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UC Law Journal

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UC Law Journal

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Global Tax Decluttering, Shu-Yi Oei, Diane M. Ring

UC Law Journal

Major global players—most prominently the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and European Union—have recently begun advocating that countries “declutter” their tax systems to tidy up, repeal, or eliminate pre-existing domestic anti-abuse tax rules. The reasoning is that these country-level rules are now duplicative or burdensome in light of a new global tax agreement spearheaded by the OECD and G20 and multilaterally agreed upon in 2021 by over 140 countries. Yet, this new multilateral regime is still in the process of being rolled out and is entirely untested.

In this Article, we examine this recently emergent “tax decluttering movement” …

The Impact Of Framing Effects And Moral Values On Prosocial Engagement, Olajuwon Olagbegi

Dissertations

Framing effects can shape perceptions, beliefs and behavior, particularly in prosocial contexts. The current study examined how language framing (social justice, social activism, volunteerism) and moral values influence interest in prosocial engagement across low- and high-cost helping scenarios. Participants (N = 219) were randomly assigned to one of three framing conditions and reported willingness to help in both low- and high-cost situations. They also completed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Replicating prior work (Olagbegi and colleagues, 2024), participants were more willing to engage in low- than high-cost helping. Across conditions, social justice framing elicited the greatest willingness to help. Higher fairness …

Lecture Recital: Josepha Auernhammer, Bonnie Littlejohn

Honors Theses

This lecture recital highlights the work of the classical Viennese composer and contemporary of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Josepha Auernhammer (1758-1820). After an introduction to Auernhammer’s life and a brief overview of her compositional output, her Six Variations on “Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja” [I am the birdcatcher] and Harpsichord Sonata in A Major are discussed, diving into the work’s cultural context and intriguing compositional elements. A performance of the compositions concludes the lecture recital.

Responsive Rigor And Strategic Care: Faculty Praxis For Holistic Student Success In The Community College, Jennifer Kelley

Library Scholarship

This qualitative study examines how community college faculty conceptualize, communicate, and enact academic rigor and care in their teaching practice. While post-pandemic debates have positioned rigor and care as opposing forces—evident in the "Rigor Wars" that framed care as performative laxity and rigor as gatekeeping—community college faculty successfully integrate these practices to support holistic student success. This research addresses critical gaps in higher education scholarship, which has studied rigor and care separately, focused primarily on four-year institutions, and overlooked faculty perspectives on how integration occurs in practice. Drawing on a single-case study of 38 faculty members at a large Midwestern …

Collaboration And Betrayal: Pius Xi And A Changing World, Nathan B. Higgins

Honors Scholar Theses

From the negotiations over the 1929 Lateran Accords to the start of World War II in 1939, the Holy See delicately navigated a turbulent diplomatic period. In the preceding century, the Catholic Church saw much of its temporal power decline as European states became more secular, and the pope lost the Papal States during the Risorgimento. Amid the decline in station, the rise of atheistic communism in Russia, Mexico, and Spain posed an existential to the Church, which Pope Pius XI would challenge during his pontificate. To confront this threat, he would work alongside Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany …

Herbivory Of Phragmites Australis Along A Salinity Gradient In Connecticut Wetlands, Sydney H. Kolz

Honors Scholar Theses

Invasive Phragmites australis (common reed) is widely distributed in New England wetlands, where it often outcompetes native plants and decreases biodiversity throughout the food web. Controlling its invasion is a priority, especially in salt marsh habitat, but current management techniques are inefficient. Leveraging natural processes may improve control strategies, but in order to do so, we must first better understand how abiotic and biotic stressors interact and affect Phragmites. This study focuses on herbivory and salinity, two factors limiting Phragmites’ fitness. I measured soil salinity and quantified the damage of three herbivore guilds (i.e. gall-formers and stem-borers, leaf-chewers, and …

Mosdef-3d, Natalie Lam, Alice E. Shapley, Ryan L. Sanders, Tuan Do, Tucker Jones, Alison Coil, Mariska Kriek, Bahram Mobasher, Naveen A. Reddy, Brian Siana, Leonardo Clarke

