Digital Commons Network^™

Framing Online Speech Governance As An Algorithmic Accountability Issue, Mehtab Khan

Indiana Law Journal

Automated tools used in online speech governance are prone to errors on a large-scale yet widely used. Legal and policy responses have largely focused on case-by-case evaluations of these errors, instead of an examination of the development process of the tools. Moreover, information on the internet is no longer simply generated by users, but also by sophisticated language tools like ChatGPT, that are going to pose a challenge to speech governance. Yet, legal and policy measures have not responded adequately to AI tools becoming more dynamic and impactful. In order to address the challenges posed by algorithmic content governance, I …

A Framework For Applying Copyright Law To The Training Of Textual Generative Artificial Intelligence, Art Neill, James Thomas, Erika Lee

Faculty Scholarship

The rise in the popularity of consumer-facing generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has created considerable confusion and consternation among some copyright owners. The ability to automate the generation of original works based on user input is considered by some copyright holders to have been made possible by large-scale direct infringement by OpenAI, Microsoft, and other major GenAI developers. This article explores the application of copyright law to the training of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, specifically focusing on the legal issues surrounding the unauthorized use of copyrighted textual works in the GenAI training process.

The large language models (LLMs) that drive ChatGPT and similar …

Youth Transitions Advisory Council 2024 Annual Report, Tennessee. Commission On Children And Youth.

Youth Transitions Advisory Council

No abstract provided.

Professional Liability, Shelby Taylor, R. Max Ward, Josh Sherman

SMU Annual Texas Survey

This Article describes and analyzes major developments in professional liability law that occurred in Texas between December 1, 2022, and November 30, 2023.

Project Rural Practice: Its People & Its Purpose: The Next Chapter, Patrick G. Goetzinger, Robert L. Morris

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Future Of Indigent Defense In South Dakota, Brooklyn Bollweg, Neil Fulton

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2023-2024, Tennessee. Department Of Safety And Homeland Security

Annual Reports

This document is the annual report for the Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security during the fiscal year.

Point Break: Exploring Associations Of Burnout, Locus Of Control, And Engagement In The Principalship, Matt Condon

Dissertations of Practice

This quantitative study examined the constructs of burnout, workplace engagement, and locus of control in a sample of 278 public school principals in the state of Illinois. Data were collected via Qualtrics and consisted of the self-report measures of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Rotter Locus of Control Scale, as well as several demographic questions about the characteristics of the school and district as well as the personal characteristics of the survey respondents. Research questions were examined via MANOVAs, multivariate regressions, and Pearson correlations. Findings suggest gender differences in self-perceptions of personal accomplishment but there …

Child Migrant Workers: The Invisible Children?, Ewa Rejman

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

From February to December 2023, The New York Times published a series of investigative articles on child migrant workers who take jobs that are off-limits to American children and simply “disappear from the system” while companies and government officials continued to shift blame to avoid responsibility. This case study serves as a starting point for analyzing violations of child migrant workers’ rights in light of child-specific risks and child-specific forms of persecution.

This Article focuses on international human rights law obligations that the United States has failed to adequately fulfill and addresses potential objections to these obligations’ binding character. It …

Reconceiving Tort Law And The Role Of Insurance: Achieving Mutual Accountability, Grace Hong

CMC Senior Theses

Despite insurance being a deciding factor in whether liability is found in tort cases, it is not always reflected in tort theories and court opinions. In this paper, I offer a framework for reconceiving the role of insurance in tort law. To achieve this, I outline where insurance falls into instrumental and non-instrumental theories and why non-instrumental theories are more persuasive. After establishing this, I move to Goldberg and Zipursky’s civil recourse theory and delineate how similarities between the right to vote and right of action indicate parallel problems with failures to comprehend lack of access to the political process …

Improving Screening For Intimate Partner Violence Amongst Older Adults, Olivia Bell

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This systematic literature review was conducted to gather a better understanding of screening for intimate partner violence (IPV) among older adults. IPV affects millions of people every year. Many screenings are conducted with women of reproductive age in medical settings, not older adults. This study focused on ways to improve screenings for older adults by addressing topics including elder abuse and IPV and the lack of resources/knowledge for IPV survivors who are older adults. This study was a literature review conducted with the University of Central Florida’s PRIMO database to find articles on IPV among older adults over the last …

Using Social Media As A Tool To Inform Person-Centred Justice, Matthew Dylag

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Many leading access to justice organizations recognize the importance of including the public’s perspective within programming and policy development. One key question underlying this approach is, how can organizations learn about the public’s experience with legal problems and the law? Noting that conversations about legal problems provide evidence of such experiences, this paper presents a study that examines conversations posted to the social media platform Reddit. It argues that social media can be leveraged to better understand the public’s experience with legal problems and the law and, in doing so, help to inform a person-centred perspective of justice.

