Digital Commons Network^™

Translational Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling And Simulation In The Development Of Spectinamides, A Novel Class Of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents, Chetan Rathi

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

New chemotherapeutic agents are urgently needed to control the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) forms of tuberculosis, which still remains an important public health challenge globally. Recently, spectinamides have emerged as a novel class of anti-tuberculosis agents that overcomethe native drug efflux. Spectinamides bind to the 30S bacterial ribosomal subunit which interferes with ribosomal translocation, and ultimately results in inhibition of protein synthesis. They have potent in vitro activity against drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and also demonstrated sustained efficacy in (Mtb)-infected mouse models. Pharmacokinetic (PK)/ pharmacodynamic (PD) analyses play a critical role in identifying …

Development Of Linear And Branched Pre-Pegylated Amino Acids For Site-Specific Peptide Incorporation, Paris L. Hamilton

All Dissertations

The conjugation of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to peptides is known to increase serum stability of peptides and long polydisperse PEGs have been used for decades as a strategy to improve pharmacokinetic profiles of protein therapeutics. However, the effects of PEGylation on the conformational stability and protease resistance of peptides will unpredictably vary depending on 1) site(s) of PEGylation, 2) conjugation strategy, 3) chain length, as well as 4) chain branching. Site-specific PEGylation of peptides requires the use of cumbersome protecting groups and, when performed at lysines, often transforms the amine into an amide. To facilitate both fundamental and applied studies …

Antifibrotic Effects Of Vibratory Stimulation, Sooneon Bae

All Dissertations

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex environment characterized by biophysical, mechanical and biochemical properties specific for each tissue. Cells constantly experience dynamic mechanical loadings that include compression, shear, tension, hydrostatic pressure, and interstitial fluid flow. Through the process of mechano-chemical conversion, mechanical stimulation activates intracellular biochemical signaling that affects many aspects of cell behavior including cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as ECM deposition and organization during development, wound healing, and pathological diseases. Despite significant advances in understanding the dynamic relationship between mechanical forces and matrix remodeling, many of the unique mechanisms and associated responses to various physical …

Exploring The Effect Of Hierarchy On Categorical Search, Justin Taylor Maxfield

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation outlines the importance of understanding how hierarchically organized categories of objects are represented and used to complete novel tasks. Four experiments are included with the goal of expanding on the current field of research. These experiments explored the behavioral factors impacting visual search efficiency, the neural correlates of categorical search, and how to best model this behavior in order to make further testable predictions. Experiment one builds off of previous research done on how hierarchical categorical cues impact search by manipulating the set size of the search display. Experiment two focuses on identifying the characteristics of the N2pc …

Improvement Of Cardiometabolic Markers After Fish Oil Intervention In Young Mexican Adults And The Role Of Pparα L162v And Pparγ2 P12a, Aristea Binia, Carolina Vargas-Martínez, Mónica Ancira-Moreno, Laura M. Gosoniu, Ivan Montoliu, Elí Gámez-Valdez, Diana C. Soria-Contreras, Adriana Angeles-Quezada, Rocío Gonzalez-Alberto, Juan Carlos Lopez Alvarenga

School of Medicine Publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contained in fish oil (FO) are ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) that may induce changes in cardiometabolic markers. Variation in PPAR genes may influence the beneficial responses linked to FO supplementation in young adults. The study aimed to analyze the effect of FO supplementation on glucose metabolism, circulating lipids and inflammation according to PPARα L162V and PPARγ2 P12A genotypes in young Mexican adults. 191 young, non-smoking subjects between 18 and 40 years were included in a one-arm study. Participants were supplemented with 2.7 g/day of EPA+DHA, during six weeks. Dietary analysis, body composition measurements and …

Pre-Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Vulnerability Biomarkers, Jacob Peterson

Celebrating Scholarship & Creativity Day (2011-2017)

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a stress-related mental disorder that affects only a subset of trauma-exposed populations. While current methods hold strong clinical evidence for preventing/mitigating the development of symptomatic PTSD after the fact, current research is still inconclusive on definitive pre-trauma biomarkers of PTSD vulnerability. It is prudent to recognize vulnerability in a given population, rather than treating the affected individuals post-exposure. Further progression in this field of research could not only improve the speed of reactionary treatment by focusing on susceptible individuals, but also by creating appropriate prophylactic measures. With the military in mind, identification of vulnerable subjects prior …

A Review Of Ankylosing Spondylitis, Hannah L. Owen

Senior Honors Theses

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder that induces ankylosis of the spine (fusion of the vertebrae at their various joints) and inflammatory arthritis of peripheral joints among other symptoms. Overexpression of cytokines, the presence of genetic mutations not exclusive to the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 region, and environmental factors all have large roles in the progressive development of AS. Although a definitive pathology continues to be sought after, researchers believe the adaptive immune system in AS patients attacks fibrocartilaginous entheses (supportive connective tissue between bone and attached structures like tendon, ligament, and fascia).

