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Evaluation Of The Oxidative Effect Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) On Patients With Type 1 Diabetes, With And Without The Use Of Gadolinium Contrast Agent, Dunya Ali Mustafa

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most prevalent chronic autoimmune diseases, which is characterized by the progressive destruction of insulin-secreting β cells. Evidence indicates that repeated or high-dose exposure to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCAs) during MRI can result in long-term tissue deposition and increased oxidative stress.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the oxidative effects of MRI exposure in patients with type-1 diabetes, before and after gadolinium contrast, for different time intervals, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) as an electrochemical analysis tool.

Materials and Methods: The study was performed at Ghazi Al-hariri Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, from January to …

Plasma Vegf-A, Vegfr-2, And Asprosin Levels In Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes, Safaa Shehab Ahmed, Ishtar Imad Majeed, Muhammad Talib Hussein, Amany Lotfy Omar, Dhuha Khaled Hadid, Maha Radam Lateef

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is marked by endothelial dysfunction and disrupted glucose metabolism. VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 drive vascular repair, while asprosin contributes to insulin resistance.

Objectives: This study explored the association of these biomarkers in individuals with poorly controlled T2DM.

Methods: The study included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 60 age-matched healthy controls (45–65 years). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured using a Roche Cobas Integra 400 Plus analyzer. Serum levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, and asprosin were quantified using ELISA.

Results: T2DM patients exhibited significantly elevated serum levels of VEGF-A, …

Molecular Characterization And Genotyping Of Candida Species Isolated From The Nasal Cavity Of Patients With Nasal Infections In Iraq, Amran M. Al-Erjan, Hind Tahseen Ibrahim

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Nasal infections are commonly associated with opportunistic microorganisms, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Candida species.

Objectives: This study aimed to molecularly characterize Candida species isolated from the nasal cavity of patients with nasal infections and to determine their phylogenetic relationships using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

Methods: A total of 88 nasal swab samples were collected from patients aged 1–80 years in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq, between December 2023 and March 2024. Samples were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Mannitol Salt Agar. Yeast isolates were identified phenotypically using CHROMagar Candida and germ tube tests. Molecular identification and genotyping were …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Toward Pharmacovigilance And Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Healthcare Professionals In Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hajir Karim Abdul-Husseein, Noor Abdalwahd Abood, Karam Akram Al-Akkam

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Pharmacovigilance is critical for approving medication safety; yet, underreporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remains common.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals in Karbala and Babylon, Iraq, using a structured paper-based questionnaire.

Materials and Methods: This study utilized healthcare professionals in Holy Karbala and Babylon to explore their demographic profiles, pharmacovigilance knowledge, attitudes, and reporting practices. Results: Among 194 participants, most demonstrated positive attitudes toward ADR reporting, but notable gaps in knowledge and reporting behavior were observed. Pharmacists showed significantly higher knowledge levels than other professions, and formal training was …

Association Between Stress And Prolactin Hormone Levels: A Mini-Review, Sara Salah Mahdi, Huda S. Abdulghani

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

The physiological functions of prolactin are highly varied, despite the fact that it is most commonly recognized for its participation in the inhibition of reproduction and the regulation of breastfeeding. The conditions known as hyperprolactinemia can have a variety of origins, some of which are physiological and others of which are pathologic. The following are examples of physiological causes: pregnancy, breastfeeding, sleep-related, stimulation of the nipples and sexual orgasm, stimulation or trauma to the chest wall. Another significant physiological factor that contributes to hyperprolactinemia is stress, and the clinical importance of this factor is currently being investigated. This paper aims …

Antibiotic Resistance And Sensitivity Patterns In Pneumonia Pathogens: A Comprehensive Study Of Bacterial Isolates And Their Implications For Treatment In Diyala Province, Anfal Abd_Ulmunem Rasheed, Anfal Shakir Motib, Rafid Abdul-Mahdi Hasani

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Pneumonia is an inflammatory process affecting the airways and lung parenchyma, characterized by alveolar inflammation that leads to infiltration and consolidation of the lungs and disruption of gas exchange, which may result in respiratory distress.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the bacterial species that cause pneumonia and to determine their antibiotic resistance patterns.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study assessed antibiotic resistance among patients with pneumonia in Diyala Province. Patients were identified from hospital and laboratory records over a four-month period (December 1st, 2024 - March 29th, 2025), yielding 100 patients, comprising 55 males and 45 females.

