Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (276733)
- Law (201796)
- Arts and Humanities (178564)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (167672)
- Education (151397)
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (117571)
- Life Sciences (108576)
- Engineering (78726)
- Business (72468)
- Communication (65560)
- History (55933)
- Sociology (44013)
- Higher Education (42580)
- Medical Specialties (42146)
- Journalism Studies (41532)
- Psychology (38305)
- Library and Information Science (37421)
- Religion (32207)
- Computer Sciences (31905)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (28626)
- Public Health (26247)
- Mass Communication (26100)
- Medical Sciences (23771)
- United States History (22981)
- Nursing (21427)
- Economics (20392)
- Environmental Sciences (19872)
- Political Science (19097)
- Accounting (18939)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (18188)
- Institution
-
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (44818)
- University of New Mexico (42096)
- University of Mississippi (38091)
- University of South Florida (35730)
- Brigham Young University (30314)
-
- San Jose State University (27405)
- University of Montana (25457)
- University of Kentucky (19670)
- Purdue University (19339)
- TÜBİTAK (18793)
- Utah State University (17481)
- Missouri University of Science and Technology (17246)
- University of Central Florida (16030)
- Singapore Management University (15937)
- Louisiana State University (15703)
- Western Kentucky University (15624)
- Walden University (15519)
- The Texas Medical Center Library (14790)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (14031)
- Eastern Illinois University (13726)
- University of South Carolina (13610)
- Edith Cowan University (13605)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (13311)
- University of Northern Iowa (12957)
- Nova Southeastern University (12818)
- Western Michigan University (12802)
- Washington University School of Medicine (11816)
- University of Plymouth (11804)
- University of New Hampshire (11700)
- Georgia Southern University (11314)
- Keyword
-
- Newspaper (23865)
- Humans (15899)
- Education (12645)
- Spartan Daily (12403)
- Student newspaper (10050)
-
- History (8075)
- Female (7896)
- Newspapers (7267)
- EIU (7020)
- COVID-19 (6918)
- Male (6826)
- Higher education (6595)
- United States (6595)
- Western Kentucky University (6396)
- American newspapers (6369)
- Central Maine (6367)
- Journalism (6147)
- Newsletter (6077)
- Periodicals (5996)
- Bowling Green State University (5628)
- Faculty (5583)
- Communication (5213)
- Eastern Illinois University (5123)
- Daily Eastern News (5024)
- Poetry (4671)
- Student life (4639)
- Gender (4587)
- BG News (4443)
- Students (4434)
- Alumni (4343)
- Publication Year
-
- 2026 (52227)
- 2025 (71370)
- 2024 (79602)
- 2023 (73534)
- 2022 (74196)
-
- 2021 (75804)
- 2020 (74687)
- 2019 (69767)
- 2018 (65732)
- 2017 (62843)
- 2016 (60352)
- 2015 (54412)
- 2014 (51661)
- 2013 (48683)
- 2012 (47437)
- 2011 (39487)
- 2010 (37203)
- 2009 (32678)
- 2008 (29889)
- 2007 (27275)
- 2006 (25497)
- 2005 (22998)
- 2004 (21312)
- 2003 (19708)
- 2002 (18332)
- 2001 (16912)
- 2000 (16630)
- 1999 (14970)
- 1998 (14610)
- 1997 (13750)
- Publication
-
- Faculty Publications (25073)
- Theses and Dissertations (23507)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (13969)
- Faculty Scholarship (12213)
- Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications) (11411)
-
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (10756)
- Articles (9617)
- Montana Kaimin, 1898-present (8736)
- Saudi Medical Journal (7869)
- Dissertations (7704)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (7495)
- Faculty, Staff and Student Publications (7290)
- Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues) (7123)
- Journal of Accountancy (6843)
- Honors Theses (6736)
- Masters Theses (6262)
- Open Access Publications (6228)
- WKU Administration Documents (6079)
- Theses (5974)
- Publications and Research (5901)
- Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems (5707)
- Journal of Extension (5422)
- Research outputs 2022 to 2026 (5194)
- Publications (5034)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (4956)
- Indiana Law Journal (4901)
- Albuquerque Morning Journal 1908-1921 (4754)
- BG News (Student Newspaper) (4494)
- Master's Theses (4427)
- Santa Fe New Mexican, 1883-1913 (4412)
- Publication Type
Articles 117151 - 117180 of 1738735
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
College-Specific Policies And Procedures: College Of Dental Medicine Predoctoral Degree And Master Of Dental Science Certificate Programs, Nova Southeastern University
College-Specific Policies And Procedures: College Of Dental Medicine Predoctoral Degree And Master Of Dental Science Certificate Programs, Nova Southeastern University
Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions
No abstract provided.
