Digital Commons Network^™

(R2174) A Stationary First-Order Autoregressive Process With New Discrete Lindley Marginal Distribution, Tégawendé Martin Kabore, Jean-Etienne Ouindllassida Ouédraogo

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper introduces a new stationary first-order autoregressive integer-valued process with a marginal distribution following the New Discrete Lindley distribution, referred to as NDLINAR( 1). The process is developed to model over-dispersed count time series exhibiting a mixed behavior arising from the combination of multiple distributions. Its statistical properties are thoroughly investigated, and the parameters are estimated using conditional maximum likelihood. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are also analyzed. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated by comparing it with other existing INAR(1) processes through applications to real datasets. Results demonstrate that the NDL-INAR(1) process effectively captures the …

(R2080) Homomorphism And Anti-Homomorphism Of Interval Valued Neutrosophic Fuzzy Ideals Of Near-Rings, K. Lenin Muthu Kumaran, S. Selvaraj

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper introduces and elucidates the concepts of homomorphism and anti-homomorphism for interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy ideals of near-rings. Here we proved if an interval valued neutrosophic fuzzy left ideals of R′ then its inverse image is interval valued neutrosophic fuzzy left ideals of R and converse part is true if the mapping is onto homomorphism. Additionally, we establish the notion of the direct product of n-interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy ideals within near-rings is also a interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy ideals of near-rings. To illustrate these concepts, we provide an example showcasing the direct product of interval-valued neutrosophic fuzzy ideals of near-rings.

(R2177) Further Study On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Matrices, S. Sriram, A. Anitha

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of the distributive law associated with two newly introduced operations addition and multiplication defined on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Matrices (IFMs). The proposed operations are systematically examined to investigate their algebraic properties, with particular emphasis on the behavior of the distributive law under these novel definitions. Furthermore, modal and extended modal operators are employed to establish several theoretical results that reinforce the mathematical foundation of the proposed framework. The validity and practical relevance of these results are further demonstrated through applications in decision-making scenarios, highlighting their effectiveness in addressing complex problems characterized by uncertainty.

(R2149) Heat, Hall, And Ion Slip Effects On Chemically Reacting Mhd Casson Flow Through Moving Surface, Gaurav Kumar, Vinod Kumar

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The present investigation aims to analyze the combined effects of heat generation/absorption, Hall current, and ion slip on the flow of chemically reacting MHD Casson fluid over a moving vertical surface, considering ramped wall temperature and mass diffusion. The flow medium has been made porous. The analytical solution of the model's partial differential equations is derived using the Laplace transform technique aided by the Heaviside step function. The expressions for the Sherwood Number, Nusselt Number, and shear stress on the plate have been derived. The results obtained are found to be in outstanding agreement. The outcomes achieved are displayed through …

(R2153) Advanced Numerical Method For One Dimensional Burgers Equation With A Source Term, Yahaya Alassane Mahaman Nouri, Djibo Moustapha, Maman Yarodji Abdoul, Saley Bisso

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper investigates a numerical strategy for the one-dimensional Burgers equation with a nonzero source term. Such equations arise in simplified models of transport and diffusion processes and are often used to assess the performance of numerical schemes for nonlinear evolution problems. The proposed approach combines a second-order Crank–Nicolson time discretization with a projection-based procedure that separates the nonlinear convective contribution from diffusive effects. Spatial approximation is carried out using a Chebyshev spectral collocation method, which provides high accuracy for smooth solutions with a limited number of degrees of freedom. The resulting fully discretized system is solved through an iterative …

(R2147) Effect Of Mass Variation With Log-Logistic Distribution In Perturbed Interacting Cr3bp, Abdullah Abdullah, Majhar Ali, S. K. Sahdev

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper investigates the motion of the infinitesimal body in the perturbed restricted three-body problem where the primary is heterogeneous in shape and secondary is with modified Newtonian potential. With the use of log-logistic distribution, space-time transformation and the above-said perturbations, we determine the equations of motion and quasi-Jacobian integral. Further, we numerically perform the locations of equilibrium points, their stability, regions of motion, periodic orbits and Poincaré surfaces of section.

