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Differences In Student Evaluations From Hybrid And Traditional Courses Jan 2026

Differences In Student Evaluations From Hybrid And Traditional Courses

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Hybrid courses contain online elements in combination with reduced in-class seat time. This study examines differences in student evaluations from hybrid and traditional sections of an introductory course in economic and business statistics. In our hybrid course, face-to-face lectures are replaced with online lectures and class periods are conducted as question-answer and practice sessions. We find strong evidence that students mark down evaluation scores in the hybrid versus traditional format. Markdowns occur across all dimensions of the evaluation instrument.

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The Implementation Of A Terminal Master’S Program In Applied Economics Jan 2026

The Implementation Of A Terminal Master’S Program In Applied Economics

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper examines the impacts of transforming a traditional master’s program into a professionally-oriented, terminal degree program in applied economics. Alumni surveys were conducted before and after the curricular innovation and the results indicate that the change in program provided high quality training that alumni judged to be more relevant to the post-graduate work environment. This case study illustrates that master’s programs in economics can benefit by implementing curricular structures that explicitly serve terminal degree-seeking students while, at the same time, provide elements of training that students destined for the Ph.D. are unlikely to receive in a doctoral program.

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Twitter And The Public Choice Course: A Pedagogical Vignette On Political Information Technology Jan 2026

Twitter And The Public Choice Course: A Pedagogical Vignette On Political Information Technology

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Given the paucity of undergraduate textbooks in public choice, instructors often look for innovative approaches and unique examples when teaching undergraduate courses in public choice economics. This essay offers a pedagogical vignette for undergraduate courses in public choice that deals with the technological development in political information represented by “tweeting.” Twitter offers mobile communications services that some representatives use to boost their stock of political reputation capital.

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Minimizing Resource Costs Under A Gold Standard: From Warehouse Deposits To Deposit Banking Jan 2026

Minimizing Resource Costs Under A Gold Standard: From Warehouse Deposits To Deposit Banking

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

One of the criticisms of the gold coin standard is it entails more resource costs than other systems. Why after all should people have to carry around bags of gold for each transaction and pay to have so much of it stored in vaults? In this piece I will discuss the options of one famous lover of gold, Scrooge McDuck, and discuss how the storage cost criticisms of gold money are unwarranted. A system can easily evolve from one where people held coins to one where they loan their commodity via bankers and earn interest thereby eliminating the large need …

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Npv Simulation: Technical Associates, Inc. Jan 2026

Npv Simulation: Technical Associates, Inc.

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper presents a scenario analysis from an actual firm, one with a substantial level of sophistication. In this firm, input data is regularly created using probability distributions for sales estimates, cost estimates, tax considerations, and depreciation schedules. One limited scenario is presented in this paper - simplistic enough that students are able to concentrate on the mechanics of the simulation, but complex enough to reflect the degree of quantitative capability necessary in a financial analysis group within a company. The lack of a real-world example is thus solved in this paper, and sufficient guidance is given to direct a …

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Finance Professors’ Use Of The Case Method At Harvard And Darden Mba Programs: Ensuring Students’ Technical Knowledge In Finance Courses Using The Case Method Jan 2026

Finance Professors’ Use Of The Case Method At Harvard And Darden Mba Programs: Ensuring Students’ Technical Knowledge In Finance Courses Using The Case Method

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

One of the potential obstacles of using cases in finance courses is the task of ensuring that students receive the required technical knowledge of the quantitative material. This qualitative study provides a unique perspective of the specific recommendations and practices of multiple, seasoned finance professors from Harvard Business School and University of Virginia’s Darden Graduate Business School, two top-ranked MBA programs with long-standing commitments to the case method as their primary philosophy of teaching and learning. The information gleaned from the interviews and classroom observations of this study can assist educators in overcoming potential obstacle of students’ lack of technical …

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Brain-Type, Gender, And Student Success In The Principles Of Economics Jan 2026

Brain-Type, Gender, And Student Success In The Principles Of Economics

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Studies of the impact of gender on student performance in the principles of economics yield ambiguous conclusions. Some studies find that women are less successful than men in the principles of economics, while others conclude that gender is inconsequential. Few, if any, scientific works find women’s performance better than men’s performance. These ambiguities arise because past studies have not considered the distribution of brain-types by gender. This paper addresses the question of which brain-types are more successful in the principles of economics and whether these brain-types can be associated with a particular gender.

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Advancing The Credit Channel And Credit Rationing In The Undergraduate Curriculum: A Useful Model Jan 2026

Advancing The Credit Channel And Credit Rationing In The Undergraduate Curriculum: A Useful Model

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper introduces a model of the lending decision that accounts for credit rationing behavior as it captures fundamental aspects of the credit channel of monetary policy. The model distinguishes between the credit channel’s bank-lending and balance-sheet effects in its representation of how different types of shocks influence lending. It is hoped that the model will facilitate and encourage greater attention in the undergraduate curriculum to the credit channel as well as credit rationing, the significance of both having been accentuated by the recent sub-prime lending crisis and the Fed’s expanded responsibilities in the financial markets.

