During Verb Learning: Is The Focus On People (Faces) Or Their Actions (Hands)?, Jane B. Childers, Emily Grace Warkentin, Blaire M. Porter, Marissa Young, Sneh Lalani, Akila Gopalkrishnan

Psychology Faculty Research

Verbs are central to the syntactic structure of sentences, and, thus, important for learning one’s native language. This study examined how children visually inspect events as they hear, and do not hear, a new verb. Specifically, there is evidence that children may focus on the agent of the action or may prioritize attention to the action being performed; to date, little evidence is available. This study used an eye tracker to track 2-, 3-, and 4-year-olds’ looking to the agent (i.e., face) vs. action (i.e., hands) while viewing events linked to a new verb as well as distractor events. A …

Students’ Perception Towards Behavioral Intention Of Audio And Video Teaching Styles: An Acceptance Study, Rana Saeed Al-Maroof, Nafla Mahdi Nasser Alahbabi, Iman Akour, Khadija Alhumaid, Kevin Ayoubi, Maryam Alnnaimi, Sarah Thabit, Raghad Alfaisal, Ahmad Aburayya, Said Salloum

All Works

Recently audio and video material has been used significantly in various online platforms. The au-dio-video materials enhance the teaching and learning process by facilitating the transformation of the data and providing a richer interactive environment, hence gaining wide intention within the educational realm. However, empirical studies have not examined the acceptance of the audio and video material depending on a conceptual model where acceptance is the key factor. The present study attempts to overcome this gap in the literature review by investigating the effects of media richness, speed and vividness, perceived concentration, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness on the …

Linguistic Aspects Of Political Discourse With Reference To English And Arabic Languages, Sana Fadi Shamaileh

All Works

No abstract provided.

Allusion Or Illusion? : The Literary Relationship Between The Holiness Code And Other Pentateuchal Legal Corpora, Chelcent Fuad

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Diversity Of Norm Psychologies: A Challenge For The Law, Paul Sheldon Davies

William & Mary Law Review

Can we craft a coherent set of laws applicable to populations with deep cultural diversity? The full force of this question—call it the generalization challenge—has emerged recently thanks to advances in the sciences of the human, especially theories of neuroscience and psychology framed by theories of biological and especially cultural evolution. The goal of this Article is to describe enough of those advances to make clear the force of the challenge. The motivation is simple: as we endeavor to imagine the future of law in light of discoveries in neuroscience and related disciplines, being apprised of the generalization challenge may …

Reliability And Validity Study Of The Translated Arabic Version Of Moorehead-Ardelt Quality Of Life Questionnaire Ii, Saud Aldeghaither, Mohammed Alnaami, Abdullah Aldohayan, Fahad Bamehriz, Sarah Alhaizan, Mohammed Aldeghaither, Abdullah Almunifi

Saudi Medical Journal

ABSTRACT Objectives: To generate a translated Arabic adaptation of the revised Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II (MA-II), then to assess its reliability and validity. Methods: The MA-II was translated to Arabic by 3 independent translators. Next, a concise translation, developed from the 3 translations, was re-translated to English and was compared with the original questionnaire. Both the reliability and the validity of the Arabic MA-II were assessed in 144 patients struggling with obesity before and after bariatric procedures at Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Apart from the demographic data, both the MA-II and the 36-item short-form health survey …

Assessing Pre-Literacy Behaviors In Infants And Toddlers: Psychometric Evaluation Of The Infant Toddler Literacy Assessment (Itla-3), Barbara J. Jackson, Christine Marvin, Amy J. Encinger, Nicole Buchholz, Becky Zessin

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Assessment of emerging literacy in young children is generally limited to either skill development in children over 3 years of age or the quality and context of young children’s early literacy experiences. Although there has been promotion of their early literacy experiences, assessment of emerging pre-literacy behaviors in children younger than 3 years has yet to be organized into a single tool.

Preliminary work on the Infant Toddler Literacy Assessment (ITLA) has progressed through initial steps of scale development and shown promise as a criterionbased, standardized assessment for tracking children’s pre-literacy behaviors and guiding practitioners in supporting development of those …

Serious Notice: A Celebration, Discussion, And Recognition Of Joel Reidenberg’S Work On Privacy Notices And Disclosures, Tal Z. Zarsky

Fordham Law Review

This Essay pays tribute to Professor Joel Reidenberg’s rich academic career and, specifically, to his contributions to the study of privacy policies. In doing so, this Essay takes a close look at privacy policies and possible ways to effectively intermediate their content through various labeling schemes. While severely flawed, privacy policies are here to stay. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of ways to enhance their efficiency is merited. This Essay thus examines key strategies for privacy-related intermediation, obstacles, and problems arising in the process, as well as possible solutions. The analysis weaves together theoretical and empirical privacy law scholarship (much of …

Mwptoolkit: An Open-Source Framework For Deep Learning-Based Math Word Problem Solvers, Yihuai Lan, Lei Wang, Qiyuan Zhang, Yunshi Lan, Bing Tian Dai, Yan Wang, Dongxiang Zhang, Ee-Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Duplicate record, see https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/7680/. Developing automatic Math Word Problem (MWP) solvers has been an interest of NLP researchers since the 1960s. Over the last few years, there are a growing number of datasets and deep learning-based methods proposed for effectively solving MWPs. However, most existing methods are benchmarked solely on one or two datasets, varying in different configurations, which leads to a lack of unified, standardized, fair, and comprehensive comparison between methods. This paper presents MWPToolkit, the first open-source framework for solving MWPs. In MWPToolkit, we decompose the procedure of existing MWP solvers into multiple core components and decouple …