College-Specific Policies And Procedures: College Of Dental Medicine Postdoctoral Programs, Nova Southeastern University
College-Specific Policies And Procedures: College Of Dental Medicine Postdoctoral Programs, Nova Southeastern University
Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions
No abstract provided.
Parents With Low Mood And Their Child: Exploring The Effects Of Group Art Therapy, Allison M. Pierce-Gay
Parents With Low Mood And Their Child: Exploring The Effects Of Group Art Therapy, Allison M. Pierce-Gay
Art Therapy | Master's Theses
This qualitative study examines the effects of group art therapy on postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms, specifically focusing on reducing isolation and improving parent–child attachment. The participants included two parents with self-reported low mood and one child (aged 2–2.5 years), and insights from eight multidisciplinary experts (clinicians, educators, and parents) were also gathered. Interventions included a somatic body scan, collage-making, and dyadic handprint painting. The results indicated reduced isolation (Likert scores improved from 3.5 to 4.75) and enhanced attachment through nonverbal co-creation; however, structural barriers (e.g., time poverty) limited sustained impact. Expert interviews identified seven themes, including grief, systemic isolation, and …
Man On Mars: How Can International Space Law Limit The Environmental Consequences Of The Coming Rush For Resources In Space, Elizabeth Anne Henderson
Man On Mars: How Can International Space Law Limit The Environmental Consequences Of The Coming Rush For Resources In Space, Elizabeth Anne Henderson
Michigan Journal of International Law
The body of international law governing space has stood at a standstill for decades. The five central treaties regulating this area of law are not only vague, but they have also become a hindrance to the global community’s ability to address the rapidly intensifying second space race. The treaties do not adequately state who space belongs to, who is entitled to take advantage of the natural resources of celestial bodies, or what protections are afforded to celestial environments in the face of impending mining and resource extraction projects. This impasse within international law has not stopped entrepreneurs and corporations from …
When Does Top Management Team Diversity Matter In Large Organizations?, James M. Plecnik, Shan Wang, Frances Fabian
When Does Top Management Team Diversity Matter In Large Organizations?, James M. Plecnik, Shan Wang, Frances Fabian
Accounting Faculty Works
Top management teams (TMTs) drive strategic leadership, but there is little clarity on when the composition of these upper echelons most impacts organization performance. Drawing from the categorization-elaboration model, we study an 18-year sample of approximately 4500 organizations and over 32 000 executives and find a positive relationship between TMT functional diversity and organization performance, but only for the smaller organizations. We tested how organization size (and correlates of age/complexity) negatively interacts with functional diversity. Testing for TMT integration proxies, top management tenure counteracted the negative impact of size, making functional diversity beneficial in large organizations as well. Additionally, CEO …
The Artificial Intelligence Trolley Problem, James Cooper, Kashyap Kompella
The Artificial Intelligence Trolley Problem, James Cooper, Kashyap Kompella
Faculty Scholarship
This Essay addresses a growing Constitutional challenge in public governance: the increasing delegation of consequential decisions to algorithmic systems that encode value trade-offs between liberty and security, equity and efficiency, and expression and control, without visibility, legal justification, or institutional oversight. We view this hidden normative choice an example of the “Artificial Intelligence (AI) Trolley Problem.” Like the classic moral dilemma, it involves unavoidable sacrifices among competing goods. Unlike its philosophical counterpart, however, algorithmic trade-offs occur silently. They are embedded in data proxies, optimization logic, and model design, and insulated from scrutiny by claims of technical neutrality. This Essay argues …
Breaking Down The Silo Of Dental Reimbursement, Ron Inge Dds
Breaking Down The Silo Of Dental Reimbursement, Ron Inge Dds
Journal of the American College of Dentists
Like it or not, reimbursement is at the heart of all actions and changes in our healthcare system. Several factors have contributed to the isolation of dentistry from the rest of the healthcare ecosystem, not the least of which is dentistry’s reliance on its own coding system. The American Dental Association (ADA) successfully established the Current Dental Terminology (CDT) codes as the official code set for submitting electronic claims. This action further solidified the separation of dentistry from broader healthcare system.