Results: The …

Molecular Detection Of Virulence Genes And Antibiotic Resistance In Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli: Focus On Babylon Province, Iraq, Lara Hashem Abdzaid, Tiba Habeeb Saifi, Jwan Ahmed Ali, Layth Jasim Mohammed, Isaac Karimi

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect individuals of all ages, with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being their primary causative agent. The accumulation rate of antimicrobial resistance poses a major public health challenge, underscoring the need for genetic monitoring of resistant strains.

Objectives: This study aimed to find virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in UPEC.

Materials and Methods: 110 patients, including 65 females and 45 males, aged 15 to 40 years, were screened for UPEC at Al-Hilla city between January and March 2025. Urine samples were collected to identify E. coli and to analyze associated virulence factors.

Results: Biochemical tests confirmed …

Fragile Hope And The Cultural Life Of Law, Shefali Jain

Socio-Legal Review

This review of Sandhya Fuchs’ Fragile Hope: Seeking Justice for Hate Crimes in India (Stanford University Press 2024) highlights that the book makes a genuinely original ethnographic and conceptual contribution to caste studies and hate crime scholarship. At the same time, the essay argues that there are three limitations to its framework that require greater engagement: the book’s failure to engage with the legal consciousness tradition in socio-legal scholarship, an underdeveloped account of “legal meliorism,” and an unresolved tension between the book’s stated commitment to victim-centred analysis and its ethnographic evidence that frequently discusses movement-level aspirations.

Artificial Intelligence Empowers Particle Physics And Nuclear Physics: From Fundamental Research To Major Applications, Yifang Wang, Yuan He, Yao Huang, Wanbing He, Yi Jiao, Congqiao Li, Ke Li, Beijiang Liu, Yingqi Ma, Yugang Ma, Longgang Pang, Fazhi Qi, Sichao Tan, Chunpeng Wang, Meng Wang, Xiaoheng Xu, Xing Xu, Zhentang Zhao, Yingxun Zhang, Zhengde Zhang, Hongwei Zhao, Lina Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Particle physics and nuclear physics are core foundational disciplines for exploring the fundamental structure of matter and the origin of the universe. The deep integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is providing entirely new pathways to address systemic challenges such as the processing of massive amounts of multimodal data, the realization of extreme experimental conditions, bottlenecks in theoretical calculations, and the intelligent control of large-scale scientific facilities. The article systematically elaborates on how AI deeply empowers particle physics and nuclear physics, particularly in major application scenarios such as research on the fundamental structure and origin of mass of matter, the …

Consolidating Chemical Substance Creation Capability Through Ai For Science-Enabled Innovation Equity, Mengchu Jin, Wandong Wang, Jun Zhang, Yi Luo, Zaiku Xie, Jinlong Yang, Jun Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

AI for Science (hereinafter referred to as AI4S) is driving profound changes in the paradigm of scientific research. Chemistry, as a central discipline for creating new substances and supporting major national strategic needs such as energy, health, dual carbon goals, advanced manufacturing, and ecological governance, is an important application scenario of AI4S. At present, innovation in the discipline of chemistry by young researchers still faces knowledge silos, capability silos, and resource silos: the accumulation of professional knowledge requires years of effort, frontier knowledge is highly differentiated, experimental capabilities are difficult to reuse, and high-end resources are difficult to coordinate, which …

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Materials Innovation: Implementation Levels And Strategic Layout, Ziwei Zhao, Fengxiang Zhou, Yanglili Zhou, Can Wang, Pei Zhang, Weihua Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Materials innovation has long been constrained by vast design spaces, complex processing routes, lengthy validation cycles, and difficulties in engineering translation. Traditional research and development models, which mainly rely on accumulated experience, theoretical deduction, and experimental trial and error, have become increasingly insufficient to meet the demand for rapid breakthroughs in critical materials. In recent years, artificial intelligence has been increasingly integrated into materials design, synthesis, and processing, characterization, evaluation, optimization, and application feedback, promoting the transformation of materials innovation from experience-driven exploration to data-driven development and from discrete trial and error to closed-loop optimization. Based on an analysis of …

Artificial Intelligence Empowering Space Science—Case Study Of Space Weather, Chi Wang, Hui Li, Bingxian Luo, Fang Shen, Jingjing Wang, Lingqian Zhang, Yi Yang, Dong Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Space science is currently confronted with a triple challenge: the explosive growth of observational data, the strongly coupled cross-scale nature of physical processes, and the increasingly urgent national strategic demands. The limitations of traditional research paradigms in analytical efficiency, forecast accuracy, and autonomous capability hinder their effectiveness in meeting critical requirements such as safeguarding on-orbit satellites and ensuring the successful execution of major space missions. This study proposes a three-layer “perception–cognition–decision-making” architecture for intelligent space science. Taking space weather—a domain with strong operational relevance—as a representative case, the four-dimensional paradigm transformation driven by artificial intelligence is systematically examined across key …