AS markedly reduces proper systemic …

Aha Awards Uab A $3.7 Million Grant To Further Generational Obesity Research, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Avian Migratory Flight & Oxidative Stress: The Impact Of Exercise On Erythrocytic Antioxidant Defense Systems, Keara Bohannon

Academic Festival

Migratory birds engage in strenuous exercise and continuous fat oxidation, both of which are known to increase oxidative stress and potentially lead to damage of membrane lipids, proteins and DNA. It is theorized that migratory birds have numerous antioxidant defense systems in order to cope with their increased level of oxidative stress. Avian erythrocytes, for instance, are equipped with a number of enzymatic antioxidants to limit damage, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The level and nature of fat content in their diet is also thought to play a role in coping with oxidative stress. In this study, subjects …

Reducing Stigma-Driven Health Disparities In People Living With Hiv (Plwh): A Literature Review, Stephanie P. Dizon

McNair Research Journal SJSU

Introduction: Research has found that HIV-related stigma has numerous negative impacts on the lives of people living with HIV (PLWH). Although there are more resources than ever dedicated to HIV/AIDS efforts, stigma continues to be a major factor challenging the prevention and treatment of HIV today. Understanding the impacts of stigma on health outcomes and quality of life in PLWH is essential to address the global HIV epidemic and reduce health disparities.

Search Strategy: We conducted a secondary meta-analysis of existing research that discussed and evaluated the impacts of HIV-related stigma and discrimination on PLWH. We searched the following databases …

Expression Of Mammalian Dna In A Non-Native Cell System, Taylor Hyatt

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

In this study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between glucocorticoid receptors and calcium channels. To begin our research, we began to optimize the transfection efficiency of a glucocorticoid receptor within human embryonic kidney cells. Results found that this non-native cell was able to be transfected with pK7-GR-GFP DNA. Although it was unexpected, we were unable to obtain a transfection efficiency of 10% to move forward with other planned experiments. However, through our efforts, we were able to achieve a transfection efficiency of 0.04% and troubleshoot many difficulties that prevented obtaining a higher transfection efficiency. It was found that the …

Ucc Minutes, April 11, 2017, University Curriculum Council

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.

Creation Of An Immunodeficient Hla-Transgenic Mouse (Humamice) And Functional Validation Of Human Immunity After Transfer Of Hla-Matched Human Cells, Yang Zeng, Bingrun Liu, Marie-Therese Rubio, Xinyue Wang, David M. Ojcius, Ruoping Tang, Antoine Durrbach, Zhitao Ru, Yusen Zhou, Yu-Chun Lone

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Research on human immunology has been hindered by the lack of optimal small animal models, given that the protective immune responses of human and non-human species show significant differences. However, due to ethical constraints[1] and the high cost of clinical trials, it is urgent to improve the current animal models that can mimic faithfully human physiology, particularly the human immune system (HIS). HIS mice had been generated recently by engrafting human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs) or human peripheral mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) into highly immuno-deficient mice such as NSG, NOG or NRG mice. However, a major experimental drawback for studies using …

Patterns Of Dna Methylation Across The Leptin Core Promoter In Four Diverse Asian And North American Populations, M. J. Mosher, P. E. Melton, P. Stapleton, M. S. Schanfield, M. H. Crawford

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

DNA methylation is the most widely studied of epigenetic mechanisms, with environmental effects recorded through patterned attachments of methyl groups along the DNA that are capable of modifying gene expression without altering the DNA sequencing. The degree to which these patterns of DNA methylation are heritable, the expected range of normality across populations, and the phenotypic relevance of pattern variation remain unclear. Genes regulating metabolic pathways appear to be vulnerable to ongoing nutritional programming over the life course, as dietary nutrients are significant environmental determinants of DNA methylation, supplying both the methyl groups and energy to generate the methylation process. …

An Ir And Rf Based System For Functional Gait Analysis In A Multi-Resident Smart-Home, Erich Reinhardt Schafermeyer

