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Neutrosophic Hyper Ku-Ideals, Ramesh D. Kumar, M. Vasu

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper introduces the concepts of neutrosophic hyper KU-ideals, including strong, weak, and strong-weak neutrosophic hyper KU-ideals, as well as reflexive neutrosophic hyper KU-ideals within the framework of hyper KU-algebras. Fundamental properties of these structures and the relationships among them are investigated in detail. Special attention is given to the study of neutrosophic weak hyper KU-ideals and the conditions under which a neutrosophic set qualifies as a neutrosophic strong hyper KU-ideal (NSHKUI) or a reflexive neutrosophic hyper KU-ideal. The paper further establishes necessary conditions for a neutrosophic weak hyper KU-ideal (NWHKUI) to become a neutrosophic strong-weak hyper KU-ideal (NsWHKUI), as …

Neutrosophic Πgγ* Closed Sets In Neutrosophic Topological Spaces, K. Sakthivel, A. Gomathi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper introduces and investigate the notion of Neutrosophic πgγ* closed sets within the framework of Neutrosophic topological spaces. The study begins defining Neutrosophic πgγ* closed sets and proceeds to investigate their fundamental properties and characterizations. Special attention is given to examining how these sets interrelate with and extend existing classes of Neutrosophic closed sets. By establishing inclusion relations and comparative hierarchies, the paper highlights the significance of Neutrosophic πgγ* closed sets in broadening the structural understanding of Neutrosophic topologies. Furthermore, several illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the distinctive features of these sets and to clarify their role in …

Neutrosophic Quadruple Metric Spaces And Neutrosophic Quadruple Normed Spaces, Memet Şahin, Arif Sarıoğlan, Amanzholova Alina Bolatkyzy

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study establishes fundamental results in the emerging domains of neutrosophic quadruple metric spaces and neutrosophic quadruple normed spaces. Building upon the recent definition of neutrosophic quadruple metric spaces, the first primary contribution is the development of fixed-point theory within this generalized framework. Specifically, we formulate and rigorously prove an analogue of the Banach contraction principle tailored for neutrosophic quadruple metric spaces. Furthermore, we establish additional fixed-point theorems applicable in this context, extending foundational results from classical metric spaces and simpler neutrosophic structures to handle the increased complexity and uncertainty modeled by quadruple-valued neutrosophic sets. The second major contribution involves …

Role Of Clans In The Proximities Of Neutrosophic Sets, R. Subasree, K. Basari Kodi, Giorgio Nordo, K. Subramanian, N. Nagamani

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this study, the terms filters, grills, clans, and proximities of neutrophic sets are defined. Further some of its properties are investigated and the results are provided.

Nonagonal Neutrosophic Number: Analytical Aspects And Its Role In Optimization Technique For Transportation Problem, B. Sincy, V. M. Riya

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Neutrosophic numbers have received increasing attention from researchers and industrialists to address the indeterminacy and uncertainty inherent in real-life decision-making. This study aims to solve the transportation problem where supply, demand and transportation costs are Nonagonal Neutrosophic Numbers (NNNs). In the existing literature, various methods have been introduced to solve transportation problems (TPs) involving neutrosophic parameters. The application of Nonagonal Neutrosophic Numbers to transportation problems is a relatively recent development. NNNs offer a more detailed and adaptable representation of uncertainty by utilizing a nine-parameter structure that captures the degrees of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. Therefore, in this paper, we solve …

Integral Type Contractive Condition In E-Chainable Neutrosophic Metric Space And Common Fixed Point Theorem, Rajesh Kumar Saini, Mukesh Kushwaha, Moh. Kasim

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Nonlinear Optimization, Game theory, economics and study of differential equations are just a few of the many domains in which fixed point theory (FPT) is essential. It is possible to construct new forms of infinite products by using continuous triangular norms (TN) and continuous triangular co-norms (TC). Banach contraction principal has been established in the context of neutrosophic metric space (NMS) within the framework through the use of these newly define infinite products. We introduced integral type contractive condition in -chainable NMS and establishes a common fixed point theorems (CFPTs) in the current work. The result acquired in this study …