Artificial Intelligence Empowering Remote Sensing: Challenges, Paradigms And Strategic Layout, Jiayuan Shen, Peirui Cheng, Zhirui Wang, Wei Liang, Xian Sun, Yirong Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Remote sensing science and technology, as a key discipline for Earth observation and global change research, faces systemic challenges in processing massive multi-source data, accurately extracting complex information, and delivering high-timeliness application services. The rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) provide a new opportunity to address the deep-seated dilemma in remote sensing of being “data-rich but insufficient in effective information mining”. Guided by a problem-oriented approach, this study first systematically analyzes the core challenges facing the development of remote sensing across four dimensions: data understanding, technical methods, scientific mechanisms, and application ecosystems. It then reviews the technical evolution of AI-empowered …

Artificial Intelligence For Deep Earth Science: Key Challenges, Major Application Scenarios And Development Pathways, Qingyun Di, Liang Zhao, Yikang Zheng, Zhi Geng, Zhichao Yu, Xiaocai Shan, Chao Li, Zhiyao Xu, Pengfei Lv

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Deep Earth science is central to understanding Earth’s internal architecture and the coupled evolution of its major spheres, while also underpinning energy security, the supply of critical mineral resources, and resilience to major geohazards. Nevertheless, the advancement of deep Earth science is currently hindered by insufficient in situ observations under extreme conditions, the difficulty of integrating multi-source heterogeneous data, and the limited capability to model complex multiphysics coupling processes. Recent advances in artificial intelligence offer a potential route beyond these limitations. By integrating data-driven learning with physical and geological understanding, AI is reshaping deep Earth science from empirical interpretation to …

Logic And Path Of Transformation Reform Between Old And New Research Evaluation Models, Fang Xu, Xiaoxuan Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The national 15th Five-Year Plan once again emphasizes breaking the four-only criteria. Why is it so difficult to dismantle the four-only criteria? This study argues that an in-depth analysis of the underlying logical relationship between the old label-based evaluation model and the new connotation-oriented quality evaluation model is required to address this question. The study finds that the label-based evaluation model is a rational choice under specific historical circumstances and it has delivered positive effects. During the transition toward connotation-oriented quality evaluation, problems concerning indicators such as academic papers have been well resolved. Nevertheless, national science and technology awards and …

On Crucial Role Of The Spirit Of Chinese Scientists In Basic Research, Xin Wang, Chuanxi Wang, Changpu Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Basic research is the source of original innovation and the foundation for building a strong nation in science and technology. Compared with applied development research and engineering research, basic research is primarily concerned with exploring the frontiers, proposing new concepts, discovering new laws, and establishing new theories. Its outcomes are often difficult to predict in advance and are rarely subject to sufficient experimental and practical verification within a short time frame. These characteristics expose basic research to three inherent challenges in the philosophy of science. First, the experimental verification of fundamental theories often requires a long period of time. Second, …

Engineering 3d Optical Interconnects And Low-Power Radio Frequency Gaze Tracking, Blake P. Crosby

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents two independent research works in optical in- terconnects and radio-frequency (RF)-based gaze tracking. The first work demonstrates a silicon optical waveguide fabricated from four through-silicon vias (TSVs) produced using two-photon-absorption- assisted photo-electrochemical etching. Unlike conventional TSV fabrica- tion methods, this approach enables highly localized, non-line-of-sight etching in silicon using a focused femtosecond laser. Four approximately 5 μm diameter TSVs were etched through a 200 μm silicon wafer in a 7 μm by 7 μm pattern, leaving a central silicon region that functions as a waveguide. The fabricated structure achieved an aspect ratio of approxi- mately 40:1 with …

Hierarchical Parcel Swapping: A Novel Model In Turbulence, Masoomeh Behrang

Theses and Dissertations

Turbulent mixing plays a central role in a wide range of engineering and natural systems, particularly in reactive flows where turbulence--chemistry interactions strongly influence reaction rates, flame structure, and emissions. Accurately modeling these interactions remains a major challenge due to the multiscale and stochastic nature of turbulence, as well as the nonlinear coupling between transport and chemical kinetics. This dissertation develops and evaluates the Hierarchical Parcel Swapping (HiPS) model, a fully stochastic framework designed to represent turbulence-driven transport and scalar mixing without relying on traditional gradient-based closures. HiPS is investigated both as a standalone turbulence model and as a subgrid …