Dissertations and Theses

Changes in the gait characteristics, such as walking speed and stride length, of a person living at home can be used to presage cognitive decline, predict fall potential, monitor long-term changes in cognitive impairment, test drug regimens, and more. This thesis presents a novel approach to gait analysis in a smart-home environment by leveraging new advances in inexpensive sensors and embedded systems to create novel solutions for in-home gait analysis. Using a simple, non-invasive hardware system consisting entirely of wall-mounted infrared and radio frequency sensor arrays, data is collected on the gait of subjects as they pass by. This data …

The Classic, Spring 2017, Public Relations

The Classic, 2010-2019

Zwemer View: What I Discovered From the Discover Campaign; Around the Green: New Academic Deans; In Box; Encore of Accolades; Biblical Drama Online; Recommended Programs; Calling and Mission; Profs Practice What They Teach; Campus Life: Whodunit?, Gold Rush, Critical Acclaim, Sharing the World, Hablas Espanol?, The Art of Influence; European Classroom; Science Center to Open in Fall 2018; Special Education M.Ed.; Face Value: David Arnett; A New Chapter; Summer Lovin'; Dula-Degree Engineering Program; Counselor on Council; RedZone: In The Hall,Sweet 16; Capitol Performance; 1000 Words: Fashion Statement; Hitting the Books; Good Medicine; Red Ties; Class Notes; New Arrivals; Marriages; In …

Teaching Listening For Prominence In Combination With Reading To Help Students Determine New Information, Margaret Genereux

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess whether teaching adult English Language Learners (ELLs) to listen for new information spoken with prominence on the target new information increased their ability to make inferences about meaning. Data collected included: a pre and post-test to assess students’ learning during the intervention; an uptake sheet to solicit students’ self-perception of their learning about pronunciation and placement of new information; and a Likert scale to elicit participants’ self-assessment of their ability to identify and use prominence. While results of the post-test on selecting the correct inference were inconclusive, quantitative and qualitative data indicated …

The Trio Student Support Services Newsletter, Armstrong State University

TRiO Newsletter (Armstrong) (Archived)

• Director’s Corner Corine Ackerson-Jones
• TRiO Hosts New Seminars and Activities in Spring ‘17
• Shanelle Dillon has been accepted into the Science Enrichment Preparation Program (S.E.P.) at UNC Chapel Hill!
• Farewell to our Spring 2017 Graduates!!
• Latonya Sallywhite, Senior Nursing Scholar, receives the Savannah Black Nurses Association Scholarship!
• 2016-2017 Star Scholars!
• 2016-2017 I’mPossible Scholars!

Pravastatin™ Suppresses Venous Shear Stress Dependent Induction Of Aquaporin 1 Protein Expression In Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells In Vitro, Raphael J. Crum

Honors Theses

Background: Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane water channels that facilitate osmotically-driven transmembrane water flux. AQP1 is abundantly expressed in vascular endothelium, where it functions in endothelial cell migration, wound healing, and cell volume regulation in response to mechanical stimuli. AQP1 protein abundance is enhanced in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in response to fluid shear stress. Statins, a pharmacological class of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, suppress the early development of vein graft intimal hyperplasia by improving endothelial cell function, most likely by affecting endothelial response to arterial shear stress. Statins may also differentially regulate the expression of specific AQPs by …

On The Structure And Properties Of S-Nitrosated Cysteine Models: A Computational Study, Dmitry Khomyakov

Dissertations (1934 -)

S-Nitrosation of cysteine (Cys) residues, a covalent modification of its S atom by NO group, is a major post-translational modification of proteins. Despite the importance of S-nitrosoproteins in numerous physiological processes, lability of the S-nitrosothiol (-SNO) group hinders the research progress. In this work, computational chemistry methods were applied to S-nitrosated cysteine (CysNO) models to gain a deeper insight into its structure and properties. First, we obtained the most accurate at the moment computational estimation of the molecular structure and properties of CH3SNO model molecule using Feller-Peterson-Dixon (FPD) ab initio protocol. The S–N bond length in cis- CH3SNO is calculated …

Educational Policies Committee Program Proposal, Emma Eccles Jones College Of Education And Human Services, March 31, 2017 – Bachelor Of Science In Nursing, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

Utah State University requests approval to offer the following Baccalaureate degree(s): Bachelor of Science in Nursing effective Fall 2017.

Educating Dídac: Mankind’S New Father And The End Of Patriarchy In Manuel De Pedrolo’S "Typescript Of The Second Origin", Sara Martín

Alambique. Revista académica de ciencia ficción y fantasía / Jornal acadêmico de ficção científica e fantasía

The post-apocalyptic novel by Catalan writer Manuel de Pedrolo, Typescript of the Second Origin (1974, English 2017) celebrates Alba as humankind’s new mother. Alba’s mission, however, clearly depends on the help of a man willing to father her children, a role for which Pedrolo made an extremely singular choice: whereas Alba is already 14 when Typescript begins, Dídac is just a 9-year-old boy. Because of the exceptional situation (the catastrophic extraterrestrial devastation of Earth), Pedrolo forces Dídac to mature very fast, to the point that he is only 12 when Alba gives birth to their baby. Additionally, Dídac’s mixed-raced genetic …

Ucc Minutes, March 28, 2017, University Curriculum Council

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.