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present spatially resolved rest-frame optical emission line maps of four galaxies at z ∼ 2 observed with the Keck/OH-Suppressing Infra-Red Imaging Spectrograph to study the physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM) at cosmic noon. Our analysis of strong emission line ratios in these galaxies reveals an offset from the local star-forming locus on the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich diagram but agrees with other star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts. Despite the offset toward higher [O iii] λ5008/Hβ and [N ii] λ6585/Hα, these strong line ratios remain consistent with or below the maximum starburst threshold even in the inner ∼1 kpc region of …

Raising Awareness Of Senior Transportation Services In Monterey County, Daisy Prado

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Transportation barriers limit access to vital health and social services, especially for older adults. This capstone at Independent Transportation Network Monterey County (ITNMC) in Salinas focused on supporting older adults and those with visual impairments through volunteer-based rides, enabling independence and well-being. The project aimed to increase ITN awareness by sharing volunteer and rider stories on social media, building connections, and encouraging involvement. Social media presence grew, though limited time and structure hindered full implementation. Still, the foundation built is worth continuing to build. Intentional outreach can make a difference. With stronger planning, community support, and sustained effort, ITN can …

Community-Based Substance Use Prevention Handbook, Rachael M. Kupper

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

In Santa Cruz County, too many youth have issues with substance use and abuse. These issues extend beyond Santa Cruz County, but the county exhibits trends similar to those observed nationwide. Community members face challenges related to knowledge and the ability to organize effectively. The YEAH unit (Youth Empowerment Action for Health) and CPP (Community Prevention Partners) are working to address youth substance use, but need help from community members in the smaller jurisdictions across the county. This requires building workgroups across the county, composed of community members, parents, and professionals. The project is a roadmap handbook for forming a …

Increasing Student-Athletes’ Awareness On Mindset, Kayla A. Young

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Many college student-athletes lack awareness of  the benefits associated with maintaining a growth mindset. Individuals who are unaware may have lower resilience, poor motivation, and poor habits. College students-athletes who develop and maintain a growth mindset are likely to engage in good decision making and sustain their drive towards success, academically and athletically. In order to address this issue, I have created a one-day workshop for female college track and field student-athletes at California State University Monterey Bay in Seaside, California.

The Impact Of Art Integration On The Cognitive Development And Creativity Of K-8 Students, Logan Pierson

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The integration of the arts into education has a beneficial effect on K-8 students’ cognitive development and creativity. However, there is a lack of recognition of art in schools because there is no standardized way to test if students are learning from the information being taught. The focus of my project is to find what art is being taught currently in classrooms for K-8 students and how teachers know they are impacting their students. If teachers are using an art-related curriculum in their core subjects, how are they integrating it, and why is it not as popular compared to other …

Supporting Stress Management In First-Year College Students, Maria Cardenas Martinez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Many students entering college lack the coping and emotional regulation skills needed to manage college life effectively. By understanding stress, learning effective coping,  and using emotional regulation strategies, students can maintain positive mental health, adapt to new situations, and succeed academically and personally. However, without these skills, they may experience emotional dysregulation, anxiety, depression, be overwhelmed, and have concentration problems that can negatively affect their well-being and college success. Therefore, I created a one-day workshop for first-year seminar students at California State University, Monterey Bay, in Seaside, California.

Enhancing Emotional Regulation With Breathing Exercises And Body Movement, Katheryn Sani

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Some young elementary school children have not yet developed skills in responding appropriately to their feelings. Without proper emotional awareness and regulation skills, children may struggle with conflict management, peer relationships, and classroom behavior. By learning to recognize their own emotions and triggers, emotional meltdowns can be redirected, and disruptions in the classroom environment can be reduced. In order to address this issue, I have created a two-day lesson for second-grade students at Olson Elementary in Marina, California.