(R2155) Mathematical Insights Into Cancer Cells Growth Stability And Chaos, Pardeep Kumar, Kashish Agarwal, Tripti Anand, Sarita Jha

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this research paper, we examined a recently proposed three-dimensional dynamical model of cancer cell growth that explicitly couples the populations of tumour cells, healthy host cells, and immune cells (Pardeep et al.). We aim to elucidate the model’s novel biological features relative to classical tumour–immune interaction models and to characterize its dynamical regimes. This model is governed by nonlinear differential equations featuring a quadratic tumour proliferation term and bilinear coupling terms for tumour–immune and tumour–host interactions. Then, we performed the rigorous analysis by solving the fixed-point equations and from the Jacobian matrices at the resulting equilibria to identify the …

(R2124) Impact Of Delay And Awareness On Hiv/Aids Epidemic Model, Debashis Biswas

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

A delayed HIV/AIDS epidemic model with awareness has been taken here. Essentially, it is mentioned that the disease spreads among the population only through contact (horizontal transmission). The equilibrium points of both the proposed models are investigated, and their stability is discussed. Both models have two types of equilibria, namely the disease-free and the disease positive. The basic reproductive number of both models has been calculated by using the next generation matrix technique. In this paper, the main motivation is to find a way to decrease the disease transmission. Also discussed the impact of delay and awareness on the HIV/AIDS …

(R2167) Global Stability Of Seirs Model With Single Dose Vaccination In Varying Population, Govind Jha, Prabhat Mandal, Sarita Jha

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Understanding the evolution of infectious diseases within a dynamic population is essential for formulating effective public health strategies. This work introduces an enhanced SEIRS epidemic model that incorporates demographic variation and a single-dose vaccination strategy, supporting that immunity can be reduced over time. The model reflects diseases in which individuals may return to the susceptible state after recovery. Extending prior reduced three-dimensional models, this study develops a complete four-dimensional SEIRS framework, thereby increasing the model’s applicability to real-world scenarios. The inclusion of the full system presents greater analytical challenges. To overcome this, we extend the second additive compound matrix and …

(R2139) Italian Domination Number For Some Classes Of Trees, Amritha Prakash, Ragukumar Pandurangan

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

For a graph G with vertex set V , an Italian dominating function is a function f from V to {0, 1, 2} which has the property that for every vertex which is assigned 0, it must either adjacent to a vertex assigned 2 under f or adjacent to at least two vertices assigned 1 under f. The weight of an Italian dominating function is the sum of all weights assigned to the vertices. The minimum weight of an Italian dominating function f is the Italian domination number. Finding a graph’s Italian domination number is a well-known NP-Complete problem. Even …

(R2170) Delta-Continuous Functions In Interval-Valued Neutrosophic Soft Topological Spaces And An Application Using Distance And Similarity Measures, B. Vijayalakshmi, S. Madhunika

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper introduces delta-continuous functions in interval-valued neutrosophic soft topological spaces and investigates their fundamental properties. Additionally, delta-irresolute functions are introduced within the same framework. The relationships between these functions and existing function classes are explored. Several theorems, accompanied by illustrative examples, are provided to support the theoretical findings. The study also includes an application of the proposed concepts to distance and similarity measures.