12th Annual Research In The Capitol [Program], March 28, 2017, University Of Northern Iowa. University Honors Program., University Of Iowa. Honors Program., Iowa State University. Honors Program.

Research in the Capitol Programs

Program of research presentations given at the Capitol by students from the University of Northern Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Iowa.

Perception Vs. Reality: Improving Mission Commander Decision-Making Capabilities By Use Of Heart Rate Zone Feedback In Training Environments, Caitlin M. Oviatt

Theses and Dissertations

In the military environment, it is common for commanders to rely exclusively on perceptional information (e.g., visual observations) to make decisions on their personnel’s physical capabilities. There is little evidence to support the idea that the information provided by physiological feedback technology, typically made available to the individual visually, could improve assessments and decision-making capabilities of outside observers (e.g., mission commander in a remote location). Through experimental examination this research shows that commanders who have Heart Rate Zone (HRZ) biofeedback information about their Airmen by use of physiological technology were able to more accurately predict the level of effort and …

Lactose Intolerance: An Overview Of The Facts And Their Implications, Noelle M. Yeo

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Lactose intolerance is often blamed for the symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, gas, abdominal pain, and nausea, that ail many people. Patients often do not seek proper diagnosis from a physician and create their own treatment plans, severely restricting lactose intake, without professional guidance. Even those who do seek the care of a physician find that diagnosis is complicated by less-than ideal testing and confusion due to the symptoms common to many other conditions. The misconceptions and inability to confirm a diagnosis of lactose intolerance can cause nutrient deficiencies in these patients, as well as begin a pattern of unnecessary …

Human Stress Protein Response To Exercise And The Environment, Rebecca Cuthbert

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Stress proteins are molecular chaperones that protect cells from the damaging effects that can be caused by exercise and environmental changes. Cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) and RNA binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) protect cells from mild hypothermia and hypoxia. They allow cells to rapidly respond to environmental stresses by regulating gene expression. Heat shock proteins 27, 70, and 90 protect skeletal tissue from exercise and heat stress. They accelerate cellular repair and prevent misfolding of proteins. These proteins, especially CIRP and RBM3, have been studied in cell cultures and animal models, but limited data exist in humans. Purpose: To …

Ecological Correlations Of Dietary Food Intake And Mental Health Disorders, Jordan Hoerr, Joshua Fogel, Benjamin Van Voorhees

Publications and Research

This paper examines the ecological association of dietary food intake with mental health outcomes on the group level across countries. Published data from the World Mental Health Survey were used to compare lifetime prevalence of four categories of mental health disorders (anxiety disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, and substance use disorders) with a country’s fish/seafood and sugar/sweetener supply quantity using the Spearman rank correlation. Data were compared for 17 countries across the world. Sugar and sweetener supply quantity was significantly and positively associated with anxiety disorders (rho = 0.75, p = 0.001), mood disorders (rho = 0.75, p = …

A Critical Analysis Of Sexuality Education In The United States: Toward An Inclusive Curriculum For Social Justice, Tiffani Kocsis

LMU Theses and Dissertations

Sexuality education in public schools in the United States excludes a large population of students. These exclusions are due to a long history of legal and economic battles, as well as the politicized nature of adolescent sexuality. This critical interpretive inquiry explored the long history of sexuality education through the lens of economics, law, and psychological paradigms and examined the way in which each of these lenses furthered the exclusion of nonheterosexual males in curricula. Using a framework comprised of critical feminist theory, critical pedagogy, and queer theory, this manuscript provides an understanding of the social structures of sexuality education …

Superhero Physiology: The Case For Captain America, Stanley P. Brown, Johneric W. Smith, Matthew Mcallister, Leeann Joe

Publications

Using pop icons in the science classroom represents a creative way to engage often-distracted students in a relevant and, perhaps more importantly, fun way. When the pop icon is as universally known as Captain America, the pedagogical stage is set. However, when the movies can also be employed to link dramatic references to the science concepts at hand, we may have a very powerful tool by which linkages between fiction and science can be forged. In this regard, Captain America’s performances in several movies to date can be used to explain actual science. Granted, script writers and movie directors may …