Operations On Pythagorean Neutrosophic Fuzzy Matrix, V. Surya, Sophia R. Porchelvi

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This article discusses various unique varieties of Pythagorean neutrosophic fuzzy matrices (PNFM). Some fundamental operations such as addition, multiplication, union, intersection, complement, and exponen tial are discussed. This work introduces algebraic operations on PNFM and demonstrates some of its associated theorems, including distributive, commutative, and associative. The purpose of these investigations is to con tribute to a better understanding of PNFM and its use in real-world uncertainty.

The Α-Discounting (Α-Dmcdm) As An Extension Of Ahp, Topsis, Vikor, Promethee, And Weighted Sum, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This paper presents a comprehensive study of the α-Discounting Multi-Criteria Decision Making (α-D MCDM) method, an extension of the classical Multi-Criteria Decision Making framework designed to address inconsistencies and complex preference structures in decision analysis. Traditional methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and related MCDM techniques perform effectively when decision makers provide consistent pairwise comparisons; however, real-world decision problems frequently involve inconsistent, n-wise, interval-valued, or non-linear preference relations that exceed the capabilities of classical approaches. The proposed α-D MCDM method introduces a global discounting parameter α, which transforms inconsistent systems of preference equations into solvable algebraic models while …

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 98, 2026, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Abdel-Baset, Maikel Leyva-Vázquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This edition of “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” presents a diverse collection of studies that contribute to the theoretical development and practical application of neutrosophic, fuzzy, hypersoft, and generalized algebraic systems in complex decision-making and information analysis environments. The published works explore innovative mathematical structures, including generalized neutrosophic topological spaces, neutrosophic algebraic systems, hypersoft and dual hesitant frameworks, multi-valued and n-fold algebraic models, and advanced decision-making methodologies designed to address indeterminacy, inconsistency, vagueness, and multidimensional uncertainty. Several contributions introduce new classes of neutrosophic closed sets, contra continuous mappings, and generalized algebraic operators, extending existing theories in topology, algebra, and set theory. …

Implementing Population Health Management (Phm) Across An Integrated Care System In England, Using Action Learning Sets And An Embedded, Formative Process Evaluation., Julian Elston, Sheena Asthana, Felix Gradinger

Peninsula Medical School

AbstractIntroduction: Population Health Management (PHM) is a UK priority for Integrated Care Systems (ICSs), aiming to deliver proactive, preventative, person-centred care using integrated health and care datasets. However, evidence on implementation in primary care remains limited.Methods: This comparative case study used embedded researchers, ethnography, interviews, and observations to formatively evaluate a 24-month PHM programme across 31 Primary Care Networks in one ICS. Data were thematically analysed using Excel and NVivo, with findings fed back to participants to guide programme delivery.Results: Around 200 stakeholders participated in Action Learning Sets, fostering cross-sector collaboration within four localities. Few innovations, developed using integrated datasets, …

High Performance Ae-Cnn Model Enhanced Via Gaussian Augmentation For Rssi-Dependent Indoor Positioning In Wireless Sensor Networks, Kahlaa K. Al-Nassrawy, Ghaidaa A Al-Sultany

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Precise indoor positioning system remains a significant challenge within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to the instability and noise sensitivity of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) data. This paper proposes an advanced hybrid deep learning framework designed for 2D indoor localization, utilizing RSSI measurements to predict human or object position. Furthermore, to enhance the robustness of the model against signal variance and promote its generalization capability under this uncertainty, a data augmentation strategy is applied using three methods: Gaussian Noise Injection (GNI), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), and Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (BGMM). The purpose of data augmentation is to simulate …

