Digital Commons Network^™

Associations Between Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy And Resistance And Social Media Engagement, Katherine O'Keefe

Nursing

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. More than 13 million Americans are infected each year. Typically, HPV infections will resolve without treatment, and many infected individuals are asymptomatic. However, in some cases, these infections can lead to penile, oral, vaginal, cervical, and/or anal cancer. With the rise in HPV infection rates, the need for vaccination is crucial in prevention of HPV-related infections and cancers. The CDC recently changed HPV vaccine guidelines to include individuals ages 27-45. Regardless of guideline changes, HPV vaccination rates are lower than other recommended vaccines, which may be due …

Initiation Of An Adolescent School-Based Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Prevention Program, Morgan Schneider

Nursing

The leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States is tobacco product use. The 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey, which was completed in 2022, showed that the e-cigarette epidemic among youth continues to remain a public health threat. The survey revealed that over 2.5 million middle and high school students currently use e-cigarettes. The purpose of this project was to provide youth with evidence-based education in a classroom setting. The education was designed to increase participant knowledge about health-related concerns of ENDS products, decrease participant intent to use ENDS products, and foster sustainability through training a …

Implementation Of Interprofessional Education: Respiratory Management In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Brooke Campbell

Nursing

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells, leading to muscle weakness, including weakness of respiratory muscles. Respiratory issues significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of persons with ALS. Therefore, respiratory management is a critical aspect of care. There is a concerning lack of awareness and knowledge among rural and urban healthcare professionals regarding the respiratory management of persons with ALS. Healthcare professionals need to understand the differences between oxygenation and ventilation and the importance of following evidence-based guidelines. Nurse practitioners play a crucial role in the care of a person with ALS, overseeing …

Enhancing Walkability In Medora: Analyzing Mobile Phone Data To Improve Walkability And Identify Critical Infrastructure Needs For Rapid Growth In Medora, Nd, Sunita Budhathoki

Landscape Architecture Theses

Medora, North Dakota, nestled in the heart of the Badlands. The town of Medora has grown to be a favorite among travelers looking for a genuine experience because of its distinctive combination of scenic natural beauty and cultural attractions. Currently, the Theodore Roosevelt Presidential Library is under construction, with an estimated cost of $300 million. The project aims to create 100s of jobs and anticipates attracting thousands of monthly visitors upon completion. So, the town needs to enhance its walkability, amenities, and infrastructure to maintain the growing number of visitors. As urbanization continues to change the look and feel of …

Drug-Resistant Epilepsy And Ketogenic Diet Therapy – A Qualitative Study Of Families’ Experiences, Jennifer H. Carroll, Tracey Parkin, J. Helen Cross, Mary Hickson, Emma Williams, Val Aldridge, Avril Collinson

School of Health Professions

Background: A diagnosis of drug-resistant epilepsy is life changing for a family. Ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) can offer hope when other treatments have failed. However, it often requires a significant change in daily routine and dietary habits. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore families’ experiences of epilepsy and KDT. Methods: Parents of a child aged ≤18 years with epilepsy, currently or recently treated with KDT, were recruited from the UK and internationally via UK Ketogenic Diet (KD) centres, charities, and social media. Semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymised, coded using Nvivo (V12), and inductive thematic analysis undertaken. …

The Effectiveness Of Motor-Motor And Motor-Cognitive Dual-Task Training Interventions On Balance In People With Parkinson’S Disease: Rct Design, Feasibility, And Acceptability Testing, Nesibe Cakmak

School of Health Professions Theses

Background: Dual-task training (DTT), utilized in motor-motor (M-DTT) and/or cognitive-motor (C-DTT) forms, has been identified as an effective and safe approach to improve balance in people with Parkinson’s disease (pwPD). Studies which investigate the superiority of the effectiveness of M-DTT and CDTT interventions, however, are lacking. To determine superiority there is a need to design a randomized control trial (RCT). This PhD study, therefore, had two aims. Firstly, to design home-based M-DTT and C-DTT interventions for improving upright balance in people with mild to moderate PD. Secondly to test the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions, outcome measures, and the …

Modelling The Spatial Risk Pattern Of Dementia In Denmark Using Residential Location Data: A Registry-Based National Cohort, Prince M. Amegbor, Clive E. Sabel, Laust H. Mortensen, Amar J. Mehta