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Attracting “Otherwise Bright” Women To Economics: An Administrative Strategy For Small To Medium Size Economics Departments Jan 2026

Attracting “Otherwise Bright” Women To Economics: An Administrative Strategy For Small To Medium Size Economics Departments

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper reports on a departmental strategy that targets students in the one-semester introductory economics survey course for non-majors by (1) aggressively marketing the economics degree, and (2) allowing high achieving students to waive the macroeconomic principles requirement for an economics degree. A detailed analysis of 602 student transcripts over a period of 33 years suggests that the waiver policy has not disadvantaged students in subsequent upper-level economics courses. On the contrary, women entering the economics program through the survey course have both significantly improved gender balance and the overall academic performance of economics students

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Gender, Sociocultural Representations Link With Family Structure In Moroccan Arabic Television Advertising, Naima Ouachene Jan 2026

Gender, Sociocultural Representations Link With Family Structure In Moroccan Arabic Television Advertising, Naima Ouachene

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

Advertising is not just a reflection of society; it is a representation of the world. This phenomenon is very similar to what is called, in social psychology, a social representation. In addition, television advertisement in Moroccan Arabic employs elements of social thinking, beliefs, images, stigma or stereotypes that the receiver confronts with their own thinking system. In this regard, it recovers the image assigned to gender in Moroccan society in order to reproduce its own communicative strategies.

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Code-Switching And Figuration Of A Cosmopolitan World In « Le Paradis Français », N’Guessan Konan Lazare Jan 2026

Code-Switching And Figuration Of A Cosmopolitan World In « Le Paradis Français », N’Guessan Konan Lazare

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

Among African authors, the code-switching is manifested, most of the time, in the desire to share with the foreign reader some tropicalities that remind, at the very least, of their double culturality or their bilingualism. They seek, by this means, to make the others discover their cultural and linguistic environments. This didactic concern forces the legitimation of metalinguistic procedures in the structure of their writing. But in Le Paradis français by Bandaman Maurice, the use of code-switching seems to obey other considerations than the diffusion of some tropicalities. Not involving metalinguistic constraints, priorities in others, it reveals, on the contrary, …

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Improving Student Performance In Business Statistics Courses With Online Assessments Jan 2026

Improving Student Performance In Business Statistics Courses With Online Assessments

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

We study the impact of online assessments on student performance in business statistics courses. We quantify the degree to which students take advantage of various online opportunities to improve their quiz grades and estimate its effect on in-class exam scores. We also study the perceptions of students regarding online assessments using anonymous surveys. We find that students believe that multiple attempts at online quizzes help them learn the material, and for the most part take advantage of these opportunities to improve their quiz grades. Furthermore, the effect on exam performance is positive and significant.

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The Textbook Adoption Process By Economics Professors Jan 2026

The Textbook Adoption Process By Economics Professors

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Textbooks are an integral component of the higher education process. This study examines the textbook selection process and the marketing techniques used by publishers to encourage adoption. A total of 134 survey responses were collected. Results indicate that content, ancillary materials, length of the textbook and textbook costs are the primary drivers of adoption. Examination copies, contact by book reps, and direct mail flyers were the best methods of encouraging economics faculty to examine a new textbook. Significant differences were found based on years of teaching experience, rank, and the institution’s student enrollment.

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Characterizing Student Finance Organizations-A Survey Of Fma Chapters Jan 2026

Characterizing Student Finance Organizations-A Survey Of Fma Chapters

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This manuscript presents the results of a survey of faculty advisors of student chapters of the Financial Management Association International (FMA). The institutions, advisors, and chapters are characterized in an effort to better understand how institutions serve their students—through the management of chapters and also how institutions provide that service through assignment of faculty advisors. The evidence indicates that chapters provide a wide-range of services and opportunities to students through the chapters, yet there appears to be differing perspectives as to the role, nature, and assignment, of chapter advisors.

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Recent Trends And New Evidence In Economics And Finance Education Jan 2026

Recent Trends And New Evidence In Economics And Finance Education

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The teaching of pre-college economics has been widely researched for over 45 years with studies focused upon teacher training and improving students’ understanding. This paper reviews that research base, and reports the results of a new national survey, as well as a summary of several recent developments in the field of economic education. Young people can learn economics best when taught by knowledgeable teachers using well developed curriculum materials. But, to accommodate expanding state requirements, pertinacious state bureaucracies must increase teacher training and curriculum standards.