Critical Perspectives On Refugee And Migrant Integration In Education: Grassroots Narratives From Multiregional Settings, Karen Paul

International Journal of Human Rights Education

In Critical Perspectives on Refugee and Migrant Integration in Education: Grassroots Narratives from Multiregional Settings, edited by Marcus Otto and Tania Saeed (2025), integration is not treated as a neutral educational goal but as a contested, politically loaded term shaped by displacement, migration, and social division. Developed within the Peace and Human Rights Education series, through the Georg Arnhold Program, the volume brings scholars and practitioners into dialogue. The contributors include university-based researchers, educator-scholars, and practice-based professionals working in education and related fields. Together, they explore how education operates simultaneously as a space of possibility and exclusion. Rather than …

Pushing The Boundaries Of Human Rights Education: Concepts, Challenges And Contexts, Gabriela Rojas-Martinez

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Pushing the Boundaries of Human Rights Education is an edited collection of chapters that seeks to challenge conventional approaches to human rights education (HRE). The volume argues that teaching human rights as neutral, universal, or primarily legal concepts is insufficient given contemporary global realities, including widening inequality, climate crisis, and enduring colonial power relations. The editors and contributors, who work at the intersections of HRE, global citizenship education (GCE), and participatory education, collectively push beyond HRE as curriculum delivery toward a critically engaged, justice-oriented pedagogy grounded in lived realities. Across the collection, the authors contend that dominant HRE frameworks often …

The Politics Of Human Rights: The Quest For Dignity In The 21st Century, Martina Caretta

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Human rights are often presented as universal moral principles, yet their protection remains deeply uneven across political, social, and institutional contexts. This raises important questions: are human rights truly universal, or have they become utopian in practice? At their core, human rights can be understood as the minimum conditions required for a dignified human life. Since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948, following the atrocities of World War II, the international community has expressed a shared commitment to a world free from hunger, violence, and oppression, and grounded in access to healthcare, education, and …

Black Panther Woman: The Political And Spiritual Life Of Ericka Huggins, Stacey C. Ault, Susan Roberta Katz

International Journal of Human Rights Education

As human rights educators from different generations and racial identities, we wanted to read and review Black Panther Woman about Ericka Huggins for different but equally powerful personal reasons. For Stacey, her best friend, Dr. Linda Garrett, was a Black Panther scholar, making her, as a Black  woman, interested in learning more about Ericka as a mother, comrade, and activist. For Susan, Ericka’s case in the 1970s profoundly impacted her political consciousness as a White college student and motivated her commitment to social justice activism. For all readers of the International Journal of Human Rights Education, we strongly recommend this …

Healing In Brave Spaces, Brian Arao, Michiko Kealoha, Jose Napoles

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This article explores the evolution of the "brave space" framework, moving beyond its original application in social justice education to purposefully integrate a human rights-based approach to healing and community repair. Amidst increasing global divisiveness and legislative volatility, the authors argue that access to community healing is an intrinsic human right and a critical state of mental and social well-being. By centering the concept of "transformative agency," the paper illustrates how educators and administrators can utilize brave space praxis to analyze systemic trauma, foster interconnectedness, and restore human dignity.

The authors draw upon personal narratives and professional experiences in higher …

Research In Action: Building Bridges Between Human Rights Education And Community-Engaged Research. Reflections From The Field, Lawrence Legaspi, Amy M. Argenal

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This paper shares reflections from a community-engaged research project conducted in partnership with a local organization, aiming to understand community perspectives on policing and LGBTQ+ inclusion. The project was initiated in the classroom and speaks to the importance of engaged learning and research when understanding human rights struggles. My experience working with a local nonprofit, particularly in social justice and higher education contexts, informed my approach to this project. Through this role, I learned the importance of amplifying community voices, creating collaboration, and integrating higher educational learning into advocacy work. These reflections highlight the ethical responsibilities inherent in conducting research …

Danza Azteca As A Form Of Resistance To White Settler Colonialism, Miguel Martínez