A Student’S Perspective On Breaking Down The Silos In Healthcare, John Kerns Bs
A Student’S Perspective On Breaking Down The Silos In Healthcare, John Kerns Bs
Journal of the American College of Dentists
Student perspective article on healthcare siloes across medical fields.
Leading The Way In Dentistry’S New Era: Integration, Wellness, And Respect, Brett Kessler
Leading The Way In Dentistry’S New Era: Integration, Wellness, And Respect, Brett Kessler
Journal of the American College of Dentists
Dr. Brett Kessler, President of the American Dental Association, reflects on his presidential year and his belief in the importance of three pillars in dentistry: promoting wellness, fostering a culture of respect and reconnecting the body to the mouth.
Legalized Surveillance: The Historical To Modern Policing Of Black Life, Nile Blass
Legalized Surveillance: The Historical To Modern Policing Of Black Life, Nile Blass
Upper Level Writing Requirement Research Papers
No abstract provided.
The Geometry Of Planetary Systems, Emma Marie Cain Louden
The Geometry Of Planetary Systems, Emma Marie Cain Louden
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
The study of exoplanetary systems offers an observable window into the processes governing celestial bodies' formation, evolution, and current structure. Central to understanding these systems is their geometry, which encompasses the orientations, alignments, and spatial relationships among planets and their host stars. This dissertation investigates the pivotal role of planetary system geometry—particularly obliquities and orbital resonances—in illuminating the formation pathways and long-term evolutionary trends of both solar and exoplanetary systems.
This dissertation explores these themes through three comprehensive studies. Chapter 2 focuses on the role of tidal dissipation in shaping short-period exoplanets, examining whether the presence of obliquity-driven tidal interactions …
Editorial, Bruce L. Bauer
Editorial, Bruce L. Bauer
Journal of Adventist Mission Studies
These international contributions are important because mission in the Adventist Church is a shared task with more of the Adventist divisions becoming sending divisions.
Full Issue
Journal of Adventist Mission Studies
This issue of the Journal of Adventist Mission Studies marks a high point in Adventist missiological literature, for all the authors of the articles reside outside of North America.
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Of Cellular Prion Protein And Its Biological Implications, Yangyi Liu
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Of Cellular Prion Protein And Its Biological Implications, Yangyi Liu
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of macromolecules allows for a variety of cellular functions such as signal transduction and regulation of gene expression and is implicated in neurodegeneration. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) as the central player in prion and Alzheimer’s diseases has been previously discovered to undergo LLPS, while its molecular underpinnings and physiological functions remain unclear.