(R2159) A Novel Extension Of Picard’S Method For Fractional Initial Value Problems With Convergence Analysis On Finite And Infinite Intervals, Jag Mohan, Anju Sood

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In recent years, fractional differential equations have emerged as powerful tools for modeling phenomena with memory and hereditary effects, owing to their non-local characteristics. These equations excel in tackling intricate problems across physics, engineering, and other fields. As analytical solutions are often infeasible, numerical methods play a vital role in their practical application. In this study, we have generalized Picard’s method to address fractional differential initial value problems with Caputo derivative, establishing an existence and uniqueness theorem applicable to both finite and infinite intervals. To substantiate our findings, we provide an example with graphical evidence demonstrating the convergence of the …

(R2175) Application Of Similarity Measures On Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic Matrices In United Nations’ Sdg-17 Using Python, T. Muthuraji, N. Krishnapraveen

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The increasing complexity of decision-making environments demands mathematical frameworks capable of modeling bipolar, indeterminate, and phase-dependent uncertainty simultaneously. Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic theory provides such a structure, but the extension of similarity measures to matrix-based environments remains largely unexplored. In this study, we formally develop cosine, Dice, Jaccard, and hybrid vector similarity measures for Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic Matrices (BCNMs). Each matrix element is represented by a Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic Number (BCNN), enabling structured representation of multidimensional uncertainty within a matrix framework. We also design and implement efficient Python-based computational tools to automate similarity evaluation for BCNMs. The proposed algorithms reduce computational …

(R2185) Operations On Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic Matrices And Its Application In Un’S Sdg-14 & Sdg-3 Using Python, N. Krishnapraveen, T. Muthuraji

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Decision-making in sustainability oriented environments frequently involves bipolar evaluations, indeterminate information and phase dependent uncertainty that cannot be adequately represented by existing neutrosophic matrix models. To address this limitation, this study introduces a Bipolar Complex Neutrosophic Matrix (BCNM) framework that integrates bipolar semantics with complex valued uncertainty in a coherent algebraic structure. Fundamental operations and structural properties are rigorously established to ensure mathematical consistency. To facilitate practical multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA), novel score, accuracy, and hybrid aggregation operators are developed. The computational feasibility of the proposed approach is analyzed, demonstrating linear complexity with respect to the number of alternatives …

(R2191) The Study Of Stokes Drag In The R4bp Under The Effect Of Coriolis And Centrifugal Forces With Variable Mass, Amit Mittal, Krishan Pal, Rajiv Aggarwal, Rajveer Singh

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we examine the existence, locations, and stability of the equilibrium points under the combined effects of Stokes drag and small perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces in the triangular restricted four-body problem (TR4BP) with variable mass. A triangular (Lagrangian) configuration is formed by the three primary bodies, which occupy the vertices of an equilateral triangle. All the primaries are treated as point masses to study the dynamical behavior of an infinitesimal body. The numerical results indicate that, under the influence of Stokes drag, none of the equilibrium points lie along a straight line. The centrifugal force …

(R2140) Verifying The Proper Efficiency In Multi-Objective Problems, Javad Bavali, Hadi Basirzadeh

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Over the past decade, numerous approaches have been put forward to address multi-objective optimization problems-focusing on approximating proper efficient solutions instead of the efficient solutions. These methods are important because, according to Geoffrion’s conjecture, proper non-dominated solutions constitute a dense subset of the non-dominated solution set. In the current study, first, using the definition of Kuhn-Tucker’s proper efficiency, we present a linear subproblem that investigates the proper efficiency of a randomly selected feasible point. Additionally, the relationship between the different types of solutions to this sub-problem and the proper efficient solutions of the main problem has been analyzed. Next, we …

(R2187) Analysis Of Neurological Impairments In Hospitalized Patients Using Cubic Neutrosophic Sets, B. Anitha, M. Lavanya

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This study introduces an MCDM-based framework for identifying neurological diseases in hospitalized patients using symptom-based evaluations. A team of interns, guided by the chief doctor, was responsible for determining each patient’s precise condition from the presented neurological symptoms. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, the interns employed the TOPSIS and WASPAS methods to assess and rank the potential disease options. The combined analysis yielded a clear identification of the highest ranked disease for every patient, highlighting the effectiveness of these MCDM techniques in supporting clinical decision making.