Foreword: With People Struggling And The Law Failing, What Are The Solutions To The Access To Justice Crisis In America?, David S. Udell

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Measures Of Justice: Researching And Evaluating Lay Legal Assistance Programs, Tanina Rostain, James Teufel

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Maximizing Housing Stability And Minimizing Evictions: Evidence-Based Models That Keep Tenants In Their Homes And Out Of The Courts, Neil Steinkamp

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A People-Centered Approach To Designing And Evaluating Community Justice Worker Programs In The United States, Matthew Burnett, Rebecca L. Sandefur

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Robots Vs. Predators: Can Generative Artificial Intelligence Help To Address The Justice Gap In Consumer Debt Litigation?, Raymond H. Brescia

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Preparing Future Lawyers To Draft Contracts And Communicate With Clients In The Era Of Generative Ai, Kristen Wolff

Articles

Thank you all for coming today. This is, I think, a really important topic. Important enough that the conference has decided to have two talks on the same topic, and Mark will be presenting on this in the next session, too. I plan on attending because I don’t think you can get enough perspectives on it right now. And hearing this information, I had to attend several talks myself before I really digested it and understood what this was all about. So, I hope that I can give you a little bit of that today. My name is Kristen Wolff. …

Development Potential Of Smes In Poland Selected Aspects Of Age, Diversity And Intellectual Capital Management, Elwira Gross-Gołacka, Izabela Warwas, Justyna Wiktorowicz

Monografie/Monographs

Monografia o charakterze teoretyczno-empirycznym przybliża funkcjonowanie małych i średnich firm w Polsce przez pryzmat wybranych aspektów kapitału ludzkiego. Autorzy szczególną uwagę poświęcili zaprezentowaniu determinant rozwoju oraz czynników sukcesu małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw, roli kapitału ludzkiego w budowaniu trwałej przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstw oraz prezentacji różnorodnych zasobów i relacji pomiędzy kapitałem intelektualnym a zarządzaniem różnorodnością

This theoretical and empirical monograph presents the functioning of small and medium-enterprises in Poland through the prism of selected aspects of human resources. The authors devote particular attention to presenting the determinants of development and success factors of small and medium-enterprises, the role of human resources capital …

Fairness And Fair Use In Generative Ai, Matthew Sag

Faculty Articles

Although we are still a long way from the science fiction version of “artificial general intelligence” that thinks, feels, and refuses to “open the pod bay doors,” recent advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) have captured the public’s imagination and lawmakers’ interest. We now have large language models (LLMs) that can pass the bar exam, carry on (what passes for) a conversation about almost any topic, create new music, and create new visual art. These artifacts are often indistinguishable from their human-authored counterparts and yet can be produced at a speed and scale surpassing human ability.

“Generative AI” …

Exoneration Finance, Kay L. Levine, Russell M. Gold

Faculty Articles

The path to financial compensation for the wrongfully convicted can be complex and time-consuming. Exonerees often struggle to make ends meet and function in free society, let alone navigate serpentine processes while waiting years for the recovery they deserve. Securing the assistance of an attorney is often a critical step, but too few lawyers are willing to risk accepting these complicated cases on a contingency-fee basis—the only way that exoneree-clients can likely pay their lawyers without outside help.

Litigation finance—an important tool for increasing access to justice in tort cases—could help close this access to justice gap for exonerees. In …

Innovator Ecosystem Diversity As A Global Competitiveness Imperative, Margo A. Bagley

Faculty Articles

There are myriad ways that discrimination and bias can combine to profoundly limit inventor participation in the patent process. The utilitarian purpose of patents is to incentivize inventors to invent and disclose, so it makes sense to incentivize as large and as diverse a group as possible in order to maximize the likely output of innovative activity. This incentive is important in terms of our geopolitical aspirations as a country, but hopefully also because of our democratic commitment to provide opportunities for flourishing and reaching one's potential that are available to all.

Analysis On Investor Protection In Myanmar Under The Myanmar Investment Law 2016, Ei Ei Htwe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This paper explores the legal protections offered to foreign investors under the Myanmar Investment Law 2016 (MIL 2016), focusing on how these protections are structured, how they are applied in practice, and how they compare with international and regional standards. The law contains key provisions aimed at creating a stable and transparent investment environment. In particular, Section 47 ensures national treatment for foreign investors, meaning they should be treated no less favorably than local investors in similar situations. Section 48 commits to fair and equitable treatment (FET) and transparency, which are essential for ensuring that government decisions affecting investors are …

Legal Loopholes And Uncertainties Of Nominee Structures Under Foreign Business Law Of Thailand: Comparative Analysis With Austrian Investment Law, Harald Hinterer