From Unfinished Sentences To Unfinished Degrees: A Reflection On Students’ Struggles With Academic Writing In The Context Of Retention In Higher Institutes Of Education, Irina Ruppo

Irish Journal of Academic Practice

This article explores the experiences and beliefs of students whose struggles with academic writing had led to contemplation of withdrawal from the university. It proposes that the absence of writing as a separate factor in existing retention models obscures the importance of writing issues to students’ persistence with their chosen course of study. Through a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with undergraduate students, the article suggests that students’ struggles with writing may be distinct from their overall difficulties with the workload. Four beliefs about academic writing are identified as potentially contributing to the students’ malintegrative experience within the institution. Seeing …

Can Hope Be Changed In 30 Minutes? The Development, Refinement, And Pilot Evaluation Of A Hope-Based Single-Session Intervention, Aileen Kangavary

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: Although mental health problems are on the rise among youth, nearly 80% do not access treatment. Schools serve as key settings to address adolescent mental health and wellness needs given the substantial barriers that limit access to community-based mental health services. Despite this potential, schools often face implementation challenges. Therefore, scalable and accessible approaches are needed to meet the growing demand for adolescent mental health support. Single-Session Interventions (SSIs) represent a promising, cost-effective, and digital avenue for providing timely mental health support to youth. Increasingly, research conceptualizes mental health through a two-dimensional framework that includes the presence of well-being …

Rheological Protocol To Assess And Optimize Latex Coagulation Dynamics For The Thin Glove Coagulant Dipping Process, Monday U. Okoronkwo, Kok Kong Ng, Wolfram Franke, Gaurav Sant

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many products that directly impact the quality of human life today — gloves, catheters, condoms, and baby bottle teats — are made through the latex-dipping technology. While a variety of methods have been developed – e.g., particle counting, turbidimetry, microscopy, and light scattering – which are suitable for studying the coagulation of latex at very low concentrations, much less work has focused on methods suitable for in-situ characterization of latex coagulation in concentrated solutions (e.g., as relevant to the dipping process). This paper presents a process-relevant rheological protocol for assessing and optimizing latex coagulation dynamics for the thin glove coagulant …

Artificial Intelligence Empowered Biological Research: Paradigm Shifts, Application Scenarios, And Strategic Layout, Xinguang Zhu, Yiming Bao, Zhenong Jin, Xin Li, Sijia Wang, Yueming Wang, Yungui Yang, Cao Xu, Yan Xiong, Bin Han

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Life related processes are characterized by high dimensionality and multi-scale properties. Understanding mechanisms underpinning life processes helps promote national healthcare, agricultural development, sustainable ecological civilization, and national security. Current life science research is confronted with an enormous challenge of dimensionality stemming from data explosion and data fragmentation, for which the recent rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) provides novel solutions. AI will catalyze a paradigm shift in life science research from the current experiment based empirical induction to a new closed-loop knowledge acquisition including large scale data collection, model building, model prediction, experimental validation, and iterative of these procedures. Life …

Artificial Intelligence–Driven Paradigm Transformation In Biopharmaceutical R&D: Applications And Emerging Scenarios, Lili Liu, Mingyue Zheng, Ye Yuan, Xutong Li, Rong Fan, Wei Wei, Jinxin Zhao, Guobin Qi, Hua Yue, Likun Gong, Songping Zhang, Jiachen Li, Yuchen Sun, Xiaoyan Chen, Yao Chen, Xin Liu, Xiao Zhang, Yuehong Gao, Jianfeng Li, Kaixian Chen, Guanghui Ma, Jianmin Yue

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The biopharmaceutical industry is a critical domain underpinning national scientific and technological innovation development and public health. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and its deep integration with the life sciences, biomedicine research is undergoing a paradigm shift from traditional experience-driven trial-and-error approaches to data-driven and predictive validation-based models. This study systematically examines the pathways for reshaping research in biomedicine paradigms under the convergence of data-driven, mechanism-driven, and intelligence-driven approaches. It focuses on recent advances in the application of AI across key stages, including drug discovery and design, druggability evaluation, delivery system design and optimization, nonclinical and clinical …

Advancing Paradigm Of Quantitative Synthetic Biology And Strengthening Mission-Oriented Basic Research, Chenli Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Synthetic biology is an important frontier in the life sciences, yet its further development remains constrained by limited capacity for rational design. Quantitative synthetic biology, which iteratively integrates quantitative modeling with the construction and analysis of synthetic systems, offers a promising paradigm for addressing this challenge. In this perspective, the study discusses the background and motivations underlying the emergence of this field and summarizes recent developments and exploratory efforts. Considering the unique characteristics of quantitative synthetic biology, it is suggested that progress in the field may benefit from strategically organized collaborative research that balances mission-oriented goals with investigator-driven exploration. On …