Addressing College Students Stress Through Coping Strategies, Daisy Valdez Martinez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

College students often experience stress due to time management, responsibilities, and finances. This stress can negatively impact them by leading to mental health issues and affecting their academic performance. This capstone focuses on creating a plan in which students are able to handle stressful situations and have greater awareness of stress. The workshop taught students about common stress factors, the impact they have on students, how to manage negative thoughts, and coping strategies. Participants completed activities such as creating their own stress bubbles, a negative and helpful thought worksheet, and a Kahoot quiz on coping skills. Results showed that students …

Understanding Imposter Syndrome As First Gen: Navigating Higher Education, Jocelyn Solar-Villarreal

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Some first generation college students may experience imposter syndrome. Clance & Imes (1978), Imposter syndrome is defined as feeling like a fraud despite the amount of success. Students with imposter syndrome may have feelings of a lack of belonging and a lack of support, which can decrease their ability to succeed. When first generation students learn about imposter syndrome and how to address it, they are able to learn healthy coping mechanisms that can help combat the syndrome and also learn to interpret their experience as part of the learning experience instead as a sign of inadequacy. First generation students …

Healing Words: A Resilience Memoir By The Watsonville Women, Teresa L. Munoz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Women in Watsonville face preventable health risks exacerbated by limited access to consistent physical activity and holistic wellness practices. This capstone project was conducted in collaboration with a local non-profit organization, Growing Greatness, that provides wellness-focused programming in organized group activities. This program serves Watsonville families and primarily supports women from underserved communities who are at greater risk of chronic health conditions due to socioeconomic and environmental factors. This project developed a memoir that documents the participants' experiences in activities such as bike riding, camping trips, and retreats that include yoga, hiking, tai-chi, meditation and other restorative activities. The purpose …

Expanding Nature Access For Underserved Communities, Natalie Garcia

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Too few children in Soledad have regular access and connection to outdoor spaces, leading to increased stress and fewer opportunities for positive mental health outcomes. This capstone project was implemented at Ventana Wildlife Society through the Nature Coach Pilot Program, promoting mental health through individualized outdoor plans throughout Monterey County. The program primarily serves underserved communities with limited access to local parks and outdoor resources, while also being open to the general public. The purpose of this project was to support the implementation of the Nature Coach Pilot Program by increasing awareness of accessible green spaces and encouraging engagement in …

Benefits Of Contemporary Literature On Literacy And Cognitive Development In Elementary School Students, Autumn R. Hemenway

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The purpose of this capstone research project is to examine the benefits of contemporary literature on the literacy and cognitive development of elementary school students. Contemporary literature includes modern texts that reflect diverse experiences, identities, and real-life issues that students can relate to. This study reviews academic articles and interviews with elementary school teachers and school librarians to explore how these resources influence vocabulary development, reading comprehension, student engagement, and critical thinking. The findings indicated that contemporary literature supports literacy growth by increasing student motivation and connection to reading, while also promoting cognitive development through interpretation, perspective taking, and deeper …

Effects Of Access And Equity In Resources Allocation On Marginalized Elementary School Students., Giovanni Alcaraz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The purpose of this capstone is to examine the effects of access and equity in resource allocations on marginalized students. Given the struggles students face when they lack the same resources as other students, this study discusses how this impacts students' learning and education, and how it would benefit them if they had greater access to resources. Through a literature review and a case study, the findings revealed that students with fewer resources are more likely to drop out of college or university, and they are mostly from poor communities because they lack sufficient resources to support themselves. However, the …

Supporting Wellness At Pantries: Enhancing Nutritional Literacy And Healthy Food Choices, Veronica M. Martinez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

High living costs and limited access to funds contribute significantly to food insecurity among families in Santa Cruz County, where many residents spend over 60% of their income on rent. This project addressed the critical need for increased nutritional literacy and knowledge to give participants food choices to help prevent chronic health risks. The purpose of this internship project was to develop educational resources and knowledge to empower community members to make healthier food choices despite systemic financial barriers. The project was implemented in collaboration with local stakeholders (Pajaro Valley Unified School District), including the Second Harvest Food Bank Santa …

Impact Of Dual Immersion Program On The Academic Achievement Of Elementary School Students, Juliana G. Carreto

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

This study examines the impact of the dual immersion program on the academic achievement of elementary school students in reading, mathematics, and Spanish. Through literature reviews, classroom observations, and interviews with teachers and a principal, the results indicate that students in the dual immersion program do well and often outperform those in the traditional program. Besides student engagement and interest in learning, students in the dual immersion program gain problem-solving, memory, and critical thinking skills, as well as proficiency in both English and Spanish, despite their initial struggles in the 90/10 model. As a result, the dual immersion program positively …

The Effects Of Teaching History Through A Culturally Sustaining Lens On K-5 Students, Jessica Bazor