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The Supply Of Loanable Funds: A Comment On The Misconception And Its Implications Jan 2026

The Supply Of Loanable Funds: A Comment On The Misconception And Its Implications

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Recently Fields-Hart publish two articles on interest rate determination in this journal. In both articles, they analyze interest rates on the basis of an unconventional definition of the supply of loanable funds. In this note we argue that their concept of the supply of loanable funds based on “spillover from the money market” is a gross misunderstanding of the concept. Although Fields-Hart considered their concept as “critically important part of their story,” the results in their first article are independent of this mistake. However, their second article continues this misconception and hence yields invalid results.

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The Effectiveness Of Casual Group Learning In Introductory Finance Tutorials Jan 2026

The Effectiveness Of Casual Group Learning In Introductory Finance Tutorials

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Many universities require introductory financial management for undergraduate business majors. This study measures whether classroom study groups have a more positive effect on student perceptions and performance than traditional teacher driven classes. As an alternative to traditional tutorial teaching, Classroom Study Groups is an application of casual group learning and is consistent with Constructivist learning theories. The study reports significant differences between the two approaches, with student engagement and satisfaction reported at higher levels amongst those students involved in the traditional, teacher-led approach, and no significant difference between the two in regard to student performance. Interesting relationships are found between …

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Testing Equity Portfolios For Alpha Bias: An Exercise For Student Investment Funds Jan 2026

Testing Equity Portfolios For Alpha Bias: An Exercise For Student Investment Funds

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

We present an exercise that that guides students through the rationale and techniques for identifying and correcting for alpha bias in the reported performance of equity portfolios. The exercise is particularly relevant for Student Investment Fund programs that invest actual money, as the historical performance of the class portfolio can be used in the activity, which creates an additional level of engagement for students. Students learn why portfolios that emphasize smallcapitalization and/or value stocks tend to display a positive alpha bias (overstating performance), and why portfolios that emphasize largecapitalization and/or growth stocks tend to display a negative alpha bias (understating …

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Teaching Bond Valuation: A Differential Approach Demonstrating Duration And Convexity Jan 2026

Teaching Bond Valuation: A Differential Approach Demonstrating Duration And Convexity

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

A traditional bond pricing scheme used in introductory finance texts is simple enough but not necessarily intuitive. The differential approach suggested here presents premiums (discounts) as coupon interest over- (under-) payments to make bond pricing dynamics more intuitive. The primary pedagogic benefit is the differential approach demonstrates the more sophisticated bond valuation concepts of duration and convexity.

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Is There A Link Between Performance In International Economics Courses And Academic Success? Jan 2026

Is There A Link Between Performance In International Economics Courses And Academic Success?

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper uses a sample of 6,470 students and Maximum Likelihood Estimation to determine the relationship between grades received in international economics courses and academic success of business majors. The results indicate that the grades earned in international economics courses as well as the number of international economics courses are significant and positive determinants of students’ final GPA.

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A Spreadsheet Application To Evaluate The Performance Of Protective Puts Jan 2026

A Spreadsheet Application To Evaluate The Performance Of Protective Puts

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper presents a spreadsheet application for performance evaluation of three put strategies adopted in practice. In contrast to the single-period protective put found in finance textbooks, these strategies roll over short maturity options over an extended period. The spreadsheet application provides the instructor with a pedagogical tool to illustrate and explain the measurement of insurance costs, the asymmetric impact of the options on the return distribution of the stock, the impact of exercise price on downside protection and upside reduction, and the dependence of the return on the put strategy on the stock price path.

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A Probabilistic Model For Measuring Stock Returns And The Returns From Playing Lottery Tickets: The Basis Of An Instructional Activity Jan 2026

A Probabilistic Model For Measuring Stock Returns And The Returns From Playing Lottery Tickets: The Basis Of An Instructional Activity

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Many individuals indicate that playing the lottery is a legitimate way to generate wealth, including retirement savings. We offer a methodology designed to create interactive learning activities comparing the results of playing the lottery versus investing in stocks to create wealth. To emphasize the stochastic nature of investment and lottery returns, we employ a Monte Carlo simulation that draws from probability distributions created from lottery payoffs and historical stock returns. The model results demonstrate, visually and numerically that stock investments generally outperform the lottery in generating wealth.

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A Brief Introduction To Marginal Analysis For The Micro-Economics Principles Course Jan 2026

A Brief Introduction To Marginal Analysis For The Micro-Economics Principles Course

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This brief note provides a simple, yet powerful example of how the marginal cost/marginal benefit principle can be used in everyday life. Using the decision of the optimal choice of speed on the highway, this note was developed for use as one of the first readings in an introductory microeconomics course. It is clear in this demonstration that marginal cost is increasing, while marginal benefit is decreasing, and how the intersection of these two curves shows the optimal choice. In addition, shifts in the curves can easily be demonstrated as an introduction to supply and demand.