Deep Learning Processor: Road To Fundamental Research On Ai Chip, Yunji Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Deep learning processor chips serve as an important computation foundation for the artificial intelligence industry, thus has attracted widespread attention from the international communities. The Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences took the lead in initiating fundamental research on deep learning processor chips in 2008. At that time, this research direction had not yet entered the mainstream vision of the international communities, with its academic value and development laws yet to gain widespread recognition, and it was confronted with the challenges of three fundamental scientific issues concerning its significance, principle, and architecture.To address the above issues, the research …

Disaster Preparedness, Prevention And Management In Lagos State University Library, Mausi A. Bokoh, Sophia V. Adeyeye Dr, Oluwaseun Adeola Abiodun-Asanre, Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Disasters pose significant threats to human lives, infrastructure, and national socioeconomic development. Effective disaster preparedness, prevention, and management are therefore vital for mitigating their impact and ensuring continuity of operations. This study examined disaster preparedness, prevention, and management practices at Lagos State University Library. A survey research design was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering key aspects of disaster management. Frequency counts, percentages, mean, and standard deviations were used to analyze data.  The findings revealed that the library employs basic preventive strategies such as turning off electricity after work hours and ensuring timely evacuation during emergencies. …

Open Data From Ligo, Virgo, And Kagra Through The First Part Of The Fourth Observing Run, A. G. Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Raul Alberto Espinosa Perez, J. Lawrence, Francisco Llamas Villarreal, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Miriam Ramos Arevalo, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA form a network of gravitational-wave observatories. Data and analysis results from this network are made publicly available through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center. This paper describes open data from this network, including the addition of data from the first part of the fourth observing run and selected periods from the preceding engineering run, collected from 2023 May to 2024 January. The public dataset includes calibrated strain time series for each instrument, data from additional channels used for noise subtraction and detector characterization, and analysis data products from version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog.

Gwtc-4.0: Updating The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog With Observations From The First Part Of The Fourth Ligo–Virgo–Kagra Observing Run, A. G. Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Raul Alberto Espinosa Perez, J. Lawrence, Francisco Llamas Villarreal, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Miriam Ramos Arevalo, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Version 4.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-4.0) adds new candidates detected by the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA observatories through the first part of the fourth observing run (O4a: 2023 May 24 15:00:00 to 2024 January 16 16:00:00 UTC) and a preceding engineering run. In these new data, we find 128 compact binary coalescence candidates that are identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin pastro ≥ 0.5 and that are not vetoed during event validation. We also provide detailed source property measurements for 86 of these that have a false-alarm rate …

Gw230814: Investigation Of A Loud Gravitational-Wave Signal Observed With A Single Detector, A. G. Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Raul Alberto Espinosa Perez, J. Lawrence, Francisco Llamas Villarreal, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Miriam Ramos Arevalo, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

GW230814, detected by the LIGO Livingston observatory with a signal-to-noise ratio of 42.4, represents the loudest gravitational-wave signal in the GWTC-4.0 catalog. Its source is consistent with a binary black hole coalescence with component masses m1=33.7+2.9−2.2M⊙, m2=29.9+2.1−2.8M⊙, and a small effective inspiral spin χeff=−0.01+0.06−0.07. The high signal-to-noise ratio enabled us to detect an ℓ = ∣m∣ = 4 mode in the inspiral–merger–ringdown signal for the first time (with Bayes factor ≈10), as well as enabling a range of tests of consistency between theoretical predictions and the observed waveform. While most of these tests show agreement with theoretical predictions, there are …

Searches For Continuous Gravitational Waves From Supernova Remnants In The First Part Of The Ligo-Virgo-Kagra Fourth Observing Run, A. G. Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Raul Alberto Espinosa Perez, J. Lawrence, Francisco Llamas Villarreal, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Miriam Ramos Arevalo, Wenhui Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

We present results from directed searches for continuous gravitational waves from a sample of 15 nearby supernova remnants, likely hosting young neutron star candidates, using data from the first eight months of the fourth observing run (O4) of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Collaboration. The analysis employs five pipelines: four semicoherent methods—the Band-Sampled-Data directed pipeline, Weave, and two Viterbi pipelines (single- and dual-harmonic)—and PyStoch, a cross-correlation-based pipeline. These searches cover wide frequency bands and do not assume prior knowledge of the targets’ ephemerides. No evidence of a signal is found from any of the 15 sources. We set 95% confidence-level upper limits on …