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The current canon in many aspects of the US education stemmed from that of the white male, but with the country becoming more diverse it is becoming more important that children are taught about history through the lens of other cultures as well. This senior capstone research project examines the effects of teaching history through a culturally sustaining lens on K-5 students. Through the use of literature review, anonymous student surveys, and interviews with an array of educators, the findings indicated that by bringing in more diverse viewpoints, children are encouraged to be more analytical and more engaged in learning …

Effects Of 1:1 Smart Device Usage On K-8 Student Learning And Long Term Retention, Cole D. Young

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The widespread adoption of 1:1 smart device initiatives in K-8 classrooms across the United States has coincided with growing national concern over declining student literacy, reading comprehension, and long-term retention. This capstone research paper examines the effects of smart device integration on K-8 student learning and retention through two complementary methods: a review of peer-reviewed academic literature and a series of interviews conducted with five educators working across a range of grade levels and school contexts. The literature review identifies a tension between the documented benefits of smart device use. Also a series of educator interviews, conducted with teachers spanning …

Streamlining Client Information For Post-Conviction Relief In Monterey County, Selena Lopez Arizmendi

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

This capstone project addresses barriers to record clearing services that impact recidivism and reentry outcomes in California. Individuals with criminal records often face challenges in securing employment, housing, and stability, increasing the likelihood of continued justice system involvement. The Clean Slate Program at the Monterey County Public Defender’s Office provides post-conviction relief services to help reduce these barriers. Although Proposition 47 funding ended in February 2026, program services have continued. This project identified a need for a standardized, client-friendly informational resource, as key information has historically been communicated verbally, limiting understanding and retention. To address this gap, a concise Clean …

Building The Bridge: A Trauma Informed Supportive Presentation For Parents & Caregivers Of Adolescent Children Who’Ve Experienced Trauma, Cynthia Rodriguez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Children exposed to trauma often face significant adverse effects on their development and well-being when parents/caregivers lack emotional support to their children. The purpose of this capstone project was to develop and implement a psychoeducational presentation designed to teach parents the basics of trauma-informed care principles and practical strategies to help support their children who have experienced trauma. A virtual live presentation approach, including educational evidence-based, trauma-informed curriculum to a set of participants who identify themselves as caregivers or parents. The presentation was evaluated by personal interviews to determine if the participant was satisfied  and would benefit from the presentation. …

Understanding Challenges Faced By Refugee Women And Women With Experiences Of Forced Migration In Entrepreneurship In The Midwest Region Of The United States, Ritu Jadwani

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The labor market participation of refugee women was only 6%. The United States had the maximum employment rate for the refugee women population, which was 40%, as compared to 6% in Germany, Lebanon, and Jordan (Kabir & Klugman, 2019). Refugee women faced many challenges in labor force participation and especially in entrepreneurship. As demonstrated by Desai, Naude, and Stel (2020), refugees faced challenges like cultural integration, language barriers, level of education, and acceptance of education merits. This eventually led to disparities in income generation. Thus, many either remained in low-paying jobs or started their own business (Desai et al., 2020). …

Detection Of Changes In Short Narratives, Presley Priddy

Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Narrativity and object association have been extensively researched in the past to determine how changes in a text impact reader interpretation. In this research, we attempted to establish a relationship between the relation of an object to a character situated in a particular narrative context and the detection of inconsistencies presented in the given story. Participants read texts that either associated or dissociated an object with a character, within a high or low-narrative context. Reading times were measured on critical sentences that were inconsistent with the placement of previously dissociated objects. When presented with object inconsistencies in highly narrative stories, …

Navigating New Environments: Acculturative Stress And Substance Use Among International Vs Domestic Students From Latino/A Backgrounds, Madelyn R. Null

Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

College students can experience a range of cultural and social pressures that could relate to their alcohol and cannabis use. Latino/a international students may face unique challenges as they adjust to campus environments in the United States (U.S.), yet little research has compared their substance use patterns to those of Latino/a domestic students. Therefore, the present study aims to examine whether: (a) Latino/a international and domestic students differ in their alcohol use, (b)they differ in their cannabis use, and (c) acculturative stress moderates the relationship between international student status and these substance use behaviors. Latino/a undergraduates (n=440; Mage=20.55; female=71%; international=21%) …