Debiasing Nlu Models Via Causal Intervention And Counterfactual Reasoning, Bing Tian, Yixin Cao, Yong Zhang, Chunxiao Xing

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recent studies have shown that strong Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models are prone to relying on annotation biases of the datasets as a shortcut, which goes against the underlying mechanisms of the task of interest. To reduce such biases, several recent works introduce debiasing methods to regularize the training process of targeted NLU models. In this paper, we provide a new perspective with causal inference to fnd out the bias. On the one hand, we show that there is an unobserved confounder for the natural language utterances and their respective classes, leading to spurious correlations from training data. To remove …

Evaluating Semantic Matching Techniques For Technical Documents, Rain F. Dartt

Theses and Dissertations

Machine learning models that employ NLP techniques have become more widely accessible, making them an attractive solution for text and document classification tasks traditionally accomplished by humans. Two such use cases are matching the specialized experience required for a job to statements in applicant resumes, and finding and labelling clauses in legal contracts The AFMC has an immediate need for solutions to civilian hiring. However, there is currently no truth data to validate against. A similar task is contract understanding for which there is the CUAD, a recently published repository of 510 contracts manually labelled by legal experts. The presented …

Analysis Of The Perspective On Syrian Refugees By Neighboring Countries, Norma Ghanem

Theses and Dissertations

Mass migration destabilizes neighboring states, opening the way for fragile state exploitation by enemies, including those that could undermine U.S. national interests. This study investigates an area of the Levant region, specifically countries neighboring Syria, and analyzes their perspective on Syrian refugees for the time frame of 1 June 2019 - 30 June 2020. This analysis may assist in forming policy and creating strategies to address refugee related issues, both domestic and international. There are three main questions addressed. The first inspects dominant refugee framing, the second explores sentiment (dis)similarity within each country and across countries, and the third investigates …

Cybersecurity Risk In U.S. Critical Infrastructure: An Analysis Of Publicly Available U.S. Government Alerts And Advisories, Zachary Lanz

International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence & Cybercrime

As threat actor operations become increasingly sophisticated and emphasize the targeting of critical infrastructure and services, the need for cybersecurity information sharing will continue to grow. Escalating demand for cyber threat intelligence and information sharing across the cybersecurity community has resulted in the need to better understand the information produced by reputable sources such as U.S. CISA Alerts and ICS-CERT advisories. The text analysis program, Profiler Plus, is used to extract information from 1,574 U.S. government alerts and advisories to develop visualizations and generate enhanced insights into different cyber threat actor types, the tactics which can be used for cyber …

Directional Pairwise Class Confusion Bias And Its Mitigation, Sudhashree Sayenju, Ramazan Aygun Phd, Jonathan Boardman, Duleep Prasanna Rathgamage Don, Yifan Zhang Phd, Bill Franks, Sereres Johnston Phd, George Lee, Dan Sullivan, Girish Modgil Phd

Published and Grey Literature from PhD Candidates

Recent advances in Natural Language Processing have led to powerful and sophisticated models like BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) that have bias. These models are mostly trained on text corpora that deviate in important ways from the text encountered by a chatbot in a problem-specific context. While a lot of research in the past has focused on measuring and mitigating bias with respect to protected attributes (stereotyping like gender, race, ethnicity, etc.), there is lack of research in model bias with respect to classification labels. We investigate whether a classification model hugely favors one class with respect to another. …

The Effects Of Epistemic Beliefs On Undergraduate Students' Emotions And Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified Foods, David Andrew Lee

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Much research has explored socio-scientific issues (SSIs) in science instruction, including the connections between conceptions and attitude. Studies have also shown that epistemic beliefs affect epistemic emotions, which are a key component of students’ reaction to complex scientific topics. Correcting misconceptions can also result in emotional and attitude change, particularly surrounding the topic of genetically modified foods (GMFs). However, the impact of epistemic beliefs on emotions and attitude towards GMFs has largely gone unexplored. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of epistemic beliefs on epistemic emotions and attitudes towards GMFs. This quantitative correlational study sampled 78 …

An Examination Of Teachers’ Experiences With The Multi-Tiered System Of Support Process In A Middle School Setting, Martavious Kendrell Johnson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to understand teachers’ experiences when implementing the Multi-Tiered Systems of Support systemic framework in a middle school setting. The problem was teachers’ lack of emotional and tangible support from their schools when exerting time, energy, and resources necessary for successful implementation of the components of the Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS) framework. The theory that guided this study was Revans’ action learning theory (ALT), which consisted of four components: (a) problems, (b) clients, (c) self-advisors, and (d) processes. The central research question that guided this study was: what are the experiences …

A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Alternatively Certified Second-Career Educators, Alison L. Harmon

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of alternatively certified second-career educators in urban elementary schools in South Carolina. Currently, alternatively certified second-career educators are defined as professionals who have a degree in a field other than education but teach with an alternative license. The central question for this study was: How do alternatively certified educators describe their experiences and perceptions of the teaching profession in the first five years? The phenomenological qualitative approach unveiled the underlying reasons why alternatively certified teachers stay in education past the first five years. The theories guiding …

Translanguaging Space In A Bilingual Program In New York City Chinatown Middle School, Xiaodi Zhou, Danling Fu

Bilingual and Literacy Studies Faculty Publications

This study explores how translanguaging pedagogy was practiced in a New York City Chinatown middle school to engage emergent bilingual students (EBs) with diverse language literacy backgrounds in their study of the grade level social studies curriculum. The data were collected over the past two decades while we worked with classroom teachers in search of effective ways to improve EBs’ school performance. We revisited this data utilizing a translanguaging lens to reconceptualize this past work and reframe our analysis to deepen understanding of translanguaging teaching praxis. Therefore, this research not only seeks possible ways to meet challenges in the education …