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Dementia is a major global public health concern that is increasingly leading to morbidity and mortality among older adults. While studies have focused on the risk factors and care provision, there is currently limited knowledge about the spatial risk pattern of the disease. In this study, we employ Bayesian spatial modelling with a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approach to model the spatial risk using complete residential history data from the Danish population and health registers. The study cohort consisted of 1.6 million people aged 65 years and above from 2005 to 2018. The results of the spatial risk map …

Cheating And The Effect Of Promises In Indian And German Children, Patricia Kanngiesser, Jahnavi Sunderarajan, Jan K. Woike

School of Psychology

Cheating is harmful to others and society at large. Promises have been shown to increase honesty in children, but their effectiveness has not been compared between different cultural contexts. In a study (2019) with 7- to 12-year-olds (N = 406, 48% female, middle-class), voluntary promises reduced cheating in Indian, but not in German children. Children in both contexts cheated, but cheating rates were lower in Germany than in India. In both contexts, cheating decreased with age in the (no-promise) control condition and was unaffected by age in the promise condition. These findings suggest that there may exist a threshold beyond …

Study Protocol For Measuring Stigmatization In Persistent Tic Disorders: Development And Validation Of The Tourette Discrimination-Stigmatization Scale, Jaclyn M Martindale, Victor M Ringheanu, Kelly A Pring, Sandra Norona, Kimberly Wiseman, Roy E Strowd, Leah Chapman, Joseph Rigdon, Stephen R Rapp, Eric A Storch, Edward Ip, Jonathan W Mink

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: Persistent Tic Disorders such as Tourette Syndrome are common neurodevelopmental disorders that are highly stigmatized. Many individuals with Persistent Tic Disorders experience peer rejection, loneliness, and self-stigma. Experiencing stigmatization during childhood can influence the persistence of moderate-to-severe tics later in life. Additionally, these factors have been associated with increased suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and psychiatric symptom severity. There is a need for interventions to reduce stigma and stigmatization in Persistent Tic Disorders. Before developing cost-effective interventions to mitigate stigma's profound downstream health impacts, a reliable measure of stigmatization must be created. The overarching goal of this research is to …

"A Double-Edged Sword": A Brief History Of Genomic Data Governance And Genetic Researcher Perspectives On Data Sharing, Kayte Spector-Bagdady, Kerry A Ryan, Amy L Mcguire, Chris D Krenz, M Grace Trinidad, Kaitlyn Jaffe, Amanda Greene, J Denard Thomas, Madison Kent, Stephanie Morain, David Wilborn, J Scott Roberts

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

As the federal government continues to expand upon and improve its data sharing policies over the past 20 years, complex challenges remain. Our interviews with U.S. academic genetic researchers (n=23) found that the burden, translation, industry limitations, and consent structure of data sharing remain major governance challenges.

Effects Of Bioprosthetic Valve Fracturing On Valve-In-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Transvalvular Gradients, Osama Hallak, Karley Fischer, Shaina Ailawadi, Damian Valencia, Yan Yatsynovich, Raja Nazir, Brian Schwartz

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: Valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is quickly becoming a routine and effective means by which to treat degenerated bioprosthetic valves. A known complication of ViV-TAVI is patient-prosthesis mismatch, which substantially affects survival. Bioprosthetic valve fracture is a method by which to reduce the risk of patient-prosthesis mismatch and post-ViV-TAVI transvalvular gradients. This study sought to determine the safety and efficacy of post-ViV-TAVI bioprosthetic valve fracture.