How Esl/Efl Textbooks Are Created: A Description Of The Publishing Processes For Elt Coursebooks, Timothy P. Arnold

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe the current ELT textbook publishing processes and evaluate a descriptive model of the publishing processes. While criticisms of ELT textbooks abound (Akbari, 2008; Bell & Gower, 2011; Jordan & Gray, 2019; Tomlinson & Masuhara, 2008; Long, 2016; etc.), little previous research has focused on describing the ELT textbook publishing. This is despite most criticisms appearing to focus on aspects of ELT textbooks that come about during the publishing processes. The work of Littlejohn (1992), McGrath (2013), and Yildiz and Harwood (2023) are exceptions to this. To provide additional descriptive information on the …

Unfriending The Kids: The Problematic Race To Childproof Social Media, Randolph A. Robinson Ii

Cleveland State Law Review

A growing number of states have recently enacted new laws with the goal of protecting young people from potential harm allegedly caused by social media use. These laws are diverse in their approaches but broadly seek to limit youth access to social media platforms by imposing age verification and parental consent requirements. These laws directly implicate the First Amendment rights of both young users who will no longer be able to access speech or speak on social media platforms as well as adult users who must now submit to age verification to access these quintessential forums for political discourse.

These …

Influence Of Transformational Leadership On Volunteer Retention, Kirk David Hillabrand

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Her Voice In Photos: Empowering Women Through The Lens Of Resilience, Doryn Wallach

Theses - ALL

Women in midlife (ages 40–65) face a convergence of psychosocial stressors, including hormonal transitions, caregiving demands, identity shifts, and cultural invisibility, yet accessible, non-clinical supports remain scarce. This program evaluation examined whether participatory therapeutic photography, paired with brief written reflection and community witnessing, could function as an art therapy-informed, strengths-based intervention for this population. Five participants completed a week-long photography sequence structured around a challenge, reframe, and reflect arc, selecting three captioned images and a written reflection to represent their experience. Images were displayed in a digital frame installed where three midlife women served as community witnesses. The researcher collected …

From Regionalism To Continentalism: Lessons From Ecowas For The Implementation Of Afcfta., Michael Agbo

Theses - ALL

Abstract: This thesis examines the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) as a test for understanding Africa’s continental economic integration under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). It argues that the persistent failures of state-led integration, in this matter, the ECOWAS, from the repeated inability to roll out a single currency for trade within West Africa to the deliberate infiltration of France and other Western capitalist interests in the economic lives of the people of West Africa, are not just incidental failures of political will or technical implementation setbacks. They are consequences of building Pan-Africanism and integration efforts …

Neither Here Nor There: Cultural Identity Among Vietnamese Immigrants, Duyen Thu Pham

Theses - ALL

Acculturation is a fundamental aspect of the migration experience that enables individuals to adapt to new environments while maintaining meaningful connections within both familial and social spheres. Depending on class, economic conditions, and sociopolitical context, experiences of acculturation differ across generations. This thesis argues that, through the ongoing process of cultural negotiation, Vietnamese immigrants create unique cultural identities that balance adaptation to the host country with the preservation of Vietnamese cultural values, beliefs, and practices. It also explores how migration history, intergenerational differences, and cultural memory influence varied experiences of acculturation and belonging among Vietnamese immigrants in the United States. …

Dimensional Welfare Beyond Pain: Extending The Precautionary Principle In Birch’S “The Edge Of Sentience”, Willa M. Lane, Nicola S. Clayton

Animal Sentience

Birch's (2024) The Edge of Sentience identifies sentience candidates primarily through the pain-focused LSE Criteria. Yet, as Birch himself notes in Proposal 17, sentience is not pain. We argue that statutory welfare protections must therefore reach beyond pain, and that the right tool for doing so is Birch et al.’s (2020) dimensionality framework, which characterises conscious experience across five domains. Used together, the LSE Criteria establish that welfare is at stake, while the dimensionality framework maps what is at stake beyond pain to provide a taxon-specific profile of where captivity impoverishes experience. We apply this approach to invertebrate welfare and …

Preserving The Family In The Globalized Era: Explaining State Discouragement Of Women’S Rights And The Gap Between Law And Family Realities In Tajikistan, Ivy Alexandra Raines