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The Syntax Of Weak Rectors In Classical Arabic: The Case Of Thought Verbs, Mouhcine Amraoui Jan 2026

The Syntax Of Weak Rectors In Classical Arabic: The Case Of Thought Verbs, Mouhcine Amraoui

Faits de Langue et Société (FLS)

The weak rection is a syntactic behavior that characterizes verbs indicating a mental or psychological attitude towards the content of a proposition. These are verbs that do not have a real syntactic power over their complements. This article examines the mechanisms of weak rection in classical Arabic, focusing on thought verbs, and highlights the syntactic and semantic specificities that distinguish them from other verbal structures.

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The Naimbian Holocaust: Genocide Ignored, History Repeated, Yet Reparations Denied, Kenneth L. Lewis Jr. Jan 2026

The Naimbian Holocaust: Genocide Ignored, History Repeated, Yet Reparations Denied, Kenneth L. Lewis Jr.

Florida Journal of International Law

This Essay will analyze the atrocities committed by Germany in Namibia and examine whether Germany’s conduct was unlawful under international law.

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Ipot: Is China Interfering With U.S.-Mexican Efforts To Reduce Organized Crime?, Kevin Snow Jan 2026

Ipot: Is China Interfering With U.S.-Mexican Efforts To Reduce Organized Crime?, Kevin Snow

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article will examine whether or not providing international protection for cannabis-based intellectual property of U.S.-Mexican corporations and nonprofits could reduce organized crime. Part I of this comment will discuss North and Central American law and enforcement practices against manufacturers, and Part II will compare it with Chinese law and practices. Part III will conclude.

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The Role Of The International Criminal Court In Implementing The Responsibility To Protect, Yejoon Rim Jan 2026

The Role Of The International Criminal Court In Implementing The Responsibility To Protect, Yejoon Rim

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article aims to discuss the relationship between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and Responsibility to Protect (R2P), focusing on the role of the ICC in implementing R2P. It will first examine the evolution of R2P and the ICC respectively, and actual cases that relate these two frameworks to each other. After examining their common threads and features, it will then seek to situate the ICC as one of the mechanisms for the implementation of R2P. The ICC will be considered with three components encompassed in R2P implementation—the responsibility to prevent, the responsibility to react, and the responsibility to rebuild. …

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An Analysis Of The People's Republic Of China's Foreign Investment Law And Foreign Direct Investment In Shanghai's Free Trade Zone, Omar R. Gutierrez Jan 2026

An Analysis Of The People's Republic Of China's Foreign Investment Law And Foreign Direct Investment In Shanghai's Free Trade Zone, Omar R. Gutierrez

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article will explain how the megacity of Shanghai, China is currently developed and ever progressing, which is key to attracting foreign investors and continuing to build a world leading financial center. Additionally, this article will revisit the setbacks China experienced under rule by Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. This article will then fast forward in time to present day China and Shanghai to describe the initial open door reforms that created specialized “zones,” which was a petri dish for China to experiment with foreign investment. The largest section of this article will cover China foreign investment law and its …

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Combating International Terrorism, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi Jan 2026

Combating International Terrorism, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi

Florida Journal of International Law

The first part of this Article will scrutinize the characteristics and explanations of “international terrorism” given by different organizations and renowned scholars, and it will discuss the scopes of those definitions. The second part will further elaborate on the subject with the political deliberation of terrorist events, the criminalization of terrorism and the derogation from fundamental human rights in the absence of an actual state of emergency. The third part will analyze the acts of international organizations and the international community, and their scope in combating terrorism. The fourth part will consist of concluding observations.

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Lead Levels In Fingernails Of Hemodialysis Patients And Healthy Individuals In Karbala, Iraq: A Biomonitoring Study Using Icp Oes, Baker A. Joda, Rusul Jaafar, Rana Hameed, Hiba Sadeq Alheloo, Sadeq Jaafar Hasan Dwenee Jan 2026

Lead Levels In Fingernails Of Hemodialysis Patients And Healthy Individuals In Karbala, Iraq: A Biomonitoring Study Using Icp Oes, Baker A. Joda, Rusul Jaafar, Rana Hameed, Hiba Sadeq Alheloo, Sadeq Jaafar Hasan Dwenee

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The use of non-invasive media to evaluate the association between trace elements and diseases has spread in recent centuries. Fingernail samples were collected from 103 individuals, including both healthy participants and those undergoing hemodialysis, residing in Karbala, Iraq, and ranging in age from 21 to 75 years. The concentrations of lead were determined using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES). Statistical analyses using F-tests and two-tailed t-tests were conducted to examine the effects of health status, gender, smoking status, and their interactions on lead levels in washed fingernails. The concentrations of Pb in washed fingernails of healthy …

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