METHODS: Patients with a history of surgical aortic valve replacement undergoing ViV-TAVI bioprosthetic valve fracture (N = 25) at the corresponding institution from 2015 to 2022 were cataloged for a retrospective analysis. …

Outcomes For Patients With Head And Neck Sarcoma Treated Curatively With Radiation Therapy And Surgery, Alison K Yoder, Ahsan Farooqi, Devarati Mitra, J Andrew Livingston, Dejka M Araujo, Erich M Sturgis, Ryan Goepfert, Andrew J Bishop, B Ashleigh Guadagnolo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) of the head and neck (H&N) are rare malignancies that are challenging to manage. We sought to describe the outcomes of patients treated with curative intent using combined surgery and radiation therapy (RT) for H&N STS.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: We performed a single-institution retrospective review of patients with nonmetastatic STS of the H&N who were treated from 1968 to 2020. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate disease-specific survival (DSS) and local control (LC). Multivariable analyses (MVAs) were conducted using Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS: One hundred ninety-two patients had a median follow-up of 82 …

Preserving Oral Health, Khrystyna Vyprynyuk, Renata Budny

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

New York State Climate Impacts Assessment: 04 Buildings, Nicholas B. Rajkovich, Carrie Brown, Ilya Azaroff, Erik Backus, Shannon Clarke, Jared Enriquez, Bethany Greenaway, Meghan T. Holtan, Jamal Lewis, Ozgem Ornektekin, Laurie Schoeman

Publications and Research

New York State has nearly 5.3 million buildings, and all of them are vulnerable in some way to the impacts of climate change. Understanding these impacts is critical, because risks to buildings not only threaten individual lives but also pose threats to community-level resilience. This chapter examines the impacts of climate change on buildings and, by extension, the people and communities they shelter and support. It also highlights building types and populations that are at particular risk and presents adaptation strategies to protect the state’s existing and future building stock from climate impacts.

Enhancement Pattern Mapping For Early Detection Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patients With Cirrhosis, Newsha Nikzad, David Thomas Fuentes, Millicent Roach, Tasadduk Chowdhury, Matthew Cagley, Mohamed Badawy, Ahmed Elkhesen, Manal Hassan, Khaled M Elsayes, Laura Beretta, Eugene Jon Koay, Prasun Kumar Jalal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Limited methods exist to accurately characterize the risk of malignant progression of liver lesions. Enhancement pattern mapping (EPM) measures voxel-based root mean square deviation (RMSD) of parenchyma and the contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratio enhances in malignant lesions. This study investigates the utilization of EPM to differentiate between HCC versus cirrhotic parenchyma with and without benign lesions.

METHODS: Patients with cirrhosis undergoing MRI surveillance were studied prospectively. Cases (n=48) were defined as patients with LI-RADS 3 and 4 lesions who developed HCC during surveillance. Controls (n=99) were patients with and without LI-RADS 3 and 4 lesions who did not …

Stroke Survivors’ Telemedicine Experiences During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Investigation, Barbara Kimmel, Annette Walder, Anette Ovalle, Chethan P Venkatasubba Rao, Sean I Savitz, Mark Goldberg, Steven Warach, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Daiwai M Olson, Jane A Anderson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: This study aimed to describe stroke survivors' experiences receiving telemedicine visits at the Lone Star Stroke Consortium during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was applied to gather patients' telemedicine experiences through in-depth interviews, using a study guide. Audio-recorded interviews were conducted via ZOOM and transcribed verbatim. Two independent reviewers used the Giorgi descriptive method to analyze the data and search for the essence of stroke survivors' follow-up telemedicine experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS: Fifteen underserved patients were recruited: mean age, 51.8 (15.7), and 9 (60%) females. Three themes emerged: (1) vivid memory …

Choosing Your “Healthiest” Embryo After Dobbs: Polygenic Screening And Distinctive Challenges For Truth In Advertising And Informed Consent, Dov Fox, Sonia Suter, Meghna Mukherjee, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Polygenic embryo screening ("PES") analyzes embryos for hundreds or thousands of genomic loci to generate risk scores that estimate genetic susceptibility to conditions and traits compared to the general population. The technology is commercially marketed directly to consumers. Companies focus mostly on medical conditions, sometimes in ways that oversell its advantages and efficacy, encouraging fertility patients to "choose your healthiest embryo" and "protect your future child from genetic risks." The advertising of PES trades on norms of children's health and good parenting and reinforces those normative ideals. While it is easy to assume PES will be constrained in practice by …

Development Of A Multi-Level/Multi-Modal Intervention For Health Care Transition Preparation, Beth H Garland, Mary Majumder, Constance M Wiemann, Blanca Sanchez-Fournier, Jordyn Babla, Albert C Hergenroeder

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Aims: Health care transition (HCT) to adult care and young adult disease self-management is a multi-step process involving three major stakeholders - the adolescent, the caregiver, and the provider. Preparation gaps exist within each of these stakeholder groups. This paper presents the development of the Intervention to Promote Autonomy and Competence in Transition-aged Youth (IPACT), a multi-level (adolescent, caregiver, provider), multi-modal (interactive skill building sessions, educational materials, videos) intervention to address gaps in all three stakeholder groups simultaneously and help support achieving the three core elements of HCT planning.