This thesis delves into the complexity of PrPC LLPS, characterizes its biophysical properties, and initiates a connection between PrPC LLPS and its physiological functions. In Chapter 2, site-specific interactions of PrPC that drive LLPS are identified, highlighting the importance of interactions between the N-terminal …
Using Post-Supercritical Co2-Assisted Method To Deposit Niep Alloy Coating On The Micro-Arc Oxidation Layer Of Az31 Magnesium Alloy And Its Corrosion Behavior Analysis, Kang-Yu Liao, Hung-Hua Sheu, Ming-Yuan Lin, Ming-Chih Kuo, Po-Hsun Wu, Hung-Bin Lee
Using Post-Supercritical Co2-Assisted Method To Deposit Niep Alloy Coating On The Micro-Arc Oxidation Layer Of Az31 Magnesium Alloy And Its Corrosion Behavior Analysis, Kang-Yu Liao, Hung-Hua Sheu, Ming-Yuan Lin, Ming-Chih Kuo, Po-Hsun Wu, Hung-Bin Lee
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
In this study, a Ni-P alloy coating was deposited on the micro arc oxidation (MAO) layer of AZ31 magnesium alloy to improve its corrosion resistance. The MAO layers were prepared under different operated voltages from 300 to 400 V. The results indicated that the optimize operated parameters for MAO layer is at 350 V, the MAO coatings had the most compact microstructure and superior corrosion resistance. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of MAO coating, this study chose to deposit Ni-P alloy coating on the surface of MAO coating via the post supercritical CO2-assisted electroless plating (PSC-CO …
The Effect Of Feedback On A Remote Operator’S Maneuvering Control For Mass Remote Navigation Competency, Hyoseon Hwang, Ik-Hyun Youn
The Effect Of Feedback On A Remote Operator’S Maneuvering Control For Mass Remote Navigation Competency, Hyoseon Hwang, Ik-Hyun Youn
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
The rapid advancement of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) technology has highlighted the growing need for Remote Operators (ROs) to manage MASS effectively. ROs possess specialized competencies in areas such as situational awareness, crisis management, and system operation. Despite the introduction of competency-based training and assessment in the maritime sector through the international convention on standards of training, certification, and watchkeeping for seafarers convention, the framework's implementation remains incomplete, particularly in remote operator training for MASS. This study is purpose to identify which competencies improve rapidly with performance feedback and which improve slowly. This study conducted an experiment to quantitatively …
Evaluation Of Carbon Sequestration In Seagrass Meadows Of Kenting: A Comparative Study With Penghu And Dongsha Island, Zih-Wei Tang, Huei-Fen Chen, Jordi Mahardika Puntu, Ping-Yu Chang, Li Lo, Jian-Jhih Chen, Wen-Chen Chou, Lan-Feng Fan, Ying-Ju Chang
Evaluation Of Carbon Sequestration In Seagrass Meadows Of Kenting: A Comparative Study With Penghu And Dongsha Island, Zih-Wei Tang, Huei-Fen Chen, Jordi Mahardika Puntu, Ping-Yu Chang, Li Lo, Jian-Jhih Chen, Wen-Chen Chou, Lan-Feng Fan, Ying-Ju Chang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
This study investigates the controlling factors of carbon sequestration (CS) in seagrass bed sediments across three distinct environments in Taiwan: the Kenting (KT) coastal area, the Penghu (PH) open inner bay, and the Dongsha (DS) Atoll lagoon. Actual measurements of the substrate depth beneath the sediment and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) scans of the beach reveal that the coral reef bedrock in KT slopes landward. A field survey of the seagrass area in KT was conducted, and three cross-sectional profiles were analyzed to determine their topography, yielding a median sediment thickness of 88.2cm. Based on these measurements, the sediment volume was …
Calculation Of Aquifer Transmissivity From Borehole Resistance Measurements And Pumping Test Results, Fen-Rong Yang, Chien-Wei Huang, Tien-Kuen Huang
Calculation Of Aquifer Transmissivity From Borehole Resistance Measurements And Pumping Test Results, Fen-Rong Yang, Chien-Wei Huang, Tien-Kuen Huang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
Transmissivity is a crucial hydrogeological parameter for evaluating groundwater resources. This parameter is conventionally evaluated using pumping tests; however, these tests are costly and can be conducted at few sites. Many researchers have used ground resistance and pumping test data to estimate various hydrogeological parameters. In this study, borehole resistance survey and pumping test data collected by the Taiwan Groundwater Monitoring Network were used to establish the relationship between transmissivity and formation factor for aquifers in the Zhuoshui River alluvial fan. This relationship was then used to estimate the water output of the aforementioned aquifers in a cost-effective manner from …
A Neural Network-Based Sliding Mode Adaptive Control System For Unmanned Surface Vehicles, Sun Qiaomei, An Liang, Jiang Linglin
A Neural Network-Based Sliding Mode Adaptive Control System For Unmanned Surface Vehicles, Sun Qiaomei, An Liang, Jiang Linglin
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
Over the past decades, numerous studies have explored the use of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). Successful USV operation requires a robust tracking control system to perform a range of tasks. However, USV dynamics are uncertain, time-varying, and nonlinear. This paper presents a neural network-based sliding mode adaptive control (NNSMAC) system to enhance USV tracking performance. Trajectories were generated using spline and polynomial interpolation based on a set of N predefined waypoints. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms traditional sliding mode control in error reduction, enabling more effective tracking.