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Laws and regulations concerning foreign direct investments in Thailand are at an all-time high. One of the most relevant legal bases for foreign direct investment is the Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 (1999) (the “FBA”), which imposes restrictions on certain business activities. This research paper critically examines the effectiveness of the FBA in regulating foreign direct investment, with particular attention to nominee structures that may be used to circumvent statutory ownership restrictions. While the FBA aims to strike a balance between attracting foreign investment and protecting national interests, by focusing solely on capital shareholding, it contains loopholes which permit a …

ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อค่าธรรมเนียมที่ทนายเรียกในการทำคดี: การศึกษาโดยการสำรวจเชิงทดลองจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างนิสิตคณะนิติศาสตร์และเศรษฐศาสตร์, วทัญญู รักขธรรมวงศ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ค่าธรรมเนียมทนายความเป็นองค์ประกอบสำคัญของระบบยุติธรรม โดยเฉพาะในคดีความที่มีลักษณะที่ไม่สามารถคาดการณ์ผลลัพธ์ได้แน่นอน โครงสร้างและระดับของค่าธรรมเนียมจึงมีบทบาทอย่างยิ่งในการกำหนดแรงจูงใจของทนายความและความสามารถของประชาชนในการเข้าถึงบริการทางกฎหมาย งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อค่าธรรมเนียมขั้นต่ำที่ทนายความยินดีรับทำคดีละเมิด ภายใต้โครงสร้างค่าตอบแทนแบบ Fixed Fee และ Percentage Contingent Fee โดยเน้นการวิเคราะห์จากมุมมองด้านความเสี่ยงและต้นทุนค่าเสียโอกาส ผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่า ปัจจัยด้านโครงสร้างค่าธรรมเนียม โอกาสชนะคดี และระยะเวลาในการทำคดีมีอิทธิพลอย่างมีนัยสำคัญต่อการกำหนดค่าธรรมเนียมขั้นต่ำ โดยเฉพาะในรูปแบบค่าตอบแทนแบบ Contingent Fee ซึ่งทนายความต้องรับความเสี่ยงร่วมกับลูกความ นอกจากนี้ยังพบความแตกต่างเชิงพฤติกรรมระหว่างกลุ่มนิสิตทั้งสองคณะในการประเมินความคุ้มค่าของการรับทำคดี อันสะท้อนถึงมุมมองต่อความเสี่ยงและต้นค่าเสียโอกาสที่ต่างกัน

Annual Security Report For Calendar Year 2023, Illinois State University Police Department

Clery Act Annual Security Report

Illinois State University Police Department Annual Security Report

Can Medical-Legal Partnerships Do More To Advance Reproductive Justice After Dobbs?, Medha D. Makhlouf, Natasha Rappazzo

Faculty Scholarly Works

The medical-legal partnership (MLP) and reproductive justice (RJ) movements both seek to solve complex problems, serve diverse populations with intersectional challenges, and resolve community conditions that impact people’s ability to reach their highest health potential. Yet MLPs have been overlooked as a strategy to advance reproductive health and justice. MLP has distinct advantages for advancing RJ, and many MLPs might already be doing RJ work without referring to it by name. By intentionally adopting an RJ strategy and explicitly addressing the unmet social and legal needs that limit people’s ability to plan their reproductive futures, MLPs can better serve their …

Forbidden Purposes: A New Path For Limiting Criminalization, Raff Donelson

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

Activists and scholars have often complained that the American criminal justice system makes choices about criminalization and sentences based on nefarious reasons. For instance, critics have claimed that criminalization and sentencing decisions are made to provide cheap prison labor to the government or private industry, to boost the private prison industry, to offer employment in rural communities in the form of jobs managing correctional facilities, or to empower police to harass undesirables and remove them from public spaces. These accusations are very alarming, and the evidence may not confirm activists’ worst suspicions. But, supposing the extraordinary evidence could be adduced, …

Life Satisfaction In Motherhood: The Influence Of Mindfulness On Life Stressors, Shyann Schumacher, Shyann M. Schumacher

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Motherhood can be a stressful and highly demanding role. With the challenges a mother faces, many factors can influence satisfaction a mother experiences in their life. Within the many roles mothers play throughout their lives, mindfulness is found to benefit both women and their children and positively influence mothers’ relationships with their children or partner. This study investigated the role of mindfulness within life satisfaction among mothers’ experiences by examining levels of social support, mother’s age, work-life balance, and socioeconomic status as predictors of life satisfaction when moderated by mindfulness. Participants were sampled through social media including Facebook and Instagram. …

Regulating Producers By Randomizing Consumers, Michael B. Abramowicz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Consumer law aims to empower consumers with accurate information and to protect them from misinformation. For complex goods and services, however, mandated disclosure laws and other consumer law tools have had only limited success in helping consumers project their satisfaction and costs. Market responses, such as ratings, have limitations that have prevented them from compensating adequately for consumer law’s shortcomings. This Article describes how regulators could improve measurements of quality and cost by borrowing a tool from drug law: randomization. In designated markets, consumers who accept an incentive to volunteer would be randomized among two or more choices, and the …