Methods: Eight processes were utilized to develop the IPACT intervention, including …

Mitral Valve Regurgitation In Klippel-Feil Syndrome With Related Thoracic Deformity, Yuki Endo, Yoshiei Shimamura, Hiroshi Niinami

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Klippel-Feil syndrome, characterized by congenital fusion of any 2 or more cervical vertebrae, is a rare disorder in which skeletal and other organ system-related abnormalities have been reported. This article reports a case of mitral valve regurgitation in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome and related thoracic deformity who underwent mitral valvuloplasty. Postoperatively, the mitral valve regurgitation disappeared, and there has been no recurrence for 3 years. This case highlights mitral valvuloplasty via median sternotomy as an excellent treatment for mitral valve regurgitation in a patient with thoracic deformity related to Klippel-Feil syndrome.

Patient Perceptions On The Advancement Of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing For Sickle Cell Disease Among Black Women In The United States, Shameka P Thomas, Faith E Fletcher, Rachele Willard, Tiara Monet Ranson, Vence L Bonham

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) designed to screen for fetal genetic conditions, is increasingly being implemented as a part of routine prenatal care screening in the United States (US). However, these advances in reproductive genetic technology necessitate empirical research on the ethical and social implications of NIPT among populations underrepresented in genetic research, particularly Black women with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Methods: Forty (N = 40) semi-structured interviews were conducted virtually with Black women in the US (19 participants with SCD; 21 participants without SCD) from June 2021 to January 2022. We employed a qualitative approach to examine the …

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Among Individuals Of Hispanic And Latin American Ancestry: Cultural Considerations For Assessment And Psychotherapy, Olivia J Morris, Andrew D Wiese, Caitlin M Pinciotti, Rosa Pacheco, Mayra C Martinez Mallen, Ethan J Schweissing, Keaton J Soileau, Latin American Trans-Ancestry Initiative For Ocd Genomics (Latino), Brazilian Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Work Group (Gttoc), James J Crowley, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Research specific to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) among individuals of Hispanic and Latin American (H/L) ancestry is limited, as are culturally relevant assessment and treatment recommendations. This article discusses the implications of underrepresentation of H/L populations in OCD research and emphasizes the need to consider issues related to assessment, treatment, and structural barriers that hinder delivery of culturally appropriate first-line psychotherapy. Recommendations for assessment and treatment are provided to aid clinicians in distinguishing culturally normative thoughts and behaviors from OCD, as well as to inform the implementation of psychotherapeutic interventions with cultural humility. This manuscript offers recommendations for future research to …

Public Perspectives On Investigative Genetic Genealogy: Findings From A National Focus Group Study, Jacklyn Dahlquist, Jill O Robinson, Amira Daoud, Whitney Bash-Brooks, Amy L Mcguire, Christi J Guerrini, Stephanie M Fullerton

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) is a technique that involves uploading genotypes developed from perpetrator DNA left at a crime scene, or DNA from unidentified remains, to public genetic genealogy databases to identify genetic relatives and, through the creation of a family tree, the individual who was the source of the DNA. As policymakers demonstrate interest in regulating IGG, it is important to understand public perspectives on IGG to determine whether proposed policies are aligned with public attitudes.