International Journal of Human Rights Education

White settler colonialism is a systematic process by which Europeans and their descendants migrate to and settle in a new land with the explicit expectation of taking over the land, regardless of any Indigenous peoples that may live on the land (Speed, 2017; Wolfe, 2006). The Indigenous people who reside there can be exploited for labor, removed, exterminated or some combination of the three. In the process of settling the land, the settlers rename places, transform land use, create a new sense of cultural identity, and work to eliminate any remnants of what had existed prior to their arrival. Indigenous …

The Rights Of The Child: The Actual Situation In German Schools, David Rott, Daniel Bertels

International Journal of Human Rights Education

There is consensus on the importance of respecting children’s rights, particularly within the school environment. Children’s rights are implemented differently across countries. This article examines the current status of children’s rights in the German school system. However, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is often only partially implemented in everyday schooling and educational work in Germany. This overview describes the integration of children’s rights into the German school system and their consideration in the domains of protection, promotion, and participation. Studies in the respective areas and school-based implementation options are presented. The article offers recommendations …

From Exclusion To Agency: Human Rights Education And Social Reintegration Through The Escola Dos Meninos E Meninas Do Parque (Brasília, Brazil), Welder De Oliveira Araujo

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This article presents a reflection on the praxis of Human Rights Education (HRE) at the Escola dos Meninos e Meninas do Parque in Brasília, Brazil, a public school that serves street children, young people, and adults. The article examines how flexible, participatory and student-centred pedagogical strategies promote autonomy, dignity and social reintegration among marginalized learners. By analyzing everyday practices, challenges and institutional strategies, the study highlights the transformative potential of HRE in contexts of social exclusion and offers insights for educators and policymakers seeking inclusive and rights-based educational approaches.

Crimmigration Pedagogy In An Age Of State Violence: Reclaiming Human Rights Education In Public Health And Social Work, Juan Carlos Ruiz Malagon, Belinda Marie Hernandez-Arriaga, Alonso R. Reyna Rivarola

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This essay calls for a transformative shift in public health and social work education to confront the racialized violence embedded in U.S. immigration enforcement, especially intensified during the second Trump administration (2025 -2029). Policies and enforcement events like the reinstated Remain in Mexico program and the widespread ICE raids in Los Angeles are part of a troubling rise of "crimmigration," which blends immigration and criminal law. This merging has normalized cruelty, heightened legal insecurity, and fostered fear within immigrant communities, leading to a sharp increase in mass detentions and deportations. Despite the sociopolitical reality, many public health and social work …

Human Rights Education And Humanitarian Constraints: The Case Of Education In The Unrwa Schools, Anthi Pantazi, Zina Nimeh

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This study explores the implementation of UNRWA’s Human Rights, Conflict Resolution and Tolerance (HRCRT) education program. It examines the extent to which the program achieved its stated objectives, shedding light on the challenges it faces and how these might be addressed. Drawing on policy documents, program materials, and expert interviews with UNRWA stakeholders and human rights educators, the results show that while HRCRT has improved students’ theoretical understanding of human rights, its purported transformative potential is limited by political constraints, donor influence, and insufficient inclusion of refugee voices. The program’s most successful element is the school parliament system which showcases …

Mayan Language Pods: Language Preservation As A Human Right With Indigenous Latinx Mothers And Their Children, Johanna Estrella, Rosa M. Jiménez

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Public schools are facing a new diaspora of immigrant students entering their schools—Indigenous Latinx youth. There is considerable literature on immigrant communities and immigrant students, particularly the Latinx origin youth who are overwhelmingly classified as “English Learners.” Much less attention has been paid to Indigenous immigrant youths’ educational and lived experiences. In response, indigenous families are seeking alternative ways to preserve their language and culture. This qualitative study documents a planned non-formal language preservation project with Mam Indigenous mothers and their children. Using Human Rights in Education (HRE) and Linguistic Rights frameworks, we analyze the Mam Language project as a …