Dissertations - ALL

This dissertation is guided by a two-part research question, which begins by asking why Tajikistan exhibits low levels of gender equality within the family despite strong international commitments and a formally secular legal framework. The second question builds on the first by asking why a state that offers legal guarantees in line with its international commitments, as outlined by Article 16 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), invests significant energy in discouraging divorce rather than in safeguarding women’s rights that would support their ability to leave harmful marital situations. Employing qualitative discourse …

Impure Evidentialism: Essays On The Sources & Structure Of Doxastic Normativity, Felipe Oliveira

Dissertations - ALL

The four papers of my dissertation provide a new defense of Impure Evidentialism. The combination of evidentialism about normative reasons for belief with pragmatic encroachment (i.e. impurism) about epistemic justification is a familiar and intuitive view. However, many of the combo view’s finer points, unique advantages, and objections have not been addressed. My dissertation fills this gap by offering a new defense and in-depth look of what I take to be the most plausible version of the combo view. My version of Impure Evidentialism offers an improved and comprehensive account of the norms that govern our beliefs, explains why these …

Three Essays On Political Economy And International Trade, Shuo Zhang

Dissertations - ALL

This dissertation is composed of three papers that explore how institutions, globalization, and trade shocks affect individuals' political preferences and firms' behavior. The first paper studies how mass protest events drive political change among citizens. I exploit the 2019 Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement (ANTI-ELAB protest) in Hong Kong and its impact on the subsequent 2019 Hong Kong District Council Election. Taking advantage of a granular dataset of organized events during the protest, I exploit spatial variation in protest intensity, as measured by the number of events, across Constituency Areas. Empirical results show that in Constituency Areas with higher protest …

Older Recent Widows’ Physical Activity Before And After Spouses’ Deaths A Qualitative Investigation Of The Impact Of Duration And Intensity Of Care Work And Social Support, Mary Theresa Pagan

Dissertations - ALL

Abstract This study investigates and expands understanding of how care work, widowhood, social support, and physical activity intersect in the lives of older recent widows. The study addresses three primary research questions examining the duration and intensity of care work, pre- and post-death social support, and factors that influenced widows’ physical activity before and after the death of their spouses. Thirty semi-structured, face-to-face interviews conducted with heterosexual widows aged 60 and older residing in Upstate New York who were widowed within 6–24 months prior to interview. Interviews explored care work experiences, social support, widowhood transitions, and both structured and non-structured …

Quality Improvement Project: Improving Confidence And Clinical Judgment Through Simulation Remediation In Nursing Students, Erica Gillespie

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Simulation is a critical component of nursing education, providing students with a safe environment to develop clinical judgment and confidence before entering clinical practice. However, students may experience anxiety and difficulty meeting competency expectations during simulation. This quality improvement project evaluated whether structured simulation remediation improved confidence and clinical judgment among associate degree nursing students. The project was guided by the NLN Jeffries Simulation Framework, and Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model supported implementation. A quantitative, quasi-experimental pre-/post- intervention design was used. Nine nursing students voluntarily participated. During remediation, students reviewed recordings of their initial simulation experiences and completed guided reflection questions …

Cerebrovascular And Bleeding Outcomes Of Warfarin Versus Direct Oral Anticoagulants Therapy For Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Abeer A. Alomairi, Rana Alduhaysh, Alaa Samandar, Abeer Alshehri, Ghada Alabdullah, Saud Almutairi, Faisal Althekair

Neurosciences

Objectives: To compare the effects on cerebral health in atrial fibrillation patients receiving either warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Atrial fibrillation is linked to a higher likelihood of both stroke and cognitive impairment. While warfarin has historically served as the leading anticoagulant treatment, DOACs are now more frequently viewed as alternatives with an improved safety profile.

Methods: The methodology involved an extensive search of multiple databases, completed up to June 2024. This search yielded randomized controlled trials, which together enrolled over 60,000 participants between the ages of 70 and 84. The DOACs studied were dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, …