Methods: We conducted eight focus groups with members of the public (N = 72), sampled from four geographically diverse US regions, …

Teacher Retention And Quality In The Four-Day School Week, Andrew Camp

Education Reform Faculty and Graduate Students Publications

The four-day school week is a school calendar that has become increasingly common following the COVID-19 pandemic. Proponents of the calendar often claim that offering teachers a regular 3-day weekend will help schools better retain existing teachers and recruit new teachers to their district without incurring additional costs due to higher salaries or other pecuniary benefits. However, there is scant empirical evidence assessing these claims. I use difference-in-differences and synthetic difference-in-differences models to assess the impact of four-day school week calendars on teacher retention and teacher quality in Arkansas. I find evidence that the calendar may help retain teachers who …

The Use Of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (Flim) For In Situ Microbial Detection In Complex Mineral Substrates, Yekaterina G. Chmykh, Jay Nadeau

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The utility of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for identifying bacteria in complex mineral matrices was investigated. Baseline signals from unlabelled Bacillus subtilis and Euglena gracilis, and Bacillus subtilis labelled with SYTO 9 were obtained using two-photon excitation at 730, 750 and 800 nm, identifying characteristic lifetimes of photosynthetic pigments, unpigmented cellular autofluorescence, and SYTO 9. Labelled and unlabelled B. subtilis were seeded onto marble and gypsum samples containing endolithic photosynthetic cyanobacteria and the ability to distinguish cells from mineral autofluorescence and nonspecific dye staining was examined in parallel with ordinary multichannel confocal imaging. It was found that FLIM …

Nonlinear Changes In Facial Affect And Posttraumatic Growth: Assessment Of Ecological Momentary Assessment Video Data, Aaron M. Harwell, David Pincus, Bernard P. Ricca, Emmeline Taylor, Charles C. Benight

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Posttraumatic Growth (PTG), characterized by newfound meaning, perspective, and purpose for trauma survivors, remains enigmatic in its nature. This state is thought to arise from the dynamic interplay of biopsychosocial factors; however, the nature of this interplay is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between PTG and facial affect dynamics, shedding light on the complex interplay of biopsychosocial factors that underpin this transformative process. We conducted a comprehensive investigation involving 19 wildfire survivors who provided daily self-reported PTG ratings alongside smartphone videos analyzed using Automated Facial Affect Recognition (AFAR) software. Our findings revealed compelling evidence of self-organization …

Justice Via Chat? How Litigants’ Preferences And Attorneys’ Recommendations Influence The Choice To Use Online Dispute Resolution, Andrea C. F. Wolfs, Donna Shestowsky

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

There is a significant need for empirical evidence concerning how litigants compare and choose between various modalities of online dispute resolution (ODR) and traditional in-person mediation for resolving legal disputes. To fill this need, we examined three potentially relevant psychological factors: (a) baseline attitudes toward in-person, video, and text-based mediation; (b) past communication style used by litigants; and (c) expert advice via attorney recommendations. We utilized a 2 × 3 × 3 design with communication style as a between-subjects variable, mediation modality as a within-subjects variable, and attorney recommendation randomized as either aligning with or differing from the participant’s baseline …

Associations Between Positive Affect And Physical Activity From Young Adulthood To Midlife: A 25-Year Prospective Study, Farah Qureshi, Laura D. Kubzansky, Ying Chen, Jackie Soo, Eric S. Kim, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Julia K. Boehm

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective: Positive affect may influence health by promoting physical activity, but evidence evaluating this association is mostly cross-sectional and cannot discern directionality. This study used a counterfactual-based framework to estimate the causal effect of positive affect on physical activity patterns over 25 years, accounting for potential reverse associations. Method: Data were from 3,352 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Repeated assessments of positive affect and physical activity were collected from 1990 to 2016. Longitudinal associations were evaluated in two ways: (a) using baseline positive affect in traditional linear mixed models that accounted for reverse causal …

Adding Value To Crop Production Systems By Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing, Robert B. Mitchell, Daren D. Redfearn, Kenneth P. Vogel, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen Erickson, P. Steven Baenziger, Bruce E. Anderson, Mary E. Drewnoski, Jay Parsons, Steven D. Masterson, Marty R. Schmer, Virginia L. Jin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, Nebraska, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for …

Corrigendum: Combining Charlson Comorbidity And Vacs Indices Improves Prognostic Accuracy For All-Cause Mortality For Patients With And Without Hiv In The Veterans Health Administration, Kathleen A Mcginnis, Amy C Justice, Vincent C Marconi, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, Ronald G Hauser, Krisann K Oursler, Sheldon T Brown, Kendall J Bryant, Janet P Tate

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1342466.].

Compare And Contrast The Intent Of Hacking Vs Penetration Testing, Kehinde Alabi

Harrisburg University Other Works

No abstract provided.