From Bars To Bytes: Ai, Digital Dignity, And The Fight For Incarcerated Youth’S Futures, Karima M. Almazroui

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Over 1.4 million youth enter detention annually, confronting what scholars term a digital death sentence, exclusion from the literacies and infrastructures that underpin education, employment, and civic participation. This empirically grounded mixed-methods study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) in carceral education either reinforces surveillance or enables rehabilitation, demonstrating that outcomes depend less on algorithmic sophistication than on the ethical, pedagogical, and governance contexts in which AI is deployed.

Drawing on comparative data from the United States, Japan, Norway, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the research integrates cross-national policy analysis, 78 semi-structured interviews, quantitative outcome measures, and participatory action research …

Human Rights Education, Racism And Early Childhood Education In Brazil: A Systematic Review, Ana Tereza Ramos De Jesus Ferreira, Juliene Madureira Ferreira

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Brazil was the last country in South America to put an end to the 388-year slave trade. To justify the trade of people from Africa, a series of actions were taken to dehumanize the Black  population, namely racism. Thus, the culture, religion, clothes, and phenotypical characteristics of Black people were considered inferior to those of the White race, and this continues to impact the lives of the Black population, which suffers from social inequality, low-quality education, and low-paid jobs up to this day. Therefore, this review aims to investigate Brazilian literature on activities in early childhood education (ECE) to fight …

‘Sprung From The Land Itself’: Rooted Human Rights Education As Critical Global Citizenship Praxis, Monisha Bajaj, David A. Tow

International Journal of Human Rights Education

This article discusses the field of Human Rights Education (HRE) and its intersections with the field of Global Citizenship Education (GCE), both now more than 60 years into their existence as discourse and practice communities. We trace the emergence of transformative, critical, and decolonial forms of HRE and offer a new conceptual framework for Rooted HRE. Rooted HRE offers a transformative approach to fostering critical global citizenship (CGC) by embedding global frameworks within the immediacy of local struggles. It draws on critical perspectives of global citizenship (Andreotti, 2011; Gaudelli, 2016), Transformative Human Rights Education (THRED) (Bajaj et al., 2016), and …

Volume 10, Monisha Bajaj, Jazzmin C. Gota, David A. Tow

International Journal of Human Rights Education

No abstract provided.

Dampak Yuridis Pertimbangan Eko Nomis Dan Cakrawala Sosiologis. Ratifikasi -Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organiza Tlon/ Wto·Oleh Indonesia, Agus Brotosusilo

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Making Fun Of The Leader Of The Free World: South Park And Its Critique Of Donald Trump, Kenneth H. Mcmillen

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

South Park is one of the cornerstones of American television. It also is a show that doesn’t shy away from controversy or social commentary. In its runtime it has taken aim at celebrities, world leaders, movements, and entire groups of people. The latest of its targets is President Donald Trump, who has been one of the central subjects of the shows two 2025 seasons. To examine how these episodes manage to critique trump so thoroughly without alienating his supporters, I ask the following research question: How does South Park use parody to make critiques about Donald Trump’s ego?  I …

Effects Of A Context-Based Intervention On Sidelining Teacher Bias Towards Students With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Marisa Kortright

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

This study aims to investigate the impact of an empathetic intervention on pre-service teachers to minimize bias against students diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Behaviors typically associated with ADHD, such as inattention and hyperactivity, correspond to two primary categories that teachers identify as disruptive in the classroom (Sun & Shek, 2012). Numerous studies have demonstrated evidence of discrimination in the classroom against students diagnosed with ADHD (Cortnett-Ruiz & Hendricks, 1993; Metzger & Hamilton, 2021). Moreover, teachers frequently report feeling unprepared to support these students and experience increased stress levels (Green et al., 2002; Kirchhoff, 2023). Context-based interventions have successfully sidelined …