Characterizing The Photochemistry And Photophysics Of Benzoylbenzoate And Formylbenzoate Anions Using Cryogenic Ion Spectroscopy, Olivia Caroline Moss
Characterizing The Photochemistry And Photophysics Of Benzoylbenzoate And Formylbenzoate Anions Using Cryogenic Ion Spectroscopy, Olivia Caroline Moss
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Marine chromophoric dissolved organic matter (mCDOM) is a large and complex class of material predominantly found at the air-water interface in bodies of water. While it is known to generate radicals and unwanted byproducts, such as HONO· and ·OH, the mechanism of formation for these products currently is unknown. In this dissertation, a bottom-up approach is utilized to investigate possible reaction pathways by scaling down to small-molecule models of mCDOM. Namely, this dissertation investigates the photochemistry and photophysics of benzoylbenzoates (BBA¯). Analysis of the UV spectrum of the deprotonated species reveals two dominant processes upon photoexcitation of 4BBA¯, tag loss …
Ole Rna Is A Component Of A Large Particle That Promotes Bacterial Growth Under Diverse Stresses, Seth Eugene Lyon
Ole Rna Is A Component Of A Large Particle That Promotes Bacterial Growth Under Diverse Stresses, Seth Eugene Lyon
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Prior to the 1980s, RNA macromolecules were largely viewed as a transient carrier of the genetic code used for protein synthesis, with little chemical versatility beyond Watson-Crick-Franklin base-pairing. The discovery of catalytic RNAs in 1982, however, upended this view and established that RNA was a chemically capable biopolymer. Since then, several classes of RNA with functions independent from protein synthesis have been discovered in all domains of life. Excluding those that have functions relevant to protein translation, noncoding RNAs that are large (> 200 nt) and have a conserved, complex structure are rare in bacteria. However, as more bacteria were …
Social Justice Unionism: Intersectionality In The Twenty-First Century Workplace, Shirley Lin
Social Justice Unionism: Intersectionality In The Twenty-First Century Workplace, Shirley Lin
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Dangers Of The Current “Global Deregulatory Drive” In Financial Regulation: Written Testimony Submitted To The Uk House Of Lords Financial Services Regulation Committee, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.
The Dangers Of The Current “Global Deregulatory Drive” In Financial Regulation: Written Testimony Submitted To The Uk House Of Lords Financial Services Regulation Committee, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
This written testimony was submitted to the UK House of Lords Financial Services Regulation Committee in response to the Committee’s “Call for Evidence” regarding the growth of private credit markets since the global financial crisis of 2007-09 (https://committees.parliament.uk/work/9235/growth-of-private-markets-in-the-uk-following-reforms-introduced-after-2008). This written testimony was tendered in conjunction with the author’s oral testimony before the Committee on July 23, 2025, and addresses the following points:
1. As past deregulatory episodes have shown, the current “global deregulatory drive” to loosen financial regulation is likely to endanger global financial markets by encouraging excessive risk-taking by large banks and further expansion of “shadow banking” …
2025-2026 Course Catalog, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of The Registrar
2025-2026 Course Catalog, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of The Registrar
University of Montana Course Catalogs, 1895-2024
An annual catalog of courses and course descriptions offered at the University of Montana.
Parafamily, Christina Mulligan
Examining Risk Factors, Screening, And Survival Of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer In The United States, Sunny Siddique
Examining Risk Factors, Screening, And Survival Of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer In The United States, Sunny Siddique
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Background: In the United States (US), the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed among individuals < 50 years of age, has been increasing rapidly. Compared to late-onset CRC (i.e., CRC diagnosed among individuals aged 50 years and older), EOCRC is characterized by more aggressive pathology and distinct genetic profiles, indicating that the etiology of EOCRC may be different. There have been a limited number of studies examining the risk factors of EOCRC, and none have focused on early life risk factors, which could be particularly relevant to early-onset diseases. In May 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) reduced the recommended age of CRC screening from 50 years to 45 years, and the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the provision of preventive services across the country. These events could impact the patterns of screening for EOCRC, but no study has systematically assessed such impacts in a large sample of the US population. Furthermore, the role of ecological factors on survival disparities among individuals with EOCRC remains understudied, and prior studies evaluating these factors have not accounted for potential spatial correlation. These knowledge gaps warrant a set of epidemiological studies to clarify the risk factors, screening patterns, and prognostic factors of EOCRC.
Methods: We conducted three innovative research studies to understand EOCRC etiology, screening, and survival using a range of study designs and analytical methods. In the first study, we included 1,221 cases diagnosed with EOCRC at the age of 0-39 years during 1988-2021 and 61,050 controls without cancer matched on year of birth from the California Linkage Study of Early-Onset Cancers, which is a nested case-control study within the California birth cohort. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) …
About This Time Of Year!, Denise Maihofer Cde
About This Time Of Year!, Denise Maihofer Cde
AADEJ - The Communicator
The Executive Director expresses enthusiasm for the judges reviewing Gies Journalism Award entries and winners of various awards (ICD, AADEJ-ADEA Gies, Distinguished Dental Editor), who will soon be notified. She provides details for the upcoming Annual Meeting and Conference in San Diego on September 9-10, highlighting the lineup of speakers, meals, and a joint reception with ICD and AADEJ where all awards will be presented, a break from the traditional lunch presentation. She also mentions a separate lunch speaker from the Maritime Museum of San Diego. Mrs. Maihofer announces a webinar on August 7 with Dr. Arnell Wright titled "Under …
Editors As Awakeners, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde
Editors As Awakeners, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde
AADEJ - The Communicator
This article explores the editor’s role in soliciting high-quality content by acting as an "awakener" for prospective authors. By using leading questions, editors can help dental professionals transform clinical experiences, research findings, and practice management challenges into compelling articles. The associate editor emphasizes that "teachable moments" and unusual case studies are often more valuable than prestigious accolades in educating the dental community.
Gendered Liberty, Laura Portuondo
Certified Dental Editor — The Icing On The Cake, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde
Certified Dental Editor — The Icing On The Cake, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde
AADEJ - The Communicator
Associate Editor Mali Schantz-Feld draws a compelling analogy between the prestigious Michelin Guide status for restaurants and the Certified Dental Editor (CDE) designation sponsored by the AADEJ. She explains that just as Michelin status motivates culinary excellence, CDE encourages dental editors and journalists to maintain high standards of excellence and ethics while continuously developing writing, editing, and design skills. To attain the CDE designation, individuals must complete 30 hours of continuing education in key areas such as writing, editing, layout and design, editorial leadership, and communications within four years of applying. Attending three consecutive AADEJ Annual Conferences can fulfill these …